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Habibi P, Tabatabaei Yazdi F, Mortazavi SA, Farajollahi MM. Effects of free and nano encapsulated bovine lactoferrin on the viability and acid production by Streptococcus mutans biofilms. Lett Appl Microbiol 2022; 75:689-698. [PMID: 35908230 DOI: 10.1111/lam.13796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Tooth decay is one of the most common diseases that humans face during their lifetime. Streptococcus mutans is one of the most critical factors of early tooth decay. These bacteria may produce biofilms in the mouth, which are more resistant to antimicrobial agents. S. mutans may also demineralize tooth enamel by producing lactic acid. In this study, the effect of nanoliposomes containing lactoferrin at three different concentrations (1.5, 3, and 6 mg ml-1 l) on the biofilm formed by S. mutans was investigated. Nanoliposomes were prepared using the thin-layer hydration method. An active attachment model (AAA) was used to evaluate biofilm and lactic acid production. The results showed that nano encapsulated lactoferrin could reduce CFU of biofilm more effectively than free lactoferrin. Lactoferrin-containing nanoliposomes also significantly reduced lactic acid production by S. mutans. Therefore, nano encapsulated lactoferrin may be used along with other dental caries control methods to increase anti caries efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Habibi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farideh Tabatabaei Yazdi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Ali Mortazavi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Morad Farajollahi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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2
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Pawar S, Markowitz K, Velliyagounder K. Effect of human lactoferrin on Candida albicans infection and host response interactions in experimental oral candidiasis in mice. Arch Oral Biol 2022; 137:105399. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2022.105399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Ruan W, Sun C, Gao Q, Shrivastava N. Metaproteomics associated with severe early childhood caries highlights the differences in salivary proteins. Arch Oral Biol 2021; 131:105220. [PMID: 34461447 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2021.105220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the salivary metaproteomic characteristics of the children with and without severe early childhood caries (S-ECC). DESIGN In this study, we collected unstimulated saliva samples from 34 children (age 3-4 years) with caries free (NC, dmfs (= index of decayed, missing due to caries, or filled tooth surfaces) = 0, n = 23) and with S-ECC (dmfs≥10, n = 11). Salivary proteins were extracted and reduced, and then a Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry system was used to identify proteins. RESULTS Nearly 3000 proteins were identified in this study, and about 3.5 % of the proteins originated from human while 86 % were derived from microbes. The salivary protein types in the NC group were statistically greater than those in the S-ECC group (P <0.05). Specifically, the salivary protein types derived from microbes in the NC group were significantly greater than those in the S-ECC group. Three proteins, human lactoferrin, penicillin-binding protein 1C [Burkholderia ubonensis], human alpha-defensin 1 (F28a mutant), were decreased statistically in the NC group compared to the S-ECC group (P < 0.05). Only one protein, 50S ribosomal protein L17 secreted by Haemophilus haemolyticus, was significantly increased in the NC group compared to the S-ECC group. Salivary IgA was the top highest protein in the NC group whereas human lysozyme was the top highest protein in the S-ECC group. CONCLUSIONS The differential proteins recognized in this study may be conducive for finding a caries biomarker. Understanding the metaproteomic characteristics can help us to control the caries from human origin and microbial origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhua Ruan
- Department of Stomatology, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinic Research Center for Child Health, No. 3333 Binsheng Road, Binjiang District, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310052, PR China.
| | - Chao Sun
- Analysis Center of Agrobiology and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, No. 866 Yuhangtang Road, Xihu District, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Qikang Gao
- Analysis Center of Agrobiology and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, No. 866 Yuhangtang Road, Xihu District, Zhejiang Province, PR China.
| | - Neeraj Shrivastava
- Formerly visiting scientist at Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, PR China; Amity Institute of Microbial Technology (AIMT), Amity University Uttar Pradesh (AUUP), Sector 125, Super Express Way, Noida, 201 303, UP, India
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Wolfoviz-Zilberman A, Kraitman R, Hazan R, Friedman M, Houri-Haddad Y, Beyth N. Phage Targeting Streptococcus mutans In Vitro and In Vivo as a Caries-Preventive Modality. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10081015. [PMID: 34439064 PMCID: PMC8389033 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10081015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental caries is a common infectious disease worldwide. Current conventional therapies lack specific antimicrobial effects against Streptococcus mutans, a key bacterium that induces caries. A promising alternative approach is bacteriophage (phage) therapy. Recently, SMHBZ8 phage targeting S. mutans was isolated and characterized. The aim of this study was to evaluate the caries-prevention efficacy of SMHBZ8 using in vitro and in vivo caries models. Hemi-mandibles dissected from euthanized healthy mice were subjected to caries-promoting conditions in vitro. Jaws treated with phage therapy in suspension and in formulation with a sustained-release delivery system showed no carious lesions, similar to control and chlorhexidine-treated jaws. Subsequently, SMHBZ8 phage suspension also prevented carious lesion development in a murine caries model in vivo. In both models, caries lesions were analyzed clinically and radiographically by µCT scans. This study shows how SMHBZ8 phage therapy targeting S. mutans can serve as an efficient caries-prevention modality, in suspension or with a sustained-release delivery system, by in vitro and in vivo mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Wolfoviz-Zilberman
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel; (A.W.-Z.); (R.K.); (Y.H.-H.)
- Institute of Biomedical and Oral Research (IBOR), Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel;
| | - Reut Kraitman
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel; (A.W.-Z.); (R.K.); (Y.H.-H.)
- Institute of Biomedical and Oral Research (IBOR), Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel;
| | - Ronen Hazan
- Institute of Biomedical and Oral Research (IBOR), Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel;
| | - Michael Friedman
- Department of Pharmaceutics, The Institute for Drug Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91120, Israel;
| | - Yael Houri-Haddad
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel; (A.W.-Z.); (R.K.); (Y.H.-H.)
| | - Nurit Beyth
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel; (A.W.-Z.); (R.K.); (Y.H.-H.)
- Correspondence:
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Meyer F, Enax J, Epple M, Amaechi BT, Simader B. Cariogenic Biofilms: Development, Properties, and Biomimetic Preventive Agents. Dent J (Basel) 2021; 9:dj9080088. [PMID: 34436000 PMCID: PMC8394942 DOI: 10.3390/dj9080088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral biofilms will build up within minutes after cleaning of the dental hard tissues. While the application of remineralizing agents is a well-known approach to prevent dental caries, modern oral care products offer also additional active agents to maintain oral health. Human saliva contains many different organic and inorganic compounds that help to buffer organic acids produced by cariogenic microorganisms. However, most oral care products only contain remineralizing agents. To improve the benefit of those products, further active ingredients are needed. Books, review articles, and original research papers were included in this narrative review. Putting all these data together, we give an overview of oral biofilms and active compounds used in modern oral care products to interact with them. The special focus is on inorganic compounds and their interaction with oral biofilms. While organic compounds have several limitations (e.g., cell toxicity), inorganic compounds based on calcium and/or phosphate (e.g., sodium bicarbonate, hydroxyapatite, calcium carbonate) offer several advantages when used in oral care products. Calcium release can inhibit demineralization, and the release of hydroxide and phosphate ions might help in the buffering of acids. Therefore, the focus of this review is to summarize the scientific background of further active ingredients that can be used for oral care formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederic Meyer
- Research Department, Dr. Kurt Wolff GmbH & Co. KG, Johanneswerkstr. 34-36, 33611 Bielefeld, Germany; (J.E.); (B.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-521-8808-6061
| | - Joachim Enax
- Research Department, Dr. Kurt Wolff GmbH & Co. KG, Johanneswerkstr. 34-36, 33611 Bielefeld, Germany; (J.E.); (B.S.)
| | - Matthias Epple
- Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitaetsstr. 5-7, 45117 Essen, Germany;
| | - Bennett T. Amaechi
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA;
| | - Barbara Simader
- Research Department, Dr. Kurt Wolff GmbH & Co. KG, Johanneswerkstr. 34-36, 33611 Bielefeld, Germany; (J.E.); (B.S.)
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Tonguc Altin K, Topcuoglu N, Duman G, Unsal M, Celik A, Selvi Kuvvetli S, Kasikci E, Sahin F, Kulekci G. Antibacterial effects of saliva substitutes containing lysozyme or lactoferrin against Streptococcus mutans. Arch Oral Biol 2021; 129:105183. [PMID: 34091207 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2021.105183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the antibacterial effects of different saliva-substitutes-containing-lysozyme(LYZ) or-lactoferrin(LF) on Streptococcus mutans(S. mutans) in comparison with human saliva. DESIGN In vitro wound-healing assay was performed with L929 mouse fibroblast cell line by using various concentrations of LYZ and LF to determine optimum concentrations and to confirm do not show any cytotoxicity of proteins according to cell culture studies. Antibacterial effect was assessed by determining Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations for all groups on S.mutans. Bacterial adhesion of S. mutans for 4 h on hydroxyapatite(HAP) discs after application of different saliva substitutes was evaluated. The formulations were:saliva-substitute(Group SS);saliva-substitute-containing-Lactoferrin(Group SSLF);saliva-substitute-containing-Lysozyme(Group SSLYZ). Human saliva was control group(Group HS). RESULTS In vitro wound healing assay results showed that, when added into the cell culture media, LYZ and LF significantly increase 48 -h scratch wound closure compared to the cell culture media(p < 0.0001). At the end of second day, samples treated with both between 2.5-100 μg/mL LF and 5-200 μg/mL LYZ were found to have significant wound healing effect(p < 001). It was observed that saliva-substitutes-containing-LYZ or-LF had antibacterial effects on S.mutans. Bacterial adhesion on HAP discs was observed significantly higher in control group than in study groups. The amount of adhered S. mutans was significantly higher in Group SS than other study groups(p < 0.0001). However, no statistically significant difference was found between the number of bacteria adhered to HAP discs between SSLYZ and SSLF groups(p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The study of cell viability and wound healing was great significance in the optimum concentrations of LYZ and LF. Among formulations, saliva-substitutes-containing-LYZ or-LF exhibited higher inhibitory effect on S.mutans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kubra Tonguc Altin
- Yeditepe University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Bağdat Caddesi, No: 238, 34728 Göztepe - Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Nursen Topcuoglu
- Istanbul University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral Microbiology, Turgut Özal Caddesi (Millet Cd.), 34390 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gulengul Duman
- Yeditepe University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, 26 Ağustos Kampusu, Kayisdağı Caddesi, 34755 Atasehir - Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Melis Unsal
- Yeditepe University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Bağdat Caddesi, No: 238, 34728 Göztepe - Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayse Celik
- Yeditepe University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Bağdat Caddesi, No: 238, 34728 Göztepe - Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Senem Selvi Kuvvetli
- Yeditepe University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Bağdat Caddesi, No: 238, 34728 Göztepe - Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ezgi Kasikci
- Yeditepe University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, 26 Ağustos Kampusu, Kayisdağı Caddesi, 34755 Atasehir, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York 10461, USA
| | - Fikrettin Sahin
- Yeditepe University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, 26 Ağustos Kampusu, Kayisdağı Caddesi, 34755 Atasehir, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Guven Kulekci
- Istanbul University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral Microbiology, Turgut Özal Caddesi (Millet Cd.), 34390 Istanbul, Turkey
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7
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Krupińska AM, Bogucki Z. Clinical aspects of the use of lactoferrin in dentistry. J Oral Biosci 2021; 63:129-133. [PMID: 33662566 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2021.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lactoferrin (Lf) is a natural iron-binding protein involved in coordinating specific and non-specific immune responses in humans. It exhibits broad spectrum antimicrobial properties against bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Owing to its high affinity for ferric (Fe+++) ions, Lf is responsible for controlling the oxidative stress in the body, and thus protects cells from oxygen injury. In addition, Lf is a natural immunomodulatory molecule that regulates the activity of the immune system. HIGHLIGHT Lactoferrin present in saliva plays an important role in maintaining oral hygiene. It exhibits protective function on mucosal surfaces, which constitute a barrier between the host and the external environment. Thus, Lf may be considered as the first line of defense protein that is associated with oral mucosal immunity. CONCLUSION Many studies indicate that lactoferrin supplementation is safe and beneficial for human health. The aim of this review is to discuss the effects of Lf on oral microflora, highlighting the potential significance of this protein in dental therapy and prevention of oral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Krupińska
- Department and Division of Dental Prosthetics, Wroclaw Medical University, Wyb. Ludwika Pasteura 1, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Zdzisław Bogucki
- Department and Division of Dental Prosthetics, Wroclaw Medical University, Wyb. Ludwika Pasteura 1, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland
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Carr LE, Virmani MD, Rosa F, Munblit D, Matazel KS, Elolimy AA, Yeruva L. Role of Human Milk Bioactives on Infants' Gut and Immune Health. Front Immunol 2021; 12:604080. [PMID: 33643310 PMCID: PMC7909314 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.604080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Exclusive human milk feeding of the newborn is recommended during the first 6 months of life to promote optimal health outcomes during early life and beyond. Human milk contains a variety of bioactive factors such as hormones, cytokines, leukocytes, immunoglobulins, lactoferrin, lysozyme, stem cells, human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), microbiota, and microRNAs. Recent findings highlighted the potential importance of adding HMOs into infant formula for their roles in enhancing host defense mechanisms in neonates. Therefore, understanding the roles of human milk bioactive factors on immune function is critical to build the scientific evidence base around breastfeeding recommendations, and to enhance positive health outcomes in formula fed infants through modifications to formulas. However, there are still knowledge gaps concerning the roles of different milk components, the interactions between the different components, and the mechanisms behind health outcomes are poorly understood. This review aims to show the current knowledge about HMOs, milk microbiota, immunoglobulins, lactoferrin, and milk microRNAs (miRNAs) and how these could have similar mechanisms of regulating gut and microbiota function. It will also highlight the knowledge gaps for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E. Carr
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Misty D. Virmani
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Fernanda Rosa
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Daniel Munblit
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Institute of Child's Health, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
- Inflammation, Repair and Development Section, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, National Heart and Lung Institute, London, United Kingdom
- Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Ahmed A. Elolimy
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Laxmi Yeruva
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, AR, United States
- Arkansas Children's Research Institute, Little Rock, AR, United States
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9
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Constitutive immune mechanisms: mediators of host defence and immune regulation. Nat Rev Immunol 2020; 21:137-150. [PMID: 32782357 PMCID: PMC7418297 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-020-0391-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The immune system enables organisms to combat infections and to eliminate endogenous challenges. Immune responses can be evoked through diverse inducible pathways. However, various constitutive mechanisms are also required for immunocompetence. The inducible responses of pattern recognition receptors of the innate immune system and antigen-specific receptors of the adaptive immune system are highly effective, but they also have the potential to cause extensive immunopathology and tissue damage, as seen in many infectious and autoinflammatory diseases. By contrast, constitutive innate immune mechanisms, including restriction factors, basal autophagy and proteasomal degradation, tend to limit immune responses, with loss-of-function mutations in these pathways leading to inflammation. Although they function through a broad and heterogeneous set of mechanisms, the constitutive immune responses all function as early barriers to infection and aim to minimize any disruption of homeostasis. Supported by recent human and mouse data, in this Review we compare and contrast the inducible and constitutive mechanisms of immunosurveillance.
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10
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Bahdila D, Markowitz K, Pawar S, Chavan K, Fine DH, Velliyagounder K. The effect of iron deficiency anemia on experimental dental caries in mice. Arch Oral Biol 2019; 105:13-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2019.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Núñez G, Sakamoto K, Soares MP. Innate Nutritional Immunity. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 201:11-18. [PMID: 29914937 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1800325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) is an essential micronutrient for both microbes and their hosts. The biologic importance of Fe derives from its inherent ability to act as a universal redox catalyst, co-opted in a variety of biochemical processes critical to maintain life. Animals evolved several mechanisms to retain and limit Fe availability to pathogenic microbes, a resistance mechanism termed "nutritional immunity." Likewise, pathogenic microbes coevolved to deploy diverse and efficient mechanisms to acquire Fe from their hosts and in doing so overcome nutritional immunity. In this review, we discuss how the innate immune system regulates Fe metabolism to withhold Fe from pathogenic microbes and how strategies used by pathogens to acquire Fe circumvent these resistance mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Núñez
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109; .,Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109; and
| | - Kei Sakamoto
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109.,Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109; and
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Iglesias-Figueroa BF, Espinoza-Sánchez EA, Siqueiros-Cendón TS, Rascón-Cruz Q. Lactoferrin as a nutraceutical protein from milk, an overview. Int Dairy J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2018.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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13
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Wang K, Zhou X, Li W, Zhang L. Human salivary proteins and their peptidomimetics: Values of function, early diagnosis, and therapeutic potential in combating dental caries. Arch Oral Biol 2018; 99:31-42. [PMID: 30599395 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2018.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Saliva contains a large number of proteins that play various crucial roles to maintain the oral health and tooth integrity. This oral fluid is proposed to be one of the most important host factors, serving as a special medium for monitoring aspects of microorganisms, diet and host susceptibility involved in the caries process. Extensive salivary proteomic and peptidomic studies have resulted in considerable advances in the field of biomarkers discovery for dental caries. These salivary biomarkers may be exploited for the prediction, diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of dental caries, many of which could also provide the potential templates for bioactive peptides used for the biomimetic management of dental caries, rather than repairing caries lesions with artificial materials. A comprehensive understanding of the biological function of salivary proteins as well as their derived biomimetic peptides with promising potential against dental caries has been long awaited. This review overviewed a collection of current literature and addressed the majority of different functions of salivary proteins and peptides with their potential as functional biomarkers for caries risk assessment and clinical prospects for the anti-caries application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Cariology and Endodontics West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xuedong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Cariology and Endodontics West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Cariology and Endodontics West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Linglin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Cariology and Endodontics West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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14
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Velliyagounder K, Bahdila D, Pawar S, Fine DH. Role of lactoferrin and lactoferrin‐derived peptides in oral and maxillofacial diseases. Oral Dis 2018; 25:652-669. [DOI: 10.1111/odi.12868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K Velliyagounder
- Department of Oral BiologyRutgers School of Dental Medicine Newark New Jersey
| | - D Bahdila
- Department of Oral BiologyRutgers School of Dental Medicine Newark New Jersey
| | - S Pawar
- Department of Oral BiologyRutgers School of Dental Medicine Newark New Jersey
| | - DH Fine
- Department of Oral BiologyRutgers School of Dental Medicine Newark New Jersey
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15
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Hemadi AS, Huang R, Zhou Y, Zou J. Salivary proteins and microbiota as biomarkers for early childhood caries risk assessment. Int J Oral Sci 2017; 9:e1. [PMID: 29125139 PMCID: PMC5775330 DOI: 10.1038/ijos.2017.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Early childhood caries (ECC) is a term used to describe dental caries in children aged 6 years or younger. Oral streptococci, such as Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sorbrinus, are considered to be the main etiological agents of tooth decay in children. Other bacteria, such as Prevotella spp. and Lactobacillus spp., and fungus, that is, Candida albicans, are related to the development and progression of ECC. Biomolecules in saliva, mainly proteins, affect the survival of oral microorganisms by multiple innate defensive mechanisms, thus modulating the oral microflora. Therefore, the protein composition of saliva can be a sensitive indicator for dental health. Resistance or susceptibility to caries may be significantly correlated with alterations in salivary protein components. Some oral microorganisms and saliva proteins may serve as useful biomarkers in predicting the risk and prognosis of caries. Current research has generated abundant information that contributes to a better understanding of the roles of microorganisms and salivary proteins in ECC occurrence and prevention. This review summarizes the microorganisms that cause caries and tooth-protective salivary proteins with their potential as functional biomarkers for ECC risk assessment. The identification of biomarkers for children at high risk of ECC is not only critical for early diagnosis but also important for preventing and treating the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah S Hemadi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruijie Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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