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Gvoždík L. Individual variation in thermally induced plasticity of metabolic rates: ecological and evolutionary implications for a warming world. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2024; 379:20220494. [PMID: 38186270 PMCID: PMC10772608 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2022.0494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Energy metabolism is a fundamental property of life providing the energy for all processes and functions within an organism. As it is temperature-dependent, it mediates the effects of changing climate on ectotherm fitness and population dynamics. Though resting metabolic rate is a highly labile trait, part of its variation is individually consistent. Recent findings show that resting metabolic rate contains consistent variation not only in the elevations (intercepts) but also in the slopes of individual thermal dependence curves, challenging the thermal dependence assumption for this trait in several ectotherm taxa. I argue that among-individual variation in thermal metabolic curves represents a previously undetected component of ectotherm response to climate change, potentially affecting their adaptive capacity and population resilience under increasing stochasticity of thermal environment. Future studies need to examine not only the amount of among-individual variation in thermal metabolic curves across phylogenetic contexts but also other aspects concerning its mechanisms and adaptive significance to improve predictions about the impact of climate change on ectotherm population dynamics. This article is part of the theme issue 'The evolutionary significance of variation in metabolic rates'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lumír Gvoždík
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Květná 8, 60300 Brno, Czech Republic
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2
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Husain M, Rundle HD, Careau V. Among- and Within-Individual Variance in Metabolic Thermal Reaction Norms. ECOLOGICAL AND EVOLUTIONARY PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 97:64-70. [PMID: 38717371 DOI: 10.1086/729925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
AbstractIn ectotherms, temperature has a strong effect on metabolic rate (MR), yet the extent to which the thermal sensitivity of MR varies among versus within individuals is largely unknown. This is of interest because significant among-individual variation is a prerequisite for the evolution of metabolic thermal sensitivity. Here, we estimated the repeatability (R) of the thermal sensitivity of MR in individual virgin, adult male Drosophila melanogaster (N = 316 ) by taking repeated overnight measures of their MRs at two temperatures (~24°C and ~27°C). At the population level, thermal sensitivity decreased with locomotor activity, and older individuals showed a higher thermal sensitivity of MR than younger individuals. Taking these effects (and body mass) into account, we detected significant repeatability in both the centered intercept (R int = 0.52 ± 0.04 ) and the slope (R slp = 0.21 ± 0.07 ) of the metabolic thermal reaction norms, which respectively represent average MR and thermal sensitivity of MR. Furthermore, individuals with a higher overall MR also displayed greater increases in MR as temperature increased from ~24°C to ~27°C (r ind = 0.32 ± 0.14 ). Average MR and thermal sensitivity of MR were also positively correlated within individuals (r e = 0.15 ± 0.07 ). Our study represents a point of departure for future larger studies, in which more complex protocols (e.g., wider temperature range, breeding design) can be applied to quantify the causal components of variation in thermal sensitivity that are needed to make accurate predictions of adaptive responses to global warming.
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3
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González-Ferreras AM, Barquín J, Blyth PSA, Hawksley J, Kinsella H, Lauridsen R, Morris OF, Peñas FJ, Thomas GE, Woodward G, Zhao L, O'Gorman EJ. Chronic exposure to environmental temperature attenuates the thermal sensitivity of salmonids. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8309. [PMID: 38097543 PMCID: PMC10721842 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43478-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolism, the biological processing of energy and materials, scales predictably with temperature and body size. Temperature effects on metabolism are normally studied via acute exposures, which overlooks the capacity for organisms to moderate their metabolism following chronic exposure to warming. Here, we conduct respirometry assays in situ and after transplanting salmonid fish among different streams to disentangle the effects of chronic and acute thermal exposure. We find a clear temperature dependence of metabolism for the transplants, but not the in-situ assays, indicating that chronic exposure to warming can attenuate salmonid thermal sensitivity. A bioenergetic model accurately captures the presence of fish in warmer streams when accounting for chronic exposure, whereas it incorrectly predicts their local extinction with warming when incorporating the acute temperature dependence of metabolism. This highlights the need to incorporate the potential for thermal acclimation or adaptation when forecasting the consequences of global warming on ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexia M González-Ferreras
- IHCantabria - Instituto de Hidráulica Ambiental de la Universidad de Cantabria, C/Isabel Torres 15, 39011, Santander, Spain.
- School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, UK.
| | - Jose Barquín
- IHCantabria - Instituto de Hidráulica Ambiental de la Universidad de Cantabria, C/Isabel Torres 15, 39011, Santander, Spain
| | - Penelope S A Blyth
- Georgina Mace Centre for the Living Planet, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus, Buckhurst Road, Ascot, SL5 7PY, UK
- School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Jack Hawksley
- Georgina Mace Centre for the Living Planet, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus, Buckhurst Road, Ascot, SL5 7PY, UK
| | - Hugh Kinsella
- School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, UK
- Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Rasmus Lauridsen
- Game & Wildlife Conservation Trust, Salmon and Trout Research Centre, East Stoke, Wareham, BH20 6BB, UK
- Six Rivers Iceland, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
| | - Olivia F Morris
- Georgina Mace Centre for the Living Planet, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus, Buckhurst Road, Ascot, SL5 7PY, UK
| | - Francisco J Peñas
- IHCantabria - Instituto de Hidráulica Ambiental de la Universidad de Cantabria, C/Isabel Torres 15, 39011, Santander, Spain
| | - Gareth E Thomas
- School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, UK
- Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, SW7 5BD, UK
| | - Guy Woodward
- Georgina Mace Centre for the Living Planet, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus, Buckhurst Road, Ascot, SL5 7PY, UK
| | - Lei Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Eoin J O'Gorman
- School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, UK
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4
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Sun YX, Hu LS, Dong YW. Surviving hot summer: Roles of phenotypic plasticity of intertidal mobile species considering microhabitat environmental heterogeneity. J Therm Biol 2023; 117:103686. [PMID: 37669600 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2023.103686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
For species inhabiting warming and variable thermal environment, coordinated changes in heat tolerance to temperature fluctuations, which largely depend on phenotypic plasticity, are pivotal in buffering high temperatures. Determining the roles of phenotypic plasticity in wild populations and common garden experiments help us understand how organisms survive hot summer and the warming world. We thus monitored the operative temperature of the intertidal limpets Cellana toreuma in both emergent rock and tidal pool microhabitats from June to October 2021, determined the variations of upper thermal limits of short-term acclimated and long-term acclimated limpets from different microhabitats (emergent rock and tidal pool), and further calculated the relationship between the upper thermal limits and acclimation capacity. Our results indicated that living on the emergent rock, limpets encountered more extreme events in summer. For the short-term acclimated samples, limpets on the emergent rock exhibited obvious variations of sublethal thermal limit (i.e., Arrhenius Break Point of cardiac performance, ABT) during summer months, however, this variation of ABT was absent in the limpets in the tidal pool. After the laboratory long-term acclimation, the ABTs and FLTs (Flat Line Temperature of cardiac performance, as an indicator of lethal temperature) of limpets both on the rock and in the tidal pool increased significantly in October, implying the potential existence of selection during the hot summer. Our results further showed that environmental temperature was an important driver of phenotypic plasticity. This study highlighted the changes in the thermal tolerance of intertidal limpets during summer in different microhabitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Xu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Li-Sha Hu
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
| | - Yun-Wei Dong
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
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5
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The importance of intraspecific variation in litter consumption rate of aquatic and terrestrial macro-detritivores. Basic Appl Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.baae.2022.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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6
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Hope SF, Schmitt L, Lourdais O, Angelier F. Nature vs. Nurture: Disentangling the Influence of Inheritance, Incubation Temperature, and Post-Natal Care on Offspring Heart Rate and Metabolism in Zebra Finches. Front Physiol 2022; 13:892154. [PMID: 35620597 PMCID: PMC9127084 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.892154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A historic debate in biology is the question of nature vs. nurture. Although it is now known that most traits are a product of both heredity (“nature”) and the environment (“nurture”), these two driving forces of trait development are rarely examined together. In birds, one important aspect of the early developmental environment is egg incubation temperature. Small changes (<1°C) in incubation temperature can have large effects on a wide-array of offspring traits. One important trait is metabolism, because it is related to life-history traits and strategies, organismal performance, and energetic and behavioral strategies. Although it has been shown that embryonic and post-hatch metabolism are related to egg incubation temperature, little is known about how this may vary as a function of genetic differences or post-hatching environmental conditions. Here, we investigated this question in zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata). We experimentally incubated eggs at two different temperatures: 37.5°C (control), which is optimal for this species and 36.3°C (low), which is suboptimal. We first measured embryonic heart rate as a proxy of embryonic metabolic rate. Then, at hatch, we cross-fostered nestlings to differentiate genetic and pre-hatching factors from post-hatching environmental conditions. When offspring were 30 days-old, we measured their resting metabolic rate (RMR; within the thermoneutral zone) and thermoregulatory metabolic rate (TMR; 12°C; birds must actively thermoregulate). We also measured RMR and TMR of all genetic and foster parents. We found that embryonic heart rate was greater in eggs incubated at the control temperature than those at the low temperature. Further, embryonic heart rate was positively related to genetic father RMR, suggesting that it is both heritable and affected by the pre-natal environment. In addition, we found that post-hatch metabolic rates were positively related to genetic parent metabolic rate, and interactively related to incubation temperature and foster mother metabolic rate. Altogether, this suggests that metabolism and the energetic cost of thermoregulation can be influenced by genetics, the pre-natal environment, and the post-natal environment. Our study sheds light on how environmental changes and parental care may affect avian physiology, as well as which traits may be susceptible to natural selection.
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7
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Réveillon T, Rota T, Chauvet É, Lecerf A, Sentis A. Energetic mismatch induced by warming decreases leaf litter decomposition by aquatic detritivores. J Anim Ecol 2022; 91:1975-1987. [PMID: 35471565 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
1. The balance of energetic losses and gains is of paramount importance for understanding and predicting the persistence of populations and ecosystem processes in a rapidly changing world. Previous studies suggested that metabolic rate often increases faster with warming than resource ingestion rate, leading to an energetic mismatch at high temperature. However, little is known about the ecological consequences of this energetic mismatch for population demography and ecosystem functions. 2. Here, we combined laboratory experiments and modeling to investigate the energetic balance of a stream detritivore (Gammarus fossarum) along a temperature gradient and the consequences for detritivore populations and organic matter decomposition. 3. We experimentally measured the energetic losses (metabolic rate) and supplies (ingestion rate) of Gammarus and we modeled the impact of rising temperatures and changes in Gammarus body size induced by warming on population dynamics and benthic organic matter dynamics in freshwater systems. 4. Our experimental results indicated an energetic mismatch in a Gammarus population where losses via metabolic rate increase faster than supplies via food ingestion with warming, which translated in a decrease of energetic efficiency with temperature rising from 5 to 20 °C. Moreover, our consumer-resource model predicts a decrease in the biomass of Gammarus population with warming, associated with lower maximum abundances and steeper abundance decreases after biomass annual peaks. These changes resulted in a decrease of leaf litter decomposition rate and thus longer persistence of leaf litter standing stock over years in the simulations. In addition, Gammarus body size reductions led to shorter persistence for both leaf litter and Gammarus biomasses at low temperature and the opposite trend at high temperature, revealing that body size reduction was weakening the effect of temperature on resource and consumer persistence. 5. Our model contributes to identifying the mechanisms that explain how thermal effects at the level of individuals may cascade through trophic interactions and influence important ecosystem processes. Considering the balance of physiological processes is crucial to improve our ability to predict the impact of climate change on carbon stocks and ecosystem functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Réveillon
- Laboratoire écologie fonctionnelle et environnement, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INP, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Thibaut Rota
- Laboratoire écologie fonctionnelle et environnement, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INP, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Éric Chauvet
- Laboratoire écologie fonctionnelle et environnement, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INP, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Antoine Lecerf
- Laboratoire écologie fonctionnelle et environnement, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INP, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Arnaud Sentis
- INRAE, Aix Marseille Université, UMR RECOVER, 3275 route Cézanne, FR-13182, Aix-en-Provence, France
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8
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Abstract
AbstractPhenotypic plasticity is an important mechanism that allows populations to adjust to changing environments. Early life experiences can have lasting impacts on how individuals respond to environmental variation later in life (i.e., individual reaction norms), altering the capacity for populations to respond to selection. Here, we incubated lizard embryos (Lampropholis delicata) at two fluctuating developmental temperatures (cold = 23 ºC + / − 3 ºC, hot = 29 ºC + / − 3 ºC, ncold = 26, nhot = 25) to understand how it affected metabolic plasticity to temperature later in life. We repeatedly measured individual reaction norms across six temperatures 10 times over ~ 3.5 months (nobs = 3,818) to estimate the repeatability of average metabolic rate (intercept) and thermal plasticity (slope). The intercept and the slope of the population-level reaction norm was not affected by developmental temperature. Repeatability of average metabolic rate was, on average, 10% lower in hot incubated lizards but stable across all temperatures. The slope of the thermal reaction norm was overall moderately repeatable (R = 0.44, 95% CI = 0.035 – 0.93) suggesting that individual metabolic rate changed consistently with short-term changes in temperature, although credible intervals were quite broad. Importantly, reaction norm repeatability did not depend on early developmental temperature. Identifying factors affecting among-individual variation in thermal plasticity will be increasingly more important for terrestrial ectotherms living in changing climate. Our work implies that thermal metabolic plasticity is robust to early developmental temperatures and has the capacity to evolve, despite there being less consistent variation in metabolic rate under hot environments.
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Agulló V, García-Viguera C, Domínguez-Perles R. The use of alternative sweeteners (sucralose and stevia) in healthy soft-drink beverages, enhances the bioavailability of polyphenols relative to the classical caloric sucrose. Food Chem 2022; 370:131051. [PMID: 34530345 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The comparison of non-caloric sweeteners (stevia and sucralose) and sucrose, on the plasma concentration and cumulative effects of phenolic compounds, was achieved. A long-term intervention, consisting of the daily intake of 330 mL of healthy citrus-maqui soft drinks, for 60 days, by 138 healthy overweight adults, was followed. A total of 24 bioavailable metabolites derived from caffeic acid, 3,4-di-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, eriodictyol, homoeriodictyol, hippuric acid, naringenin, 2,4,6-tri-hydroxybenzaldehyde, and vanillic acid were detected in peripheral blood plasma. A similar augment of bioactive compounds in plasma concentrations were found for the three beverages, in the range 12.3% (day 0)- 85.3% (day 60), depending on the analyte considered. Due to this, the present study highlights sucralose and stevia as valuable alternatives to sucrose, providing and non-significantly different plasma concentration and cumulative effect in the plasma, thus contributing to prevent a diversity of metabolic disorders and health constraints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicente Agulló
- Phytochemistry and Healthy Foods Lab. (LabFAS) Department of Food Science and Technology, (CEBAS-CSIC), University Campus of Espinardo, Edif. 25, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Cristina García-Viguera
- Phytochemistry and Healthy Foods Lab. (LabFAS) Department of Food Science and Technology, (CEBAS-CSIC), University Campus of Espinardo, Edif. 25, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
| | - Raúl Domínguez-Perles
- Phytochemistry and Healthy Foods Lab. (LabFAS) Department of Food Science and Technology, (CEBAS-CSIC), University Campus of Espinardo, Edif. 25, 30100 Murcia, Spain
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10
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Benavente JN, Fryxell DC, Kinnison MT, Palkovacs EP, Simon KS. Plasticity and evolution shape the scaling of metabolism and excretion along a geothermal temperature gradient. Funct Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.14020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - David C Fryxell
- University of Auckland School of Environment Auckland New Zealand
| | | | - Eric P Palkovacs
- University of California Santa Cruz Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Santa Cruz CA USA
| | - Kevin S Simon
- University of Auckland School of Environment Auckland New Zealand
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11
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Total energy expenditure is repeatable in adults but not associated with short-term changes in body composition. Nat Commun 2022; 13:99. [PMID: 35013190 PMCID: PMC8748652 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27246-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Low total energy expenditure (TEE, MJ/d) has been a hypothesized risk factor for weight gain, but repeatability of TEE, a critical variable in longitudinal studies of energy balance, is understudied. We examine repeated doubly labeled water (DLW) measurements of TEE in 348 adults and 47 children from the IAEA DLW Database (mean ± SD time interval: 1.9 ± 2.9 y) to assess repeatability of TEE, and to examine if TEE adjusted for age, sex, fat-free mass, and fat mass is associated with changes in weight or body composition. Here, we report that repeatability of TEE is high for adults, but not children. Bivariate Bayesian mixed models show no among or within-individual correlation between body composition (fat mass or percentage) and unadjusted TEE in adults. For adults aged 20–60 y (N = 267; time interval: 7.4 ± 12.2 weeks), increases in adjusted TEE are associated with weight gain but not with changes in body composition; results are similar for subjects with intervals >4 weeks (N = 53; 29.1 ± 12.8 weeks). This suggests low TEE is not a risk factor for, and high TEE is not protective against, weight or body fat gain over the time intervals tested. Low total energy expenditure (TEE) has been a hypothesized risk factor for weight gain, but longitudinal repeatability of TEE is incompletely understood. Here the authors report that TEE is repeatable for adults, but not for children, and increases in TEE (adjusted for fat-free mass, fat mass, age and sex) are not associated with body composition changes in short-term longitudinal analyses.
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12
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Dezetter M, Dupoué A, Le Galliard J, Lourdais O. Additive effects of developmental acclimation and physiological syndromes on lifetime metabolic and water loss rates of a dry‐skinned ectotherm. Funct Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Dezetter
- CNRS Sorbonne UniversitéUMR 7618iEES ParisUniversité Pierre et Marie Curie Paris France
- Centre d’étude Biologique de Chizé CNRSUMR 7372 Villiers en Bois France
| | - Andréaz Dupoué
- CNRS Sorbonne UniversitéUMR 7618iEES ParisUniversité Pierre et Marie Curie Paris France
| | - Jean‐François Le Galliard
- CNRS Sorbonne UniversitéUMR 7618iEES ParisUniversité Pierre et Marie Curie Paris France
- Ecole Normale SupérieurePSL Research UniversityCNRSUMS 3194Centre de Recherche en Écologie Expérimentale et Prédictive (CEREEP‐Ecotron IleDeFrance) Saint‐Pierre‐lès‐Nemours France
| | - Olivier Lourdais
- Centre d’étude Biologique de Chizé CNRSUMR 7372 Villiers en Bois France
- School of Life Sciences Arizona State University Tempe AZ USA
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13
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Li X, Tan Y, Sun Y, Wang J, Dong Y. Microhabitat temperature variation combines with physiological variation to enhance thermal resilience of the intertidal mussel
Mytilisepta virgata. Funct Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao‐xu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science College of Ocean and Earth Sciences Xiamen University Xiamen China
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture Ministry of Education Fisheries College Ocean University of China Qingdao China
| | - Yue Tan
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture Ministry of Education Fisheries College Ocean University of China Qingdao China
| | - Yong‐xu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science College of Ocean and Earth Sciences Xiamen University Xiamen China
| | - Jie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture Ministry of Education Fisheries College Ocean University of China Qingdao China
- Function Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology Qingdao China
| | - Yun‐wei Dong
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture Ministry of Education Fisheries College Ocean University of China Qingdao China
- Function Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology Qingdao China
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14
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Synodinos AD, Haegeman B, Sentis A, Montoya JM. Theory of temperature-dependent consumer-resource interactions. Ecol Lett 2021; 24:1539-1555. [PMID: 34120390 PMCID: PMC7614043 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Changes in temperature affect consumer-resource interactions, which underpin the functioning of ecosystems. However, existing studies report contrasting predictions regarding the impacts of warming on biological rates and community dynamics. To improve prediction accuracy and comparability, we develop an approach that combines sensitivity analysis and aggregate parameters. The former determines which biological parameters impact the community most strongly. The use of aggregate parameters (i.e., maximal energetic efficiency, ρ, and interaction strength, κ), that combine multiple biological parameters, increases explanatory power and reduces the complexity of theoretical analyses. We illustrate the approach using empirically derived thermal dependence curves of biological rates and applying it to consumer-resource biomass ratio and community stability. Based on our analyses, we generate four predictions: (1) resource growth rate regulates biomass distributions at mild temperatures, (2) interaction strength alone determines the thermal boundaries of the community, (3) warming destabilises dynamics at low and mild temperatures only and (4) interactions strength must decrease faster than maximal energetic efficiency for warming to stabilise dynamics. We argue for the potential benefits of directly working with the aggregate parameters to increase the accuracy of predictions on warming impacts on food webs and promote cross-system comparisons.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bart Haegeman
- Theoretical and Experimental Ecology Station, CNRS, Moulis, France
| | - Arnaud Sentis
- INRAE, Aix Marseille University, UMR RECOVER, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - José M. Montoya
- Theoretical and Experimental Ecology Station, CNRS, Moulis, France
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15
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Tan S, Li P, Yao Z, Liu G, Yue B, Fu J, Chen J. Metabolic cold adaptation in the Asiatic toad: intraspecific comparison along an altitudinal gradient. J Comp Physiol B 2021; 191:765-776. [PMID: 34089366 DOI: 10.1007/s00360-021-01381-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The metabolic cold adaptation (MCA) hypothesis predicts an increase in metabolic rate and thermal sensitivity of poikilotherms from cold environments as compared to those from warm environments, when measured under standardized conditions. This compensatory response is also expected to evolve in life history and behavioral traits if the reductions in these phenotypic traits at low temperature involves in a reduction in fitness. We investigated the extent to which the level of energy intake (measured as feeding rate), energy turnover (measured as standard metabolic rate, SMR) and the energy budget (energy allocation to growth and physical activity) are influenced by climatic conditions in three populations of the Asiatic toad (Bufo gargarizans) distributed across an altitudinal gradient of 1350 m in the Qionglai Mountains of Western China. We found a similar thermal reaction norm of SMR at both population and individual levels; therefore, the data did not support the MCA hypothesis. However, there was a co-gradient variation (CoGV) for mass change rate in which the high and medium altitudinal populations displayed slower mass change rates than their counterparts from low altitudes. Moreover, this CoGV pattern was accompanied by a low feeding rate and high physical activity for the high- and medium-altitude populations. Our results highlight that adjustments in energy intake and energy allocation to behaviors, but not energy allocation to metabolism of maintenance, could act as an energetic strategy to accommodate the varied growth efficiency in Asiatic toads along an altitudinal gradient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Tan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization and Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19 (A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ping Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization and Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19 (A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhongyi Yao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization and Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19 (A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Gaohui Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization and Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, No.8, Dayangfang, Beiyuan, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Bisong Yue
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Jinzhong Fu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization and Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China.
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, N1G 2W1, Canada.
| | - Jingfeng Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization and Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19 (A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China.
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16
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Beverages Based on Second Quality Citrus Fruits and Maqui Berry, a Source of Bioactive (Poly)phenols: Sorting Out Urine Metabolites upon a Longitudinal Study. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13020312. [PMID: 33499139 PMCID: PMC7910882 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The intake of sugar-sweetened beverages has been associated with an augmented prevalence of metabolic diseases, namely, obesity, type II diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. On the other hand, nowadays, it is broadly accepted that foods and beverages rich in (poly)phenols could contribute to reducing the incidence of these pathologies. In this sense, the objective of the work was to revalue second quality citrus fruits for the development of new beverages, rich in anthocyanins and flavanones (maqui berry and second qualities citrus-based), and evaluate the influence of alternative sweeteners (sucralose, sucrose, or stevia), regarding the bioaccessibility and bioavailability of these bioactive compounds in the frame of a chronic (longitudinal) intervention. To fulfill this objective, a longitudinal study of the urinary excretion of anthocyanins and flavanones, after 2-months of ingestion of the developed maqui-citrus beverage, by 138 volunteers (n = 46 per beverage) and the analysis of the resulting phenolic metabolites by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-QqQ-MS/MS) was carried out. As major results, the bioavailable metabolites of caffeic acid (CA), catechol (CAT), 3,4-di-hydroxyphenylacetic acid (DHPAA), eriodictyol (E), homoeriodictyol (HE), hippuric acid (HA), naringenin (N), trans-ferulic acid (TFA), 2,4,6-tri-hydroxybenzaldehyde (THBA), trans-isoferulic acid (TIFA), and vanillic acid (VA) were detected. Accordingly, significantly different bioavailability was dependent on the sweetener used, allowing proposing stevia and, to a lower extent, sucralose, as valuable alternatives to sucrose.
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17
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Bideault A, Galiana N, Zelnik YR, Gravel D, Loreau M, Barbier M, Sentis A. Thermal mismatches in biological rates determine trophic control and biomass distribution under warming. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2021; 27:257-269. [PMID: 33084162 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Temperature has numerous effects on the structure and dynamics of ecological communities. Yet, there is no general trend or consensus on the magnitude and directions of these effects. To fill this gap, we propose a mechanistic framework based on key biological rates that predicts how temperature influences biomass distribution and trophic control in food webs. We show that these predictions arise from thermal mismatches between biological rates and across trophic levels. We couple our theory with experimental data for a wide range of species and find that warming should lead to top-heavier terrestrial food chains and stronger top-down control in aquatic environments. We then derive predictions for the effects of temperature on herbivory and validate them with data on stream grazers. Our study provides a mechanistic explanation of thermal effects on consumer-resource systems which is crucial to better understand the biogeography and the consequences of global warming on trophic dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azenor Bideault
- Département de biologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
- Center for Biodiversity Theory and Modelling, Experimental Ecology Station, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Moulis, France
| | - Núria Galiana
- Center for Biodiversity Theory and Modelling, Experimental Ecology Station, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Moulis, France
| | - Yuval R Zelnik
- Center for Biodiversity Theory and Modelling, Experimental Ecology Station, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Moulis, France
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Dominique Gravel
- Département de biologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Michel Loreau
- Center for Biodiversity Theory and Modelling, Experimental Ecology Station, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Moulis, France
| | - Matthieu Barbier
- Center for Biodiversity Theory and Modelling, Experimental Ecology Station, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Moulis, France
| | - Arnaud Sentis
- INRAE, Aix Marseille Univ., UMR RECOVER, Aix-en-Provence, France
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18
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Glazier DS, Gring JP, Holsopple JR, Gjoni V. Temperature effects on metabolic scaling of a keystone freshwater crustacean depend on fish-predation regime. J Exp Biol 2020; 223:jeb232322. [PMID: 33037112 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.232322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
According to the metabolic theory of ecology, metabolic rate, an important indicator of the pace of life, varies with body mass and temperature as a result of internal physical constraints. However, various ecological factors may also affect metabolic rate and its scaling with body mass. Although reports of such effects on metabolic scaling usually focus on single factors, the possibility of significant interactive effects between multiple factors requires further study. In this study, we show that the effect of temperature on the ontogenetic scaling of resting metabolic rate of the freshwater amphipod Gammarus minus depends critically on habitat differences in predation regime. Increasing temperature tends to cause decreases in the metabolic scaling exponent (slope) in population samples from springs with fish predators, but increases in population samples from springs without fish. Accordingly, the temperature sensitivity of metabolic rate is not only size-specific, but also its relationship to body size shifts dramatically in response to fish predators. We hypothesize that the dampened effect of temperature on the metabolic rate of large adults in springs with fish, and of small juveniles in springs without fish are adaptive evolutionary responses to differences in the relative mortality risk of adults and juveniles in springs with versus without fish predators. Our results demonstrate a complex interaction among metabolic rate, body mass, temperature and predation regime. The intraspecific scaling of metabolic rate with body mass and temperature is not merely the result of physical constraints related to internal body design and biochemical kinetics, but rather is ecologically sensitive and evolutionarily malleable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas S Glazier
- Department of Biology, Juniata College, 1700 Moore Street, Huntingdon, PA 16652, USA
| | - Jeffrey P Gring
- Department of Biology, Juniata College, 1700 Moore Street, Huntingdon, PA 16652, USA
- Coastal Resources, Inc., Annapolis, MD 21401, USA
| | - Jacob R Holsopple
- Department of Biology, Juniata College, 1700 Moore Street, Huntingdon, PA 16652, USA
| | - Vojsava Gjoni
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
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19
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Hagmayer A, Camenisch G, Canale C, Postma E, Bonnet T. Limited mass‐independent individual variation in resting metabolic rate in a wild population of snow voles (
Chionomys nivalis
). J Evol Biol 2020; 33:608-618. [DOI: 10.1111/jeb.13595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andres Hagmayer
- Department of Animal Sciences University of Wageningen Wageningen The Netherlands
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland
| | - Glauco Camenisch
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland
| | - Cindy Canale
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland
| | - Erik Postma
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation College of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Exeter Penryn UK
| | - Timothée Bonnet
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland
- Research School of Biology Australian National University College of Science Canberra ACT Australia
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20
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Agulló V, Villaño D, García-Viguera C, Domínguez-Perles R. Anthocyanin Metabolites in Human Urine after the Intake of New Functional Beverages. Molecules 2020; 25:E371. [PMID: 31963236 PMCID: PMC7024541 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25020371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sugar intake abuse is directly related with the increase of metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, obesity, and insulin resistance. Along this line, the development of new beverages using alternative sweeteners could help with combatting the pathophysiological disorders associated to the consumption of sugar. To provide evidence on this issue, in the present work, the bioavailability of anthocyanins was evaluated after the acute ingestion of a new maqui-citrus-based functional beverage rich in polyphenols, and supplemented with a range of sweeteners including sucrose (natural high caloric), stevia (natural non-caloric), and sucralose (artificial non-caloric), as an approach that would allow reducing the intake of sugars while providing bioactive phenolic compounds (anthocyanins). This approach allowed the evaluation of the maximum absorption and the diversity of metabolites excreted through urine. The beverages created were ingested by volunteers (n = 20) and the resulting anthocyanin metabolites in their urine were analyzed by UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS. A total of 29 degradation metabolites were detected: Caffeic acid, catechol, 3,4-dihidroxifenilacetic acid, hippuric acid, trans-ferulic acid, 2,4,6-trihydroxybenzaldehyde, trans-isoferulic acid, and vanillic acid derivatives, where peak concentrations were attained at 3.5 h after beverage intake. Sucralose was the sweetener that provided a higher bioavailability for most compounds, followed by stevia. Sucrose did not provide a remarkably higher bioavailability of any compounds in comparison with sucralose or stevia. The results propose two sweetener alternatives (sucralose and stevia) to sucrose, an overused high calorie sweetener that promotes some metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicente Agulló
- Phytochemistry and Healthy Foods Lab. Group of Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods. Department of Food Science and Technology, (CEBAS-CSIC), University Campus Espinardo 25, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Débora Villaño
- Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM), Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Campus de los Jerónimos, Guadalupe, 30107 Murcia, Spain
| | - Cristina García-Viguera
- Phytochemistry and Healthy Foods Lab. Group of Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods. Department of Food Science and Technology, (CEBAS-CSIC), University Campus Espinardo 25, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Raúl Domínguez-Perles
- Phytochemistry and Healthy Foods Lab. Group of Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods. Department of Food Science and Technology, (CEBAS-CSIC), University Campus Espinardo 25, 30100 Murcia, Spain
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21
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Alternative Sweeteners Modify the Urinary Excretion of Flavanones Metabolites Ingested through a New Maqui-Berry Beverage. Foods 2020; 9:foods9010041. [PMID: 31947712 PMCID: PMC7022940 DOI: 10.3390/foods9010041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary sugar has been largely related to the onset of metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes and obesity, among others. The growing awareness on the close relationship between the dietary habits and this health disturbance has encouraged the development of new beverages using alternative sweeteners that could contribute to combat the above referred pathophysiological disorders. To gain further insight into this issue, the present work, upon an acute dietary intervention, evaluated the urinary excretion of flavanones ingested through polyphenols-rich beverages composed of maqui berry and citrus, with the aim of establishing the highest urinary excretion rate and metabolite profiles. The functional beverages evaluated were supplemented with a range of sweeteners including sucrose (natural and high caloric), stevia (natural and non-caloric), and sucralose (artificial and non-caloric) as an approach that would allow reducing the intake of sugars and provide bioactive phenolics (flavanones). The juices developed were ingested by volunteers (n = 20) and the resulting flavanones and their phase II metabolites in urine were analyzed by Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography ElectroSpray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS). A total of 16 metabolites were detected: eriodyctiol, naringenin, and homoeriodyctiol derivatives, where peak concentrations were attained 3.5 h after beverage intake. Sucralose and stevia were the sweeteners that provided the highest urinary excretion for most compounds. Sucrose did not provide a remarkable higher elimination through urine of any compounds in comparison with sucralose or stevia. These results propose two alternative sweeteners to sucrose (sucralose and stevia), an overused, high caloric sweetener that promotes some metabolic diseases.
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