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Chen L, Cai Y, Liu X, Yao W, Wu S, Hou W. The RUBY reporter for visual selection in soybean genome editing. ABIOTECH 2024; 5:209-213. [PMID: 38974868 PMCID: PMC11224211 DOI: 10.1007/s42994-024-00148-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Current systems to screen for transgenic soybeans (Glycine max) involve laborious molecular assays or the expression of fluorescent markers that are difficult to see in soybean plants. Therefore, a visual system for early screening of transgenic plants would increase the efficiency of crop improvement by genome editing. The RUBY reporter system, which consists of three genes encoding betalain biosynthetic enzymes, leading to the accumulation of purple pigment in transgenic tissue, has been employed in some plants and dikaryon fungi. Here, we assessed the RUBY reporter for visual verification during soybean transformation. We show that RUBY can be expressed in soybean, allowing for visual confirmation of transgenic events without the need for specialized equipment. Plants with visible accumulation of purple pigment in any tissue were successfully transformed, confirming the accuracy of the RUBY system as a visual indicator. We also assessed the genetic stability of the transgene across generations, which can be performed very early, using the cotyledons of the progeny. Transgene-free seedlings have a distinct green color, facilitating the selection of genome-edited but transgene-free soybean seedlings for harvest. Using the RUBY system, we quickly identified a transgene-free Gmwaxy mutant in the T1 generation. This system thus provides an efficient and convenient tool for soybean genome editing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081 China
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology (Beijing), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Yupeng Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081 China
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology (Beijing), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Xiaoqian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081 China
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology (Beijing), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Weiwei Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081 China
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology (Beijing), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Shuiqing Wu
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology (Beijing), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Wensheng Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081 China
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology (Beijing), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081 China
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Guo Y, Zhao G, Gao X, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Cai X, Yuan X, Guo X. CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology: a precise and efficient tool for crop quality improvement. PLANTA 2023; 258:36. [PMID: 37395789 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04187-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION This review provides a direction for crop quality improvement and ideas for further research on the application of CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology for crop improvement. Various important crops, such as wheat, rice, soybean and tomato, are among the main sources of food and energy for humans. Breeders have long attempted to improve crop yield and quality through traditional breeding methods such as crossbreeding. However, crop breeding progress has been slow due to the limitations of traditional breeding methods. In recent years, clustered regularly spaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/Cas9 gene editing technology has been continuously developed. And with the refinement of crop genome data, CRISPR/Cas9 technology has enabled significant breakthroughs in editing specific genes of crops due to its accuracy and efficiency. Precise editing of certain key genes in crops by means of CRISPR/Cas9 technology has improved crop quality and yield and has become a popular strategy for many breeders to focus on and adopt. In this paper, the present status and achievements of CRISPR/Cas9 gene technology as applied to the improvement of quality in several crops are reviewed. In addition, the shortcomings, challenges and development prospects of CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxin Guo
- College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Qilu Institute of Technology, Jinan, 250200, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangdong Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Linyi University, Linyi, 276000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Gao
- College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Qilu Institute of Technology, Jinan, 250200, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Zhang
- College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Qilu Institute of Technology, Jinan, 250200, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Qilu Institute of Technology, Jinan, 250200, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoming Cai
- College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Qilu Institute of Technology, Jinan, 250200, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuejiao Yuan
- College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Qilu Institute of Technology, Jinan, 250200, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xingqi Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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Wang D, Zhong Y, Feng B, Qi X, Yan T, Liu J, Guo S, Wang Y, Liu Z, Cheng D, Zhang Y, Shi Y, Zhang S, Pan R, Liu C, Chen S. The RUBY reporter enables efficient haploid identification in maize and tomato. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2023. [PMID: 37195892 PMCID: PMC10363758 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
In vivo haploid induction has been extended from maize to monocotyledonous plants like rice, wheat, millet and dicotyledonous plants such as tomato, rapeseed, tobacco and cabbage. Accurate identification of haploids is a crucial step of doubled haploid technology, where a useful identification marker is very pivotal. R1-nj is an extensively used visual marker for haploid identification in maize. RFP and eGFP have been shown to be feasible in identifying haploid. However, these methods are either limited to specific species, or require specific equipment. It still lacks an efficient visual marker that is practical across different crop species. In this study, we introduced the RUBY reporter, a betalain biosynthesis system, into maize and tomato haploid inducers as a new marker for haploid identification. Results showed that expression of RUBY could result in deep betalain pigmentation in maize embryos as early as 10 days after pollination, and enabled 100% accuracy of immature haploid embryo identification. Further investigation in tomato revealed that the new marker led to deep red pigmentation in radicles and haploids can be identified easily and accurately. The results demonstrated that the RUBY reporter is a background-independent and efficient marker for haploid identification and would be promising in doubled haploid breeding across different crop species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wang
- National Maize Improvement Center of China, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Zhong
- National Maize Improvement Center of China, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Feng
- National Maize Improvement Center of China, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolong Qi
- National Maize Improvement Center of China, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Tongzheng Yan
- National Maize Improvement Center of China, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinchu Liu
- National Maize Improvement Center of China, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuwei Guo
- National Maize Improvement Center of China, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuwen Wang
- National Maize Improvement Center of China, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zongkai Liu
- National Maize Improvement Center of China, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Dehe Cheng
- National Maize Improvement Center of China, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuling Zhang
- National Maize Improvement Center of China, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yunlu Shi
- Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuaisong Zhang
- Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - RuXue Pan
- Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Chenxu Liu
- National Maize Improvement Center of China, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, China
| | - Shaojiang Chen
- National Maize Improvement Center of China, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, China
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