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Lu M, Xia H, Xu J, Liao Z, Li Y, Peng H. Overexpression of TPD52L2 in HNSCC: prognostic significance and correlation with immune infiltrates. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:1191. [PMID: 39375696 PMCID: PMC11460091 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04977-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2024] [Indexed: 10/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence has been presented that the tumor protein D52 (TPD52) family plays a critical role in tumor development and progression. As a member of the TPD52 family, the changes in TPD52L2 gene status are instrumental in kinds of cancer development. However, its effects on patient prognosis and immune infiltration in Head and Neck Squamous Carcinoma (HNSCC) are still poorly understood. METHODS The Tumor Genome Atlas (TCGA), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), and c-BioPortal database was used to explore the expression pattern, prognostic value, and variation of gene status in HNSCC. The LinkedOmics database was used to obtain the co-expression genes of TPD52L2 and identify the diagnostic value of TPD52L2 in HNSCC. The correlations between TPD52L2 expression and six main types of immune cell infiltrations and immune signatures were explored using Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER). The correlation between TPD52L2 expression and immune checkpoint genes (ICGs) was analyzed by TCGA database. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed to validate the expression of three ICGs (PDL1, PDL2, EGFR) and TPD52L2 using 5 paired HNSCC and normal head and neck tissues. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and Western Blot (WB) of HNSCC and normal head and neck cell lines were performed to verify the high level of TPD52L2 mRNA and protein expression. protein expression of TPD52L2 in pan-cancer was also validated using UALCAN. RESULTS TPD52L2 was overexpressed in tumor tissues, and it predicted worse survival status in HNSCC. ROC analysis suggested that TPD52L2 had a diagnostic value. Multivariate Cox analysis identified TPD52L2 as an independent negative prognostic marker of overall survival. Functional network analysis suggested that TPD52L2 was associated with immune-related signaling pathways, cell migration pathways, and cancer-related pathways. High expression of TPD52L2 was associated with a more mutant frequency of TP53. Notably, we found that the expression of TPD52L2 was closely negatively correlated with the infiltration levels of 15 types of immune cells and positively correlated with several immune markers. PCR, WB experiments, and UALCAN database verified the high level of TPD52L2 mRNA and protein expression. CONCLUSION TPD52L2 is upregulated in HNSCC, which is an independent factor for adverse prognosis prediction. It probably plays a role in the negative regulation of immune cell infiltration. TPD52L2 might be a promising prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Lu
- The Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China
| | - Haoyu Xia
- The Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China
| | - Jing Xu
- The Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China
| | - Zijun Liao
- The Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China
| | - Yuwen Li
- The Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China
| | - Hanwei Peng
- The Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China.
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Kumar S, Das A. A Cocktail of Natural Compounds Holds Promise for New Immunotherapeutic Potential in Head and Neck Cancer. Chin J Integr Med 2024; 30:42-51. [PMID: 37118529 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-023-3694-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To obtain detailed understanding on the gene regulation of natural compounds in altering prognosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSC). METHODS Gene expression data of HNSC samples and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of HNSC patients were collected from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Differential gene expression analysis of GEO datasets were achieved by the GEO2R tool. Common differentially expressed gerres (DEGs) were screened by comparing DEGs of HNSC with those of PBMCs. The combination was further analyzed for regulating pathways and biological processes that were affected. RESULTS Totally 110 DEGs were retrieved and identified to be involved in biological processes related to tumor regulation. Then 102 natural compounds were screened for a combination such that the expression of all 110 commonly DEGs was altered. A combination of salidroside, ginsenoside Rd, oridonin, britanin, and scutellarein was chosen. A multifaceted, multi-dimensional tumor regression was showed by altering autophagy, apoptosis, inhibiting cell proliferation, angiogenesis, metastasis and inflammatory cytokines production. CONCLUSIONS This study has helped develop a unique combination of natural compounds that will markedly reduce the propensity of development of drug resistance in tumors and immune evasion by tumors. The result is crucial to developing a combinatorial natural therapeutic cocktail with accentuated immunotherapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, 110042, India
| | - Asmita Das
- Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, 110042, India.
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Expression of p53, p63, podoplanin and Ki-67 in recurring versus non-recurring oral leukoplakia. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20781. [PMID: 34675318 PMCID: PMC8531318 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99326-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral leukoplakia (OL), a potentially malignant disorder, recurs in 40% of cases after surgical removal. Recurrence is a risk factor for malignant transformation. We aimed to examine the prognostic significance of four biomarkers related to cell proliferation: p53, p63, podoplanin (PDPN) and Ki-67 in predicting recurrence. Formalin-fixed-paraffin-embedded specimens from excised OL (n = 73, 33 recurrent; 40 non-recurrent) were collected in a prospective study. Immunohistochemistry was used to visualise expression of p53, p63, PDPN and Ki-67. Image analysis software was used for quantification of p53-, p63- and Ki-67-expressing cells, while PDPN was analysed visually. The expression of all four proteins were higher in recurrent compared with non-recurrent OL, only expression of p53 was statistically significant. In uni- and multivariable Cox regression analyses of individual markers, expression of p63 was significantly associated with higher recurrence risk (p = 0.047). OL with a combined high expression of both p53 and p63 had a significantly higher risk to recur [Log Rank, p = 0.036; multivariate Cox, HR: 2.48 (1.13–5.44; p = 0.024)]. Combination of p53 and p63 expression may be used as a prognostic biomarker for recurrence of OL.
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Arayataweegool A, Srisuttee R, Bin-Alee F, Mahattanasakul P, Tangjaturonrasme N, Kerekhanjanarong V, Mutirangura A, Kitkumthorn N. Induction of ZCCHC6 expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells by HNSCC secretions. Gene 2020; 754:144880. [PMID: 32526260 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.144880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cancer secretion can change the properties of adjacent cells, including peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). We investigated whether such secretion influences messenger RNA expression in PBMCs of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). In the present study, co-culture model of normal PBMCs and HNSCC cell lines were established. The PBMCs were subsequently subjected to RNA sequencing for transcriptome analysis. Furthermore, expression data from the Gene Expression Omnibus repository, platform GPL4133, series GSE39400, were gathered to analyze, afterward identify zinc finger CysCysHisCys (CCHC)-type domain-containing protein 6 (ZCCHC6) as the main gene involved in HNSCC. This gene was then validated by a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The results showed that ZCCHC6 was expressed at significantly higher levels in the patients with HNSCC than in the healthy controls, and the sensitivity and specificity of these findings for diagnostic purposes were 100.00% and 70.83%, respectively. In summary, our findings demonstrated that the secretion of HNSCC cells could cause the alterations in messenger RNA expression by PBMCs. The ZCCHC6 expression level may apply in HNSCC screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Areeya Arayataweegool
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Genetics of Cancer and Human Diseases, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Ratakorn Srisuttee
- Faculty of Medicine, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand
| | - Fardeela Bin-Alee
- Program of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Patnarin Mahattanasakul
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Napadon Tangjaturonrasme
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Virachai Kerekhanjanarong
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Apiwat Mutirangura
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Genetics of Cancer and Human Diseases, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Nakarin Kitkumthorn
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
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Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) arise in the mucosal linings of the upper aerodigestive tract and are unexpectedly heterogeneous in nature. Classical risk factors are smoking and excessive alcohol consumption, and in recent years, the role of human papillomavirus (HPV) has emerged, particularly in oropharyngeal tumours. HPV-induced oropharyngeal tumours are considered a separate disease entity, which recently has manifested in an adapted prognostic staging system while the results of de-intensified treatment trials are awaited. Carcinogenesis caused by HPV in the mucosal linings of the upper aerodigestive tract remains an enigma, but with some recent observations, a model can be proposed. In 2015, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) consortium published a comprehensive molecular catalogue on HNSCC. Frequent mutations of novel druggable oncogenes were not demonstrated, but the existence of a subgroup of genetically distinct HPV-negative head and neck tumours with favourable prognoses was confirmed. Tumours can be further subclassified based on genomic profiling. However, the amount of molecular data is currently overwhelming and requires detailed biological interpretation. It also became apparent that HNSCC is a disease characterized by frequent mutations that create neoantigens, indicating that immunotherapies might be effective. In 2016, the first results of immunotherapy trials with immune checkpoint inhibitors were published, and these may be considered as a paradigm shift in head and neck oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- C René Leemans
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, VU University Medical Center
| | - Peter J F Snijders
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ruud H Brakenhoff
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, VU University Medical Center
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Gong R, Chen M, Zhang C, Chen M, Li H. A comparison of gene expression profiles in patients with coronary artery disease, type 2 diabetes, and their coexisting conditions. Diagn Pathol 2017; 12:44. [PMID: 28595632 PMCID: PMC5465468 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-017-0630-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background To support a hypothesis that there is an intrinsic interplay between coronary artery disease (CAD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D), we used RNA-seq to identify unique gene expression signatures of CAD, T2D, and coexisting conditions. Methods After transcriptome sequencing, differential expression analysis was performed between each disordered state and normal control group. By comparing gene expression profiles of CAD, T2D, and coexisting conditions, common and specific patterns of each disordered state were displayed. To verify the specific gene expression patterns of CAD or T2D, the gene expression data of GSE23561 was extracted. Results A strong overlap of 191 genes across CAD, T2D and coexisting conditions, were mainly involved in a viral infectious cycle, anti-apoptosis, endocrine pancreas development, innate immune response, and blood coagulation. In T2D-specific PPI networks involving 64 genes, TCF7L2 (Degree = 169) was identified as a key gene in T2D development, while in CAD-specific PPI networks involving 64 genes, HIF1A (Degree = 124), SMAD1 (Degree = 112) and SKIL (Degree = 94) were identified as key genes in the CAD development. Interestingly, with the provided expression data from GSE23561, the three genes were all up-regulated in CAD, and SMAD1 and SKIL were specifically differentially expressed in CAD, while HIF1A was differentially expressed in both CAD and T2D, but with opposite trends. Conclusions This study provides some evidences in transcript level to uncover the association of T2D, CAD and coexisting conditions, and may provide novel drug targets and biomarkers for these diseases. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13000-017-0630-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Gong
- Department of gerontology, The Third Municipal Hospital of Shijiazhuang City, Shijiazhuang, Hebei province, 050011, China
| | - Menghui Chen
- Department of cardiothoracic surgery, The Third Municipal Hospital of Shijiazhuang City, Shijiazhuang, Hebei province, 050011, China
| | - Cuizhao Zhang
- Medical laboratory technology, The Third Municipal Hospital of Shijiazhuang City, Shijiazhuang, Hebei province, 050011, China
| | - Manli Chen
- Department of gerontology, The Third Municipal Hospital of Shijiazhuang City, Shijiazhuang, Hebei province, 050011, China
| | - Haibin Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei province, 050051, China.
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Hunt JL, Barnes L, Lewis JS, Mahfouz ME, Slootweg PJ, Thompson LDR, Cardesa A, Devaney KO, Gnepp DR, Westra WH, Rodrigo JP, Woolgar JA, Rinaldo A, Triantafyllou A, Takes RP, Ferlito A. Molecular diagnostic alterations in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck and potential diagnostic applications. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2013; 271:211-23. [PMID: 23467835 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-013-2400-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2013] [Accepted: 02/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a common malignancy that continues to be difficult to treat and cure. In many organ systems and tumor types, there have been significant advances in the understanding of the molecular basis for tumorigenesis, disease progression and genetic implications for therapeutics. Although tumorigenesis pathways and the molecular etiologies of HNSCC have been extensively studied, there are still very few diagnostic clinical applications used in practice today. This review discusses current clinically applicable molecular markers, including viral detection of Epstein-Barr virus and human papillomavirus, and molecular targets that are used in diagnosis and management of HNSCC. The common oncogenes EGFR, RAS, CCND1, BRAF, and PIK3CA and tumor suppressor genes p53, CDKN2A and NOTCH are discussed for their associations with HNSCC. Discussion of markers with potential future applications is also included, with a focus on molecular alterations associated with targeted therapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Hunt
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Services, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Arkansas, USA
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