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Lima LC, Cumino DDO, Vieira AM, Silva CHRD, Neville MFL, Marques FO, Quintão VC, Carlos RV, Fujita ACG, Barros HÍM, Garcia DB, Ferreira CBT, Barros GAMD, Módolo NSP. Recommendations from the Brazilian Society of Anesthesiology (SBA) for difficult airway management in pediatric care. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF ANESTHESIOLOGY (ELSEVIER) 2024; 74:744478. [PMID: 38147975 PMCID: PMC10877349 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjane.2023.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Difficult airway management in pediatrics during anesthesia represents a major challenge, requiring a careful approach, advanced technical expertise, and accurate protocols. The task force of the Brazilian Society of Anesthesiology (SBA) presents a report containing updated recommendations for the management of difficult airways in children and neonates. These recommendations have been developed based on the consensus of a panel of experts, with the objective of offering strategies to overcome challenges during airway management in pediatric patients. Grounded in evidence published in international guidelines and expert opinions, the report highlights crucial steps for the appropriate management of difficult airways in pediatrics, encompassing assessment, preparation, positioning, pre-oxygenation, minimizing trauma, and, paramountly, the maintenance of arterial oxygenation. The report also delves into additional strategies involving the use of advanced tools, such as video laryngoscopy, flexible intubating bronchoscopy, and supraglottic devices. Emphasis is placed on the simplicity of implementing the outlined recommendations, with a focus on the significance of continuous education, training through realistic simulations, and familiarity with the latest available technologies. These practices are deemed essential to ensure procedural safety and contribute to the enhancement of anesthesia outcomes in pediatrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Cavalcanti Lima
- Instituto Medicina Integral Professor Fernando Figueira, Recife, PE, Brazil; Faculdade Pernambucana de Saúde, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Débora de Oliveira Cumino
- Hospital Infantil Sabará, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Serviço de Anestesiologia Pediátrica/SAPE, Brazil; Hospital Municipal Menino Jesus, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Mariana Fontes Lima Neville
- Hospital Infantil Sabará, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Disciplina de Anestesiologia, Dor e Terapia Intensiva, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Serviço de Anestesiologia Pediátrica/SAPE, Brazil
| | | | - Vinicius Caldeira Quintão
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Disciplina de Anestesiologia, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Vieira Carlos
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clínicas, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Carla Giosa Fujita
- Hospital Infantil Sabará, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Serviço de Anestesiologia Pediátrica/SAPE, Brazil; Hospital Municipal Menino Jesus, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Hugo Ítalo Melo Barros
- Hospital Infantil Sabará, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Serviço de Anestesiologia Pediátrica/SAPE, Brazil; Hospital Municipal Menino Jesus, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Guilherme Antonio Moreira de Barros
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu (FMB), Departamento de Especialidades Cirúrgicas e Anestesiologia, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Norma Sueli Pinheiro Módolo
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu (FMB), Departamento de Especialidades Cirúrgicas e Anestesiologia, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
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Miller M, Storey H, Andrew J, Christian E, Hayes-Bradley C. Out-of-Hospital Pediatric Video Laryngoscopy With an Adult Device: A Case Series Presented With a Contemporary Group Intubated With Direct Laryngoscopy. Pediatr Emerg Care 2023; 39:666-671. [PMID: 36790879 DOI: 10.1097/pec.0000000000002909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES After introducing an adult video laryngoscope (VL) in our physician-paramedic prehospital and retrieval medical service, our quality assurance process identified this blade being used during pediatric intubations. We present a case series of pediatric intubations using this oversized adult VL alongside a contemporaneous group of direct laryngoscopy (DL) intubations. METHODS We performed a retrospective review of intubated patients 15 years or younger in our electronic quality assurance registry from January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2020. Data collected were demographic details, intubation equipment, drug doses, the number of intubation attempts, and complications. Results are presented according to those intubated with C-MAC4 VL (Karl Storz) alongside age-appropriate DL sizes. RESULTS Ninety-nine pediatric patients were intubated, 67 (67%) by CMAC4 and 32 (33%) by DL. Video laryngoscopy had a first-attempt success rate of 96% and DL 91%. A Cormach and Lehane view 1 or 2 was found in 66 VL (99%) and 29 DL patients (91%). Desaturation was reported in two VL and 1 DL patient. CONCLUSIONS Adult VL became the most common method of intubation in patients older than 1 year during the study period. An adult C-MAC4 VL could be considered for clinicians who prefer VL when a pediatric VL is unavailable or as a second-line device if a pediatric VL is not present when intubating children older than 1 year.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Heather Storey
- Department of Anaesthesia, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, United Kingdom
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Irouschek A, Moritz A, Kremer S, Fuchte T, Danzl A, Schmidt J, Golditz T. An approach to difficult airway in infants: Comparison of GlideScope® Spectrum LoPro, GlideScope® Spectrum Miller and conventional Macintosh and Miller blades in a simulated Pierre Robin sequence performed by 90 anesthesiologists. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0288816. [PMID: 37535590 PMCID: PMC10399777 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Airway management can be challenging in neonates and infants. The Pierre Robin sequence (PRS) is a condition characterized by micrognathia, glossoptosis and airway obstruction. The airway management of these patients poses great challenges for anesthesiologists and pediatricians alike. To date, there has been no direct comparison of the hyperangulated GlideScope® Spectrum LoPro (GLP), the straight GlideScope® Spectrum Miller (GSM), a conventional Macintosh (MC) and a conventional Miller blade (ML) in patients with PRS. METHODS For this purpose, 90 anesthesiologists (43 with limited experience, 47 with extensive experience) performed orotracheal intubation on an Air-Sim® Pierre Robin X manikin using GLP, GSM, MC and ML in randomized order. 'Time-to-vocal-cords', 'time-to-intubate', 'time-to-ventilate', the severity of oral-soft-tissue-trauma and the subjective evaluation of each device were recorded. RESULTS A significantly faster and better view of the vocal cords and lower oral-soft-tissue-trauma was achieved using the GLP (p<0.001). Though, there were no significant differences in the 'time-to-intubate' or 'time-to-ventilate'. The highest intubation success rate was found with GSM and the lowest with GLP (GSM 100%, ML 97.8%, MC 96.7%, GLP 93.3%). When using the videolaryngoscopes, there were no undetected esophageal intubations but in six cases prolonged attempts of intubation (>120s) with the GLP. In the sub-group with extensive experience, we found significantly shorter intubation times for the GSM and ML. The GLP was the tool of choice for most participants, while the conventional MC received the lowest rating. CONCLUSIONS Videolaryngoscopy leads to increased safety for the prevention of undetected esophageal intubation in the airway management in a PRS manikin. Hyperangulated blades may ensure a good and fast view of the vocal cords and low oral-soft-tissue-trauma but pose a challenge during the placement of the tube. Specific skills and handling seem to be necessary to ensure a safe tube placement with this sort of blades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Irouschek
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andreas Moritz
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sven Kremer
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tobias Fuchte
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anja Danzl
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Joachim Schmidt
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tobias Golditz
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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Daigle CH, Laverriere EK, Bruins BB, Lockman JL, Fiadjoe JE, McGowan N, Napolitano N, Shults J, Nadkarni VM, Nishisaki A. Mitigation and Outcomes of Difficult Bag-Mask Ventilation in Critically Ill Children. J Pediatr Intensive Care 2023. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1760413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractDifficult bag-mask ventilation (BMV) occurs in 10% of pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) tracheal intubations (TI). The reasons clinicians identify difficult BMV in the PICU and the interventions used to mitigate that difficulty have not been well-studied. This is a prospective, observational, single-center study. A patient-specific data form was sent to PICU physicians supervising TIs from November 2019 through December 2020 to identify the presence of difficult BMV, attempted interventions used, and perceptions about intervention success. The dataset was linked and merged with the local TI quality database to assess safety outcomes. Among 305 TIs with response (87% response rate), 267 (88%) clinicians performed BMV during TI. Difficult BMV was reported in 28 of 267 patients (10%). Commonly reported reasons for difficult BMV included: facial structure (50%), high inspiratory pressure (36%), and improper mask fit (21%). Common interventions were jaw thrust (96%) and an airway adjunct (oral airway 50%, nasal airway 7%, and supraglottic airway 11%), with ventilation improvement in 44% and 73%, respectively. Most difficult BMV was identified before neuromuscular blockade (NMB) administration (96%) and 67% (18/27) resolved after NMB administration. The overall success in improving ventilation was 27/28 (96%). TI adverse outcomes (hemodynamic events, emesis, and/or hypoxemia <80%) are associated with the presence of difficult BMV (10/28, 36%) versus non-difficult BMV (20/239, 8%, p< 0.001). Difficult BMV is common in critically ill children and is associated with increased TI adverse outcomes. Airway adjunct placement and NMB use are often effective in improving ventilation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Hunter Daigle
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas at Austin, Dell Children's Medical Center, Austin, Texas, United States
| | - Elizabeth K. Laverriere
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Benjamin B. Bruins
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Justin L. Lockman
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - John E. Fiadjoe
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine. Boston Children's Hospital. Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Nancy McGowan
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Natalie Napolitano
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Justine Shults
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Vinay M. Nadkarni
- Center for Simulation, Advanced Education and Innovation, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Akira Nishisaki
- Center for Simulation, Advanced Education and Innovation, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
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Fonseca D, Graça MI, Salgueirinho C, Pereira H. Physiologically difficult airway: How to approach the difficulty beyond anatomy. TRENDS IN ANAESTHESIA AND CRITICAL CARE 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tacc.2023.101212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Schmucker Agudelo E, Farré Pinilla M, Andreu Riobello E, Franco Castanys T, Villaverde Castillo I, Monclus Diaz E, Aragonés Panadés N, Muñoz Luz A. An update in paediatric airway management. REVISTA ESPANOLA DE ANESTESIOLOGIA Y REANIMACION 2022; 69:472-486. [PMID: 36096882 DOI: 10.1016/j.redare.2022.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- E Schmucker Agudelo
- Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebrón, Área Materno Infantil, Barcelona, Spain.
| | | | - E Andreu Riobello
- Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebrón, Área Materno Infantil, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - A Muñoz Luz
- Hospital Universitario Dr. Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain
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Moussa A, Sawyer T, Puia-Dumitrescu M, Foglia EE, Ades A, Napolitano N, Glass KM, Johnston L, Jung P, Singh N, Quek BH, Barry J, Zenge J, DeMeo S, Mehrem AA, Nadkarni V, Nishisaki A. Does videolaryngoscopy improve tracheal intubation first attempt success in the NICUs? A report from the NEAR4NEOS. J Perinatol 2022; 42:1210-1215. [PMID: 35922664 PMCID: PMC9362392 DOI: 10.1038/s41372-022-01472-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We hypothesized that videolaryngoscope use for tracheal intubations would differ across NICUs, be associated with higher first attempt success and lower adverse events. STUDY DESIGN Data from the National Emergency Airway Registry for Neonates (01/2015 to 12/2017) included intubation with direct laryngoscope or videolaryngoscope. Primary outcome was first attempt success. Secondary outcomes were adverse tracheal intubation associated events and severe desaturation. RESULTS Of 2730 encounters (13 NICUs), 626 (23%) utilized a videolaryngoscope (3% to 64% per site). Videolaryngoscope use was associated with higher first attempt success (p < 0.001), lower adverse tracheal intubation associated events (p < 0.001), but no difference in severe desaturation. After adjustment, videolaryngoscope use was not associated with higher first attempt success (OR:1.18, p = 0.136), but was associated with lower tracheal intubation associated events (OR:0.45, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Videolaryngoscope use is variable, not independently associated with higher first attempt success but associated with fewer tracheal intubation associated events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Moussa
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada.
| | - Taylor Sawyer
- grid.34477.330000000122986657Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA USA
| | - Mihai Puia-Dumitrescu
- grid.34477.330000000122986657Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA USA
| | - Elizabeth E. Foglia
- grid.239552.a0000 0001 0680 8770Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Anne Ades
- grid.239552.a0000 0001 0680 8770Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Natalie Napolitano
- grid.239552.a0000 0001 0680 8770Respiratory Therapy Department, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Kristen M. Glass
- grid.240473.60000 0004 0543 9901Department of Pediatrics, Penn State Children’s Hospital, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA USA
| | - Lindsay Johnston
- grid.47100.320000000419368710Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT USA
| | - Philipp Jung
- grid.412468.d0000 0004 0646 2097Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Luebeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Neetu Singh
- grid.413480.a0000 0004 0440 749XDepartment of Pediatrics, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Health System, Lebanon, NH USA
| | - Bin Huey Quek
- grid.414963.d0000 0000 8958 3388KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - James Barry
- grid.430503.10000 0001 0703 675XDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO USA
| | - Jeanne Zenge
- grid.430503.10000 0001 0703 675XDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO USA
| | - Stephen DeMeo
- grid.417002.00000 0004 0506 9656Department of Pediatrics, WakeMed Health and Hospitals, Raleigh, NC USA
| | - Ayman Abou Mehrem
- grid.22072.350000 0004 1936 7697Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Vinay Nadkarni
- grid.239552.a0000 0001 0680 8770Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Akira Nishisaki
- grid.239552.a0000 0001 0680 8770Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA USA
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Saracoglu KT, Gunalp B, Çabaklı GT, Saracoglu A. Never-ending debate on pediatric airway: laryngoscopy, blades and approaches. J Clin Anesth 2021; 76:110562. [PMID: 34743954 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinane.2021.110562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kemal Tolga Saracoglu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Health Sciences University, Kartal Dr. Lutfi Kirdar Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Buket Gunalp
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Health Sciences University, Kartal Dr. Lutfi Kirdar Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gamze Tanırgan Çabaklı
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Marmara University, Pendik Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Ayten Saracoglu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Marmara University, Pendik Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Anesthetic Considerations and Complications of Cleft Palate Repairs. What’s New? CURRENT ANESTHESIOLOGY REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40140-021-00460-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Van de Voorde P, Turner NM, Djakow J, de Lucas N, Martinez-Mejias A, Biarent D, Bingham R, Brissaud O, Hoffmann F, Johannesdottir GB, Lauritsen T, Maconochie I. [Paediatric Life Support]. Notf Rett Med 2021; 24:650-719. [PMID: 34093080 PMCID: PMC8170638 DOI: 10.1007/s10049-021-00887-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The European Resuscitation Council (ERC) Paediatric Life Support (PLS) guidelines are based on the 2020 International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Science with Treatment Recommendations of the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (ILCOR). This section provides guidelines on the management of critically ill or injured infants, children and adolescents before, during and after respiratory/cardiac arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Van de Voorde
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine UG, Ghent University Hospital, Gent, Belgien
- Federal Department of Health, EMS Dispatch Center, East & West Flanders, Brüssel, Belgien
| | - Nigel M. Turner
- Paediatric Cardiac Anesthesiology, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center, Utrecht, Niederlande
| | - Jana Djakow
- Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, NH Hospital, Hořovice, Tschechien
- Paediatric Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Brno, Medical Faculty of Masaryk University, Brno, Tschechien
| | | | - Abel Martinez-Mejias
- Department of Paediatrics and Emergency Medicine, Hospital de Terassa, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, Barcelona, Spanien
| | - Dominique Biarent
- Paediatric Intensive Care & Emergency Department, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brüssel, Belgien
| | - Robert Bingham
- Hon. Consultant Paediatric Anaesthetist, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, Großbritannien
| | - Olivier Brissaud
- Réanimation et Surveillance Continue Pédiatriques et Néonatales, CHU Pellegrin – Hôpital des Enfants de Bordeaux, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, Frankreich
| | - Florian Hoffmann
- Pädiatrische Intensiv- und Notfallmedizin, Kinderklinik und Kinderpoliklinik im Dr. von Haunerschen Kinderspital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München, Deutschland
| | | | - Torsten Lauritsen
- Paediatric Anaesthesia, The Juliane Marie Centre, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Kopenhagen, Dänemark
| | - Ian Maconochie
- Paediatric Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Imperial College, Imperial College Healthcare Trust NHS, London, Großbritannien
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Van de Voorde P, Turner NM, Djakow J, de Lucas N, Martinez-Mejias A, Biarent D, Bingham R, Brissaud O, Hoffmann F, Johannesdottir GB, Lauritsen T, Maconochie I. European Resuscitation Council Guidelines 2021: Paediatric Life Support. Resuscitation 2021; 161:327-387. [PMID: 33773830 DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2021.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
These European Resuscitation Council Paediatric Life Support (PLS) guidelines, are based on the 2020 International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Science with Treatment Recommendations. This section provides guidelines on the management of critically ill infants and children, before, during and after cardiac arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Van de Voorde
- Department of Emergency Medicine Ghent University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine UG, Ghent, Belgium; EMS Dispatch Center, East & West Flanders, Federal Department of Health, Belgium.
| | - Nigel M Turner
- Paediatric Cardiac Anesthesiology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Jana Djakow
- Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, NH Hospital, Hořovice, Czech Republic; Paediatric Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Brno, Medical Faculty of Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Abel Martinez-Mejias
- Department of Paediatrics and Emergency Medicine, Hospital de Terassa, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dominique Biarent
- Paediatric Intensive Care & Emergency Department, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Robert Bingham
- Hon. Consultant Paediatric Anaesthetist, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK
| | - Olivier Brissaud
- Réanimation et Surveillance Continue Pédiatriques et Néonatales, CHU Pellegrin - Hôpital des Enfants de Bordeaux, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Florian Hoffmann
- Paediatric Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Torsten Lauritsen
- Paediatric Anaesthesia, The Juliane Marie Centre, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ian Maconochie
- Paediatric Emergency Medicine, Imperial College Healthcare Trust NHS, Faculty of Medicine Imperial College, London, UK
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