1
|
Dansereau G, Barros C, Poisot T. Spatially explicit predictions of food web structure from regional-level data. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2024; 379:20230166. [PMID: 39034704 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2023.0166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Knowledge about how ecological networks vary across global scales is currently limited given the complexity of acquiring repeated spatial data for species interactions. Yet, recent developments in metawebs highlight efficient ways to first document possible interactions within regional species pools. Downscaling metawebs towards local network predictions is a promising approach to using the current data to investigate the variation of networks across space. However, issues remain in how to represent the spatial variability and uncertainty of species interactions, especially for large-scale food webs. Here, we present a probabilistic framework to downscale a metaweb based on the Canadian mammal metaweb and species occurrences from global databases. We investigated how our approach can be used to represent the variability of networks and communities between ecoregions in Canada. Species richness and interactions followed a similar latitudinal gradient across ecoregions but simultaneously identified contrasting diversity hotspots. Network motifs revealed additional areas of variation in network structure compared with species richness and number of links. Our method offers the potential to bring global predictions down to a more actionable local scale, and increases the diversity of ecological networks that can be projected in space. This article is part of the theme issue 'Connected interactions: enriching food web research by spatial and social interactions'.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Dansereau
- Département de Sciences Biologiques, Université de Montréal , Montreal, Quebec H2V 0B3, Canada
- Quebec Centre for Biodiversity Science , Montréal, Quebec H3A 1B1, Canada
| | - Ceres Barros
- Department of Forest Resources Management, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Timothée Poisot
- Département de Sciences Biologiques, Université de Montréal , Montreal, Quebec H2V 0B3, Canada
- Quebec Centre for Biodiversity Science , Montréal, Quebec H3A 1B1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Alahuhta J, García-Girón J, Hjort J, Salminen H, Tukiainen H, Heino J. Quantitative measurement of geodiversity uniqueness: research implications and conservation applications. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2024; 382:20230056. [PMID: 38342212 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2023.0056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Quantitative approaches are needed to complement qualitative explorations to identify sites with unique geodiversity and thereby guide geoconservation and geoheritage programmes. Here, we introduce the concept and associated index of 'geodiversity uniqueness'. This index is based on a numerical analysis of geofeatures and allows the identification of sites with unique geodiversity in a study area. We applied this approach to geofeature data from three areas in Finland. Our results showed that patterns of geodiversity uniqueness varied profoundly among the three study areas and across sites within each area. This was due to different sets of geofeatures and distinct characteristics of each study area. More importantly, the approach presented here was robust across the datasets and selection criteria for sets of sites, showing potential for geoconservation in each study area. The geodiversity uniqueness approach is a promising starting point to identify and map sites with unique geodiversity that can be further verified using field observations. To improve our knowledge of geodiversity variation, complementary approaches providing objective information on contributions to total beta geodiversity are needed to advance geoconservation programmes across areas and different spatial scales. This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue 'Geodiversity for science and society'.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janne Alahuhta
- Geography Research Unit, University of Oulu, Pentti Kaiteran Katu 1, 90570 Oulu, Finland
| | - Jorge García-Girón
- Geography Research Unit, University of Oulu, Pentti Kaiteran Katu 1, 90570 Oulu, Finland
- Department of Biodiversity and Environmental Management, Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | - Jan Hjort
- Geography Research Unit, University of Oulu, Pentti Kaiteran Katu 1, 90570 Oulu, Finland
| | - Henriikka Salminen
- Geography Research Unit, University of Oulu, Pentti Kaiteran Katu 1, 90570 Oulu, Finland
| | - Helena Tukiainen
- Geography Research Unit, University of Oulu, Pentti Kaiteran Katu 1, 90570 Oulu, Finland
| | - Jani Heino
- Geography Research Unit, University of Oulu, Pentti Kaiteran Katu 1, 90570 Oulu, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Forero-Muñoz NR, Muylaert RL, Seifert SN, Albery GF, Becker DJ, Carlson CJ, Poisot T. The coevolutionary mosaic of bat betacoronavirus emergence risk. Virus Evol 2023; 10:vead079. [PMID: 38361817 PMCID: PMC10868545 DOI: 10.1093/ve/vead079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Pathogen evolution is one of the least predictable components of disease emergence, particularly in nature. Here, building on principles established by the geographic mosaic theory of coevolution, we develop a quantitative, spatially explicit framework for mapping the evolutionary risk of viral emergence. Driven by interest in diseases like Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), and Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), we examine the global biogeography of bat-origin betacoronaviruses, and find that coevolutionary principles suggest geographies of risk that are distinct from the hotspots and coldspots of host richness. Further, our framework helps explain patterns like a unique pool of merbecoviruses in the Neotropics, a recently discovered lineage of divergent nobecoviruses in Madagascar, and-most importantly-hotspots of diversification in southeast Asia, sub-Saharan Africa, and the Middle East that correspond to the site of previous zoonotic emergence events. Our framework may help identify hotspots of future risk that have also been previously overlooked, like West Africa and the Indian subcontinent, and may more broadly help researchers understand how host ecology shapes the evolution and diversity of pandemic threats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Norma R Forero-Muñoz
- Département de Sciences Biologiques, Université de Montréal, 1375 Avenue Thérèse-Lavoie-Roux, Montréal (Québec) H2V 0B3, Canada
- Québec Centre for Biodiversity Sciences
| | - Renata L Muylaert
- Molecular Epidemiology and Public Health Laboratory, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, New Zealand
| | - Stephanie N Seifert
- Paul G. Allen School for Global Health, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
| | - Gregory F Albery
- Department of Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Daniel J Becker
- Department of Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
| | - Colin J Carlson
- Department of Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
- Center for Global Health Science and Security, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Timothée Poisot
- Département de Sciences Biologiques, Université de Montréal, 1375 Avenue Thérèse-Lavoie-Roux, Montréal (Québec) H2V 0B3, Canada
- Québec Centre for Biodiversity Sciences
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
González-Pérez A, Álvarez-Esteban R, Penas Á, del Río S. Bioclimatic Characterisation of Specific Native Californian Pinales and Their Future Suitability under Climate Change. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1966. [PMID: 37653883 PMCID: PMC10224251 DOI: 10.3390/plants12101966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Rising temperatures and changes in precipitation patterns under climate change scenarios are accelerating the depletion of soil moisture and increasing the risk of drought, disrupting the conditions that many plant species need to survive. This study aims to establish the bioclimatic characterisation, both qualitative and quantitative, of ten native Californian Pinales for the period 1980-2019, and to determine their habitat suitability by 2050. To achieve this, an exhaustive search of the Gbif database for records of ten conifer taxa was carried out. To conduct the bioclimatic characterisation of the studied taxa, we worked with the monthly values of average temperature and precipitation for the period 1980-2019 from 177 meteorological stations. Linear regressions was performed in order to compile the future evolution of California's climate. Suitable areas and optimal areas were defined at the present time (1980-2019) and its future projection (2050). We applied Boolean logic and, in this investigation, the Conditional Logic Operator (CON) was used to determine the possible species presence (one) or absence (zero) for each of the 15 variables analysed. In general, most of the conifers studied here will experience a reduction in their habitat range in California by the year 2050 due to climate change, as well as the displacement of species towards optimal areas. Furthermore, the results have highlighted the applicability of bioclimatology to future conditions under climate change. This will aid conservation managers in implementing strategic measures to ameliorate the detrimental impacts of climate change, thereby ensuring the ecological integrity and sustainability of the affected conifer species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro González-Pérez
- Department of Biodiversity and Environmental Management (Botany Area), Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Leon, Campus de Vegazana s/n, 24071 León, Spain
| | - Ramón Álvarez-Esteban
- Department of Economics and Statistics (Statistics and Operations Research Area), Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Leon, Campus de Vegazana s/n, 24071 León, Spain;
| | - Ángel Penas
- Department of Biodiversity and Environmental Management (Botany Area), Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Leon, Mountain Livestock Institute CSIC-UNILEON, Campus de Vegazana s/n, 24071 León, Spain; (Á.P.); (S.d.R.)
| | - Sara del Río
- Department of Biodiversity and Environmental Management (Botany Area), Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Leon, Mountain Livestock Institute CSIC-UNILEON, Campus de Vegazana s/n, 24071 León, Spain; (Á.P.); (S.d.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Pérez-Granados C, Schuchmann KL. Automated signal recognition as a useful tool for monitoring little-studied species: The case of the Band-tailed Nighthawk. ECOL INFORM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoinf.2022.101861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
6
|
Gavioli A, Milardi M, Soininen J, Soana E, Lanzoni M, Castaldelli G. How does invasion degree shape alpha and beta diversity of freshwater fish at a regional scale? Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e9493. [PMCID: PMC9643121 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.9493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Gavioli
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences University of Ferrara Ferrara Italy
| | - Marco Milardi
- Fisheries New Zealand ‐ Tini a Tangaroa, Ministry for Primary Industries ‐ Manatū Ahu Matua Wellington New Zealand
| | - Janne Soininen
- Department of Geosciences and Geography University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
| | - Elisa Soana
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences University of Ferrara Ferrara Italy
| | - Mattia Lanzoni
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences University of Ferrara Ferrara Italy
| | - Giuseppe Castaldelli
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences University of Ferrara Ferrara Italy
| |
Collapse
|