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Wakabayashi T, Mizukami M, Terada K, Ishikawa A, Hinotsu S, Kobayashi M, Kato K, Ogi T, Tsugawa T, Sakurai A. A novel ZC4H2 variant in a female with severe respiratory complications. Brain Dev 2022; 44:571-577. [PMID: 35504761 DOI: 10.1016/j.braindev.2022.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION An X-linked ZC4H2 variant is associated with a variety of phenotypes that have abnormalities related to external malformation and neurodevelopment. There have been no reports on severe respiratory dysfunction resulting in surgical treatments not being possible due to the deformity resulting from in this disease. Here we report a female with arthrogryposis multiplex congenita with a severe respiratory complication. CASE A two-year-old girl had arthrogryposis multiplex congenita at delivery and subsequently had hypotonia and feeding difficulty. A novel ZC4H2 frameshift variant was identified by whole-exome sequencing in her genome. At eight months, she had recurrent aspiration pneumonia. A tracheostomy and gastrostomy were required; however, surgical intervention was not possible because of her short neck and complicated airway. CONCLUSION We compared this case with previous reports. The truncation group had more described phenotypes than the non-truncation group. The patient had the most severe respiratory dysfunction in truncating variant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Wakabayashi
- Department of Pediatrics, Hakodate Municipal Hospital, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Sapporo Medical University, School of Medicine, Japan.
| | - Miyako Mizukami
- Department of Medical Genetics and Genomics, Sapporo Medical University, School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Kojiro Terada
- Department of Pediatrics, Sapporo Medical University, School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Aki Ishikawa
- Department of Medical Genetics and Genomics, Sapporo Medical University, School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Shiro Hinotsu
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Management, Sapporo Medical University, Japan
| | - Masaki Kobayashi
- Department of Pediatrics, Sapporo Medical University, School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Koji Kato
- Department of Genetics, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine (RIeM), Nagoya University, Japan
| | - Tomoo Ogi
- Department of Genetics, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine (RIeM), Nagoya University, Japan
| | - Takeshi Tsugawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Sapporo Medical University, School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Akihiro Sakurai
- Department of Medical Genetics and Genomics, Sapporo Medical University, School of Medicine, Japan
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Sun JJ, Cai Q, Xu M, Liu YN, Li WR, Li J, Ma L, Cai C, Gong XH, Zeng YT, Ren ZR, Zeng F. Loss of Protein Function Causing Severe Phenotypes of Female-Restricted Wieacker Wolff Syndrome due to a Novel Nonsense Mutation in the ZC4H2 Gene. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13091558. [PMID: 36140726 PMCID: PMC9498907 DOI: 10.3390/genes13091558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic variants of zinc finger C4H2-type containing (ZC4H2) on the X chromosome cause a group of genetic diseases termed ZC4H2-associated rare disorders (ZARD), including Wieacker-Wolff Syndrome (WRWF) and Female-restricted Wieacker-Wolff Syndrome (WRWFFR). In the current study, a de novo c.352C>T (p.Gln118*) mutation in ZC4H2 (NM_018684.4) was identified in a female neonate born with severe arthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC) and Pierre-Robin sequence (cleft palate and micrognathia). Plasmids containing the wild-type (WT), mutant-type (MT) ZC4H2, or GFP report gene (N) were transfected in 293T cell lines, respectively. RT-qPCR and western blot analysis showed that ZC4H2 protein could not be detected in the 293T cells transfected with MT ZC4H2. The RNA seq results revealed that the expression profile of the MT group was similar to that of the N group but differed significantly from the WT group, indicating that the c.352C>T mutation resulted in the loss of function of ZC4H2. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) enrichment analysis showed that c.352C>T mutation inhibited the expression levels of a series of genes involved in the oxidative phosphorylation pathway. Subsequently, expression levels of ZC4H2 were knocked down in neural stem cells (NSCs) derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) by lentiviral-expressed small hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) against ZC4H2. The results also demonstrated that decreasing the expression of ZC4H2 significantly reduced the growth of NSCs by affecting the expression of genes related to the oxidative phosphorylation signaling pathway. Taken together, our results strongly suggest that ZC4H2 c.352C>T (p.Gln118*) mutation resulted in the loss of protein function and caused WRWFFR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jing Sun
- Shanghai Institute of Medical Genetics, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200040, China
- Department of Neonatology, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Qin Cai
- Shanghai Institute of Medical Genetics, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200040, China
- Department of Histo-Embryology, Genetics and Developmental Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Miao Xu
- Shanghai Institute of Medical Genetics, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Yan-Na Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Medical Genetics, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Wan-Rui Li
- Shanghai Institute of Medical Genetics, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Neonatology, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Li Ma
- Department of Neonatology, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Cheng Cai
- Department of Neonatology, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Gong
- Department of Neonatology, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Yi-Tao Zeng
- Shanghai Institute of Medical Genetics, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200040, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Embryogenesis and Developmental Molecular Biology & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo and Reproduction Engineering, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Zhao-Rui Ren
- Shanghai Institute of Medical Genetics, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Fanyi Zeng
- Shanghai Institute of Medical Genetics, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200040, China
- Department of Histo-Embryology, Genetics and Developmental Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Embryogenesis and Developmental Molecular Biology & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo and Reproduction Engineering, Shanghai 200040, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-21-62472308
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Ma P, Mao B. The many faces of the E3 ubiquitin ligase, RNF220, in neural development and beyond. Dev Growth Differ 2021; 64:98-105. [PMID: 34716995 DOI: 10.1111/dgd.12756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Ubiquitin modification plays important roles in many cellular processes that are fundamental for vertebrate embryo development, such as cell division, differentiation, and migration. Aberrant function or deregulation of ubiquitination enzymes can cause developmental disorders, cancer progression, and neurodegenerative diseases in humans. RING finger protein 220 (RNF220) is an evolutionarily conserved RING-type ubiquitin E3 ligase. Recent studies have revealed the roles and mechanisms of RNF220 and its partner protein, zinc finger C4H2-type containing protein (ZC4H2), in embryonic development and human diseases. Using mouse and zebrafish models, it has been shown that RNF220 regulates sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling via Gli and embryonic ectoderm development (EED), a polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) component, during ventral neural patterning and cerebellum development. In addition, RNF220 also regulates the development and functions of central noradrenergic and motor neurons in mice. By stabilizing β-catenin and signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1), RNF220 is also involved in Wnt and interferon (IFN)-STAT1 signaling and thus the regulation of tumorigenesis and immune response, respectively. In humans, both RNF220 and ZC4H2 mutations have been reported to be associated with diseases accompanied by complicated neural defects. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of RNF220 with special emphasis on its roles and mechanisms of action in signal transduction, vertebrate neural development, and related human disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Bingyu Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China.,Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
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