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Munarriz-Cuezva E, Meana JJ. Poly (I:C)-induced maternal immune activation generates impairment of reversal learning performance in offspring. J Neurochem 2024. [PMID: 39183542 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.16212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Maternal immune activation (MIA) induces a variety of behavioral and brain abnormalities in offspring of rodent models, compatible with neurodevelopmental disorders, such as schizophrenia or autism. However, it remains controversial whether MIA impairs reversal learning, a basic expression of cognitive flexibility that seems to be altered in schizophrenia. In the present study, MIA was induced by administration of a single dose of polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidylic acid (Poly (I:C) (5 mg/kg i.p.)) or saline to mouse pregnant dams in gestational day (GD) 9.5. Immune activation was monitored through changes in weight and temperature. The offspring were evaluated when they reached adulthood (8 weeks) using a touchscreen-based system to investigate the effects of Poly (I:C) on discrimination and reversal learning performance. After an initial pre-training, mice were trained to discriminate between two different stimuli, of which only one was rewarded (acquisition phase). When the correct response reached above 80% values for two consecutive days, the images were reversed (reversal phase) to assess the adaptation capacity to a changing environment. Maternal Poly (I:C) treatment did not interfere with the learning process but induced deficits in reversal learning compared to control saline animals. Thus, the accuracy in the reversal phase was lower, and Poly (I:C) animals required more sessions to complete it, suggesting impairments in cognitive flexibility. This study advances the knowledge of how MIA affects behavior, especially cognitive domains that are impaired in schizophrenia. The findings support the validity of the Poly (I:C)-based MIA model as a tool to develop pharmacological treatments targeting cognitive deficits associated with neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Munarriz-Cuezva
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Jose Javier Meana
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
- Biobizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
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2
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Beloyianni V, Zbainos D, Karagianni MP. From mindreading to originality: Exploring the relationship between Theory of Mind and Creativity across the lifespan. BRITISH JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY 2024; 42:215-233. [PMID: 38379505 DOI: 10.1111/bjdp.12476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
In the previous psychoeducational literature, many theorists have argued that creativity and originality require the ability to make predictions and assumptions regarding other individuals' ideas. Thus, it has been widely hypothesized that social cognition and theory of mind (ToM) might be a fundamental component or even a prerequisite of creativity. Despite their common grounds, the empirical evidence examining the potential link between ToM and creative thinking throughout their development seems to be indirect, limited, and fragmented. In this respect, this scoping review aimed to collect and synthesize the existing knowledge about the relationship between ToM and creativity at different ages to identify significant literature gaps and generate updated research questions that might guide future research. The search process led to the inclusion, analysis, and collation of 6 relevant studies only, indicating that this research topic has been poorly investigated. Results demonstrated that ToM and creativity are strongly correlated even after partialling out significant mediators, such as age and intelligence. Such a strong association should be further investigated and explained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vassiliki Beloyianni
- Harokopio University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- University of West Attica, Aigaleo, Greece
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3
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Vucurovic K, Raucher-Chéné D, Obert A, Gobin P, Henry A, Barrière S, Traykova M, Gierski F, Portefaix C, Caillies S, Kaladjian A. Activation of the left medial temporal gyrus and adjacent brain areas during affective theory of mind processing correlates with trait schizotypy in a nonclinical population. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2023; 18:6701589. [PMID: 36107738 PMCID: PMC9949503 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsac051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia, a severe psychiatric disorder, is associated with abnormal brain activation during theory of mind (ToM) processing. Researchers recently suggested that there is a continuum running from subclinical schizotypal personality traits to fully expressed schizophrenia symptoms. Nevertheless, it remains unclear whether schizotypal personality traits in a nonclinical population are associated with atypical brain activation during ToM tasks. Our aim was to investigate correlations between fMRI brain activation during affective ToM (ToMA) and cognitive ToM (ToMC) tasks and scores on the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ) and the Basic Empathy Scale in 39 healthy individuals. The total SPQ score positively correlated with brain activation during ToMA processing in clusters extending from the left medial temporal gyrus (MTG), lingual gyrus and fusiform gyrus to the parahippocampal gyrus (Brodmann area: 19). During ToMA processing, the right inferior occipital gyrus, right MTG, precuneus and posterior cingulate cortex negatively correlated with the emotional disconnection subscore and the total score of self-reported empathy. These posterior brain regions are known to be involved in memory and language, as well as in creative reasoning, in nonclinical individuals. Our findings highlight changes in brain processing associated with trait schizotypy in nonclinical individuals during ToMA but not ToMC processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ksenija Vucurovic
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Laboratoire Cognition, Santé, Société, EA 6291, 51100 Reims, France.,Centre Rémois de Psychothérapie et Neuromodulation, 51100 Reims, France
| | - Delphine Raucher-Chéné
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Laboratoire Cognition, Santé, Société, EA 6291, 51100 Reims, France.,Pôle Universitaire de Psychiatrie, EPSM et CHU de Reims, 51100 Reims, France.,McGill University, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, 11290 Montreal, Canada
| | - Alexandre Obert
- Champollion National University Institute, Cognition Sciences, Technology & Ergonomics Laboratory, University of Toulouse, 81000 Albi, France
| | - Pamela Gobin
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Laboratoire Cognition, Santé, Société, EA 6291, 51100 Reims, France.,Pôle Universitaire de Psychiatrie, EPSM et CHU de Reims, 51100 Reims, France
| | - Audrey Henry
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Laboratoire Cognition, Santé, Société, EA 6291, 51100 Reims, France.,Pôle Universitaire de Psychiatrie, EPSM et CHU de Reims, 51100 Reims, France
| | - Sarah Barrière
- Pôle Universitaire de Psychiatrie, EPSM et CHU de Reims, 51100 Reims, France
| | - Martina Traykova
- Pôle Universitaire de Psychiatrie, EPSM et CHU de Reims, 51100 Reims, France
| | - Fabien Gierski
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Laboratoire Cognition, Santé, Société, EA 6291, 51100 Reims, France.,Pôle Universitaire de Psychiatrie, EPSM et CHU de Reims, 51100 Reims, France.,INSERM U1247 GRAP, Research Group on Alcohol and Drugs, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, 80000 Amiens, France
| | - Christophe Portefaix
- Radiology Department, Reims University Hospital, 51100 Reims, France.,University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, CReSTIC Laboratory, 51100 Reims, France
| | - Stéphanie Caillies
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Laboratoire Cognition, Santé, Société, EA 6291, 51100 Reims, France
| | - Arthur Kaladjian
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Laboratoire Cognition, Santé, Société, EA 6291, 51100 Reims, France.,Pôle Universitaire de Psychiatrie, EPSM et CHU de Reims, 51100 Reims, France.,University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne Faculty of Medicine, 51100 Reims, France
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4
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Hori H, Yasui-Furukori N, Hasegawa N, Iga JI, Ochi S, Ichihashi K, Furihata R, Kyo Y, Takaesu Y, Tsuboi T, Kodaka F, Onitsuka T, Okada T, Murata A, Kashiwagi H, Iida H, Hashimoto N, Ohi K, Yamada H, Ogasawara K, Yasuda Y, Muraoka H, Usami M, Numata S, Takeshima M, Yamagata H, Nagasawa T, Tagata H, Makinodan M, Kido M, Katsumoto E, Komatsu H, Matsumoto J, Kubota C, Miura K, Hishimoto A, Watanabe K, Inada K, Kawasaki H, Hashimoto R. Prescription of Anticholinergic Drugs in Patients With Schizophrenia: Analysis of Antipsychotic Prescription Patterns and Hospital Characteristics. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:823826. [PMID: 35656353 PMCID: PMC9152135 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.823826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In several clinical guidelines for schizophrenia, long-term use of anticholinergic drugs is not recommended. We investigated the characteristics of the use of anticholinergics in patients with schizophrenia by considering psychotropic prescription patterns and differences among hospitals. A cross-sectional, retrospective prescription survey at the time of discharge was conducted on 2027 patients with schizophrenia from 69 Japanese hospitals. We examined the relations among psychotropic drug prescriptions regarding anticholinergic prescription. We divided the hospitals into three groups-low rate group (LG), medium rate group (MG), and high rate group (HG)-according to their anticholinergic prescription rates, and analyzed the relationship between anticholinergic prescription rates and antipsychotic prescription. Anticholinergic drugs were prescribed to 618 patients (30.5%), and the prescription rates were significantly higher for high antipsychotic doses, antipsychotic polypharmacy, and first-generation antipsychotics (FGAs) use. The anticholinergic prescription rate varied considerably among hospitals, ranging from 0 to 66.7%, and it was significantly higher in patients with antipsychotic monotherapy, antipsychotic polypharmacy, and normal and high doses of antipsychotics in HG than in those LG and MG. The anticholinergics prescription rate in patients with second-generation antipsychotic monotherapy in HG was also significantly higher than in those LG and MG; however, the difference was no longer significant in patients with FGA monotherapy. Conclusively, in addition to high antipsychotic doses, antipsychotic polypharmacy, and FGA use, hospital characteristics influence the prescribing of anticholinergic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hikaru Hori
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Norio Yasui-Furukori
- Department of Psychiatry, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Naomi Hasegawa
- National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Iga
- Department of Neuropsychiatry Molecules and Function, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Ochi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry Molecules and Function, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Kayo Ichihashi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryuji Furihata
- Agency for Student Support and Disability Resources, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Kyo
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Takaesu
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Japan
| | - Takashi Tsuboi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Japan
| | - Fumitoshi Kodaka
- Department of Psychiatry, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Onitsuka
- Department of Neuroimaging Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Okada
- Department of Psychiatry, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Atsunobu Murata
- National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
| | - Hiroko Kashiwagi
- National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan.,Department of Psychiatry, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry Hospital, Kodaira, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Iida
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Naoki Hashimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Ohi
- Department of Psychiatry, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Hisashi Yamada
- National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan.,Department of Neuropsychiatry, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Ogasawara
- Center for Postgraduate Clinical Training and Career Development, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuka Yasuda
- National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan.,Life Grow Brilliant Mental Clinic, Medical Corporation Foster, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Muraoka
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahide Usami
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kohnodai Hospital, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Ichikawa, Japan
| | - Shusuke Numata
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Masahiro Takeshima
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Yamagata
- Division of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Nagasawa
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Japan
| | - Hiromi Tagata
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Toho University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Manabu Makinodan
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Mikio Kido
- Toyama City Hospital, Toyama, Japan.,Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan
| | | | - Hiroshi Komatsu
- Department of Psychiatry, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Junya Matsumoto
- National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
| | - Chika Kubota
- Department of Psychiatry, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry Hospital, Kodaira, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Miura
- National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
| | - Akitoyo Hishimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Koichiro Watanabe
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Japan
| | - Ken Inada
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kawasaki
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ryota Hashimoto
- National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
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5
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Cognitive, creative, functional, and clinical symptom improvements in schizophrenia after an integrative cognitive remediation program: a randomized controlled trial. NPJ SCHIZOPHRENIA 2021; 7:52. [PMID: 34711835 PMCID: PMC8553761 DOI: 10.1038/s41537-021-00181-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
This study analyzed the effectiveness of an integrative cognitive remediation program (REHACOP) in improving neurocognition, social cognition, creativity, functional outcome, and clinical symptoms in patients with schizophrenia. In addition, possible mediators predicting improvement in functional outcomes were explored. The program combined cognitive remediation with social cognitive training and social and functional skill training over 20 weeks. The sample included 94 patients, 47 in the REHACOP group and 47 in the active control group (occupational activities). Significant differences were found between the two groups in change scores of processing speed, working memory, verbal memory (VM), inhibition, theory of mind, emotion processing (EP), figural creative strengths, functional competence, disorganization, excitement, and primary negative symptoms. A mediational analysis revealed that changes in VM, inhibition, and EP partially explained the effect of cognitive remediation on functional competence improvement. This study provides initial evidence of the effect of integrative cognitive remediation on primary negative symptoms and creativity.
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Sampedro A, Peña J, Sánchez P, Ibarretxe-Bilbao N, Iriarte-Yoller N, Pavón C, Hervella I, Tous-Espelosin M, Ojeda N. The impact of creativity on functional outcome in schizophrenia: a mediational model. NPJ SCHIZOPHRENIA 2021; 7:14. [PMID: 33637749 PMCID: PMC7910291 DOI: 10.1038/s41537-021-00144-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Functional impairment remains one of the most challenging issues for treatment in schizophrenia. However, previous studies have mainly focused on the negative impact of symptoms excluding variables that could positively impact functional outcome, such as creativity, which is considered an adaptive capacity for real-life problem-solving. This study analyzed the predictive role of creativity on functional outcome in 96 patients with schizophrenia through a mediational model, including sociodemographic, clinical, neurocognitive, and social cognitive variables. Path analysis revealed that creativity significantly mediated the relationship between neurocognition and functional outcome, and that creativity mediated between negative symptoms and functional outcome. Additionally, neurocognition was directly associated with functional outcome and social functioning was associated with creativity. The involvement of creativity in functional outcome could have relevant implications for the development of new interventions. These findings open up a new field of research on additional personal resources as possible factors of functional outcome in schizophrenia and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agurne Sampedro
- Department of Methods and Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Javier Peña
- Department of Methods and Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Pedro Sánchez
- Refractory Psychosis Unit, Hospital Psiquiátrico de Alava, Vitoria, Spain
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychiatry Section, School of Medicine and Odontology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vizcaya, Spain
| | - Naroa Ibarretxe-Bilbao
- Department of Methods and Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain
| | | | - Cristóbal Pavón
- Refractory Psychosis Unit, Hospital Psiquiátrico de Alava, Vitoria, Spain
| | - Isabel Hervella
- Refractory Psychosis Unit, Hospital Psiquiátrico de Alava, Vitoria, Spain
| | - Mikel Tous-Espelosin
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Education and Sport, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Natalia Ojeda
- Department of Methods and Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain
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7
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Sampedro A, Peña J, Ibarretxe-Bilbao N, Sánchez P, Iriarte-Yoller N, Pavón C, Hervella I, Tous-Espelosin M, Ojeda N. Neurocognitive, social cognitive, and clinical predictors of creativity in schizophrenia. J Psychiatr Res 2020; 129:206-213. [PMID: 32781338 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Creativity is considered an essential human accomplishment and a key component for daily life problem solving. It has been suggested that impairment in working memory, cognitive flexibility, and theory of mind could lead to lower creativity in schizophrenia. Additionally, other neurocognitive and social cognitive domains, as well as clinical symptoms could play a role in this relationship. However, the extent to which each of these domains influences creativity in schizophrenia remains unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to simultaneously investigate the specific contribution of neurocognitive, social cognitive, and clinical variables to creativity in schizophrenia. METHODS One hundred and one patients with schizophrenia were assessed in terms of sociodemographic, clinical, neurocognitive, social cognitive, and creativity variables. RESULTS After controlling for sociodemographic variables, regression analyses showed that higher social perception (β = 0.286, p = .004) and processing speed (β = 0.219, p = .023) predicted creativity total score. Higher social perception (β = 0.298, p = .002) and processing speed (β = 0.277, p = .004) explained figural creativity. Finally, lower negative symptoms (β = -0.302, p = .002) and higher social perception (β = 0.210, p = .029) predicted verbal creativity. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest that neurocognitive, social cognitive, as well as clinical symptoms influence creativity of patients with schizophrenia. Moreover, these findings point out the prominent role of social cognition in creativity in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agurne Sampedro
- Department of Methods and Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Javier Peña
- Department of Methods and Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Naroa Ibarretxe-Bilbao
- Department of Methods and Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Pedro Sánchez
- Refractory Psychosis Unit, Hospital Psiquiátrico de Alava, Vitoria, Spain; Department of Neuroscience, Psychiatry Section, School of Medicine and Odontology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vizcaya, Spain.
| | | | - Cristóbal Pavón
- Refractory Psychosis Unit, Hospital Psiquiátrico de Alava, Vitoria, Spain.
| | - Isabel Hervella
- Refractory Psychosis Unit, Hospital Psiquiátrico de Alava, Vitoria, Spain.
| | - Mikel Tous-Espelosin
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Education and Sport, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
| | - Natalia Ojeda
- Department of Methods and Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain.
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Sampedro A, Peña J, Ibarretxe-Bilbao N, Cabrera-Zubizarreta A, Sánchez P, Gómez-Gastiasoro A, Iriarte-Yoller N, Pavón C, Ojeda N. Brain White Matter Correlates of Creativity in Schizophrenia: A Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:572. [PMID: 32655352 PMCID: PMC7324653 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship between creativity and psychopathology has been a controversial research topic for decades. Specifically, it has been shown that people with schizophrenia have an impairment in creative performance. However, little is known about the brain correlates underlying this impairment. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze whole brain white matter (WM) correlates of several creativity dimensions in people with schizophrenia. Fifty-five patients with schizophrenia underwent diffusion-weighted imaging on a 3T magnetic resonance imaging machine as well as a clinical and a creativity assessment, including verbal and figural creativity measures. Tract-based spatial statistic, implemented in FMRIB Software Library (FSL), was used to assess whole brain WM correlates with different creativity dimensions, controlling for sex, age, premorbid IQ, and medication. Mean fractional anisotropy (FA) in frontal, temporal, subcortical, brain stem, and interhemispheric regions correlated positively with figural originality. The most significant clusters included the right corticospinal tract (cerebral peduncle part) and the right body of the corpus callosum. Verbal creativity did not show any significant correlation. As a whole, these findings suggest that widespread WM integrity is involved in creative performance of patients with schizophrenia. Many of these areas have also been related to creativity in healthy people. In addition, some of these regions have shown to be particularly impaired in schizophrenia, suggesting that these WM alterations could be underlying the worse creative performance found in this pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agurne Sampedro
- Department of Methods and Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Javier Peña
- Department of Methods and Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Naroa Ibarretxe-Bilbao
- Department of Methods and Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain
| | | | - Pedro Sánchez
- Refractory Psychosis Unit, Hospital Psiquiátrico de Álava, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.,Department of Neuroscience, Psychiatry Section, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
| | - Ainara Gómez-Gastiasoro
- Department of Methods and Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain
| | | | - Cristóbal Pavón
- Refractory Psychosis Unit, Hospital Psiquiátrico de Álava, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Natalia Ojeda
- Department of Methods and Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain
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