1
|
Iloki Assanga SB, Lewis Luján LM, McCarty MF. Targeting beta-catenin signaling for prevention of colorectal cancer - Nutraceutical, drug, and dietary options. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 956:175898. [PMID: 37481200 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Progressive up-regulation of β-catenin signaling is very common in the transformation of colorectal epithelium to colorectal cancer (CRC). Practical measures for opposing such signaling hence have potential for preventing or slowing such transformation. cAMP/PKA activity in colon epithelium, as stimulated by COX-2-generated prostaglandins and β2-adrenergic signaling, boosts β-catenin activity, whereas cGMP/PKG signaling has the opposite effect. Bacterial generation of short-chain fatty acids (as supported by unrefined high-carbohydrate diets, berberine, and probiotics), dietary calcium, daily aspirin, antioxidants opposing cox-2 induction, and nicotine avoidance, can suppress cAMP production in colonic epithelium, whereas cGMP can be boosted via linaclotides, PDE5 inhibitors such as sildenafil or icariin, and likely high-dose biotin. Selective activation of estrogen receptor-β by soy isoflavones, support of adequate vitamin D receptor activity with UV exposure or supplemental vitamin D, and inhibition of CK2 activity with flavanols such as quercetin, can also oppose β-catenin signaling in colorectal epithelium. Secondary bile acids, the colonic production of which can be diminished by low-fat diets and berberine, can up-regulate β-catenin activity by down-regulating farnesoid X receptor expression. Stimulation of PI3K/Akt via insulin, IGF-I, TLR4, and EGFR receptors boosts β-catenin levels via inhibition of glycogen synthase-3β; plant-based diets can down-regulate insulin and IGF-I levels, exercise training and leanness can keep insulin low, anthocyanins and their key metabolite ferulic acid have potential for opposing TLR4 signaling, and silibinin is a direct antagonist for EGFR. Partially hydrolyzed phytate can oppose growth factor-mediated down-regulation of β-catenin by inhibiting Akt activation. Multifactorial strategies for safely opposing β-catenin signaling can be complemented with measures that diminish colonic mutagenesis and DNA hypomethylation - such as avoidance of heme-rich meat and charred or processed meats, consumption of phase II-inductive foods and nutraceuticals (e.g., Crucifera), and assurance of adequate folate status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Bernard Iloki Assanga
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad de Sonora, Blvd Luis Encinas y Rosales S/N Col. Centro, Hermosillo, Sonora, C.P. 83000, Mexico.
| | - Lidianys María Lewis Luján
- Technological Institute of Hermosillo (ITH), Ave. Tecnológico y Periférico Poniente S/N, Col. Sahuaro, Hermosillo, Sonora, C.P. 83170, México.
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu H, Zhang Z, Li J, Liu W, Warda M, Cui B, Abd El-Aty AM. Oligosaccharides derived from Lycium barbarum ameliorate glycolipid metabolism and modulate the gut microbiota community and the faecal metabolites in a type 2 diabetes mouse model: metabolomic bioinformatic analysis. Food Funct 2022; 13:5416-5429. [PMID: 35475434 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo02667d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we assessed the effects of Lycium barbarum oligosaccharides (LBO) on the intestinal microenvironment of a type 2 diabetes (T2D) mouse model through gut microbiome and metabolomics analysis. We set high (300 mg kg-1), medium (200 mg kg-1), and low (100 mg kg-1) doses of LBO for intervention once a day for 4 weeks. The results showed that the intervention effect of the medium-dose group was the most significant. It reduced the symptoms of hyperglycemia, inflammation, insulin resistance, and lipid accumulation in the T2D mouse model. It restored the structure of damaged tissues and cells, such as the pancreas, liver, and kidneys. LBO increased the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria, such as Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, Prevotella, and Akkermansia, and maintained intestinal barrier integrity. The faecal metabolic map showed that the contents of glycogen amino acids, such as proline, serine, and leucine, increased. The contents of cholic, capric, and dodecanoic acid decreased. In summary, we may suggest that LBO can be used as a prebiotic for treating T2D.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250353, China. .,School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250353, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250353, China. .,School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250353, China
| | - Jianpeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250353, China. .,School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250353, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Yucheng People's Hospital, Dezhou, 251200, China
| | - Mohamad Warda
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza-12211, Egypt
| | - Bo Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250353, China. .,School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250353, China
| | - A M Abd El-Aty
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250353, China. .,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza-12211, Egypt.,Department of Medical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wauters L, Ceulemans M, Schol J, Farré R, Tack J, Vanuytsel T. The Role of Leaky Gut in Functional Dyspepsia. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:851012. [PMID: 35422683 PMCID: PMC9002356 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.851012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with functional dyspepsia (FD) complain of epigastric symptoms with no identifiable cause. Increased intestinal permeability has been described in these patients, especially in the proximal small bowel or duodenum, and was associated with mucosal immune activation and symptoms. In this review, we discuss duodenal barrier function, including techniques currently applied in FD research. We summarize the available data on duodenal permeability in FD and factors associated to increased permeability, including mucosal eosinophils, mast cells, luminal and systemic factors. While the increased influx of antigens into the duodenal mucosa could result in local immune activation, clinical evidence for a causal role of permeability is lacking in the absence of specific barrier-protective treatments. As both existing and novel treatments, including proton pump inhibitors (PPI) and pre- or probiotics may impact duodenal barrier function, it is important to recognize and study these alterations to improve the knowledge and management of FD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Wauters
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- *Correspondence: Lucas Wauters,
| | - Matthias Ceulemans
- Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jolien Schol
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ricard Farré
- Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Tack
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tim Vanuytsel
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Keely SJ, Urso A, Ilyaskin AV, Korbmacher C, Bunnett NW, Poole DP, Carbone SE. Contributions of bile acids to gastrointestinal physiology as receptor agonists and modifiers of ion channels. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2022; 322:G201-G222. [PMID: 34755536 PMCID: PMC8782647 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00125.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Bile acids (BAs) are known to be important regulators of intestinal motility and epithelial fluid and electrolyte transport. Over the past two decades, significant advances in identifying and characterizing the receptors, transporters, and ion channels targeted by BAs have led to exciting new insights into the molecular mechanisms involved in these processes. Our appreciation of BAs, their receptors, and BA-modulated ion channels as potential targets for the development of new approaches to treat intestinal motility and transport disorders is increasing. In the current review, we aim to summarize recent advances in our knowledge of the different BA receptors and BA-modulated ion channels present in the gastrointestinal system. We discuss how they regulate motility and epithelial transport, their roles in pathogenesis, and their therapeutic potential in a range of gastrointestinal diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J Keely
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Andreacarola Urso
- Department of Surgery, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York
- Department of Pharmacology, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Alexandr V Ilyaskin
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Bavaria, Germany
| | - Christoph Korbmacher
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Bavaria, Germany
| | - Nigel W Bunnett
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, Neuroscience Institute, New York University, New York, New York
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, Neuroscience Institute, New York University, New York, New York
| | - Daniel P Poole
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Research Council, Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Simona E Carbone
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Research Council, Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Boutte HJ, Chen J, Wylie TN, Wylie KM, Xie Y, Geisman M, Prabu A, Gazit V, Tarr PI, Levin MS, Warner BW, Davidson NO, Rubin DC. Fecal microbiome and bile acid metabolome in adult short bowel syndrome. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2022; 322:G154-G168. [PMID: 34816756 PMCID: PMC8793869 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00091.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Loss of functional small bowel surface area causes short bowel syndrome (SBS), intestinal failure, and parenteral nutrition (PN) dependence. The gut adaptive response following resection may be difficult to predict, and it may take up to 2 yr to determine which patients will wean from PN. Here, we examined features of gut microbiota and bile acid (BA) metabolism in determining adaptation and ability to wean from PN. Stool and sera were collected from healthy controls and from patients with SBS (n = 52) with ileostomy, jejunostomy, ileocolonic, and jejunocolonic anastomoses fed with PN plus enteral nutrition or who were exclusively enterally fed. We undertook 16S rRNA gene sequencing, BA profiling, and 7α-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one (C4) quantitation with LC-MS/MS and serum amino acid analyses. Patients with SBS exhibited altered gut microbiota with reduced gut microbial diversity compared with healthy controls. We observed differences in the microbiomes of patients with SBS with ileostomy versus jejunostomy, jejunocolonic versus ileocolonic anastomoses, and PN dependence compared with those who weaned from PN. Stool and serum BA composition and C4 concentrations were also altered in patients with SBS, reflecting adaptive changes in enterohepatic BA cycling. Stools from patients who were weaned from PN were enriched in secondary BAs including deoxycholic acid and lithocholic aicd. Shifts in gut microbiota and BA metabolites may generate a favorable luminal environment in select patients with SBS, promoting the ability to wean from PN. Proadaptive microbial species and select BA may provide novel targets for patient-specific therapies for SBS.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Loss of intestinal surface area causes short bowel syndrome, intestinal failure, and parenteral nutrition dependence. We analyzed the gut microbiota and bile acid metabolome of a large cohort of short bowel syndrome adult patients with different postsurgical anatomies. We report a novel analysis of the microbiome of patients with ileostomy and jejunostomy. Enrichment of specific microbial and bile acid species may be associated with the ability to wean from parenteral nutrition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harold J. Boutte
- 1Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Jacqueline Chen
- 1Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Todd N. Wylie
- 2Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri,3McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Kristine M. Wylie
- 2Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri,3McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Yan Xie
- 1Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Mackenzie Geisman
- 1Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Anirudh Prabu
- 1Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Vered Gazit
- 1Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Phillip I. Tarr
- 2Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri,4Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Marc S. Levin
- 1Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri,7Veterans Administration Saint Louis Health Care System, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Brad W. Warner
- 5Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Nicholas O. Davidson
- 1Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri,6Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Deborah C. Rubin
- 1Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri,6Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wauters L, Ceulemans M, Lambaerts M, Accarie A, Toth J, Mols R, Augustijns P, Tack J, Vanuytsel T. Association between duodenal bile salts and gastric emptying in patients with functional dyspepsia. Gut 2021; 70:2208-2210. [PMID: 33239340 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-323598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Wauters
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), Department of Chronic Diseases Metabolism and Ageing (ChroMetA), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Matthias Ceulemans
- Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), Department of Chronic Diseases Metabolism and Ageing (ChroMetA), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maarten Lambaerts
- Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), Department of Chronic Diseases Metabolism and Ageing (ChroMetA), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Alison Accarie
- Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), Department of Chronic Diseases Metabolism and Ageing (ChroMetA), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Joran Toth
- Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), Department of Chronic Diseases Metabolism and Ageing (ChroMetA), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Raf Mols
- Drug Delivery and Disposition, KU Leuven, Leuven, Flanders, Belgium
| | | | - Jan Tack
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), Department of Chronic Diseases Metabolism and Ageing (ChroMetA), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tim Vanuytsel
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium .,Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), Department of Chronic Diseases Metabolism and Ageing (ChroMetA), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang ZM, Chen MJ, Zou JF, Jiang S, Shang EX, Qian DW, Duan JA. UPLC-Q-TOF/MS based fecal metabolomics reveals the potential anti-diabetic effect of Xiexin Decoction on T2DM rats. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2021; 1173:122683. [PMID: 33857887 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2021.122683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Xiexin Decoction (XXD), a traditional Chinese medicine prescription composed of Rhei rhizome (RR), Scutellaria radix (SR) and Coptidis rhizome (CR), has been used to cure diabetes in clinical practices for thousands of years, but its mechanism is not clear. Our previous study indicated that XXD could significantly ameliorate the symptom of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rats by shifting the composition of gut microbiota. However, the effect of XXD on the metabolic activity of gut microbiota is not clarified. In this study, the underlying mechanism of XXD on the amelioration of T2DM was explored by fecal metabolic profiling analysis based on ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-fight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS). The disordered metabolic profiles in T2DM rats were notably improved by XXD. Ten potential biomarkers, which were mainly involved in arachidonic acid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, bile acid metabolism, glycolysis and gluconeogenesis, were identified. Furthermore, these metabolites were closely related to SCFAs-producing and anti-inflammatory gut microflora. After XXD intervention, these biomarkers restored to the normal level at some extent. This study not only revealed potential biomarkers and related pathways in T2DM rats affected by XXD, but also provided a novel insight to uncover how traditional herb medicines worked from fecal metabolomics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Miao Zhang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Meng-Jun Chen
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Jun-Feng Zou
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Shu Jiang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
| | - Er-Xin Shang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Da-Wei Qian
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Jin-Ao Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Pangeni R, Subedi L, Jha SK, Kweon S, Kang SH, Chang KY, Choi JU, Byun Y, Park JW. Improvements in the Oral Absorption and Anticancer Efficacy of an Oxaliplatin-Loaded Solid Formulation: Pharmacokinetic Properties in Rats and Nonhuman Primates and the Effects of Oral Metronomic Dosing on Colorectal Cancer. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:7719-7743. [PMID: 33116497 PMCID: PMC7555381 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s267424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The anticancer efficacy of orally administered chemotherapeutics is often constrained by low intestinal membrane permeability and oral bioavailability. In this context, we designed a solid oral formulation of oxaliplatin (OP), a third-generation cisplatin analog, to improve oral bioavailability and investigate its application in metronomic chemotherapy. Methods An ion-pairing complex of OP with a permeation enhancer, Nα-deoxycholyl-l-lysyl-methylester (DLM), was successfully prepared and then mixed with dispersing agents (including poloxamer 188 and Labrasol) to form the solid, amorphous oral formulation OP/DLM (OP/DLM-SF; hereafter, ODSF). Results The optimized powder formulation was sized in the nanoscale range (133±1.47 nm). The effective permeability of OP increased by 12.4-fold after ionic complex formation with DLM and was further increased by 24.0-fold after incorporation into ODSF. ODSF exhibited respective increases of 128% and 1010% in apparent permeability across a Caco-2 monolayer, compared to OP/DLM and OP. Furthermore, inhibition of bile acid transporters by actinomycin D and caveola-mediated uptake by brefeldin in Caco-2 cell monolayers reduced the apparent permeability values of ODSF by 58.4% and 51.1%, respectively, suggesting predominant roles for bile acid transporters and caveola-mediated transport in intestinal absorption of ODSF. In addition, macropinocytosis and paracellular and transcellular passive transport significantly influenced the intestinal permeation of ODSF. The oral bioavailabilities of ODSF in rats and monkeys were 68.2% and 277% higher, respectively, than the oral bioavailability of free OP. In vivo analyses of anticancer efficacy in CT26 and HCT116 cell-bearing mice treated with ODSF demonstrated significant suppression of tumor growth, with respective maximal tumor volume reductions of 7.77-fold and 4.07-fold, compared to controls. Conclusion ODSF exhibits therapeutic potential, constituting an effective delivery system that increases oral bioavailability, with applications to metronomic chemotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rudra Pangeni
- College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Muan-gun, Jeonnam, 58554, Republic of Korea
| | - Laxman Subedi
- Department of Biomedicine, Health & Life Convergence Sciences, BK21 Four, Mokpo National University, Muan-gun, Jeonnam, 58554, Republic of Korea
| | - Saurav Kumar Jha
- Department of Biomedicine, Health & Life Convergence Sciences, BK21 Four, Mokpo National University, Muan-gun, Jeonnam, 58554, Republic of Korea
| | - Seho Kweon
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Science, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo-Hee Kang
- Global R&D Center, IcureBNP, Seoul 08511, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Jeong Uk Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngro Byun
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Science, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Woo Park
- College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Muan-gun, Jeonnam, 58554, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedicine, Health & Life Convergence Sciences, BK21 Four, Mokpo National University, Muan-gun, Jeonnam, 58554, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis in Functional Dyspepsia. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8050691. [PMID: 32397332 PMCID: PMC7285034 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8050691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional dyspepsia (FD) is one of the most prevalent chronic functional gastrointestinal disorders. Several distinct pathophysiological mechanisms, including gastro duodenal motor disorders, visceral hypersensitivity, brain-gut interactions, duodenal subtle inflammation, and genetic susceptibility, have been implicated in the pathogenesis of the disease, so far. However, emerging evidence suggests that both quantitative and qualitative disturbances of the gastrointestinal microbiota may also be implicated. In this context, several studies have demonstrated differences of the commensal bacterial community between patients with FD and healthy controls, while others have shown that intestinal dysbiosis might associate with disease’s symptoms severity. Elucidating these complex interactions constituting the microbiota and host crosstalk, may eventually lead to the discovery of novel, targeted therapeutic approaches that may be efficacious in treating the multiple aspects of the disorder. In this review, we summarize the data of the latest research with focus on the association between gut microbiota alterations and host regarding the pathogenesis of FD.
Collapse
|
10
|
Choi JU, Maharjan R, Pangeni R, Jha SK, Lee NK, Kweon S, Lee HK, Chang KY, Choi YK, Park JW, Byun Y. Modulating tumor immunity by metronomic dosing of oxaliplatin incorporated in multiple oral nanoemulsion. J Control Release 2020; 322:13-30. [PMID: 32169534 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a system for oral delivery of oxaliplatin (OXA) was prepared for metronomic chemotherapy to enhance antitumor efficacy and modulate tumor immunity. OXA was complexed with Nα-deoxycholyl-l-lysyl-methylester (DCK) (OXA/DCK) and formulated as a nanoemulsion (OXA/DCK-NE). OXA/DCK-NE showed 3.35-fold increased permeability across a Caco-2 cell monolayer, resulting in 1.73-fold higher oral bioavailability than free OXA. In addition, treatment of the B16F10.OVA cell line with OXA/DCK-NE resulted in successful upregulation of immunogenic cell death (ICD) markers both in vitro and in vivo. In a B16F10.OVA tumor-bearing mouse model, treatment with OXA/DCK-NE substantially impeded tumor growth by 63.9 ± 13.3% compared to the control group, which was also greater than the intravenous (IV) OXA group. Moreover, treatment with a combination of oral OXA/DCK-NE and anti-programmed cell death protein-1 (αPD-1) antibody resulted in 78.3 ± 9.67% greater inhibition compared to controls. More important, OXA/DCK-NE alone had immunomodulatory effects, such as enhancement of tumor antigen uptake, activation of dendritic cells in tumor-draining lymph nodes, and augmentation of both the population and function of immune effector cells in tumor tissue as well as in the spleen; no such effects were seen in the OXA IV group. These observations provide a rationale for combining oral metronomic OXA with immunotherapy to elicit synergistic antitumor effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Uk Choi
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ruby Maharjan
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Rudra Pangeni
- College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Muan-gun, Jeonnam 58554, Republic of Korea
| | - Saurav Kumar Jha
- College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Muan-gun, Jeonnam 58554, Republic of Korea
| | - Na Kyeong Lee
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seho Kweon
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Science, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha Kyeong Lee
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Science, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | - Jin Woo Park
- College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Muan-gun, Jeonnam 58554, Republic of Korea.
| | - Youngro Byun
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Science, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Pangeni R, Jha SK, Maharjan R, Choi JU, Chang KY, Choi YK, Byun Y, Park JW. Intestinal transport mechanism and in vivo anticancer efficacy of a solid oral formulation incorporating an ion-pairing complex of pemetrexed with deoxycholic acid derivative. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:6339-6356. [PMID: 31496690 PMCID: PMC6690926 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s209722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The rational combination of immunotherapy with standard chemotherapy shows synergistic clinical activities in cancer treatment. In the present study, an oral powder formulation of pemetrexed (PMX) was developed to enhance intestinal membrane permeability and investigate its application in metronomic chemotherapy in combination with immunotherapy. Methods PMX was ionically complexed with a bile acid derivative (Nα-deoxycholyl-l-lysyl-methylester; DCK) as a permeation enhancer and mixed with dispersing agents, such as poloxamer 188 (P188) and Labrasol, to form an amorphous oral powder formulation of PMX/DCK (PMX/DCK-OP). Results The apparent permeability (Papp) of PMX/DCK-OP across a Caco-2 cell monolayer was 2.46- and 8.26-fold greater than that of PMX/DCK and free PMX, respectively, which may have been due to the specific interaction of DCK with bile acid transporters, as well as the alteration of membrane fluidity due to Labrasol and P188. Furthermore, inhibition of bile acid transporters by actinomycin D in Caco-2 cell monolayers decreased the Papp of PMX/DCK-OP by 75.4%, suggesting a predominant role of bile acid transporters in the intestinal absorption of PMX/DCK-OP. In addition, caveola/lipid raft-dependent endocytosis, macropinocytosis, passive diffusion, and paracellular transport mechanisms significantly influenced the permeation of PMX/DCK-OP through the intestinal membrane. Therefore, the oral bioavailability of PMX/DCK-OP in rats was 19.8%±6.93%, which was 294% higher than that of oral PMX. Moreover, an in vivo anticancer efficacy study in B16F10 cell-bearing mice treated with a combination of oral PMX/DCK-OP and intraperitoneal anti-PD1 exhibited significant suppression of tumor growth, and the tumor volume was maximally inhibited by 2.03- and 3.16-fold compared to the oral PMX/DCK-OP and control groups, respectively. Conclusion These findings indicated the therapeutic potential of a combination of low-dose oral chemotherapy and immunotherapy for synergistic anticancer efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rudra Pangeni
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 58554, Republic of Korea
| | - Saurav Kumar Jha
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 58554, Republic of Korea
| | - Ruby Maharjan
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Uk Choi
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | - Youngro Byun
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Science, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Woo Park
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 58554, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Shin A, Preidis GA, Shulman R, Kashyap PC. The Gut Microbiome in Adult and Pediatric Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019; 17:256-274. [PMID: 30153517 PMCID: PMC6314902 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2018.08.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The importance of gut microbiota in gastrointestinal (GI) physiology was well described, but our ability to study gut microbial ecosystems in their entirety was limited by culture-based methods prior to the sequencing revolution. The advent of high-throughput sequencing opened new avenues, allowing us to study gut microbial communities as an aggregate, independent of our ability to culture individual microbes. Early studies focused on association of changes in gut microbiota with different disease states, which was necessary to identify a potential role for microbes and generate novel hypotheses. Over the past few years the field has moved beyond associations to better understand the mechanistic implications of the microbiome in the pathophysiology of complex diseases. This movement also has resulted in a shift in our focus toward therapeutic strategies, which rely on better understanding the mediators of gut microbiota-host cross-talk. It is not surprising the gut microbiome has been implicated in the pathogenesis of functional gastrointestinal disorders given its role in modulating physiological processes such as immune development, GI motility and secretion, epithelial barrier integrity, and brain-gut communication. In this review, we focus on the current state of knowledge and future directions in microbiome research as it pertains to functional gastrointestinal disorders. We summarize the factors that help shape the gut microbiome in human beings. We discuss data from animal models and human studies to highlight existing paradigms regarding the mechanisms underlying microbiota-mediated alterations in physiological processes and their relevance in human interventions. While translation of microbiome science is still in its infancy, the outlook is optimistic and we are advancing in the right direction toward precise mechanism-based microbiota therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Shin
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Geoffrey A Preidis
- Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas
| | - Robert Shulman
- Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas
| | - Purna C Kashyap
- Enteric Neuroscience Program, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Preparation, Characterization, and In Vivo Evaluation of an Oral Multiple Nanoemulsive System for Co-Delivery of Pemetrexed and Quercetin. Pharmaceutics 2018; 10:pharmaceutics10030158. [PMID: 30213140 PMCID: PMC6161295 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics10030158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Co-administration of conventional and natural chemotherapeutics offers synergistic anticancer efficacy while minimizing adverse effects. In this study, an oral co-delivery system for pemetrexed (PMX) and quercetin (QCN) was designed based on water-in-oil-in-water nanoemulsion (NE), which is highly absorbable because it enhances the intestinal membrane permeability of PMX and aqueous solubility of QCN. To create this system, an ion-pairing complex of PMX with Nα-deoxycholyl-l-lysyl-methylester (DCK) was formed and further incorporated with QCN into the NE, yielding PMX/DCK-QCN-NE. The results revealed synergistic inhibitory effects on human lung carcinoma (A549) cell proliferation and migration after combined treatment with PMX/DCK and QCN. The intestinal membrane permeability and cellular uptake of PMX/DCK and QCN from the NE were significantly improved via facilitated transport of PMX by the interaction of DCK with bile acid transporters, as well as NE formulation-mediated alterations in the membrane structure and fluidity, which resulted in 4.51- and 23.9-fold greater oral bioavailability of PMX and QCN, respectively, than each free drug. Tumor growth in A549 cell-bearing mice was also maximally suppressed by 62.7% after daily oral administration of PMX/DCK-QCN-NE compared with controls. Thus, PMX/DCK-QCN-NE is a promising oral nanocarrier of PMX and QCN for synergistic anticancer efficacy and long-term chemotherapy.
Collapse
|
14
|
Pangeni R, Choi JU, Panthi VK, Byun Y, Park JW. Enhanced oral absorption of pemetrexed by ion-pairing complex formation with deoxycholic acid derivative and multiple nanoemulsion formulations: preparation, characterization, and in vivo oral bioavailability and anticancer effect. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:3329-3351. [PMID: 29922055 PMCID: PMC5995301 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s167958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The current study sought to design an oral delivery system of pemetrexed (PMX), a multitargeted antifolate antimetabolite, by enhancing its intestinal membrane permeability. Materials and methods PMX was ionically complexed with a permeation enhancer such as Nα-deoxycholyl-l-lysyl-methylester (DCK) and prepared as an amorphous solid dispersion by mixing with dispersants such as 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HP-beta-CD) and poloxamer 188 (P188), forming an HP-beta-CD/PMX/DCK/P188; the complex was incorporated into multiple water-in-oil-in-water nanoemulsions in a supersaturated state (HP-beta-CD/PMX/DCK/P188-NE). Results After complex formation, the partition coefficient and in vitro membrane permeability of PMX were markedly increased, but it showed similar cytotoxic and inhibitory effects on cancer cell proliferation/migration. Furthermore, the intestinal membrane permeability and epithelial cell uptake of PMX were synergistically improved after HP-beta-CD/PMX/DCK/P188 was incorporated into a nanoemulsion with a size of 14.5±0.45 nm. The in vitro permeability of HP-beta-CD/PMX/DCK/P188-NE across a Caco-2 cell monolayer was 9.82-fold greater than that of free PMX, which might be attributable to the partitioning of PMX to the epithelial cells being facilitated via specific interaction of DCK with bile acid transporters, as well as the enhanced lipophilicity accompanied by surfactant-induced changes in the intestinal membrane structure and fluidity. Therefore, the oral bioavailability of HP-beta-CD/PMX/DCK/P188-NE in rats was evaluated as 26.8%±2.98% which was 223% higher than that of oral PMX. Moreover, oral HP-beta-CD/PMX/DCK/P188-NE significantly suppressed tumor growth in Lewis lung carcinoma cell-bearing mice, and the tumor volume was maximally inhibited by 61% compared with that in the control group. Conclusion These results imply that HP-beta-CD/PMX/DCK/P188-NE is an effective and promising delivery system for enhancing the oral absorption of PMX. Thus, there is the potential for new medical applications, including applications in metronomic cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rudra Pangeni
- College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Muan-gun, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Uk Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Vijay Kumar Panthi
- College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Muan-gun, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngro Byun
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Science, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Woo Park
- College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Muan-gun, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhou Y, Men L, Pi Z, Wei M, Song F, Zhao C, Liu Z. Fecal Metabolomics of Type 2 Diabetic Rats and Treatment with Gardenia jasminoides Ellis Based on Mass Spectrometry Technique. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:1591-1599. [PMID: 29363305 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b06082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Modern studies have indicated Gardenia jasminoides Ellis (G. jasminoides) showed positive effect in treating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In this study, 60 streptozotocin-induced T2DM rats were divided into four groups: type 2 diabetes control group, geniposide-treated group, total iridoid glycosides-treated group, and crude extraction of gardenlae fructus-treated group. The other ten healthy rats were the healthy control group. During 12 weeks of treatment, rat's feces samples were collected for the metabolomics study based on mass spectrometry technique. On the basis of the fecal metabolomics method, 19 potential biomarkers were screened and their relative intensities in each group were compared. The results revealed G. jasminoides mainly regulated dysfunctions in phenylalanine metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, and secondary bile acid biosynthesis pathways induced by diabetes. The current study provides new insight for metabonomics methodology toward T2DM, and the results show that feces can preferably reflect the liver and intestines disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University , Changchun 130012, China
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Lihui Men
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University , Changchun 130012, China
| | - Zifeng Pi
- National Center for Mass Spectrometry in Changchun & Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022, China
| | - Mengying Wei
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University , Changchun 130012, China
| | - Fengrui Song
- National Center for Mass Spectrometry in Changchun & Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022, China
| | - Chunfang Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University , Changchun 130012, China
| | - Zhiqiang Liu
- National Center for Mass Spectrometry in Changchun & Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Pangeni R, Choi SW, Jeon OC, Byun Y, Park JW. Multiple nanoemulsion system for an oral combinational delivery of oxaliplatin and 5-fluorouracil: preparation and in vivo evaluation. Int J Nanomedicine 2016; 11:6379-6399. [PMID: 27942212 PMCID: PMC5138023 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s121114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxaliplatin (OXA) is a third-generation cisplatin analog that has been approved as first-line chemotherapy in combination with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) for the treatment of resectable and advanced colorectal cancer. However, the therapeutic efficacy of oral OXA and 5-FU is limited by their low bioavailability due to poor membrane permeability. The aim of the present study was to develop an oral delivery system for OXA and 5-FU. We constructed an ion-pairing complex of OXA with a deoxycholic acid derivative (Nα-deoxycholyl-l-lysyl-methylester, DCK) (OXA/DCK) as a permeation enhancer. Next, we prepared multiple water-in-oil-in-water nanoemulsions incorporating OXA/DCK and 5-FU to enhance their oral absorption. To evaluate their membrane permeability, we assessed in vitro permeabilities of OXA/DCK and 5-FU through an artificial intestinal membrane and Caco-2 cell monolayer. Finally, oral bioavailability in rats and tumor growth inhibition in the colorectal adenocarcinoma cell (CT26)-bearing mouse model were investigated after oral administration of nanoemulsion containing OXA/DCK and 5-FU. The droplet size of the optimized nanoemulsion was 20.3±0.22 nm with a zeta potential of −4.65±1.68 mV. In vitro permeabilities of OXA/DCK and 5-FU from the nanoemulsion through a Caco-2 cell monolayer were 4.80- and 4.30-fold greater than those of OXA and 5-FU, respectively. The oral absorption of OXA/DCK and 5-FU from the nanoemulsion also increased significantly, and the resulting oral bioavailability values of OXA/DCK and 5-FU in the nanoemulsive system were 9.19- and 1.39-fold higher than those of free OXA and 5-FU, respectively. Furthermore, tumor growth in CT26 tumor-bearing mice given the oral OXA/DCK- and 5-FU-loaded nanoemulsion was maximally inhibited by 73.9%, 48.5%, and 38.1%, compared with tumor volumes in the control group and the oral OXA and 5-FU groups, respectively. These findings demonstrate the therapeutic potential of a nanoemulsion incorporating OXA/DCK and 5-FU as an oral combination therapy for colorectal cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rudra Pangeni
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Muan-gun
| | - Sang Won Choi
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Muan-gun
| | - Ok-Cheol Jeon
- Pharosgen R&D Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences
| | - Youngro Byun
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Science, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Woo Park
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Muan-gun
| |
Collapse
|