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Jiménez Herrero J, Desiderato A, Vieira PE, Tavares AM, Queiroga H, Santos R. Functional traits of ecosystem engineers as predictors of associated fauna. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 202:106743. [PMID: 39265324 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2024.106743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 09/03/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/14/2024]
Abstract
The ongoing combination of global warming and increased anthropogenic pressure is causing latitudinal shifts in marine species, potentially impacting community composition, local richness, and marine trophic webs. This study investigates the factors influencing the distribution and diversity of intertidal seaweed and associated peracarid communities, including their functional traits, and explores various facets of beta diversity (taxonomic and functional). We hypothesize that: 1) abiotic factors such as temperature and anthropogenic pressure significantly influence seaweed distribution and diversity shifts, and 2) changes in seaweed functional diversity have an impact on the diversity and functioning of its associated peracarid communities. The sampling was conducted along a wide latitudinal gradient in the NE Atlantic (27°N - 65°N), encompassing three distinct ecoregions: Northern European coasts, the Iberian Peninsula, and Macaronesia. The identified seaweed and peracarid species were classified functionally, and taxonomic and functional diversity were analysed on a large geographic scale. The northern region exhibited large brown canopy seaweeds and epibiotic isopods, while Macaronesia featured small red, highly branched, and calcareous crust seaweeds with burrower and tube-building tanaids. The Iberian Peninsula acted as a transitional zone, showcasing a mix of green, red, and brown seaweeds, along with Amphipoda peracarids found across all ecoregions. Our findings underscore the impact of geographic distance on total beta diversity, revealing distinct seaweed and peracarid communities across spatial gradients. Environmental variables, particularly pH and maximum sea surface temperature, emerged as significant factors influencing beta diversity patterns of seaweeds, indicating the potential impact of acidification and heat waves on community composition. In addition, seaweed functional traits were shown to be significant in shaping the diversity and abundance of associated peracarid assemblages, impacting both taxonomic and functional beta diversity. These findings provide crucial insights into the factors influencing the biogeography and biodiversity dynamics of intertidal seaweeds and associated peracarids, offering essential implications for conservation and management strategies amid ongoing environmental changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Jiménez Herrero
- Marine Plant Ecology Research Group, CCMAR, Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal.
| | - Andrea Desiderato
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Hydrobiology, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237, Lodz, Poland; Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Pedro Emanuel Vieira
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ana Mafalda Tavares
- Marine Plant Ecology Research Group, CCMAR, Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - Henrique Queiroga
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rui Santos
- Marine Plant Ecology Research Group, CCMAR, Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
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Eger AM, Marzinelli EM, Christie H, Fagerli CW, Fujita D, Gonzalez AP, Hong SW, Kim JH, Lee LC, McHugh TA, Nishihara GN, Tatsumi M, Steinberg PD, Vergés A. Global kelp forest restoration: past lessons, present status, and future directions. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2022; 97:1449-1475. [PMID: 35255531 PMCID: PMC9543053 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Kelp forest ecosystems and their associated ecosystem services are declining around the world. In response, marine managers are working to restore and counteract these declines. Kelp restoration first started in the 1700s in Japan and since then has spread across the globe. Restoration efforts, however, have been largely disconnected, with varying methodologies trialled by different actors in different countries. Moreover, a small subset of these efforts are 'afforestation', which focuses on creating new kelp habitat, as opposed to restoring kelp where it previously existed. To distil lessons learned over the last 300 years of kelp restoration, we review the history of kelp restoration (including afforestation) around the world and synthesise the results of 259 documented restoration attempts spanning from 1957 to 2020, across 16 countries, five languages, and multiple user groups. Our results show that kelp restoration projects have increased in frequency, have employed 10 different methodologies and targeted 17 different kelp genera. Of these projects, the majority have been led by academics (62%), have been conducted at sizes of less than 1 ha (80%) and took place over time spans of less than 2 years. We show that projects are most successful when they are located near existing kelp forests. Further, disturbance events such as sea-urchin grazing are identified as regular causes of project failure. Costs for restoration are historically high, averaging hundreds of thousands of dollars per hectare, therefore we explore avenues to reduce these costs and suggest financial and legal pathways for scaling up future restoration efforts. One key suggestion is the creation of a living database which serves as a platform for recording restoration projects, showcasing and/or re-analysing existing data, and providing updated information. Our work establishes the groundwork to provide adaptive and relevant recommendations on best practices for kelp restoration projects today and into the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron M. Eger
- Centre for Marine Science and Innovation & Ecology and Evolution Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental SciencesThe University of New South WalesSydneyNSW2052
| | - Ezequiel M. Marzinelli
- The University of Sydney, School of Life and Environmental SciencesSydneyNSW2006Australia
- Sydney Institute of Marine Science19 Chowder Bay RdMosmanNSW2088Australia
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences EngineeringNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore637551Singapore
| | - Hartvig Christie
- Norwegian Institute for Water ResearchØkernveien 94Oslo0579Norway
| | | | - Daisuke Fujita
- University of Tokyo Marine Science and Technology, School of Marine Bioresources, Applied PhycologyKonan, Minato‐kuTokyo108‐8477Japan
| | - Alejandra P. Gonzalez
- Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de CienciasUniversidad de ChileLas Palmeras 3425, ÑuñoaSantiagoChile
| | - Seok Woo Hong
- Department of Biological SciencesSungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon2066South Korea
| | - Jeong Ha Kim
- Department of Biological SciencesSungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon2066South Korea
| | - Lynn C. Lee
- Gwaii Haanas National Park Reserve, National Marine Conservation Area Reserve, and Haida Heritage Site60 Second Beach Road, SkidegateHaida GwaiiBCV0T 1S1Canada
- Canada & School of Environmental Sciences, University of Victoria3800 Finnerty RoadVictoriaBCV8P 5C2Canada
| | - Tristin Anoush McHugh
- Reef Check Foundation, Long Marine Laboratory115 McAllister RoadSanta CruzCA95060U.S.A.
- Present address:
The Nature Conservancy830 S StreetSacramentoCA95811U.S.A.
| | - Gregory N. Nishihara
- Organization for Marine Science and TechnologyInstitute for East China Sea Research, Nagasaki University1551‐7 Taira‐machiNagasaki City851‐2213Japan
| | - Masayuki Tatsumi
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of TasmaniaHobartTAS7004Australia
| | - Peter D. Steinberg
- Centre for Marine Science and Innovation & Ecology and Evolution Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental SciencesThe University of New South WalesSydneyNSW2052
- Sydney Institute of Marine Science19 Chowder Bay RdMosmanNSW2088Australia
| | - Adriana Vergés
- Centre for Marine Science and Innovation & Ecology and Evolution Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental SciencesThe University of New South WalesSydneyNSW2052
- Sydney Institute of Marine Science19 Chowder Bay RdMosmanNSW2088Australia
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Aguilar S, Moore PJ, Uribe RA. Habitat formed by the invasive macroalga Caulerpa filiformis (Suhr) Hering (Caulerpales, Chlorophyta) alters benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages in Peru. Biol Invasions 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-022-02847-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Giraldo-Ospina A, Kendrick GA, Hovey RK. Reproductive Output, Synchrony across Depth and Influence of Source Depth in the Development of Early Life stages of Kelp. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2021; 57:311-323. [PMID: 33150586 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.13095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Ecklonia radiata is the main foundation species in Australian temperate reefs, yet little has been published on its reproduction and how this may change across its depth range (1-50+ m). In this study, we examined differences in sporophyte morphology and zoospore production during a reproductive season and across four depths (7, 15, 25, and 40 m). Additionally, we examined differences in germination rate, survival, and morphological traits of gametophytes obtained from these four depths, cultured under the same light and temperature conditions. Multivariate morphology of sporophytes differed significantly between deep (~40 m) and shallow sites (7 and 15 m), but individual morphological traits were not significantly different across depths. Total spore production was similar across depths but the peak of zoospore release was observed in February at 15 m of depth (6,154 zoospores · mm-2 of tissue) and the minimum observed in January at 7, 25, and 40 m (1,141, 987, and 214 zoospores · mm-2 of tissue, respectively). The source depth of zoospores did not have an influence in the germination rate or the survival of gametophytes, and only gametophytes sourced from 40 m sites presented significantly less surface area and number of branches. Overall, these results indicate that E. radiata's reproductive performance does not change across its depth range and that kelp beds reproducing in deeper areas may contribute to the replenishment of their shallow counterparts. We propose that deep kelps may constitute a mechanism of resilience against climate change and anthropogenic disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Giraldo-Ospina
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
- Oceans Institute, The University of Western Australia, 64 Fairway, Crawley, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
| | - Gary A Kendrick
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
- Oceans Institute, The University of Western Australia, 64 Fairway, Crawley, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
| | - Renae K Hovey
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
- Oceans Institute, The University of Western Australia, 64 Fairway, Crawley, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
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Belattmania Z, Chaouti A, Engelen AH, Serrao EA, Machado M, Reani A, Sabour B. Spatiotemporal variation of the epifaunal assemblages associated to Sargassum muticum on the NW Atlantic coast of Morocco. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:35501-35514. [PMID: 32594439 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09851-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Epifaunal assemblages inhabiting the non-indigenous macroalga Sargassum muticum (Yendo) Fensholt were investigated on two physically distinct intertidal rocky (S1) and sandy (S2) sites along the Atlantic coast of Morocco. The objective of this study was to test whether the habitat-forming marine alga S. muticum invasive in these sites supported different epifaunal assemblages under different environmental conditions and through time. The gastropods Steromphala umbilicalis, S. pennanti, and Rissoa parva and the isopod Dynamene bidentata were the most contributive species to the dissimilarity of epifaunal assemblage structure between both sites throughout seasons. SIMPER analysis showed a dissimilarity of 58.3-78.5% in the associated species composition of S. muticum between study sites with respect to sampling season. Species diversity and total abundance were significantly higher at the rocky site compared to the sandy site. PERMANOVA analyses showed significant differences of associated epifaunal assemblage structure for the season and site interaction. Accordingly, site and season were determinant factors conditioning the role of habitat in structuring epifaunal assemblages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahira Belattmania
- Research Unit "Phycology, Blue Biodiversity and Biotechnology," Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Chouaib Doukkali, El Jadida, Morocco.
| | - Abdellatif Chaouti
- Research Unit "Phycology, Blue Biodiversity and Biotechnology," Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Chouaib Doukkali, El Jadida, Morocco
| | - Aschwin H Engelen
- CCMAR - Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Ester A Serrao
- CCMAR - Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Margarida Machado
- CCMAR - Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Abdeltif Reani
- Research Unit "Phycology, Blue Biodiversity and Biotechnology," Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Chouaib Doukkali, El Jadida, Morocco
| | - Brahim Sabour
- Research Unit "Phycology, Blue Biodiversity and Biotechnology," Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Chouaib Doukkali, El Jadida, Morocco
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Shelamoff V, Layton C, Tatsumi M, Cameron MJ, Wright J JT, Edgar GJ, Johnson CR. High kelp density attracts fishes except for recruiting cryptobenthic species. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 161:105127. [PMID: 32889445 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2020.105127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
As foundation species, kelp support productive and species rich communities; however, the effects of kelp structure on mobile species within these complex natural systems are often difficult to assess. We used artificial reefs with transplanted kelp to quantify the influence of kelp patch size and density on fish assemblages including the arrival of recruiting cryptobenthic species. Large patches with dense kelp supported the highest abundance, species richness, and diversity of fishes, with the addition of dense kelp tripling biomass and doubling richness. The abundance of recruits in artificial collectors declined with patch size and was halved on reefs with sparse kelp compared to reefs with dense kelp or no kelp. These results highlight the importance of dense kelp cover in facilitating biodiversity and indicate that kelp addition could support the recovery of degraded coastal ecosystems. Kelp also apparently drives complex interactions affecting the recruitment/behaviour of some cryptobenthic species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Shelamoff
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart TAS, 7004, Australia.
| | - Cayne Layton
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart TAS, 7004, Australia
| | - Masayuki Tatsumi
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart TAS, 7004, Australia
| | - Matthew J Cameron
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart TAS, 7004, Australia
| | - Jeffrey T Wright J
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart TAS, 7004, Australia
| | - Graham J Edgar
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart TAS, 7004, Australia
| | - Craig R Johnson
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart TAS, 7004, Australia
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Vozzo ML, Cumbo VR, Crosswell JR, Bishop MJ. Wave energy alters biodiversity by shaping intraspecific traits of a habitat‐forming species. OIKOS 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.07590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria L. Vozzo
- Dept of Biological Sciences, Macquarie Univ. North Ryde NSW 2109 Australia
- Sydney Inst. of Marine Science Mosman NSW 2088 Australia
| | - Vivian R. Cumbo
- Dept of Biological Sciences, Macquarie Univ. North Ryde NSW 2109 Australia
| | | | - Melanie J. Bishop
- Dept of Biological Sciences, Macquarie Univ. North Ryde NSW 2109 Australia
- Sydney Inst. of Marine Science Mosman NSW 2088 Australia
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Campos L, Ortiz M, Rodríguez-Zaragoza FA, Oses R. Macrobenthic community establishment on artificial reefs with Macrocystis pyrifera over barren-ground and soft-bottom habitats. Glob Ecol Conserv 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2020.e01184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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