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Abstract
Photorespiration results in a large amount of leaf photosynthesis consumption. However, there are few studies on the response of photorespiration to multi-factors. In this study, a machine learning model for the photorespiration rate of cucumber leaves’ response to multi-factors was established. It provides a theoretical basis for studies related to photorespiration. Machine learning models of different methods were designed and compared. The photorespiration rate was expressed as the difference between the photosynthetic rate at 2% O2 and 21% O2 concentrations. The results show that the XGBoost models had the best fit performance with an explained variance score of 0.970 for both photosynthetic rate datasets measured using air and 2% O2, with mean absolute errors of 0.327 and 0.181, root mean square errors of 1.607 and 1.469, respectively, and coefficients of determination of 0.970 for both. In addition, this study indicates the importance of the features of temperature, humidity and the physiological status of the leaves for predicted results of photorespiration. The model established in this study performed well, with high accuracy and generalization ability. As a preferable exploration of the research on photorespiration rate simulation, it has theoretical significance and application prospects.
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Huang S, Li L, Petereit J, Millar AH. Protein turnover rates in plant mitochondria. Mitochondrion 2020; 53:57-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2020.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Reinholdt O, Bauwe H, Hagemann M, Timm S. Redox-regulation of mitochondrial metabolism through thioredoxin o1 facilitates light induction of photosynthesis. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2019; 14:1674607. [PMID: 31589099 PMCID: PMC6866678 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2019.1674607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Despite the well-known biochemistry of the major pathways involved in central carbon and amino acid metabolism, there are still gaps regarding their regulation or regulatory interactions. Recent research demonstrated the physiological significance of the mitochondrial redox machinery, particularly thioredoxin o1 (TRXo1), for proper regulation of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, components of the mitochondrial electron transport chain and photorespiration. These findings imply that TRXo1 regulation contributes to the metabolic acclimation toward changes in the prevailing environmental conditions. Here, we analyzed if TRXo1 is involved in the light induction of photosynthesis. Our results show that the trxo1 mutant activates CO2 assimilation rates to a significantly lower extend than wild type in response to short-term light/dark changes. Metabolite analysis suggests that activation of glycine-to-serine conversion catalyzed through glycine decarboxylase in conjunction with serine hydroxymethyltransferase in trxo1 is slowed down at onset of illumination. We propose that redox regulation via TRXo1 is necessary to allow the rapid induction of mitochondrial steps of the photorespiratory cycle and, in turn, to facilitate light-induction of photosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ole Reinholdt
- Plant Physiology Department, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Hermann Bauwe
- Plant Physiology Department, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Martin Hagemann
- Plant Physiology Department, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Stefan Timm
- Plant Physiology Department, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
- CONTACT Stefan Timm Plant Physiology Department, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
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Faseela P, Puthur JT. The imprints of the high light and UV-B stresses in Oryza sativa L. 'Kanchana' seedlings are differentially modulated. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2017; 178:551-559. [PMID: 29253814 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2017.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
High light and ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B) are generally considered to have negative impact on photosynthesis and plant growth. The present study evaluates the tolerance potential of three cultivars of Oryza sativa L. (Kanchana, Mattatriveni and Harsha) seedlings towards high light and UV-B stress on the basis of photosynthetic pigment degradation, chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters and rate of lipid peroxidation, expressed by malondialdehyde content. Surprisingly, it was revealed that Kanchana was the most sensitive cultivar towards high light and at the same time it was the most tolerant cultivar towards UV-B stress. This contrasting feature of Kanchana towards high light and UV-B tolerance was further studied by analyzing photosystem (PS) I and II activity, mitochondrial activity, chlorophyll a fluorescence transient, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defense system. Due to the occurrence of more PS I and PSII damages, the inhibition of photochemical efficiency and emission of dissipated energy as heat or fluorescence per PSII reaction center was higher upon high light exposure than UV-B treatments in rice seedlings of Kanchana. The mitochondrial activity was also found to be drastically altered upon high light as compared to UV-B treatments. The UV-B induced accumulation of non-enzymatic antioxidants (proline, total phenolics, sugar and ascorbate) and enzymatic antioxidants (ascorbate peroxidase, guaiacol peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione reductase) in rice seedlings than those subjected to high light exposure afforded more efficient protection against UV-B radiation in rice seedlings. Our results proved that high tolerance of Kanchana towards UV-B than high light treatments, correlated linearly with the protected photosynthetic and mitochondrial machinery which was provided by upregulation of antioxidants particularly by total phenolics, ascorbate and ascorbate peroxidase in rice seedlings. Data presented in this study conclusively proved that rice cultivar Kanchana respond to different environmental signals independently and tolerance mechanisms to individual stress factors was also varied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parammal Faseela
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Division, Department of Botany, University of Calicut, Malappuram, Kerala 673635, India
| | - Jos T Puthur
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Division, Department of Botany, University of Calicut, Malappuram, Kerala 673635, India.
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Hodges M, Dellero Y, Keech O, Betti M, Raghavendra AS, Sage R, Zhu XG, Allen DK, Weber APM. Perspectives for a better understanding of the metabolic integration of photorespiration within a complex plant primary metabolism network. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2016; 67:3015-26. [PMID: 27053720 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Photorespiration is an essential high flux metabolic pathway that is found in all oxygen-producing photosynthetic organisms. It is often viewed as a closed metabolic repair pathway that serves to detoxify 2-phosphoglycolic acid and to recycle carbon to fuel the Calvin-Benson cycle. However, this view is too simplistic since the photorespiratory cycle is known to interact with several primary metabolic pathways, including photosynthesis, nitrate assimilation, amino acid metabolism, C1 metabolism and the Krebs (TCA) cycle. Here we will review recent advances in photorespiration research and discuss future priorities to better understand (i) the metabolic integration of the photorespiratory cycle within the complex network of plant primary metabolism and (ii) the importance of photorespiration in response to abiotic and biotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Hodges
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS, INRA, Université d'Evry, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Younès Dellero
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS, INRA, Université d'Evry, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Olivier Keech
- Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Umeå University, SE-90187 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Marco Betti
- Departamento de Bioquímica Vegetal y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, 141012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Agepati S Raghavendra
- School of Life Sciences, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Rowan Sage
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks Street, Toronto, ON M5S3B2, Canada
| | - Xin-Guang Zhu
- CAS-MPG Partner Institutes for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, CAS, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Doug K Allen
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Plant Genetics Research Unit, Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St Louis, MO 63132, USA
| | - Andreas P M Weber
- Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Science (CEPLAS), Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Universitätsstraße 1, and Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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Dinakar C, Vishwakarma A, Raghavendra AS, Padmasree K. Alternative Oxidase Pathway Optimizes Photosynthesis During Osmotic and Temperature Stress by Regulating Cellular ROS, Malate Valve and Antioxidative Systems. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:68. [PMID: 26904045 PMCID: PMC4747084 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2015] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The present study reveals the importance of alternative oxidase (AOX) pathway in optimizing photosynthesis under osmotic and temperature stress conditions in the mesophyll protoplasts of Pisum sativum. The responses of photosynthesis and respiration were monitored at saturating light intensity of 1000 μmoles m(-2) s(-1) at 25°C under a range of sorbitol concentrations from 0.4 to 1.0 M to induce hyper-osmotic stress and by varying the temperature of the thermo-jacketed pre-incubation chamber from 25 to 10°C to impose sub-optimal temperature stress. Compared to controls (0.4 M sorbitol and 25°C), the mesophyll protoplasts showed remarkable decrease in NaHCO3-dependent O2 evolution (indicator of photosynthetic carbon assimilation), under both hyper-osmotic (1.0 M sorbitol) and sub-optimal temperature stress conditions (10°C), while the decrease in rates of respiratory O2 uptake were marginal. The capacity of AOX pathway increased significantly in parallel to increase in intracellular pyruvate and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels under both hyper-osmotic stress and sub-optimal temperature stress under the background of saturating light. The ratio of redox couple (Malate/OAA) related to malate valve increased in contrast to the ratio of redox couple (GSH/GSSG) related to antioxidative system during hyper-osmotic stress. Further, the ratio of GSH/GSSG decreased in the presence of sub-optimal temperature, while the ratio of Malate/OAA showed no visible changes. Also, the redox ratios of pyridine nucleotides increased under hyper-osmotic (NADH/NAD) and sub-optimal temperature (NADPH/NADP) stresses, respectively. However, upon restriction of AOX pathway by using salicylhydroxamic acid (SHAM), the observed changes in NaHCO3-dependent O2 evolution, cellular ROS, redox ratios of Malate/OAA, NAD(P)H/NAD(P) and GSH/GSSG were further aggravated under stress conditions with concomitant modulations in NADP-MDH and antioxidant enzymes. Taken together, the results indicated the importance of AOX pathway in optimizing photosynthesis under both hyper-osmotic stress and sub-optimal temperatures. Regulation of ROS through redox couples related to malate valve and antioxidant system by AOX pathway to optimize photosynthesis under these stresses are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Challabathula Dinakar
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of HyderabadHyderabad, India
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Tamil NaduThiruvarur, India
| | - Abhaypratap Vishwakarma
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of HyderabadHyderabad, India
| | - Agepati S. Raghavendra
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of HyderabadHyderabad, India
| | - Kollipara Padmasree
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, University of HyderabadHyderabad, India
- *Correspondence: Kollipara Padmasree, ;
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Garmash EV, Grabelnych OI, Velegzhaninov IO, Borovik OA, Dalke IV, Voinikov VK, Golovko TK. Light regulation of mitochondrial alternative oxidase pathway during greening of etiolated wheat seedlings. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2015; 174:75-84. [PMID: 25462970 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2014.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Revised: 08/21/2014] [Accepted: 09/05/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This study deals with effects of de-etiolation (48h) of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L., var. Irgina) seedlings on differential expression of AOX1 genes, levels of AOX protein and the alternative respiratory pathway (AP) capacity. As a result of exposure to continuous irradiation of dark-grown wheat seedlings, the respiratory activity and AP capacity in leaves significantly increased during the first 6h of studies. Expression of AOX1a was up-regulated by light and proved consistent with changes in the AP capacity. Effects on expression of AOX1c were less pronounced. Immunoblot analysis showed three distinct bands of AOX with molecular weights of 34, 36 and 38kDa, with no significant changes in the relative levels during de-etiolation. The lack of a clear correlation between AOX protein amount, AOX1a expression, and AP capacity suggests post-translational control of the enzyme activation. The AOX1a suppression and a decrease in the AP capacity correlated with the sugar pool depletion after 24h of the de-etiolation, which may mean a possible substrate dependence of the AOX activity in the green cells. More efficient malate oxidation by mitochondria as well as the higher AOX capacity during the first 6h of de-etiolation was detected, whereas respiration and AOX capacity with exogenous NADH and glycine increased after 6 and 24h, respectively. We conclude that AOX plays an important role during development of an actively photosynthesizing cell, and can rapidly adapt to changes in metabolism and photosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena V Garmash
- Institute of Biology, Komi Science Centre, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Kommunisticheskaya Str., 167982 Syktyvkar, Russia.
| | - Olga I Grabelnych
- Siberian Institute of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 132 Lermontov Str., 664033 Irkutsk, Russia
| | - Iliya O Velegzhaninov
- Institute of Biology, Komi Science Centre, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Kommunisticheskaya Str., 167982 Syktyvkar, Russia
| | - Olga A Borovik
- Siberian Institute of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 132 Lermontov Str., 664033 Irkutsk, Russia
| | - Igor V Dalke
- Institute of Biology, Komi Science Centre, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Kommunisticheskaya Str., 167982 Syktyvkar, Russia
| | - Victor K Voinikov
- Siberian Institute of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 132 Lermontov Str., 664033 Irkutsk, Russia
| | - Tamara K Golovko
- Institute of Biology, Komi Science Centre, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Kommunisticheskaya Str., 167982 Syktyvkar, Russia
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