Dalton CL, Kim SE, Biedrzycki AH, Mullen KM. Minimally invasive repair of acetabular fractures in dogs: Ex vivo feasibility study and case report.
Vet Surg 2023;
52:836-845. [PMID:
36732925 DOI:
10.1111/vsu.13937]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
To describe and evaluate minimally invasive repair of acetabular fractures in dogs using plates contoured to 3D-printed hemipelvic models.
STUDY DESIGN
Ex vivo feasibility study and case report.
SAMPLE POPULATION
Adult canine cadavers (n = 5); 8 year old male neutered Chihuahua.
METHODS
Bone plates were contoured to 3D printed hemipelvic models derived from computed tomographic scans of each dog. In cadavers, acetabular, ischial, and pubic osteotomies were performed. A small craniolateral approach to the ilial body and a caudal approach to the ischium were made and connected through epiperiosteal tunnels. Under fluoroscopic guidance, fractures were reduced, and precontoured bone plates were applied with locking screws. Postoperative computed tomographic images were used to assess fracture gaps, step defects, and pelvic angulation. Cadavers were dissected for subjective assessment of sciatic nerve injury. Radiographic and clinical follow up was acquired for the clinical case.
RESULTS
Small fracture gaps (<2 mm) and step defects (<1 mm), low pelvic angulation (<5°), and minimal (none n = 4 and mild n = 1) sciatic nerve injuries were observed in cadaver testing. There was slight (~1 mm) medial displacement of the pubic segment and good functional outcome for the clinical case, with radiographic healing documented at 3 months postoperatively.
CONCLUSION
Minimally invasive acetabular fracture repair in dogs with the aid of 3D printing was feasible and accurate.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
Minimally invasive repair techniques assisted by 3D printing may be applicable for acetabular fractures in dogs. The technique should be evaluated further before routine use can be recommended.
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