Immune tolerance in pediatric solid organ transplant through allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant and a solid organ/liver transplant from the same donor

Prope tolerance after pediatric liver transplantation: Experience at Shiraz Organ Transplant Center

BACKGROUND

Children receive transplants at a younger age, and the period of immunosuppression therapy may extend over decades. However, immunosuppression seems to be responsible for long-term mortality and morbidity. Pediatric liver transplant recipients can benefit from achieving immune tolerance and the opportunity of freedom from lifelong immunosuppression. This study aimed to investigate the frequency of prope tolerance among pediatric liver transplant recipients and the characteristics of these patients.

METHODS

In this retrospective cohort study of pediatric liver transplant recipients, the medical records of transplant recipients treated at Shiraz Organ Transplant Center between 1994 and 2017 were reviewed. Prope tolerance was defined as normal laboratory values and stable clinical status on low-dose monotherapy. Children treated with low-dose monotherapy were categorized as the prope tolerant group. We compared the characteristics of prope tolerant recipients on low-dose monotherapy with patients on standard immunosuppression, i.e. full-dose tacrolimus plus steroids and mycophenolate mofetil. The data were analyzed with the t-test, chi-squared test, and a Cox proportional hazard model at a 5% significance level in SPSS software version 16.

RESULTS

A total of 585 children with a mean age of 8.32 ± 5.23 years were enrolled. 341 patients were categorized as prope tolerant and 244 comprised the full immunosuppression regimen group. Mean age at transplantation and rejection frequency were lower in the prope tolerant group (p < 0.001, p < 0.001). Based on the underlying diseases, metabolic/genetic, biliary tract, and cryptogenic liver diseases were significantly more prevalent in the prope tolerant group (p < 0.001). However, autoimmune liver disease was found to be more prevalent in the full immunosuppression regimen group. Also, those who received living organs (p = 0.001) and recipients of organs from female donors had a greater likelihood of achieving prope tolerant. According to the multiple Cox regression results, age at transplantation (p = 0.022), rejection frequency (p < 0.001), and autoimmune liver diseases (p = 0.028) had a prognostic effect on prope tolerance.

CONCLUSION

Factors as underlying disease, age at transplantation, and rejection frequency were factors that were predictive of prope tolerance in this sample of children. However, the risk of rejection should be considered during the tapering period.