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Marcombe S, Doeurk B, Thammavong P, Veseli T, Heafield C, Mills MA, Kako S, Prado MF, Thomson S, Millett S, Hill T, Kentsley I, Davies S, Pathiraja G, Daniels B, Browne L, Nyamukanga M, Harvey J, Rubinstein L, Townsend C, Allen Z, Davey-Spence C, Hupi A, Jones AK, Boyer S. Metabolic Resistance and Not Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Gene Mutation Is Associated with Pyrethroid Resistance of Aedes albopictus (Skuse, 1894) from Cambodia. INSECTS 2024; 15:358. [PMID: 38786914 PMCID: PMC11122440 DOI: 10.3390/insects15050358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
(1) Background: In Cambodia, Aedes albopictus is an important vector of the dengue virus. Vector control using insecticides is a major strategy implemented in managing mosquito-borne diseases. Resistance, however, threatens to undermine the use of insecticides. In this study, we present the levels of insecticide resistance of Ae. albopictus in Cambodia and the mechanisms involved. (2) Methods: Two Ae. albopictus populations were collected from the capital, Phnom Penh city, and from rural Pailin province. Adults were tested with diagnostic doses of malathion (0.8%), deltamethrin (0.03%), permethrin (0.25%), and DDT (4%) using WHO tube assays. Synergist assays using piperonyl butoxide (PBO) were implemented before the pyrethroid assays to detect the potential involvement of metabolic resistance mechanisms. Adult female mosquitoes collected from Phnom Penh and Pailin were tested for voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) kdr (knockdown resistance) mutations commonly found in Aedes sp.-resistant populations throughout Asia (S989P, V1016G, and F1534C), as well as for other mutations (V410L, L982W, A1007G, I1011M, T1520I, and D1763Y). (3) Results: The two populations showed resistance against all the insecticides tested (<90% mortality). The use of PBO (an inhibitor of P450s) strongly restored the efficacy of deltamethrin and permethrin against the two resistant populations. Sequences of regions of the vgsc gene showed a lack of kdr mutations known to be associated with pyrethroid resistance. However, four novel non-synonymous mutations (L412P/S, C983S, Q1554STOP, and R1718L) and twenty-nine synonymous mutations were detected. It remains to be determined whether these mutations contribute to pyrethroid resistance. (4) Conclusions: Pyrethroid resistance is occurring in two Ae. albopictus populations originating from urban and rural areas of Cambodia. The resistance is likely due to metabolic resistance specifically involving P450s monooxygenases. The levels of resistance against different insecticide classes are a cause for concern in Cambodia. Alternative tools and insecticides for controlling dengue vectors should be used to minimize disease prevalence in the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Marcombe
- Medical Entomology and Vector-borne Diseases Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Laos, Ministry of Health, Vientiane P.O. Box 3560, Laos; (S.M.); (P.T.)
- Vector Control Consulting—South East Asia Sole Co., Ltd., Vientiane P.O. Box 3463, Laos
| | - Bros Doeurk
- Medical and Veterinary Entomology Unit, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, 5 Boulevard Monivong, Phnom Penh P.O. Box 983, Cambodia; (B.D.); (S.B.)
| | - Phoutmany Thammavong
- Medical Entomology and Vector-borne Diseases Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Laos, Ministry of Health, Vientiane P.O. Box 3560, Laos; (S.M.); (P.T.)
| | - Tuba Veseli
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Headington, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK; (T.V.); (C.H.); (M.-A.M.); (S.K.); (M.F.P.); (S.T.); (S.M.); (T.H.); (I.K.); (S.D.); (G.P.); (B.D.); (L.B.); (M.N.); (J.H.); (L.R.); (C.T.); (Z.A.); (C.D.-S.); (A.H.)
- Independent Researcher, Derby DE65 5NX, UK
| | - Christian Heafield
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Headington, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK; (T.V.); (C.H.); (M.-A.M.); (S.K.); (M.F.P.); (S.T.); (S.M.); (T.H.); (I.K.); (S.D.); (G.P.); (B.D.); (L.B.); (M.N.); (J.H.); (L.R.); (C.T.); (Z.A.); (C.D.-S.); (A.H.)
- Independent Researcher, Oxford OX14 2RN, UK
| | - Molly-Ann Mills
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Headington, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK; (T.V.); (C.H.); (M.-A.M.); (S.K.); (M.F.P.); (S.T.); (S.M.); (T.H.); (I.K.); (S.D.); (G.P.); (B.D.); (L.B.); (M.N.); (J.H.); (L.R.); (C.T.); (Z.A.); (C.D.-S.); (A.H.)
- UK Health Security Agency, Porton Down, Salisbury SP4 0JG, UK
| | - Sedra Kako
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Headington, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK; (T.V.); (C.H.); (M.-A.M.); (S.K.); (M.F.P.); (S.T.); (S.M.); (T.H.); (I.K.); (S.D.); (G.P.); (B.D.); (L.B.); (M.N.); (J.H.); (L.R.); (C.T.); (Z.A.); (C.D.-S.); (A.H.)
| | - Marcelly Ferreira Prado
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Headington, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK; (T.V.); (C.H.); (M.-A.M.); (S.K.); (M.F.P.); (S.T.); (S.M.); (T.H.); (I.K.); (S.D.); (G.P.); (B.D.); (L.B.); (M.N.); (J.H.); (L.R.); (C.T.); (Z.A.); (C.D.-S.); (A.H.)
- Oxford University Hospitals, Churchill Hospital, Genetics Laboratories, Old Rd, Headington, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK
| | - Shakira Thomson
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Headington, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK; (T.V.); (C.H.); (M.-A.M.); (S.K.); (M.F.P.); (S.T.); (S.M.); (T.H.); (I.K.); (S.D.); (G.P.); (B.D.); (L.B.); (M.N.); (J.H.); (L.R.); (C.T.); (Z.A.); (C.D.-S.); (A.H.)
- Independent Researcher, Burnham-On-Sea TA8 1AZ, UK
| | - Saffron Millett
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Headington, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK; (T.V.); (C.H.); (M.-A.M.); (S.K.); (M.F.P.); (S.T.); (S.M.); (T.H.); (I.K.); (S.D.); (G.P.); (B.D.); (L.B.); (M.N.); (J.H.); (L.R.); (C.T.); (Z.A.); (C.D.-S.); (A.H.)
| | - Timothy Hill
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Headington, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK; (T.V.); (C.H.); (M.-A.M.); (S.K.); (M.F.P.); (S.T.); (S.M.); (T.H.); (I.K.); (S.D.); (G.P.); (B.D.); (L.B.); (M.N.); (J.H.); (L.R.); (C.T.); (Z.A.); (C.D.-S.); (A.H.)
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Imogen Kentsley
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Headington, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK; (T.V.); (C.H.); (M.-A.M.); (S.K.); (M.F.P.); (S.T.); (S.M.); (T.H.); (I.K.); (S.D.); (G.P.); (B.D.); (L.B.); (M.N.); (J.H.); (L.R.); (C.T.); (Z.A.); (C.D.-S.); (A.H.)
- Independent Researcher, Brighton BN8 4HR, UK
| | - Shereena Davies
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Headington, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK; (T.V.); (C.H.); (M.-A.M.); (S.K.); (M.F.P.); (S.T.); (S.M.); (T.H.); (I.K.); (S.D.); (G.P.); (B.D.); (L.B.); (M.N.); (J.H.); (L.R.); (C.T.); (Z.A.); (C.D.-S.); (A.H.)
- Independent Researcher, Shrewsbury SY1 4YP, UK
| | - Geethika Pathiraja
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Headington, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK; (T.V.); (C.H.); (M.-A.M.); (S.K.); (M.F.P.); (S.T.); (S.M.); (T.H.); (I.K.); (S.D.); (G.P.); (B.D.); (L.B.); (M.N.); (J.H.); (L.R.); (C.T.); (Z.A.); (C.D.-S.); (A.H.)
- Independent Researcher, Wallingford OX10 7EA, UK
| | - Ben Daniels
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Headington, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK; (T.V.); (C.H.); (M.-A.M.); (S.K.); (M.F.P.); (S.T.); (S.M.); (T.H.); (I.K.); (S.D.); (G.P.); (B.D.); (L.B.); (M.N.); (J.H.); (L.R.); (C.T.); (Z.A.); (C.D.-S.); (A.H.)
- Syngenta, Jealott’s Hill International Research Centre, Bracknell RG42 6EY, Berkshire, UK
| | - Lucianna Browne
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Headington, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK; (T.V.); (C.H.); (M.-A.M.); (S.K.); (M.F.P.); (S.T.); (S.M.); (T.H.); (I.K.); (S.D.); (G.P.); (B.D.); (L.B.); (M.N.); (J.H.); (L.R.); (C.T.); (Z.A.); (C.D.-S.); (A.H.)
- Independent Researcher, Reading RG31 4SE, UK
| | - Miranda Nyamukanga
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Headington, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK; (T.V.); (C.H.); (M.-A.M.); (S.K.); (M.F.P.); (S.T.); (S.M.); (T.H.); (I.K.); (S.D.); (G.P.); (B.D.); (L.B.); (M.N.); (J.H.); (L.R.); (C.T.); (Z.A.); (C.D.-S.); (A.H.)
- Wythenshawe Hospital, Southmoor Rd, Wythenshawe M23 9LT, Manchester, UK
| | - Jess Harvey
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Headington, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK; (T.V.); (C.H.); (M.-A.M.); (S.K.); (M.F.P.); (S.T.); (S.M.); (T.H.); (I.K.); (S.D.); (G.P.); (B.D.); (L.B.); (M.N.); (J.H.); (L.R.); (C.T.); (Z.A.); (C.D.-S.); (A.H.)
- Oxford Nanopore Technologies plc, Unit 3, Genesis Building, Library Avenue, Harwell, Didcot OX11 0SG, Oxfordshire, UK
| | - Lyranne Rubinstein
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Headington, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK; (T.V.); (C.H.); (M.-A.M.); (S.K.); (M.F.P.); (S.T.); (S.M.); (T.H.); (I.K.); (S.D.); (G.P.); (B.D.); (L.B.); (M.N.); (J.H.); (L.R.); (C.T.); (Z.A.); (C.D.-S.); (A.H.)
- Independent Researcher, 69009 Lyon, France
| | - Chloe Townsend
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Headington, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK; (T.V.); (C.H.); (M.-A.M.); (S.K.); (M.F.P.); (S.T.); (S.M.); (T.H.); (I.K.); (S.D.); (G.P.); (B.D.); (L.B.); (M.N.); (J.H.); (L.R.); (C.T.); (Z.A.); (C.D.-S.); (A.H.)
| | - Zack Allen
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Headington, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK; (T.V.); (C.H.); (M.-A.M.); (S.K.); (M.F.P.); (S.T.); (S.M.); (T.H.); (I.K.); (S.D.); (G.P.); (B.D.); (L.B.); (M.N.); (J.H.); (L.R.); (C.T.); (Z.A.); (C.D.-S.); (A.H.)
| | - Christopher Davey-Spence
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Headington, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK; (T.V.); (C.H.); (M.-A.M.); (S.K.); (M.F.P.); (S.T.); (S.M.); (T.H.); (I.K.); (S.D.); (G.P.); (B.D.); (L.B.); (M.N.); (J.H.); (L.R.); (C.T.); (Z.A.); (C.D.-S.); (A.H.)
| | - Adina Hupi
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Headington, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK; (T.V.); (C.H.); (M.-A.M.); (S.K.); (M.F.P.); (S.T.); (S.M.); (T.H.); (I.K.); (S.D.); (G.P.); (B.D.); (L.B.); (M.N.); (J.H.); (L.R.); (C.T.); (Z.A.); (C.D.-S.); (A.H.)
- Independent Researcher, Oxford OX3 8HP, UK
| | - Andrew K. Jones
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Headington, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK; (T.V.); (C.H.); (M.-A.M.); (S.K.); (M.F.P.); (S.T.); (S.M.); (T.H.); (I.K.); (S.D.); (G.P.); (B.D.); (L.B.); (M.N.); (J.H.); (L.R.); (C.T.); (Z.A.); (C.D.-S.); (A.H.)
| | - Sebastien Boyer
- Medical and Veterinary Entomology Unit, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, 5 Boulevard Monivong, Phnom Penh P.O. Box 983, Cambodia; (B.D.); (S.B.)
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Kasai S, Itokawa K, Uemura N, Takaoka A, Furutani S, Maekawa Y, Kobayashi D, Imanishi-Kobayashi N, Amoa-Bosompem M, Murota K, Higa Y, Kawada H, Minakawa N, Cuong TC, Yen NT, Phong TV, Keo S, Kang K, Miura K, Ng LC, Teng HJ, Dadzie S, Subekti S, Mulyatno KC, Sawabe K, Tomita T, Komagata O. Discovery of super-insecticide-resistant dengue mosquitoes in Asia: Threats of concomitant knockdown resistance mutations. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabq7345. [PMID: 36542722 PMCID: PMC9770935 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abq7345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus, 1762) is the main mosquito vector for dengue and other arboviral infectious diseases. Control of this important vector highly relies on the use of insecticides, especially pyrethroids. The high frequency (>78%) of the L982W substitution was detected at the target site of the pyrethroid insecticide, the voltage-gated sodium channel (Vgsc) of A. aegypti collected from Vietnam and Cambodia. Alleles having concomitant mutations L982W + F1534C and V1016G + F1534C were also confirmed in both countries, and their frequency was high (>90%) in Phnom Penh, Cambodia. Strains having these alleles exhibited substantially higher levels of pyrethroid resistance than any other field population ever reported. The L982W substitution has never been detected in any country of the Indochina Peninsula except Vietnam and Cambodia, but it may be spreading to other areas of Asia, which can cause an unprecedentedly serious threat to the control of dengue fever as well as other Aedes-borne infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Kasai
- Department of Medical Entomology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Kentaro Itokawa
- Department of Medical Entomology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Nozomi Uemura
- Department of Medical Entomology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Aki Takaoka
- Department of Medical Entomology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Shogo Furutani
- Department of Medical Entomology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Yoshihide Maekawa
- Department of Medical Entomology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kobayashi
- Department of Medical Entomology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | | | - Michael Amoa-Bosompem
- Department of Medical Entomology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Katsunori Murota
- Kagoshima Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Kagoshima 891-0105, Japan
| | - Yukiko Higa
- Department of Medical Entomology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Kawada
- Department of Vector Ecology and Environment, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Noboru Minakawa
- Department of Vector Ecology and Environment, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Tran Chi Cuong
- Medical Entomology and Zoology Department, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thi Yen
- Medical Entomology and Zoology Department, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Tran Vu Phong
- Medical Entomology and Zoology Department, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Sath Keo
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Royal University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 2696, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Kroesna Kang
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Royal University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 2696, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Kozue Miura
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Lee Ching Ng
- Environmental Health Institute, National Environment Agency, Singapore 138667, Singapore
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Hwa-Jen Teng
- Center for Diagnostics and Vaccine Development, Centers for Disease Control, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei City 10050, Taiwan
| | - Samuel Dadzie
- Department of Parasitology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, P.O. Box LG 581, Legon,, Ghana
| | - Sri Subekti
- Entomology Study Group, Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | - Kris Cahyo Mulyatno
- Entomology Study Group, Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | - Kyoko Sawabe
- Department of Medical Entomology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Takashi Tomita
- Department of Medical Entomology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Osamu Komagata
- Department of Medical Entomology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
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