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Abtahi S, Driessen JHM, Burden AM, Souverein PC, van den Bergh JP, van Staa TP, Boonen A, de Vries F. Low-dose oral glucocorticoid therapy and risk of osteoporotic fractures in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a cohort study using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2022; 61:1448-1458. [PMID: 34255815 PMCID: PMC8996777 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keab548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Clinical trials have shown that low-dose glucocorticoid therapy in patients with RA reduces bone loss in hands or hip, but the effect on osteoporotic fractures is not yet clear. Therefore, we investigated the use of low-dose oral glucocorticoids and risk of osteoporotic fractures among patients with RA. METHODS This was a cohort study including patients with RA aged 50+ years from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink between 1997 and 2017. Exposure to oral glucocorticoids was stratified by the most recent prescription in current (<6 months), recent (7-12 months) and past (>1 year) use, and average daily and cumulative doses. Risk of incident osteoporotic fractures (including hip, vertebrae, humerus, forearm, pelvis and ribs) was estimated by time-dependent Cox proportional-hazards models, adjusted for lifestyle parameters, comorbidities and comedications. Secondary analyses assessed osteoporotic fracture risk with a combination of average daily and cumulative doses of oral glucocorticoids. RESULTS Among 15 123 patients with RA (mean age 68.8 years, 68% females), 1640 osteoporotic fractures occurred. Current low-dose oral glucocorticoid therapy (≤7.5 mg prednisolone equivalent dose/day) in patients with RA was not associated with overall risk of osteoporotic fractures (adjusted hazard ratio 1.14, 95% CI 0.98, 1.33) compared with past glucocorticoid use, but was associated with an increased risk of clinical vertebral fracture (adjusted hazard ratio 1.59, 95% CI 1.11, 2.29). Results remained unchanged regardless of a short-term or a long-term use of oral glucocorticoids. CONCLUSION Clinicians should be aware that even in RA patients who receive low daily glucocorticoid doses, the risk of clinical vertebral fracture is increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahab Abtahi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Toxicology, Maastricht University Medical Centre
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht
- Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht
| | - Johanna H M Driessen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Toxicology, Maastricht University Medical Centre
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht
- Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht
- NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Andrea M Burden
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Toxicology, Maastricht University Medical Centre
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Patrick C Souverein
- Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht
| | - Joop P van den Bergh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht
- Department of Internal Medicine, VieCuri Medical Center, Venlo, The Netherlands
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Tjeerd P van Staa
- Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht
- Centre for Health Informatics, Division of Informatics, Imaging and Data Science, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Annelies Boonen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht
- Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Frank de Vries
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Toxicology, Maastricht University Medical Centre
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht
- Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht
- MRC Epidemiology Lifecourse Unit, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
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Soen S, Kaku M, Okubo N, Touzeni S, Saito K, Kobayashi M. Epidemiology of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis and management of associated fracture risk in Japan. J Bone Miner Metab 2021; 39:1019-1030. [PMID: 34125296 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-021-01236-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP) is associated with a high fracture risk. Practice guidelines by the Japanese Society for Bone and Mineral Research in 2014 recommend bone densitometry and appropriate treatment to reduce this risk. The study objectives were to describe characteristics of GIOP patients in Japan and to evaluate their management in a subgroup of patients without comorbid cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS This retrospective cohort study was performed using the Medical Data Vision (MDV) database from Japan. Adult patients initiating oral glucocorticoid treatment with a total GIOP risk score ≥ 3, based on the 2014 practice guideline, identified between 2009 and 2019 were eligible. A subgroup of patients without any cancer diagnosis was also identified. Data were extracted on demographics, concurrent medical conditions, use of bone densitometry, and osteoporosis treatment. RESULTS 25,569 patients were eligible, of whom 12,227 had a confirmed cancer diagnosis. Mean age was 68.5 years and 12,356 patients (48.3%) were women. Concurrent medical conditions of interest were documented in 14,887 patients, most frequently rheumatoid arthritis (n = 4185) and asthma (n = 3085). Yearly bone densitometry was performed in 6.5% (n = 865) of the cancer-free subgroup; 51.8% (n = 6905) were prescribed an osteoporosis treatment, most frequently bisphosphonates (n = 5132; 74.3%). Between 2011 and 2018, rates of densitometry were stable, whereas prescription rates increased from 40.0 to 51.8%. CONCLUSION In spite of publication of guidelines for GIOP management, there is an important treatment gap in their application in everyday practice. For this reason, public health measures to increase physician awareness of GIOP are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Soen
- Soen Orthopaedics, Osteoporosis and Rheumatology Clinic, Kobe, Japan
| | - Miki Kaku
- Primary Medical Science Department, Medical Affairs Division, Japan Business Unit, Daiichi Sankyo Co. Ltd, 3-5-1, Nihonbashi Honcho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Naoki Okubo
- Data Intelligence Department, Digital Transformation Management Division, Daiichi Sankyo Co. Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Salsabil Touzeni
- Health Economics and Outcomes Research, Creativ-Ceutical, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Kengo Saito
- Primary Medical Science Department, Medical Affairs Division, Japan Business Unit, Daiichi Sankyo Co. Ltd, 3-5-1, Nihonbashi Honcho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makiko Kobayashi
- Primary Medical Science Department, Medical Affairs Division, Japan Business Unit, Daiichi Sankyo Co. Ltd, 3-5-1, Nihonbashi Honcho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Cheng TT, Yu SF, Su FM, Chen YC, Su BYJ, Chiu WC, Hsu CY, Chen JF, Ko CH, Lai HM. Anti-CCP-positive patients with RA have a higher 10-year probability of fracture evaluated by FRAX®: a registry study of RA with osteoporosis/fracture. Arthritis Res Ther 2018; 20:16. [PMID: 29382355 PMCID: PMC5791167 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-018-1515-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Positive anticyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP+) is associated with bone loss in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, whether overall positivity or specific levels of anti-CCP are associated with prevalent fracture or a 10-year probability of fracture remains unclear. Methods This interim analysis of an RA registry was conducted at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital in Kaohsiung (CGMHK) for RA-related osteoporosis/fracture. Consecutive patients with RA who had visited the rheumatology clinic at CGMHK since September 1, 2014, and fulfilled the classification criteria of RA were enrolled. The demographics, disease duration, Disease activity in 28 joints based on erythrocyte sedimentation rate (DAS28-ESR), lifestyle, evidence of previous fracture, risk factors of fracture in the Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX®), and FRAX® score of each participant were collected. Anti-CCP, rheumatoid factor (RF), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), and bone mineral density (BMD) were measured at enrollment. The patients were grouped by positivity or quartiles of anti-CCP level (I–IV). Results Five hundred twenty-one patients with RA were enrolled through May 31, 2016. In total, 359 (68.9%) patients were anti-CCP+. Compared with anti-CCP− patients, anti-CCP+ patients had a significantly higher DAS28-ESR (p = 0.0001) and 10-year probability of major (15.0 [18.9] vs. 12.0 [15.3], p = 0.0461) or hip (5.0 [9.2] vs. 3.6 [8.2], p = 0.0118) fracture, but a significantly lower BMD of the FN (p = 0.0196). The rates of osteoporosis and previous fracture were comparable. There were 130, 127, 132, and 132 patients in groups I–IV, respectively. The DAS28-ESR was significantly different (p = 0.0001) among the groups and correlated to anti-CCP levels. The BMD and 10-year probability of major (p = 0.0067) and hip (p = 0.0013) fracture among the groups were also different. Conclusions Anti-CCP+ RA patients had a higher 10-year probability of major or hip fracture, independent of anti-CCP levels, and a lower BMD of the FN than anti-CCP− patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tien-Tsai Cheng
- Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No. 123, Dapi Road, Niao-Song District, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China. .,Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Shan-Fu Yu
- Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No. 123, Dapi Road, Niao-Song District, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Mei Su
- Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No. 123, Dapi Road, Niao-Song District, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yin-Chou Chen
- Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No. 123, Dapi Road, Niao-Song District, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ben Yu-Jih Su
- Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No. 123, Dapi Road, Niao-Song District, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chan Chiu
- Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No. 123, Dapi Road, Niao-Song District, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chung-Yuan Hsu
- Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No. 123, Dapi Road, Niao-Song District, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Jia-Feng Chen
- Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No. 123, Dapi Road, Niao-Song District, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chi-Hua Ko
- Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No. 123, Dapi Road, Niao-Song District, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Han-Ming Lai
- Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No. 123, Dapi Road, Niao-Song District, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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Yang N, Baban B, Isales CM, Shi XM. Role of glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper (GILZ) in inflammatory bone loss. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0181133. [PMID: 28771604 PMCID: PMC5542557 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
TNF-α plays a key role in the development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and inflammatory bone loss. Unfortunately, treatment of RA with anti-inflammatory glucocorticoids (GCs) also causes bone loss resulting in osteoporosis. Our previous studies showed that overexpression of glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper (GILZ), a mediator of GC's anti-inflammatory effect, can enhance osteogenic differentiation in vitro and bone acquisition in vivo. To investigate whether GILZ could antagonize TNF-α-induced arthritic inflammation and protect bone in mice, we generated a TNF-α-GILZ double transgenic mouse line (TNF-GILZ Tg) by crossbreeding a TNF-α Tg mouse, which ubiquitously expresses human TNF-α, with a GILZ Tg mouse, which expresses mouse GILZ under the control of a 3.6kb rat type I collagen promoter fragment. Results showed that overexpression of GILZ in bone marrow mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells protected mice from TNF-α-induced inflammatory bone loss and improved bone integrity (TNF-GILZ double Tg vs. TNF-αTg, n = 12-15). However, mesenchymal cell lineage restricted GILZ expression had limited effects on TNF-α-induced arthritic inflammation as indicated by clinical scores and serum levels of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nianlan Yang
- Departments of Neuroscience & Regenerative Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States of America
| | - Babak Baban
- Departments of Oral Biology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States of America
| | - Carlos M. Isales
- Departments of Neuroscience & Regenerative Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States of America
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States of America
| | - Xing-Ming Shi
- Departments of Neuroscience & Regenerative Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States of America
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Bone metabolism and vitamin D status in patients with multiple sclerosis. Neurol Neurochir Pol 2016; 50:251-7. [PMID: 27375138 DOI: 10.1016/j.pjnns.2016.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Revised: 04/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D (VD), an important factor for bone health immobilization and immune regulation, has been shown to have low serum concentration in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. Those patients have also multiple fracture risk factors, including progressive immobilization and long-term glucocorticoids treatment. The aim of the study was to analyze bone health (osteopenia or osteoporosis prevalence) and VD serum concentration in MS patients as well as the influence of disease activity and treatment on bone health. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study involved 72 MS patients: 52 women and 20 men. Mean age was 40.3±10.5 yrs, mean EDSS (Expanded Disability Status Scale) 3.3±1.9. Bone health was analyzed using standard densitometry in the lumbar spine and femoral neck. Serum levels of VD, calcium, phosphate and parathormone were assessed. We compared two groups of patients with multiple sclerosis: relapsing - remitting MS (RRMS) and progressive relapsing MS (PRMS). RESULTS Densitometry revealed osteopenia in twenty-six (36.1%) patients and osteoporosis in eleven (15.3%), no bone fractures were presented. Sixty-eight MS patients (94.4%) had lower VD serum level if compared to population referential values. Thirteen patients (18.1%) had severe VD deficiency. Densitometry parameter (T-score of the lumbar spine) worsened with EDSS increase (r=-0.43, P=0.001). There was a statistically significant negative correlation between VD concentration and EDSS score (r=-0.31; P=0.009). CONCLUSIONS Our study indicates that patients with MS have high incidence of osteopenia and osteoporosis and vitamin D deficiency. Bone health disturbances studied by densitometry are related to the disability caused by MS.
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Abstract
Patients with rheumatoid arthritis are predisposed to systemic bone loss, and they are at an increased risk of fractures. Although there are similarities in the patient demographics between rheumatoid arthritis patients and the general population of osteoporosis patients, there are factors, particularly the use of glucocorticoids, which are specific to rheumatoid arthritis. These factors can lead to an increased risk of bone loss and fracture. Given that fractures are often very debilitating, especially in elderly patients, it is of paramount importance for the practicing rheumatologist to be aware of ways to reduce the risk of fracture in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. This review discusses currently available modalities for fracture risk assessment as well as pharmacologic and lifestyle interventions available to treat and prevent bone loss in rheumatoid arthritis patients.
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Hurtado-Torres GF, González-Baranda LL, Abud-Mendoza C. Rheumatoid cachexia and other nutritional alterations in rheumatologic diseases. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 11:316-21. [PMID: 26094123 DOI: 10.1016/j.reuma.2015.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Revised: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of nutritional alterations in rheumatologic diseases ranges from 4 to 95%, depending on the detection method used. Formerly described as the single term rheumatoid cachexia, nutritional alterations can currently be grouped and subdivided based on the physiopathological mechanisms involved: chronic disease-related inflammatory conditions (cachexia), malnutrition associated to acute malnutrition inflammatory conditions (protein-caloric malnutrition) and starvation-related malnutrition. Clinical manifestations of malnutrition associated to rheumatic diseases vary from the patient with low weight or overweight and obesity; with lean body mass depletion as well as functional repercussions, and impact of quality of life as a common denominator. Additionally, the associated increase in body fat mass increases the risk for cardiovascular morbidity. A multidisciplinary approach towards rheumatic diseases should include aspects oriented towards prevention, early identification, diagnosis and correction of nutritional alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilberto Fabián Hurtado-Torres
- Departamento de Medicina Interna y Nutrición Clínica, Hospital Central Dr. Ignacio Morones Prieto/UASLP, San Luis Potosí, México.
| | - Lourdes Larisa González-Baranda
- Departamento de Medicina Interna y Nutrición Clínica, Hospital Central Dr. Ignacio Morones Prieto/UASLP, San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Carlos Abud-Mendoza
- Unidad Regional de Reumatología y Osteoporosis, Hospital Central Dr. Ignacio Morones Prieto/UASLP, San Luis Potosí, México
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Dai W, Jiang L, Lay YAE, Chen H, Jin G, Zhang H, Kot A, Ritchie RO, Lane NE, Yao W. Prevention of glucocorticoid induced bone changes with beta-ecdysone. Bone 2015; 74:48-57. [PMID: 25585248 PMCID: PMC4355031 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2015.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Revised: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Beta-ecdysone (βEcd) is a phytoecdysteroid found in the dry roots and seeds of the asteraceae and achyranthes plants, and is reported to increase osteogenesis in vitro. Since glucocorticoid (GC) excess is associated with a decrease in bone formation, the purpose of this study was to determine if treatment with βEcd could prevent GC-induced osteoporosis. Two-month-old male Swiss-Webster mice (n=8-10/group) were randomized to either placebo or slow release prednisolone pellets (3.3mg/kg/day) and treated with vehicle control or βEcd (0.5mg/kg/day) for 21days. GC treatment inhibited age-dependent trabecular gain and cortical bone expansion and this was accompanied by a 30-50% lower bone formation rate (BFR) at both the endosteal and periosteal surfaces. Mice treated with only βEcd significantly increased bone formation on the endosteal and periosteal bone surfaces, and increased cortical bone mass were their controls to compare to GC alone. Concurrent treatment of βEcd and GC completely prevented the GC-induced reduction in BFR, trabecular bone volume and partially prevented cortical bone loss. In vitro studies determined that βEcd prevented the GC increase in autophagy of the bone marrow stromal cells as well as in whole bone. In summary, βEcd prevented GC induced changes in bone formation, bone cell viability and bone mass. Additional studies are warranted of βEcd for the treatment of GC induced bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Dai
- Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Internal Medicine, University of California at Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA; Department of Science and Technology, Longhua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Li Jiang
- Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Internal Medicine, University of California at Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Yu-An Evan Lay
- Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Internal Medicine, University of California at Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Haiyan Chen
- Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Internal Medicine, University of California at Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Guoqin Jin
- Department of Science and Technology, Longhua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hongliang Zhang
- Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Internal Medicine, University of California at Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Alexander Kot
- Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Internal Medicine, University of California at Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Robert O Ritchie
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Nancy E Lane
- Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Internal Medicine, University of California at Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Wei Yao
- Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Internal Medicine, University of California at Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
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