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Apaydin Cirik V, Turkmen AS, Alirkiliçarslan DB. Effectiveness of breast milk in the healing of medical adhesive-related skin injuries in peripheral intravenous catheter securement: A randomized controlled trial. Nurs Crit Care 2024. [PMID: 38924216 DOI: 10.1111/nicc.13113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skin injuries, which are more prevalent among premature infants, can prolong the hospital stay of preterms in neonatal intensive care units. AIM This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of breast milk in reducing the healing time of skin injuries caused using medical adhesive for securing peripheral intravenous catheters (PIVCs) in late preterm infants, which was evaluated using the Neonatal Skin Condition Scale (NSCS). A randomized controlled trial was conducted with two parallel groups in a 1:1 allocation ratio. STUDY DESIGN It was conducted in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of a hospital in Karaman, Turkey between August and November 2022 with 72 preterm infants born at 35-36 weeks with stable health status and having intravenous catheter securement to the skin with medical adhesive tapes, with the tapes remaining on the skin for a minimum of 24 h and a maximum of 32 h. Preterm infants were randomly assigned to breast milk or routine care groups. The site of the skin injuries was evaluated by two independent observers using the NSCS once every 60 min until the injury was completely healed. A one-way ANOVA and repeated measures analysis of variance was used to analyse the data. RESULTS The average postnatal age was 3.32 ± 0.99 days, and the total duration of medical adhesive tape on the skin was 28.21 ± 2.59 h. A significant difference was found between the mean skin condition scale scores of the infants in the breast milk group (F = 117.219, p < .001) and the routine care group (F = 122.247, p < .001) according to time within the group. The skin injuries of preterm infants in the breast milk group decreased significantly in the first 3 h after the procedure. CONCLUSION Breast milk application was more effective than routine care in reducing the healing time of skin injuries. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE It can be recommended to use breast milk to heal skin injuries in preterm infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vildan Apaydin Cirik
- Department of Midwifery, Child Health and Disease Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University, Karaman, Türkiye
| | - Ayse Sonay Turkmen
- Nursing Department, Child Health and Disease Nursing, Health Science Faculty, Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University, Karaman, Türkiye
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Aydin Acar C, Pehlivanoglu S, Yesilot S, Tasdemir HI. The Effect of Breast Milk from Different Lactation Stages on in Vitro Wound Healing. Breastfeed Med 2024. [PMID: 38853683 DOI: 10.1089/bfm.2024.0099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Objective: Wound healing is a complex and dynamic process essential for restoring tissue integrity and homeostasis. It is thought that breast milk contributes positively to the wound healing process, thanks to the components it contains. The aim of this study is to compare the effects of breast milk on the wound healing process at different lactation stages and to evaluate the underlying mechanism(s). Materials and Methods: The effects of breast milk from different lactation stages (colostrum, transitional, and mature milk) on wound healing were determined by in vitro scratch assay in L929 fibroblast cells. 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), total oxidant, and antioxidant capacity were used to confirm antioxidant effects. The effect of breast milk on netrin-1 levels in L929 cells was elucidated by ELISA. Results: Breast milk at different lactation stages promoted wound healing. While the wound closure percentage was determined as 48.7% in the control group, this rate was determined to be the highest at 81.6% in the mature milk group (p:0.0002). The free radical scavenging capacity of colostrum, transitional, and mature milk with DPPH was determined as 49.69%, 60.64%, and 80.85%, respectively, depending on the lactation stages. Netrin-1 levels detected by ELISA were determined as 490.1 ± 6.5 pg/mL in the control group, while the lowest level was determined as 376.6 ± 4.5 pg/mL in mature milk (p:0.0003). Conclusions: Breast milk, especially mature milk, promoted wound healing on L929 cells by suppressing netrin-1 levels and scavenging free radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cigdem Aydin Acar
- Bucak School of Health, Department of Nursing, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey
- Department of Health and Biomedical Sciences, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey
| | - Suray Pehlivanoglu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Sukriye Yesilot
- Bucak School of Health, Department of Nursing, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey
- Department of Health and Biomedical Sciences, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey
| | - Halil Ibrahim Tasdemir
- Bucak School of Health, Department of Nursing, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey
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Başkale H, Çelik SN. The effect of topical application of breast milk and education on preventing diaper dermatitis in children in rural areas. J Pediatr Nurs 2024; 75:e169-e175. [PMID: 38245386 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2024.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to ascertain the impact of topical breast milk and diaper-area care instruction on the prevention of diaper dermatitis in rural settings. DESIGN AND METHODS This was a pre-test-post-test experimental study with forty-eight 6-18-month-old children and their mothers. Participants were randomly assigned to three groups: two experimental groups (Group A: breast milk, Group B: education) and one control group (Group C). Data were collected face-to-face through home-visits. A sociodemographic data and diaper-area care practices form and The Scale for Assessing the Severity of Uncomplicated Diaper Dermatitis in Infants were used for data collection. RESULTS There was a statistically significant difference between children who used breast milk application to prevent dermatitis compared to children whose parents received diaper-area care education and a control group (p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS It was determined that topical breast milk application and diaper-area care education given to mothers were effective in preventing diaper dermatitis, and the application of breast milk was found to be safe and more effective than education. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS These findings highlight the need for education, information and practical solutions to prevent and appropriately treat diaper dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatice Başkale
- Pamukkale University Faculty of Health Sciences, Kinikli, Denizli, Türkiye
| | - Sümeyye Nur Çelik
- Karahallı Hacı Rafet Zora District State Hospital Home Health Services Unit, Uşak, Türkiye.
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Brodbeck A, Esser MS, Jacobson E, Helminiak G, Islas D. Topical Use of Human Milk in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: An Integrative Review. Adv Neonatal Care 2024; 24:78-85. [PMID: 38181669 DOI: 10.1097/anc.0000000000001124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research has shown that the bioactive components in human milk could demonstrate efficacy when applied topically. One common neonatal skin issue is diaper dermatitis (DD). DD treatment and prevention guidelines often lack the inclusion of topical human milk as a viable option. PURPOSE To analyze the safety and efficacy of topical human milk application as a means to support future research of human milk as a topical treatment for DD. DATA SOURCES Google Scholar, CINAHL, PubMed, and Cochrane. STUDY SELECTION The search was limited to articles published between 2011 and 2023 in the English language. Disqualifying characteristics included nonhuman subjects, literature reviews, inability to obtain articles, and non-peer-reviewed articles. DATA EXTRACTION For Google Scholar, the search terms "human milk OR breast milk" and "topical" were used. For CINAHL, PubMed, and Cochrane, the search terms "human milk OR chest milk OR breast milk OR donor milk" and "topical" were used. Quantitative significance was defined by a P value of less than .05. RESULTS The search yielded 20 articles. The results of the review demonstrate that topical human milk application is a safe and effective topical treatment to skin integrity/inflammatory issues such as DD. It also identified that caregivers will likely show positive regard to the treatment, promoting its acceptance. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE AND RESEARCH The results provide evidence to support methodologic development for human milk application for the prevention and treatment of DD. Further studies can use the results to develop protocols that investigate the effects of human milk application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abby Brodbeck
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
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5
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Pflegerische Interventionen bei Kindern mit Windeldermatitis (inkontinenzassoziierter Dermatitis) – ein systematisches Review. Monatsschr Kinderheilkd 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00112-019-0648-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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An Integrative Review of Clinical Characteristics of Infants With Diaper Dermatitis. Adv Neonatal Care 2020; 20:276-285. [PMID: 31895136 DOI: 10.1097/anc.0000000000000682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diaper dermatitis (DD) severity is demonstrated by the degree of erythema and skin breakdown. Many studies describe diaper dermatitis, but lack a full description of clinical characteristic (CC) involvement. PURPOSE The purpose of this literature review is to explore the descriptions of CC of infants with DD provided within infant DD literature. SEARCH STRATEGY PubMed and Web of Science were searched using the keywords: diaper dermatitis, diaper rash, infant, and neonate. The inclusion criteria for this project are as follows: published after 1990, English language, include skin assessment or evaluation, and infant/children < two years of age. Review and opinion articles were excluded. RESULTS A total of 454 studies were retrieved, 27 remained after review for duplicates and relevance. The CC described most often were: type of feeds, stool frequency, history of DD, use of antibiotics, and delivery mode. SYNTHESIS OF EVIDENCE The studies reported inconsistent CC and a lack of correlation between these characteristics and the condition of diapered skin. Many studies focused solely on the efficacy of interventions lacking description of possible relationships between DD and CC. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Skin condition outcome variables can be improved with the acknowledgment of the impact CC have on the development of DD. The combination of assessment measures and CC may ultimately demonstrate more merit or rigor for describing DD severity and skin condition. IMPLICATIONS FOR RESEARCH Future research should expand this exploration to include environmental or contributing factors to continue to identify additional risk factors for DD.
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Panahipour L, Biasi MD, Bokor TS, Thajer A, Haiden N, Gruber R. Milk lactoperoxidase decreases ID1 and ID3 expression in human oral squamous cell carcinoma cell lines. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5836. [PMID: 32246075 PMCID: PMC7125221 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62390-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Milk consumption may modify the risk of squamous cell carcinoma. The role of milk to modulate the gene expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma cells has not been investigated so far. Here, HSC2 oral squamous carcinoma cells were exposed to an aqueous fraction of human milk and a whole-genome array was performed. Among the genes that were significantly reduced by human and cow milk were the DNA-binding protein inhibitor 1 (ID1), ID3 and Distal-Less Homeobox 2 (DLX2) in HSC2 cells. Also, in TR146 oral squamous carcinoma cells, there was a tendency towards a decreased gene expression. Upon size fractionation, lactoperoxidase but not lactoferrin and osteopontin was identified to reduce ID1 and ID3 in HSC2 cells. Dairy products and hypoallergenic infant formula failed to decrease the respective genes. These data suggest that milk can reduce the expression of transcription factors in oral squamous carcinoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Layla Panahipour
- Department of Oral Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Sensengasse 2a, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Maria De Biasi
- Department of Oral Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Sensengasse 2a, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Theresa Sophia Bokor
- Department of Oral Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Sensengasse 2a, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexandra Thajer
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nadja Haiden
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Reinhard Gruber
- Department of Oral Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Sensengasse 2a, 1090, Vienna, Austria. .,Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, 3010, Bern, Switzerland. .,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Donaueschingenstraße 13, 1200, Vienna, Austria.
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Milk Therapy: Unexpected Uses for Human Breast Milk. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11050944. [PMID: 31027386 PMCID: PMC6567207 DOI: 10.3390/nu11050944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human breast milk provides a child with complete nutrition but is also a popular therapeutic remedy that has been used in traditional, natural pharmacopeia, and ethnomedicine for many years. The aim of this current review is to summarize studies of non-nutritional uses of mothers' milk. METHODS Two databases (PubMed and Google Scholar) were searched with a combination of twelve search terms. We selected articles that were published between 1 January 2010, and 1 January 2019. The language of publication was limited to English. RESULTS Fifteen studies were included in the systematic review. Ten of these were randomized controlled trials, one was a quasi-experimental study, two were in vitro studies, and four employed an animal research model. CONCLUSIONS Many human milk components have shown promise in preclinical studies and are undergoing active clinical evaluation. The protective and treatment role of fresh breast milk is particularly important in areas where mothers and infants do not have ready access to medicine.
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Prevention and Management of Incontinence-Associated Dermatitis in the Pediatric Population: An Integrative Review. J Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs 2019; 46:30-37. [PMID: 30608338 DOI: 10.1097/won.0000000000000490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
An integrative review was conducted to synthesize evidence on prevention and management of incontinence-associated dermatitis (IAD) in the pediatric population. A 5-step integrative process was used to guide the review. Articles published from January 2000 to April 6, 2017, were identified and retrieved from CINAHL, PubMed, ProQuest (MEDLINE), and Scopus; key terms were associated with IAD, pediatric, prevention, and management. Supplemental and manual searches were carried out to identify other relevant studies. The studies' findings were extracted and summarized in a table of evidence, with their quality evaluated using the Joanna Briggs Institute's Critical Appraisal Checklist. Sixteen articles were included in the review. Articles explored prevention and management strategies including skin cleansing technique, diaper selection, and the application of topical skin care products. Inconsistent and limited evidence was found regarding the benefits of using disposable wipes in preference to water-moistened washcloths in the cleansing process and on the use of superabsorbent polymer diapers with breathable outer lining in IAD prevention. Findings were inconclusive with regard to the best topical skin care product for IAD care. However, the application of skin protectants was encouraged by the authors, as well as promoted in various clinical guidelines. The development of a structured skin care regimen supplemented by a comprehensive patient education program was advised to enhance the prevention and management of IAD.
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Kirk AHP, Yang J, Sim WC, Chia LYX, Lau Y. Systematic Review of the Effect of Topical Application of Human Breast Milk on Early Umbilical Cord Separation. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs 2019; 48:121-130. [PMID: 30660498 DOI: 10.1016/j.jogn.2018.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy of topical application of human breast milk to reduce umbilical cord separation time. DATA SOURCES We used a three-step search strategy. First, we searched six electronic databases from inception through July 16, 2018: PubMed, Cochrane, CINAHL, Embase, Scopus, and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global. We used the following search terms: infant, newborn, baby, babies, colostrum, breast milk expression, breast milk, breastmilk, mother milk, human milk, umbilical cord, and umbilicus. We included published trials in English without any time limit to optimize the search. Second, we searched for ongoing clinical trials and grey literature. Last, we conducted a manual review of the reference lists of the identified articles. STUDY SELECTION From 1,303 articles initially screened, eight articles reporting seven randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. DATA EXTRACTION Two independent reviewers used a standardized extraction form to extract data from eligible articles. We evaluated the quality of individual and overall evidence according to risk of bias and the Grade of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system. DATA SYNTHESIS Allocation concealment was not clearly identified in any of the studies. In only two trials were participants and personnel blinded to the intervention group, and in none was the assessment of outcomes blinded. The overall quality of evidence was very low for RCTs according to the GRADE criteria. We found a significant reduction in time to cord separation with the topical application of human breast milk (z = 6.22, p < .001), with a mean difference of -1.01 day (95% confidence interval [-1.3,-0.690]) compared with dry cord care. Incidence of omphalitis was not significantly different (risk ratio = 0.82, 95% confidence interval [0.57, 1.18], z = 1.06, p = .29) between human breast milk and dry cord care groups. CONCLUSION Topical application of human breast milk is an effective and safe way to reduce cord separation time. Given that the overall quality of the included RCTs was very low, further well-designed trials are needed.
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Sharifi-Heris Z, Farahani LA, Haghani H, Abdoli-Oskouee S, Hasanpoor-Azghady SB. Comparison the effects of topical application of olive and calendula ointments on Children's diaper dermatitis: A triple-blind randomized clinical trial. Dermatol Ther 2018; 31:e12731. [DOI: 10.1111/dth.12731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Sharifi-Heris
- Department of Reproductive Health and Midwifery; Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Leila Amiri Farahani
- Department of Reproductive Health and Midwifery; Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Hamid Haghani
- Department of Reproductive Health and Midwifery; Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Shahram Abdoli-Oskouee
- Department of Pediatrics; Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences; Tabriz Iran
| | - Seyedeh Batool Hasanpoor-Azghady
- Department of Reproductive Health and Midwifery; Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
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Panahipour L, Stähli A, Haiden N, Gruber R. TGF-β activity in cow milk and fermented milk products: An in vitro bioassay with oral fibroblasts. Arch Oral Biol 2018; 95:15-21. [PMID: 30036732 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2018.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Milk is a rich source of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β which supports intestinal mucosal homeostasis of infants. Milk may also have beneficial effects on the integrity of the oral cavity, its being part of the gastrointestinal tract. However, it is unclear if milk and fermented milk products provoke a TGF-β response in oral cells. MATERIAL AND METHODS Human gingival fibroblasts were exposed to pasteurized cow milk, yoghurt, sour milk, buttermilk and whey, followed by a reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction of the TGF-β target genes interleukin11 (IL11), proteoglycan4 (PRG4), and NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4). Immunoassays were performed for IL11 and TGF-β in cell culture supernatant and milk products, respectively. Signaling was investigated with the TGF-β receptor type I kinase inhibitor SB431542. RESULTS We report here that pasteurized cow milk and the aqueous fractions of yoghurt, sour milk, buttermilk and whey enhanced the expression of IL11, NOX4 and PRG4 in gingival fibroblasts. Moreover, IL11 protein levels in the respective supernatant were significantly increased. Cow milk, yoghurt, sour milk and buttermilk contain approximately 1-2 ng TGF-β1, whereas active TGF-β1 is hardly detectable in whey. SB431542 reduced the response of gingival fibroblasts to pasteurized cow milk and fermented milk products based on IL11 release into the supernatant. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that gingival fibroblasts respond to pasteurized cow milk and to fermented milk products with an increased expression of TGF-β target genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Layla Panahipour
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexandra Stähli
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Nadja Haiden
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Neonatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Reinhard Gruber
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Switzerland.
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Witkowska-Zimny M, Kaminska-El-Hassan E. Cells of human breast milk. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2017; 22:11. [PMID: 28717367 PMCID: PMC5508878 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-017-0042-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Human milk is a complex fluid that has developed to satisfy the nutritional requirements of infants. In addition to proteins, lipids, carbohydrates and other biologically active components, breast milk contains a diverse microbiome that is presumed to colonize the infant gastrointestinal tract and a heterogeneous population of cells with unclear physiological roles and health implications. Noteworthy cellular components of breast milk include progenitor/stem cells. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge of breast milk cells, including leukocytes, epithelial cells, stem cells and potentially probiotic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malgorzata Witkowska-Zimny
- Department of Biophysics and Human Physiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Chalubinskiego 5, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Kaminska-El-Hassan
- Department of Biophysics and Human Physiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Chalubinskiego 5, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland
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Abstract
Diaper dermatitis is the most common dermatological disease of infancy, which occurs and caused by the combined effect of irritants such as diaper, urine and faces. In this study, we intend to evaluate the effect of breast milk on the healing of diaper dermatitis. This study was a clinical trial of 30 infants between 0-12 months of age that were suffering from diaper dermatitis and referred to the Health Centers in Tehran, Iran. The subjects were selected by open study. Infants were divided into two matched groups: case and control. Data-gathering tools were the questionnaire that contained two parts: the demographic characteristics of infants and the status of care and condition of the lesion. Data analysis was performed using SPSS/18 software and Mann-Whitney and Chi-Square tests were used. The findings revealed a significant difference between the case and control groups in the number and lesion score of the rashes at the first and third day (P=0.013, P=0.005), these differences were more significant at the fifth day (P=0.004, P=0.001). Because of positive effects of breast milk on healing of diaper dermatitis, it is proposed that educational programs in health centers should be considered by health officials, and the managers would play a key role in increasing knowledge behavior changes in mothers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahar Seifi
- Department of Nursing, Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran
| | - Sheida Jalali
- Department of Midwifery, Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran
| | - Mohammad Heidari
- Department of Medical and Surgical, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
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Disease Severity and Quality of Life Measurements in Contact Dermatitis: A Systematic Review 2005–2015. Dermatitis 2016; 27:362-371. [DOI: 10.1097/der.0000000000000235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Keshavarz A, Zeinaloo AA, Mahram M, Mohammadi N, Sadeghpour O, Maleki MR. Efficacy of Traditional Medicine Product Henna and Hydrocortisone on Diaper Dermatitis in Infants. IRANIAN RED CRESCENT MEDICAL JOURNAL 2016; 18:e24809. [PMID: 27478628 PMCID: PMC4948373 DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.24809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2014] [Revised: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Diaper dermatitis (DD) is a common inflammatory disorder in infants, including newborns. Objectives This study aimed to compare the effects of a traditional medicine product (containing natural henna oil 25%) and hydrocortisone 1% cream on DD in infants. Patients and Methods In a triple-blind, randomized trial, 82 children aged two years or less were randomly divided into two groups of 41 children each to receive either hydrocortisone ointment or henna medicinal product. Infants were treated 3 times a day for 5 days. The severity of dermatitis was assessed on the first, third, and fifth days using a six-point scale. The study was conducted in 2013 in a children teaching hospital in Qazvin, Iran. Results Both groups showed an improvement in the severity of DD (mean DD severity on the first, third and fifth days, respectively, was 3.20, 1.39, and 1.20 in the henna group versus 3.20, 2.05, and 1.90 in the hydrocortisone group; P < 0.001). The henna group showed a better response when compared with the hydrocortisone group: the rate of improvement on the fifth day of treatment was 90.2% (37 of 41 children without erythema) in the former versus 61% (25 of 41 patients) in the latter (P = 0.042). No significant side effects were observed in both the groups. Conclusions Henna, a traditional medicine product, can be considered an effective and appropriate treatment for DD in infants and children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdollah Keshavarz
- Traditional Medicine Department, Research Institute for Islamic and Complementary Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Zeinaloo
- Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Manoochehr Mahram
- Pediatrics Department, Qazvin Children’s Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, IR Iran
- Corresponding Author: Manoochehr Mahram, Pediatrics Department, Qazvin Children’s Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, IR Iran. Tel: +98-9121056925, Fax: +98-2833357089, E-mail: ,
| | - Navid Mohammadi
- Preventive Medicine Research Center, Department of Community Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Omid Sadeghpour
- Herbal Medicine Department, Research Institute for Islamic and Complementary Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Maleki
- Pediatrics Department, Qazvin Children’s Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, IR Iran
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[What's new in paediatric dermatology?]. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2015; 141 Suppl 4:S622-9. [PMID: 25539754 DOI: 10.1016/s0151-9638(14)70166-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Regular analysis of the major journals in dermatology and paediatrics has been used to select forty articles which are representative of the past year in paediatric dermatology. This selection is not exhaustive but rather reflects the interests of the author and also the dominant topics in paediatric dermatology in 2013-2014.
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Berents TL, Rønnevig J, Søyland E, Gaustad P, Nylander G, Løland BF. Topical treatment with fresh human milk versus emollient on atopic eczema spots in young children: a small, randomized, split body, controlled, blinded pilot study. BMC DERMATOLOGY 2015; 15:7. [PMID: 25935520 PMCID: PMC4424556 DOI: 10.1186/s12895-015-0027-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Public health nurses report on effects of fresh human milk as treatment for conjunctivitis, rhinitis and atopic eczema (AE), the latter being highly prevalent in early childhood. Emollients and topical corticosteroids are first line treatment of AE. As many caregivers have steroid phobia, alternative treatment options for mild AE are of interest. The aim of this small pilot study was to assess the potential effects and risks of applying fresh human milk locally on eczema spots in children with AE. Methods This was a split body, controlled, randomized and physician blinded pilot study, of children with AE with two similar contralateral eczema spots having a mother breastfeeding the child or a sibling. Fresh expressed milk and emollient was applied on the intervention spot and emollient alone on the control area, three times a day for four weeks. The severity and area of the eczema spots was evaluated weekly, and samples from milk and the spots were analysed weekly with respect to bacterial colonisation. Results Of nine patients included, six completed the study. Mean age at inclusion was 18.5 months. The spots examined were localized on the arms, legs or cheeks. The spots were similar in severity, but differed in area. In one patient the eczema ceased after inclusion. In four patients both control and intervention areas increased during the intervention. The relative change in eczema area compared to baseline showed less increase in the intervention spots in two patients, whereas the opposite was observed in three. In four children Staphylococcus aureus was found in their eczema once or more. In three of the 28 human milk samples, Staphylococcus aureus, alfa haemolytic streptococci or coagulase negative staphylococci were detected. Staphylococcus aureus was found once both in human milk and in the eczema spots, no clinical signs of infection were however observed. No secondary infection due to milk application was detected. Conclusion In this small pilot study, no effect was found on eczema spots treated with topical application of fresh human milk. (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier, NCT02381028).
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Løvold Berents
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. .,Department of Dermatology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Jørgen Rønnevig
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. .,Department of Dermatology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Elisabeth Søyland
- Department of Research, Education and Innovation, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Peter Gaustad
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. .,Department of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Gro Nylander
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Breastfeeding, Womens and Children´s Division, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Beate Fossum Løland
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Breastfeeding, Womens and Children´s Division, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
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