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Koleilat A, Kumar V, Al Hmada Y, Milosevic D, Zheng G, Lopes MB, Ida CM. Concurrent TERT promoter C228T and C250T mutations in diffuse gliomas: Rare occurrence of intratumoral heterogeneity. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2023; 82:1044-1047. [PMID: 37812785 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlad081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Koleilat
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Vijay Kumar
- Department of Pathology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Youssef Al Hmada
- Department of Pathology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Dragana Milosevic
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Gang Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Maria Beatriz Lopes
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia Health, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Cristiane M Ida
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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McKinney AM, Mathur R, Stevers NO, Molinaro AM, Chang SM, Phillips JJ, Costello JF. GABP couples oncogene signaling to telomere regulation in TERT promoter mutant cancer. Cell Rep 2022; 40:111344. [PMID: 36130485 PMCID: PMC9534059 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Telomerase activation counteracts senescence and telomere erosion caused by uncontrolled proliferation. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) amplification drives proliferation while telomerase reverse transcriptase promoter (TERTp) mutations underlie telomerase reactivation through recruitment of GA-binding protein (GABP). EGFR amplification and TERTp mutations typically co-occur in glioblastoma, the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor. To determine if these two frequent alterations driving proliferation and immortality are functionally connected, we combine analyses of copy number, mRNA, and protein data from tumor tissue with pharmacologic and genetic perturbations. We demonstrate that proliferation arrest decreases TERT expression in a GABP-dependent manner and elucidate a critical proliferation-to-immortality pathway from EGFR to TERT expression selectively from the mutant TERTp through activation of AMP-mediated kinase (AMPK) and GABP upregulation. EGFR-AMPK signaling promotes telomerase activity and maintains telomere length. These results define how the tumor cell immortality mechanism keeps pace with persistent oncogene signaling and cell cycling. TERT promoter mutations are common in human cancer and confer cellular immortality. McKinney et al. describe the interaction between TERT promoter mutations, EGFR amplification, and the cell cycle in glioblastoma. The results demonstrate how proliferation drivers cooperate with telomere maintenance mechanisms to counteract telomere shortening caused by unlimited cell division.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M McKinney
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Radhika Mathur
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Nicholas O Stevers
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Annette M Molinaro
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Susan M Chang
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Joanna J Phillips
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Joseph F Costello
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
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