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Xing Y, Shi H, Wang C, Yang Y. Clinical features and risk factors for Sjogren's syndrome patients suffering from oral candidiasis in Shanxi, China. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:812. [PMID: 39020326 PMCID: PMC11256585 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04595-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the clinical features and risk factors of Sjogren's Syndrome (SS) patients suffering from oral candidiasis and to provide a foundation for the prevention and treatment of oral candidiasis in SS patients. METHODS The medical records of 479 SS patients admitted to the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University from 2018 to 2020 were analysed to determine the clinical characteristics and risk factors that influence the occurrence of oral candidiasis infection in SS patients. RESULTS Patients with oral candidiasis were older than those without oral candidiasis (P < 0.05). Male SS patients had greater oral candidiasis rates (P < 0.05). Unstimulated whole saliva (UWS) and stimulated whole saliva (SWS) were both shown to be adversely associated with oral Candida infections (P < 0.001). Logistic regression revealed that a low UWS was an independent risk factor for oral Candida infections in SS patients (OR: 0.004, P = 0.023). Greater WBC counts (OR: 1.22, P < 0.001), lower haemoglobin levels (OR: 0.97, P = 0.007), lower serum albumin levels (OR: 0.88, P < 0.001), lower IgG levels (OR: 0.91, P = 0.011), lower IgA levels (OR: 0.75, P = 0.011), and lower IgM levels (OR: 0.91, P = 0.015) were found in patients with oral Candida infections. Patients on immunosuppressive medications (OR: 0.32, P = 0.011), particularly rapamycin (P < 0.001), had a decreased rate of oral Candida infections. CONCLUSIONS Patients with oral candidiasis were older than those without oral candidiasis. Male SS patients are more likely to have oral candidiasis. Individuals with lower UWS and SWS are more susceptible to oral Candida infection. Oral Candida infections in SS patients depend on their immunological status. Rapamycin may increase the abundance of Treg cells to reduce oral Candida infection in SS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yexing Xing
- The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Honghong Shi
- The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Caihong Wang
- The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Ying Yang
- The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China.
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Liu X, Wang H, Wang X, Jiang X, Jin Y, Han Y, Zhang Z. Identification and verification of inflammatory biomarkers for primary Sjögren's syndrome. Clin Rheumatol 2024; 43:1335-1352. [PMID: 38376769 PMCID: PMC10944815 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-024-06901-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is an autoimmune disease characterized by inflammatory infiltration, and dysfunction of the salivary and lacrimal glands. This research aimed to explore the disease pathogenesis and improve the diagnosis and treatment of pSS by mining inflammation-associated biomarkers. METHODS Five pSS-related datasets were retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Inflammation-associated biomarkers were determined by the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and support vector machines recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE). Single sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) was implemented to profile the infiltration levels of immune cells. Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) verified the expression of biomarkers in clinical samples. RESULTS Four genes (LY6E, EIF2AK2, IL15, and CXCL10) were screened as inflammation-associated biomarkers in pSS, the predictive performance of which were determined among three pSS-related datasets (AUC > 0.7). Functional enrichment results suggested that the biomarkers were involved in immune and inflammation-related pathways. Immune infiltration analysis revealed that biomarkers were notably connected with type 2 T helper cells, regulatory T cells which were significantly expressed between pSS and control. TESTOSTERONE and CYCLOSPORINE were predicted to take effect by targeting CXCL10 and IL15 in pSS, respectively. CONCLUSION Four inflammation-associated biomarkers (LY6E, EIF2AK2, IL15, and CXCL10) were explored, and the underlying regulatory mechanisms and targeted drugs associated with these biomarkers were preliminarily investigated according to a series of bioinformatics methods based on the online datasets of pSS, which provided a reference for understanding the pathogenesis of pSS. Key Points • Inflammation-associated biomarkers (LY6E, EIF2AK2, IL15, and CXCL10) were firstly identified in Sjögren's syndrome based on LASSO and SVM-RFE analyses. • CXCL10, EIF2AK2 and LY6E were prominently positively correlated with immature B cells, while IL15 were significantly negatively correlated with memory B cells in Sjögren's syndrome. • LY6E, EIF2AK2, IL15, and CXCL10 were significantly more highly expressed in clinical Sjögren's syndrome samples compared to healthy control samples, which was consistent with the analysis results of the GEO database. •LY6E, EIF2AK2, IL15, and CXCL10 might be used as the biomarkers for the treatment and diagnosis of Sjögren's syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodan Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Peking University Third Hospital, Haidian District, 49 North Garden Road, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Haojie Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Peking University Third Hospital, Haidian District, 49 North Garden Road, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Peking University Third Hospital, Haidian District, 49 North Garden Road, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xiaodan Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Restoration of Damaged Ocular Nerve, Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yinji Jin
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Ying Han
- Department of Oral Medicine, Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering, Haidian District, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Zhihui Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Peking University Third Hospital, Haidian District, 49 North Garden Road, Beijing, 100191, China.
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Sendid B, Cornu M, Cordier C, Bouckaert J, Colombel JF, Poulain D. From ASCA breakthrough in Crohn's disease and Candida albicans research to thirty years of investigations about their meaning in human health. Autoimmun Rev 2024; 23:103486. [PMID: 38040100 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2023.103486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies (ASCA) are human antibodies that can be detected using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay involving a mannose polymer (mannan) extracted from the cell wall of the yeast S. cerevisiae. The ASCA test was developed in 1993 with the aim of differentiating the serological response in two forms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. The test, which is based on the detection of anti-oligomannosidic antibodies, has been extensively performed worldwide and there have been hundreds of publications on ASCA. The earlier studies concerned the initial diagnostic indications of ASCA and investigations then extended to many human diseases, generally in association with studies on intestinal microorganisms and the interaction of the micro-mycobiome with the immune system. The more information accumulates, the more the mystery of the meaning of ASCA deepens. Many fundamental questions remain unanswered. These questions concern the heterogeneity of ASCA, the mechanisms of their generation and persistence, the existence of self-antigens, and the relationship between ASCA and inflammation and autoimmunity. This review aims to discuss the gray areas concerning the origin of ASCA from an analysis of the literature. Structured around glycobiology and the mannosylated antigens of S. cerevisiae and Candida albicans, this review will address these questions and will try to clarify some lines of thought. The importance of the questions relating to the pathophysiological significance of ASCA goes far beyond IBD, even though these diseases remain the preferred models for their understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boualem Sendid
- INSERM U1285, CNRS UMR 8576, Glycobiology in Fungal Pathogenesis and Clinical Applications, Université de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; Pôle de Biologie-Pathologie-Génétique, Institut de Microbiologie, Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Marjorie Cornu
- INSERM U1285, CNRS UMR 8576, Glycobiology in Fungal Pathogenesis and Clinical Applications, Université de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; Pôle de Biologie-Pathologie-Génétique, Institut de Microbiologie, Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Camille Cordier
- INSERM U1285, CNRS UMR 8576, Glycobiology in Fungal Pathogenesis and Clinical Applications, Université de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; Pôle de Biologie-Pathologie-Génétique, Institut de Microbiologie, Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Julie Bouckaert
- CNRS UMR 8576, Computational Molecular Systems Biology, Université de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Jean Frederic Colombel
- Department of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Daniel Poulain
- INSERM U1285, CNRS UMR 8576, Glycobiology in Fungal Pathogenesis and Clinical Applications, Université de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France.
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Morishima S, Takeda K, Greenan S, Maki Y. Salivary microbiome in children with Down syndrome: a case-control study. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:438. [PMID: 36203175 PMCID: PMC9535924 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02480-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Down syndrome (DS), a most frequently occurring genetic disorder, is associated with oral morphological abnormalities and higher incidence rates of oral diseases. Recent studies have analyzed the oral microbiome to elucidate their relationships with oral diseases and general health; however, reports on the oral microbiome in individuals with DS are scarce. This study aimed to characterize the oral microbiome in children with DS. METHODS A total of 54 children aged 1-13 years were enrolled in this case-control study. Of these children, 27 had DS (Case: DS group) and 27 were age-matched healthy children (Control: ND group). Saliva in the oral cavity was collected with a swab, cultured, and tested for cariogenic and periodontopathic bacteria by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) detection, and the salivary microbiome was analyzed using next-generation sequencing. The student's t-test, Fisher's exact test, Mann-Whitney U test, and permutational multivariate analysis of variance were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS Results of culture and qPCR detection tests for cariogenic and periodontopathic bacteria showed no significant differences in the detected bacteria between the DS and ND groups, with the exception of a significantly higher detection rate of Candida albicans in children with DS with mixed dentition. A comparison of the salivary microbiomes by 16S sequencing showed no significant difference in α diversity; however, it showed a significant difference in β diversity. Children with DS had a higher relative abundance of Corynebacterium and Cardiobacterium, and lower relative abundance of TM7. CONCLUSIONS This study provided basic data on the salivary microbiome of children with DS and showed the microbiological markers peculiar to children with DS. However, further research to identify the relationship with oral diseases is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiji Morishima
- The Lion Foundation for Dental Health, 1-3-7, Honjo, Sumida-ku, Tokyo, 130-8644, Japan.
| | - Kaori Takeda
- The Lion Foundation for Dental Health, 1-3-7, Honjo, Sumida-ku, Tokyo, 130-8644, Japan
| | - Setsue Greenan
- The Lion Foundation for Dental Health, 1-3-7, Honjo, Sumida-ku, Tokyo, 130-8644, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Maki
- The Lion Foundation for Dental Health, 1-3-7, Honjo, Sumida-ku, Tokyo, 130-8644, Japan
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Chen CL, Chang FC, Hung YM, Chou MC, Yip HT, Chang R, Wei JCC. Candida Infection as an Early Sign of Subsequent Sjögren's Syndrome: A Population-Based Matched Cohort Study. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 8:796324. [PMID: 35127751 PMCID: PMC8814339 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.796324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundCandida infection is prevalent in patients with Sjögren's syndrome (SjS), which usually takes years to reach diagnosis. Is the link a two-way street? The role of Candida infection before SjS has not been examined clearly. This study was conducted to provide epidemiological evidence regarding the relationship between the first acquisition of Candida infection and subsequent SjS.MethodsTotally, 23,494 individuals newly diagnosed with Candida infection were enrolled from 2000, to 2012. Controls (N = 93,976) were selected at a 1:4 ratio through propensity score matched (PSM) using the greedy algorithm. Exposure was defined according to the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) codes.Main Outcomes and MeasuresSjS was recorded in the Registry for Catastrophic Illness Patients Database (RCIPD). Cox proportional hazard model was used to analyze the association and sensitivity analyses for cross-validation.ResultsOf 117,470 individuals (106,077 [89%] women), 23,494 individuals (20.0%) had Candida infection and 104 individuals (0.1%) developed SjS. The incidence of SjS was higher in the exposed group compared with the controls (1.92 vs. 0. 98 per 10,000 person-years) with adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 1.90 (95% CI, 1.25–2.87). The aHRs in subgroups of aged 18–30 years, oral candidiasis and depression were 4.30 (95% CI, 1.60–11.55), 4.70 (4.70–13.93) and 6.34 (2.16–18.66). Sensitivity analyses yield consistent results.ConclusionsResidents in Taiwan with Candida infection have higher risk of SjS. For early diagnosis of SjS, clinicians are advised to take Candida infection into account in some situation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Lun Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Cherng Chang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Min Hung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal United Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Shu-Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Chia Chou
- Department of Recreation and Sports Management, Tajen University, Pingtung, Taiwan
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Pingtung Branch, Pingtung, Taiwan
- Department of Physical Therapy, Shu-Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Bioresources, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
- Mei-Chia Chou
| | - Hei-Tung Yip
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Public Health, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Renin Chang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Renin Chang
| | - James Cheng-Chung Wei
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- James Cheng-Chung Wei
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Serrano J, López-Pintor RM, Ramírez L, Fernández-Castro M, Sanz M, Melchor S, Peiteado D, Hernández G. Risk factors related to oral candidiasis in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2020; 25:e700-e705. [PMID: 32683379 PMCID: PMC7473438 DOI: 10.4317/medoral.23719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Candidiasis is the most frequent mycotic infection of the oral cavity. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of clinical oral candidiasis and Candida albicans yeast in a population diagnosed of primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) and to study the possible factors associated with this infection. MATERIAL AND METHODS An observational cross-sectional study was conducted in 61 pSS patients (60 women, 1 man, mean age 57.64±13.52) where patient based information (demographic and medical, tobacco and alcohol consumption history), intraoral parameters (presence of dentures, clinical signs of candidiasis), salivary analytical information (number of Candida albicans as colony-forming units per millilitre (CFU/mL), salivary pH levels, unstimulated whole saliva (UWS) and stimulated whole saliva (SWS) were collected. RESULTS 13.1% of pSS patients presented oral signs of candidiasis. Denture stomatitis and angular cheilitis were the most common lesions. 87.5% of patients with clinical candidiasis presented reduced pH levels and salivary flow in both UWS and SWS. A significant statistical negative correlation was found between CFU/mL of Candida albicans and levels of UWS and SWS. A negative correlation was found between pH levels and CFU/mL, although not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS A reduced salivary flow may predispose pSS patients to Candida albicans overgrowth, which may show with clinical signs. Preventive measures are of great importance to avoid and to treat this condition promptly.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Serrano
- Departamento de Especialidades Clínicas Odontológicas Facultad de Odontología Universidad Complutense de Madrid Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid. Spain
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Serrano J, López-Pintor RM, Fernández-Castro M, Ramírez L, Sanz M, Casañas E, García JA, Recuero S, Bohorquez C, Hernández G. Oral lesions in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome. A case-control cross-sectional study. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2020; 25:e137-e143. [PMID: 31880282 PMCID: PMC6982992 DOI: 10.4317/medoral.23254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate the presence of oral lesions in a group of patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) and compare these results with a matched control group (CG). MATERIAL AND METHODS An observational cross-sectional study was conducted. 61 pSS patients (60 women, 1 man, mean age 57.64±13.52) diagnosed according to the American European Criteria (2002), and 122 matched control patients (120 women, 2 men, mean age 60.02±13.13) were included. Demographic and medical data, oral lesions and salivary flow rate were collected. RESULTS Compared with the controls, pSS patients were 3.95 more likely to have oral lesions (OR 3.95; 95% CI 2.06-7.58; p=0.0001). 57.4% pSS patients presented oral lesions compared to 25.4% in CG. The most common were candidiasis (13.1% vs 2.5%), traumatic lesions (13.1% vs 4.1%), apthae (8.2% vs 0), and fissuration of the tongue (8.2% vs 0.8%). pSS patients with oral lesions had lower salivary flow levels (stimulated and unstimulated), although these differences were not significant. Significant associations were found between the presence of oral lesions and systemic manifestations and history of parotid gland enlargement in pSS patients. CONCLUSION pSS patients suffer more oral lesions than general population and these lesions may aggravate the pSS disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Serrano
- Departamento de Especialidades Clínicas Odontológicas Facultad de Odontología Universidad Complutense de Madrid Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid. Spain
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Nakajima M, Umezaki Y, Takeda S, Yamaguchi M, Suzuki N, Yoneda M, Hirofuji T, Sekitani H, Yamashita Y, Morita H. Association between oral candidiasis and bacterial pneumonia: A retrospective study. Oral Dis 2019; 26:234-237. [PMID: 31621985 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate associated risk factors for oral candidiasis in elderly patients hospitalized in a community-based acute-care hospital with no dental units. METHODS Two hundred and twenty-eight elderly patients (male: 105, female: 123), who were hospitalized with several systemic diseases in a community-based acute-care hospital from May 2014 to October 2016, were retrospectively analysed by multiple logistic regression. RESULTS Multiple logistic regression analysis shows that bacterial pneumonia has a statistically strong relationship with oral candidiasis (p = 0.000, OR: 5.173, 95% CI: 2.368-11.298). The order followed is poor oral hygiene (p = 0.001, OR: 6.095, 95% CI: 2.003-18.545) and severe dry mouth (p = 0.043, OR: 2.507, 95% CI: 1.031-6.098). Other correlated factors including diabetes mellitus, denture wearer, dysphagia, malnutrition, requiring care and use of inhalation steroids, were not statistically significant in this study. CONCLUSIONS Bacterial pneumonia correlates with oral candidiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Nakajima
- The Center for Visiting Dental Service, Fukuoka Dental College Medical and Dental General Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan.,Section of General Dentistry, Department of General Dentistry, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yojiro Umezaki
- The Center for Visiting Dental Service, Fukuoka Dental College Medical and Dental General Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan.,Section of Gerodontology, Department of General Dentistry, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Satoshi Takeda
- Fukuseikai Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fukuoka University Chikushi Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yamaguchi
- The Center for Visiting Dental Service, Fukuoka Dental College Medical and Dental General Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan.,Section of Gerodontology, Department of General Dentistry, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Nao Suzuki
- Section of Oral Public Health, Department of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yoneda
- Section of General Dentistry, Department of General Dentistry, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takao Hirofuji
- Section of General Dentistry, Department of General Dentistry, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | | | - Hiromitsu Morita
- The Center for Visiting Dental Service, Fukuoka Dental College Medical and Dental General Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan.,Section of General Dentistry, Department of General Dentistry, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan
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Ma J, Shi H, Sun H, Li J, Bai Y. Antifungal effect of photodynamic therapy mediated by curcumin on Candida albicans biofilms in vitro. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2019; 27:280-287. [PMID: 31233886 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2019.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Canida albicans can cause opportunistic infections ranging from superficial mucous membrane lesions to life-threatening disease. The aim of this study is to investigate the antifungal effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT) mediated by curcumin (CUR) on C. albicans biofilms in vitro. METHODS One standard strain ATCC 90028 and two clinical isolates from HIV (CCA1) and oral lichen planus (CCA2) patients' oral cavities were used in this study. Biofilms were photosensitized with 60 μM CUR and irradiated by light emitting diode (LED) under the wavelength of 455 nm and energy densities of 2.64, 5.28, 7.92, 10.56, 13.2 J/cm2. Then the antifungal effects of CUR-PDT were evaluated by XTT reduction assay and confocal light scanning microscopy (CLSM) observations. The effects of CUR-PDT on the expression levels of hypha-specific and biofilm-related genes including EFG1, UME6, HGC1 and ECE1 were assessed by quantitative Real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) method. RESULTS The inhibition rates after CUR-PDT in three biofilms(ATCC 90028, CCA1, CCA2)were 90.87%, 66.44% and 86.74% respectively (p < 0.05). Relative gene expression levels of EFG1, UME6, HGC1 and ECE1 were all downregulated after CUR-PDT, with fold-decrease of 6.865, 3.382, 2.167 and 6.887 in ATCC 90028, 2.466, 2.146, 1.627 and 3.102 in CCA1, and 5.406, 2.347, 2.073and 3.711 in CCA2 (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Curcumin-mediated PDT could effectively inactivateCandida albicans biofilms in vitro. Expression of genes involved in biofilms formation were downregulated after CUR-PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ma
- Institution: Department of Stomatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No.12, Rd. Wulumuqi, Shanghai, China.
| | - Hang Shi
- Institution: Department of Stomatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No.12, Rd. Wulumuqi, Shanghai, China.
| | - Hongying Sun
- Institution: Department of Stomatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No.12, Rd. Wulumuqi, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jiyang Li
- Institution: School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, No.826, Rd. Zhangheng, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yu Bai
- Institution: Department of Stomatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No.12, Rd. Wulumuqi, Shanghai, China.
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