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Wang S, Blume RY, Zhou ZW, Lu S, Nazarenus TJ, Blume YB, Xie W, Cahoon EB, Chen LL, Guo L. Chromosome-level assembly and analysis of Camelina neglecta: a novel diploid model for Camelina biotechnology research. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS AND BIOPRODUCTS 2024; 17:17. [PMID: 38291537 PMCID: PMC10829252 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-024-02466-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Camelina neglecta is a new diploid Brassicaceae species, which has great research value because of its close relationship with the hexaploid oilseed crop Camelina sativa. Here, we report a chromosome-level assembly of C. neglecta with a total length of 210 Mb. By adopting PacBio sequencing and Hi-C technology, the C. neglecta genome was assembled into 6 chromosomes with scaffold N50 of 29.62 Mb. C. neglecta has undergone the whole-genome triplication (γ) shared among eudicots and two whole-genome duplications (α and β) shared by crucifers, but it has not undergone a specific whole-genome duplication event. By synteny analysis between C. neglecta and C. sativa, we successfully used the method of calculating Ks to distinguish the three subgenomes of C. sativa and determined that C. neglecta was closest to the first subgenome (SG1) of C. sativa. Further, transcriptomic analysis revealed the key genes associated with seed oil biosynthesis and its transcriptional regulation, including SAD, FAD2, FAD3, FAE1, ABI3, WRI1 and FUS3 displaying high expression levels in C. neglecta seeds. The high representability of C. neglecta as a model species for Camelina-based biotechnology research has been demonstrated for the first time. In particular, floral Agrobacterium tumefaciens infiltration-based transformation of C. neglecta, leading to overexpression of CvLPAT2, CpDGAT1 and CvFatB1 transgenes, was demonstrated for medium-chain fatty acid accumulation in C. neglecta seed oil. This study provides an important genomic resource and establishes C. neglecta as a new model for oilseed biotechnology research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Rostislav Y Blume
- Institute of Food Biotechnology and Genomics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
| | - Zhi-Wei Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shaoping Lu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Tara J Nazarenus
- Center for Plant Science Innovation and Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, USA
| | - Yaroslav B Blume
- Institute of Food Biotechnology and Genomics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
| | - Weibo Xie
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Edgar B Cahoon
- Center for Plant Science Innovation and Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, USA.
| | - Ling-Ling Chen
- College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China.
| | - Liang Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China.
- Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
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Chaudhary R, Higgins EE, Eynck C, Sharpe AG, Parkin IAP. Mapping QTL for vernalization requirement identified adaptive divergence of the candidate gene Flowering Locus C in polyploid Camelina sativa. THE PLANT GENOME 2023; 16:e20397. [PMID: 37885362 DOI: 10.1002/tpg2.20397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Vernalization requirement is an integral component of flowering in winter-type plants. The availability of winter ecotypes among Camelina species facilitated the mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTL) for vernalization requirement in Camelina sativa. An inter and intraspecific crossing scheme between related Camelina species, where one spring and two different sources of winter-type habit were used, resulted in the development of two segregating populations. Linkage maps generated with sequence-based markers identified three QTLs associated with vernalization requirement in C. sativa; two from the interspecific (chromosomes 13 and 20) and one from the intraspecific cross (chromosome 8). Notably, the three loci were mapped to different homologous regions of the hexaploid C. sativa genome. All three QTLs were found in proximity to Flowering Locus C (FLC), variants of which have been reported to affect the vernalization requirement in plants. Temporal transcriptome analysis for winter-type Camelina alyssum demonstrated reduction in expression of FLC on chromosomes 13 and 20 during cold treatment, which would trigger flowering, since FLC would be expected to suppress floral initiation. FLC on chromosome 8 also showed reduced expression in the C. sativa ssp. pilosa winter parent upon cold treatment, but was expressed at very high levels across all time points in the spring-type C. sativa. The chromosome 8 copy carried a deletion in the spring-type line, which could impact its functionality. Contrary to previous reports, all three FLC loci can contribute to controlling the vernalization response in C. sativa and provide opportunities for manipulating this requirement in the crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raju Chaudhary
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
- Global Institute for Food Security, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Erin E Higgins
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Christina Eynck
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Andrew G Sharpe
- Global Institute for Food Security, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
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Blume RY, Kalendar R, Guo L, Cahoon EB, Blume YB. Overcoming genetic paucity of Camelina sativa: possibilities for interspecific hybridization conditioned by the genus evolution pathway. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1259431. [PMID: 37818316 PMCID: PMC10561096 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1259431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
Camelina or false flax (Camelina sativa) is an emerging oilseed crop and a feedstock for biofuel production. This species is believed to originate from Western Asian and Eastern European regions, where the center of diversity of the Camelina genus is located. Cultivated Camelina species arose via a series of polyploidization events, serving as bottlenecks narrowing genetic diversity of the species. The genetic paucity of C. sativa is foreseen as the most crucial limitation for successful breeding and improvement of this crop. A potential solution to this challenge could be gene introgression from Camelina wild species or from resynthesized allohexaploid C. sativa. However, both approaches would require a complete comprehension of the evolutionary trajectories that led to the C. sativa origin. Although there are some studies discussing the origin and evolution of Camelina hexaploid species, final conclusions have not been made yet. Here, we propose the most complete integrated evolutionary model for the Camelina genus based on the most recently described findings, which enables efficient improvement of C. sativa via the interspecific hybridization with its wild relatives. We also discuss issues of interspecific and intergeneric hybridization, aimed on improving C. sativa and overcoming the genetic paucity of this crop. The proposed comprehensive evolutionary model of Camelina species indicates that a newly described species Camelina neglecta has a key role in origin of tetra- and hexaploids, all of which have two C. neglecta-based subgenomes. Understanding of species evolution within the Camelina genus provides insights into further research on C. sativa improvements via gene introgression from wild species, and a potential resynthesis of this emerging oilseed crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rostyslav Y. Blume
- Institute of Food Biotechnology and Genomics of National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Ruslan Kalendar
- Institute of Biotechnology HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Liang Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Edgar B. Cahoon
- Center for Plant Science Innovation & Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
| | - Yaroslav B. Blume
- Institute of Food Biotechnology and Genomics of National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
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