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Annaz H, Annaz H, Ajaha A, Bouayad N, El Fakhouri K, Laglaoui A, El Bouhssini M, Sobeh M, Rharrabe K. Chemical profiling and bioactivities of essential oils from Thymus capitatus and Origanum compactum against Tribolium castaneum. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26102. [PMID: 38444480 PMCID: PMC10912041 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The use of essential oils has emerged as an ecofriendly solution for controlling different pests, particularly insects of stored products. Essential oils (EOs) from Thymus capitatus (TC) and Origanum compactum (OC) have received less attention for these bioactivities. Therefore, our study aimed to assess the repellent, antifeedant and contact toxicity of their EOs against a major stored product pest Tribolium castaneum. Besides, GC-MS was also carried out to determine the compounds responsible for the observed bioactivities. Regarding contact toxicity, LC50 values were 0.58 and 0.35 μL/cm2 for TC and OC after 24 h of exposure, respectively. For the repellent effect, the percentage of repellency (PR) was variable across different concentrations and exposure durations. TC exhibited the best PR (98%) after 3 h of exposure at 0.031 μL/cm2. For prolonged repulsive effect (24 h), TC sustained its repulsive efficacy with a PR of 90% at 0.062 μL/cm2 followed by OC with a PR of 88% at 0.125 μL/cm2. As for the antifeedant effect, both EOs had a significant impact on nutritional indexes, especially the feeding deterrent index and relative consumption rate. OC displayed a notable effect, causing 59% of feeding deterrence at 1.92 μL/pellet. These multifaced effects can be explained by the high content of carvacrol in both EOs (OC: 90% and TC: 78%). These multifaced effects demonstrated through different exposure routes and bioassays promote the use of T. capitatus and O. compactum EOs as a sustainable management strategy to control T. castaneum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houssam Annaz
- Research Team Agricultural and Aquacultural Engineering, FPL, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan, Morocco
- Research Team Biotechnology and Biomolecules Engineering, FSTT, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan, Morocco
| | - Hassan Annaz
- AgroBioSciences Program, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University Mohammed VI Polytechnic, Ben Guerir, Morocco
| | - Ayoub Ajaha
- Research Team Agricultural and Aquacultural Engineering, FPL, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan, Morocco
| | - Noureddin Bouayad
- Research Team Biotechnology and Biomolecules Engineering, FSTT, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan, Morocco
| | - Karim El Fakhouri
- AgroBioSciences Program, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University Mohammed VI Polytechnic, Ben Guerir, Morocco
| | - Amin Laglaoui
- Research Team Biotechnology and Biomolecules Engineering, FSTT, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan, Morocco
| | - Mustapha El Bouhssini
- AgroBioSciences Program, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University Mohammed VI Polytechnic, Ben Guerir, Morocco
| | - Mansour Sobeh
- AgroBioSciences Program, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University Mohammed VI Polytechnic, Ben Guerir, Morocco
| | - Kacem Rharrabe
- Research Team Agricultural and Aquacultural Engineering, FPL, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan, Morocco
- Research Laboratory Biology, Environment and Sustainable Development, ENS, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan, Morocco
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Kajla MK, Barrett-Wilt GA, Paskewitz SM. Bacteria: A novel source for potent mosquito feeding-deterrents. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaau6141. [PMID: 30746455 PMCID: PMC6357744 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aau6141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic and insecticidal bioactivities of the extracellular secondary metabolites produced by entomopathogenic bacteria belonging to genus Xenorhabdus have been identified; however, their novel applications such as mosquito feeding-deterrence have not been reported. Here, we show that a mixture of compounds isolated from Xenorhabdus budapestensis in vitro cultures exhibits potent feeding-deterrent activity against three deadly mosquito vectors: Aedes aegypti, Anopheles gambiae, and Culex pipiens. We demonstrate that the deterrent active fraction isolated from replicate bacterial cultures is highly enriched in two compounds consistent with the previously described fabclavines, strongly suggesting that these are the molecular species responsible for feeding-deterrence. The mosquito feeding-deterrent activity in the putative fabclavine-rich fraction is comparable to or better than that of N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (also known as DEET) or picaridin in side-by-side assays. These findings lay the groundwork for research into biologically derived, peptide-based, low-molecular weight compounds isolated from bacteria for exploitation as mosquito repellents and feeding-deterrents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayur K. Kajla
- Department of Entomology, University of Wisconsin–Madison, 1630 Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Gregory A. Barrett-Wilt
- Biotechnology Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison, 425 Henry Mall, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Susan M. Paskewitz
- Department of Entomology, University of Wisconsin–Madison, 1630 Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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Romano D, Stefanini C, Canale A, Benelli G. Artificial blood feeders for mosquito and ticks-Where from, where to? Acta Trop 2018; 183:43-56. [PMID: 29625092 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2018.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Mosquito and tick feeding activity represent a key threat for humans, livestock, pets and wildlife worldwide. Rearing these vectors in laboratory conditions is extremely important to investigate basic facets of their biology, vector competence, new control strategies, as well as mechanisms of pesticide resistance. However, the use of animals or humans to provide blood for hematophagous arthropod feeding poses a strict limit to these researches, due to the accidental transmission of diseases, ethical problems concerning animal welfare, as well as expensive and time-consuming animal rearing procedures. The use of devices to artificially feed arthropod vectors can importantly leverage progresses in parasitology and entomology. The aim of this review is to summarize current knowledge about artificial feeding of mosquitoes and ticks, focusing on key concepts and case studies about the design and fabrication of blood feeding devices. From a technical standpoint, the literature analyzed here showed little standardization of materials used for fabricating membrane interfaces, as well as in the strategy used to heat the "biomimetic host". In addition, a lack of uniform methods to design an architecture merging complex and realistic cues with an easy-to-assemble approach have been found. Some commercial products are available, but they are quite expensive, thus hard to reach for many laboratories, especially in developing countries. An important challenge for future research is represented by the introduction of automation and bioinspired engineered solutions in these devices, improving the effectiveness of blood-feeding systems by increasing their host-mimicking features. Automation can reduce labor costs and provide interesting solutions - in line with the 3R principle "reduce, replace and refine" - aimed to minimize the employ of experimental animals in research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donato Romano
- The BioRobotics Institute, Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025 Pontedera, Pisa, Italy
| | - Cesare Stefanini
- The BioRobotics Institute, Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025 Pontedera, Pisa, Italy; Department of Biomedical Engineering and Robotics Institute, Khalifa University, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Angelo Canale
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Giovanni Benelli
- The BioRobotics Institute, Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025 Pontedera, Pisa, Italy; Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
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Thomas A, Mazigo HD, Manjurano A, Morona D, Kweka EJ. Evaluation of active ingredients and larvicidal activity of clove and cinnamon essential oils against Anopheles gambiae (sensu lato). Parasit Vectors 2017; 10:411. [PMID: 28874207 PMCID: PMC5585972 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-017-2355-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mosquitoes are well-known vectors of many diseases including malaria and lymphatic filariasis. Uses of synthetic insecticides are associated with high toxicity, resistance, environmental pollution and limited alternative, effective synthetic insecticides. This study was undertaken to evaluate the larvicidal efficacy of clove and cinnamon essential oils against laboratory Anopheles gambiae (sensu stricto) and wild An. arabiensis larvae. METHODS The standard WHO guideline for larvicides evaluation was used, and the GC-MS machine was used for active compounds percentage composition analysis and structures identification. Probit regression analysis was used for LC50 and LC95 calculations while a t-test was used to test for significant differences between laboratory-reared and wild larvae populations in each concentration of plant extract. RESULTS Mortality effect of clove and cinnamon essential oils against wild and laboratory-reared larvae had variations indicated by their LC50 and LC95 values. The mortality at different concentrations of cinnamon and clove post-exposure for wild and laboratory-reared larvae were dosage-dependent and were higher for cinnamon than for clove essential oils. The mortality effect following exposure to a blend of the two essential oils was higher for blends containing a greater proportion of cinnamon oil. In the chemical analysis of the active ingredients of cinnamon essential oil, the main chemical content was Eugenol, and the rarest was β-Linalool while for clove essential oil, the main chemical content was Eugenol and the rarest was Bicyclo. CONCLUSION The essential oils showed a larvicidal effect which was concentration-dependent for both laboratory and wild collected larvae. The active ingredient compositions triggered different responses in mortality. Further research in small-scale should be conducted with concentrated extracted compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adelina Thomas
- School of Pharmacy, Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O. Box 1464, Mwanza, Tanzania
| | - Humphrey D. Mazigo
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Entomology, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O. Box 1464, Mwanza, Tanzania
| | - Alphaxard Manjurano
- National Institute for Medical Research, Mwanza Research Centre, Mwanza, Tanzania
| | - Domenica Morona
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Entomology, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O. Box 1464, Mwanza, Tanzania
| | - Eliningaya J. Kweka
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Entomology, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O. Box 1464, Mwanza, Tanzania
- Division of Livestock and Human Diseases Vector Control, Mosquito Section, Tropical Pesticides Research Institute, P.O. Box 3024, Arusha, Tanzania
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