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Tang Z, Pi C, Wu Y, Cui X. Visible-light-promoted tandem decarboxylation coupling/cyclization of N-aryl glycines with quinoxalinones: Easy access to tetrahydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalin-4(5H)-ones. GREEN SYNTHESIS AND CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gresc.2022.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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2
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Spectral Probe for Electron Transfer and Addition Reactions of Azide Radicals with Substituted Quinoxalin-2-Ones in Aqueous Solutions. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020633. [PMID: 33435233 PMCID: PMC7828026 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The azide radical (N3●) is one of the most important one-electron oxidants used extensively in radiation chemistry studies involving molecules of biological significance. Generally, it was assumed that N3● reacts in aqueous solutions only by electron transfer. However, there were several reports indicating the possibility of N3● addition in aqueous solutions to organic compounds containing double bonds. The main purpose of this study was to find an experimental approach that allows a clear assignment of the nature of obtained products either to its one-electron oxidation or its addition products. Radiolysis of water provides a convenient source of one-electron oxidizing radicals characterized by a very broad range of reduction potentials. Two inorganic radicals (SO4●-, CO3●-) and Tl2+ ions with the reduction potentials higher, and one radical (SCN)2●- with the reduction potential slightly lower than the reduction potential of N3● were selected as dominant electron-acceptors. Transient absorption spectra formed in their reactions with a series of quinoxalin-2-one derivatives were confronted with absorption spectra formed from reactions of N3● with the same series of compounds. Cases, in which the absorption spectra formed in reactions involving N3● differ from the absorption spectra formed in the reactions involving other one-electron oxidants, strongly indicate that N3● is involved in the other reaction channel such as addition to double bonds. Moreover, it was shown that high-rate constants of reactions of N3● with quinoxalin-2-ones do not ultimately prove that they are electron transfer reactions. The optimized structures of the radical cations (7-R-3-MeQ)●+, radicals (7-R-3-MeQ)● and N3● adducts at the C2 carbon atom in pyrazine moiety and their absorption spectra are reasonably well reproduced by density functional theory quantum mechanics calculations employing the ωB97XD functional combined with the Dunning's aug-cc-pVTZ correlation-consistent polarized basis sets augmented with diffuse functions.
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Kalinin AА, Islamova LN, Fazleeva GM. Imidazo[A]Quinoxalines: New Approaches to Synthesis and Biological Activity. Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-020-02716-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Pan S, Jiang M, Zhong G, Dai L, Zhou Y, Wei K, Zeng X. Visible-light-induced selectivity controllable synthesis of diamine or imidazoline derivatives by multicomponent decarboxylative radical coupling reactions. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo01028f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
A visible-light-induced and photoredox-catalyzed three-component selectivity controllable synthesis of vicinal diamines and imidazoles from readily available starting materials under mild reaction conditions has been realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shulei Pan
- College of Materials
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hangzhou Normal University
- Hangzhou 310036
- China
| | - Min Jiang
- College of Materials
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hangzhou Normal University
- Hangzhou 310036
- China
| | - Guofu Zhong
- College of Materials
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hangzhou Normal University
- Hangzhou 310036
- China
| | - Linlong Dai
- College of Materials
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hangzhou Normal University
- Hangzhou 310036
- China
| | - Yu Zhou
- College of Materials
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hangzhou Normal University
- Hangzhou 310036
- China
| | - Kaihang Wei
- College of Materials
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hangzhou Normal University
- Hangzhou 310036
- China
| | - Xiaofei Zeng
- College of Materials
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hangzhou Normal University
- Hangzhou 310036
- China
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Díaz-Hernández D, Cañete Á, Pavez L, Pérez-Sanhueza A, Günther G, Szreder T, De la Fuente JR. Spectral and Kinetic Study of 3-Styrylquinoxalin-2(1 H)-ones Photoreduced by N-Phenylglycine and Amines. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:3688-3698. [PMID: 30964986 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b01950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The photoreduction by amines and N-phenylglycine, NPG, of six styrylquinoxalin-2(1 H)-ones derivatives substituted in the styryl moiety, R-SQ, was studied by using flash photolysis. The photoreaction is initiated via a single electron transfer from the electron donor (amines or NPG) to R-SQ excited triplet state, 3R-SQ*, with the formation of a triplet state radical ion pair or a charge transfer exciplex, 3[CRIP/CTE]. These species live longer than the respective 3R-SQ* and have very similar transient spectra. In the presence of NPG, these 3[CRIP/CTE] evolve on μs time scale to the respective hydrogenated radicals, R-SQH•, whose transient spectra and reaction rate constants with NPG are reported. The identity of these hydrogenated radicals was supported by the spectra obtained with the α-H donor triethylamine and previous pulse radiolysis studies in 2-propanol. Our findings allow proposing a radical chain reaction mechanism that explains the observed spectral behavior and rationalizes formation of the main product formed by binding of four PhNHCH2• derived from NPG decarboxylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dafne Díaz-Hernández
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas , Universidad de Chile , Casilla 223, Santiago 1 , Santiago , Chile
| | - Álvaro Cañete
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia , Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile , Casilla 306, Correo 22 , Santiago , Chile
| | - Lynda Pavez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia , Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile , Casilla 306, Correo 22 , Santiago , Chile
| | - Alberto Pérez-Sanhueza
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas , Universidad de Chile , Casilla 223, Santiago 1 , Santiago , Chile
| | - Germán Günther
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas , Universidad de Chile , Casilla 223, Santiago 1 , Santiago , Chile
| | - Tomasz Szreder
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology , Dorodna 16 , 03-195 Warsaw , Poland
| | - Julio R De la Fuente
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas , Universidad de Chile , Casilla 223, Santiago 1 , Santiago , Chile
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6
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Skotnicki K, De la Fuente JR, Cañete Á, Berrios E, Bobrowski K. Radical Ions of 3-Styryl-quinoxalin-2-one Derivatives Studied by Pulse Radiolysis in Organic Solvents. J Phys Chem B 2018. [PMID: 29533616 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b01004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The absorption-spectral and kinetic behaviors of radical ions and neutral hydrogenated radicals of seven 3-styryl-quinoxalin-2(1 H)-one (3-SQ) derivatives, one without substituents in the styryl moiety, four others with electron-donating (R = -CH3, -OCH3, and -N(CH3)2) or electron-withdrawing (R = -OCF3) substituents in the para position in their benzene ring, and remaining two with double methoxy substituents (-OCH3), however, at different positions (meta/para and ortho/meta) have been studied by UV-vis spectrophotometric pulse radiolysis in neat acetonitrile saturated with argon (Ar) and oxygen (O2) and in 2-propanol saturated with Ar, at room temperature. In acetonitrile solutions, the radical anions (4R-SQ•-) are characterized by two absorption maxima located at λmax = 470-490 nm and λmax = 510-540 nm, with the respective molar absorption coefficients ε470-490 = 8500-13 100 M-1 cm-1 and ε510-540 = 6100-10 300 M-1 cm-1, depending on the substituent (R). All 4R-SQ•- decay in acetonitrile via first-order kinetics, with the rate constants in the range (1.2-1.5) × 106 s-1. In 2-propanol solutions, they decay predominantly through protonation by the solvent, forming neutral hydrogenated radicals (4R-SQH•), which are characterized by weak absorption bands with λmax = 480-490 nm. Being oxygen-insensitive, the radical cations (4R-SQ•+) are characterized by a strong absorption with λmax = 450-630 nm, depending on the substituent (R). They are formed in a charge-transfer reaction between a radical cation derived from acetonitrile (ACN•+) and substituted 3-styryl-quinoxalin-2-one derivatives (4R-SQ) with a pseudo-first-order rate constant k = (2.7-4.7) × 105 s-1 measured in solutions containing 0.1 mM 4R-3-SQ. The Hammett equation plot gave a very small negative slope (ρ = -0.08), indicating a very weak influence of the substituents in the benzene ring on the rate of charge-transfer reaction. The decay of 4R-SQ•+ in Ar-saturated acetonitrile solutions occurs with a pseudo-first-order rate constant k = (1.6-6.2) × 104 s-1 and, in principle, is not affected by the presence of O2, suggesting charge-spin delocalization over the whole 3-SQ molecule. Most of the radiolytically generated transient spectra are reasonably well-reproduced by semiempirical PM3-ZINDO/S (for 4R-SQ•-) and density functional theory quantum mechanics calculations employing M06-2x hybrid functional together with the def2-TZVP basis set (for 4R-SQ•+).
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Affiliation(s)
- Konrad Skotnicki
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology , 03-195 Warsaw , Poland
| | - Julio R De la Fuente
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas , Universidad de Chile , Casilla 223 , Santiago 1 8380492 , Chile
| | - Álvaro Cañete
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química , Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile , Casilla 306, Correo 22 , Santiago 7820436 , Chile
| | - Eduardo Berrios
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas , Universidad de Chile , Casilla 223 , Santiago 1 8380492 , Chile
| | - Krzysztof Bobrowski
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology , 03-195 Warsaw , Poland.,Notre Dame Radiation Laboratory , University of Notre Dame , Notre Dame , Indiana 46556 , United States
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Sandoval-Altamirano C, De la Fuente J, Berrios E, Sanchez S, Pizarro N, Morales J, Gunther G. Photophysical characterization of hydroxy and ethoxy phenalenone derivatives. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2017.11.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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8
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Radiation-induced reduction of quinoxalin-2-one derivatives in aqueous solutions. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2015.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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9
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De la Fuente JR, Cañete Á, Carathanassis N, Bernazar L, Saitz C, Díaz-Hernández D. Spectral and Kinetic Study of 3-Methylquinoxalin-2-ones Photoreduced by Amino Acids: N-Phenylglycine Radical Chain Reactions and N-Acetyltryptophan Decarboxylation. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:2797-807. [PMID: 27081914 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b01141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Transient intermediates were identified in the photoreduction of 3-methylquinoxalin-2-one derivatives by N-phenylglycine, NPG, and N-acetyltryptophan, NAT. For both reductants it can be postulated a sequence of reaction comprising first a photoinduced single electron transfer followed by a proton transfer from the radical cation of the electron donor to the radical anion of the 3-methylquinoxalin-2-one giving rise to the reported products. The effect of the concentrations of NPG and the quinoxalin-2-one on the rate of photoconsumption of this last were quantified, and the lifetimes of the possible intermediates estimated. In the photoreduction by NAT, processes leading to the decarboxylation of NAT and radical adduct product compete with the expected SET from the indoyl N to the excited triplet of quinoxalin-2-ones as revealed by the detection of the deprotonated N-acetyltryptophan radical [NAT-H](•). This radical is formed almost instantly after the laser pulse and has a secondary delayed growth via a delayed proton transfer from the indoyl radical cation NAT(•+) to the quinoxalin-2-one radical anions. The decarboxylation of NAT that mimics C-terminus tryptophan in proteins is biologically relevant because might cause damages at cellular and the whole organism level. As far as we know this is the first report of a radical decarboxylation of N-acetyltryptophan leading to photoproducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio R De la Fuente
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile , Casilla 233, Santiago 1, 6640750 Chile
| | - Álvaro Cañete
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile , Casilla 306, Correo 22, Santiago, Chile
| | - Natalia Carathanassis
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile , Casilla 233, Santiago 1, 6640750 Chile
| | - Luan Bernazar
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile , Casilla 233, Santiago 1, 6640750 Chile
| | | | - Dafne Díaz-Hernández
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile , Casilla 233, Santiago 1, 6640750 Chile
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10
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Pizarro N, Duque M, Chamorro E, Nonell S, Manzur J, de la Fuente JR, Günther G, Cepeda-Plaza M, Vega A. Dual Emission of a Novel (P,N) ReI Complex: A Computational and Experimental Study on [P,N-{(C6H5)2(C5H4N)P}Re(CO)3Br]. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:3929-35. [DOI: 10.1021/jp512614w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Pizarro
- Departamento
de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello, Quillota 980, Viña del Mar, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Mario Duque
- Departamento
de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello, Quillota 980, Viña del Mar, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Eduardo Chamorro
- Departamento
de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello, Quillota 980, Viña del Mar, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Santi Nonell
- Institut
Quimic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Augusta, 390, 08017 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jorge Manzur
- Departamento
de Ciencia de Los Materiales,
Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas, Universidad de Chile, Av. Tupper 2069, Santiago, Chile
- Centro
para el Desarrollo de la Nanociencia y la Nanotecnología, CEDENNA, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Avda. Ecuador 3493, Estación Central, Santiago, Chile
| | - Julio R. de la Fuente
- Facultad
de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Departamento de
Química Orgánica y Fisicoquímica, Universidad de Chile, Santos Dumont 964, Independencia, Chile
| | - Germán Günther
- Facultad
de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Departamento de
Química Orgánica y Fisicoquímica, Universidad de Chile, Santos Dumont 964, Independencia, Chile
| | - Marjorie Cepeda-Plaza
- Departamento
de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello, Quillota 980, Viña del Mar, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Andrés Vega
- Departamento
de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello, Quillota 980, Viña del Mar, Valparaíso, Chile
- Centro
para el Desarrollo de la Nanociencia y la Nanotecnología, CEDENNA, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Avda. Ecuador 3493, Estación Central, Santiago, Chile
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11
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Skotnicki K, De la Fuente JR, Cañete A, Bobrowski K. Spectral and kinetic properties of radicals derived from oxidation of quinoxalin-2-one and its methyl derivative. Molecules 2014; 19:19152-71. [PMID: 25415477 PMCID: PMC6271754 DOI: 10.3390/molecules191119152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Revised: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The kinetics and spectral characteristics of the transients formed in the reactions of •OH and •N3 with quinoxalin-2(1H)-one (Q), its methyl derivative, 3-methylquinoxalin-2(1H)-one (3-MeQ) and pyrazin-2-one (Pyr) were studied by pulse radiolysis in aqueous solutions at pH 7. The transient absorption spectra recorded in the reactions of •OH with Q and 3-MeQ consisted of an absorption band with λmax = 470 nm assigned to the OH-adducts on the benzene ring, and a second band with λmax = 390 nm (for Q) and 370 nm (for 3-MeQ) assigned, inter alia, to the N-centered radicals on a pyrazin-2-one ring. The rate constants of the reactions of •OH with Q and 3-MeQ were found to be in the interval (5.9-9.7) × 109 M-1·s-1 and were assigned to their addition to benzene and pyrazin-2-one rings and H-abstraction from the pyrazin-2-one nitrogen. In turn, the transient absorption spectrum observed in the reaction of •N3 exhibits an absorption band with λmax = 350 nm. This absorption was assigned to the N-centered radical on the Pyr ring formed after deprotonation of the respective radical cation resulting from one-electron oxidation of 3-MeQ. The rate constant of the reaction of •N3 with 3 MeQ was found to be (6.0 ± 0.5) × 109 M-1·s-1. Oxidation of 3-MeQ by •N3 and Pyr by •OH and •N3 confirms earlier spectral assignments. With the rate constant of the •OH radical with Pyr (k = 9.2 ± 0.2) × 109 M-1·s‒1, a primary distribution of the •OH attack was estimated nearly equal between benzene and pyrazin-2-one rings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konrad Skotnicki
- Centre of Radiation Research and Technology, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16, Warszawa 03-195, Poland.
| | - Julio R De la Fuente
- Departamento de Quimica Orgánica y Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 223, Santiago 1, Chile.
| | - Alvaro Cañete
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Casilla 306, Correo 22, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Krzysztof Bobrowski
- Centre of Radiation Research and Technology, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16, Warszawa 03-195, Poland.
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