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Lin MY, Lim LM, Tsai SP, Jian FX, Hwang SJ, Lin YH, Chiu YW. Low dose ultraviolet B irradiation at 308 nm with light-emitting diode device effectively increases serum levels of 25(OH)D. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2583. [PMID: 33510382 PMCID: PMC7844009 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82216-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This animal study aimed to elucidate the relationship of low-dose, narrow-band UVB at 308 nm with vitamin D synthesis. C57BL/6 female mice, at 3 weeks-of-age, were randomly divided into the following six groups (n = 6 at each time point of vitamin D measurement), which were: (1) normal diet without UVB irradiation; (2) VDd diet without UVB irradiation; and (3)-(6) VDd diet with 308 nm-UVB irradiation of 12.5, 25, 50, and 100 μω/cm2, respectively. All of the groups needing UVB irradiation received an exposure of 10 min per day, five days per week, and a duration of 3-5 weeks. The mice recovering from severe VDd (plasma total 25-hydroxyvitamin D level increasing from approximately 3 to over 30 ng/mL) only occurred in groups with a UVB irradiation dosage of either 50 or 100 μω/cm2. The optimal, estimated dosage for mice to recover from severe VDd was 355 mJ/cm2 within 3 weeks. Low-dose, narrow-band UVB irradiation at 308 nm is effective in improving VDd in mice. The results obtained, in addition to the especially small side effects of the above UVB irradiation formula, could be further translated to treating VDd-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Yen Lin
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100, TzYou 1st Rd., Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City, 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Renal Care, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
| | - Lee Moay Lim
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100, TzYou 1st Rd., Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City, 80708, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
| | - Siao-Ping Tsai
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100, TzYou 1st Rd., Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Xuan Jian
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100, TzYou 1st Rd., Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Jyh Hwang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100, TzYou 1st Rd., Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City, 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Renal Care, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, 350, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsuan Lin
- Taiwan Instrument Research Institute, National Applied Research Laboratories, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Wen Chiu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100, TzYou 1st Rd., Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City, 80708, Taiwan.
- Department of Renal Care, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan.
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Peters CE, Pasko E, Strahlendorf P, Holness DL, Tenkate T. Solar Ultraviolet Radiation Exposure among Outdoor Workers in Three Canadian Provinces. Ann Work Expo Health 2019; 63:679-688. [DOI: 10.1093/annweh/wxz044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractIntroductionSolar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure places outdoor workers at risk of skin cancer and exposure is difficult to control. In response, the Sun Safety at Work Canada (SSAWC) project was undertaken (2014–2016). The purpose of this substudy was to characterize the UVR exposure levels of outdoor workers in the SSAWC project.MethodsThirteen workplaces in the provinces of British Columbia, Ontario, and Nova Scotia participated in an exposure monitoring campaign (late summer/early fall 2016). Study participants were workers from power utilities and municipalities. Participants wore a UVR measurement badge (light-sensitive polysulfone plastic) on their wrist, shoulder, or hardhat. Badge calibration and absorbance measurements were performed in the AusSun Research Lab. Personal UVR doses are presented as standard erythemal doses (SED) and compared with the internationally recommended exposure limit (1.3 SED), as well as to the total available UVR by date. Generalized linear models were used to examine determinants of solar UVR for personal UVR dose (for both SED and percent of ambient UVR). Models considered badge placement, date, province, industry, main job task, and the hours spent outdoors.ResultsMean personal UVR dose of participating workers was 6.1 SED (nearly 5× the recommended limit). Just 14% of workers experienced ‘acceptable’ levels of solar radiation; 10% were exposed at >10 times the limit. In univariate analyses, workers in Ontario had the highest levels (mean 7.3 SED), but even in the lowest exposed province (British Columbia), the mean personal UVR dose was 4.5 SED. Utility workers had double the exposure of municipal workers (10.4 and 5.5 SED, respectively). In the determinants of exposure models, the differences by province were muted, but utility line workers and those in general maintenance had higher predicted exposures. Those who wore their badge on their hardhat also had higher values of SED in the fully adjusted determinants models.ConclusionsSolar ultraviolet overexposure among outdoor workers is a concern, even in a country like Canada with relatively low ambient UVR. Implementation of sun safety programs should be supported in an effort to reduce exposure in this vulnerable group of workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl E Peters
- Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Alberta Health Services, SW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Hospital Drive NW Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Elena Pasko
- School of Occupational and Public Health, Ryerson University, Podium building Victoria St., Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter Strahlendorf
- School of Occupational and Public Health, Ryerson University, Podium building Victoria St., Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dorothy Linn Holness
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Occupational Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, College Cir, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Occupational Medicine, Department of Medicine, St Michael’s Hospital, St Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Urban Health Solutions, St Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Thomas Tenkate
- School of Occupational and Public Health, Ryerson University, Podium building Victoria St., Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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