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Sakr F, Haddad C, Zeenny RM, Sacre H, Akel M, Iskandar K, Hajj A, Salameh P. Work Ethics and Ethical Attitudes among Healthcare Professionals: The Role of Leadership Skills in Determining Ethics Construct and Professional Behaviors. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10081399. [PMID: 35893220 PMCID: PMC9332812 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10081399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The provision of healthcare is transforming, necessitating changes in descriptions and frameworks for ethical leadership. This study aimed to assess the association of the different leadership skills with the work ethical constructs and attitudes among healthcare professionals. (2) Methods: A cross-sectional study design using a snowball sampling technique was used to enroll healthcare practitioners. The questionnaire used in this study included two parts: the first part gathered the sociodemographic characteristics of the participants, while the second part consisted of three validated assessment scales, i.e., work ethics, ethical attitudes questionnaire for public health professionals, and leadership skills questionnaire. (3) Results: Higher work ethics and a higher intrinsic work motivation subscale were significantly associated with high leadership administrative skills (Beta = 6.04, p = 0.019, and Beta = 2.55, p < 0.001, respectively). However, higher leadership conceptual skills (Beta = −1.07, p = 0.027) were associated with a lower intrinsic work motivation subscale. Higher leadership administrative skills (Beta = 28.39, p < 0.001) were significantly associated with higher ethical attitudes scores. (4) Conclusions: Higher administrative leadership has an imperative positive impact on work ethic in the provision of different public health services. Leadership skills are not limited to a specific profession, experience, or career stage of health care, and could significantly predict the individual ethical attitude and professional behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fouad Sakr
- School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Beirut 1105, Lebanon; (M.A.); (K.I.)
- Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, UMR U955 INSERM, Université Paris-Est Créteil, 94010 Créteil, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +961-3977750
| | - Chadia Haddad
- INSPECT-LB (Institut National de Santé Publique, d’Épidémiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie-Liban), Beirut 1103, Lebanon; (C.H.); (R.M.Z.); (H.S.); (P.S.)
- Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal El Dib 1201, Lebanon
- School of Health Sciences, Modern University of Business and Science, Beirut 1103, Lebanon
| | - Rony M. Zeenny
- INSPECT-LB (Institut National de Santé Publique, d’Épidémiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie-Liban), Beirut 1103, Lebanon; (C.H.); (R.M.Z.); (H.S.); (P.S.)
- Department of Pharmacy, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut 1105, Lebanon
| | - Hala Sacre
- INSPECT-LB (Institut National de Santé Publique, d’Épidémiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie-Liban), Beirut 1103, Lebanon; (C.H.); (R.M.Z.); (H.S.); (P.S.)
| | - Marwan Akel
- School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Beirut 1105, Lebanon; (M.A.); (K.I.)
- INSPECT-LB (Institut National de Santé Publique, d’Épidémiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie-Liban), Beirut 1103, Lebanon; (C.H.); (R.M.Z.); (H.S.); (P.S.)
| | - Katia Iskandar
- School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Beirut 1105, Lebanon; (M.A.); (K.I.)
- INSPECT-LB (Institut National de Santé Publique, d’Épidémiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie-Liban), Beirut 1103, Lebanon; (C.H.); (R.M.Z.); (H.S.); (P.S.)
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Hadath 1103, Lebanon
| | - Aline Hajj
- Laboratoire de Pharmacologie, Pharmacie Clinique et Contrôle de Qualité des Médicament, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut 1103, Lebanon;
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut 1103, Lebanon
| | - Pascale Salameh
- INSPECT-LB (Institut National de Santé Publique, d’Épidémiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie-Liban), Beirut 1103, Lebanon; (C.H.); (R.M.Z.); (H.S.); (P.S.)
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Hadath 1103, Lebanon
- School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Byblos 1401, Lebanon
- Department of Primary Care and Population Health, University of Nicosia Medical School, Nicosia 2408, Cyprus
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