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Kim JH, Duan S, Lim YJ, Eom SH. Changes in Quercetin Derivatives and Antioxidant Activity in Marigold Petals ( Tagetes patula L.) Induced by Ultraviolet-B Irradiation and Methyl Jasmonate. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:2947. [PMID: 36365399 PMCID: PMC9656713 DOI: 10.3390/plants11212947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Marigold petals contain numerous antioxidative flavonoids and carotenoids that can be affected by environmental stressors. There is yet no detailed study on the relationship between phytochemical accumulation and stressors in marigold petals. This study evaluated quercetin derivatives and antioxidant activity in marigold petals in response to ultraviolet-B (UV-B) irradiation and methyl jasmonate (MeJA) treatment. The limiting UV-B radiation intensity and MeJA dose that caused no wilting damage under 1-h daily treatment for 10 days were <2 W∙m−2∙s−1 and <10 mM, respectively. Marigold petals contained three major flavonoids, quercetin-7-O-glucoside (Q7G, 6.6 mg∙g−1dw), quercetin-3-O-glucoside (Q3G, 62.7 mg), and quercetin (26.6 mg), possessing different antioxidant potential and exhibiting the highest power in quercetin and next value in Q7G. Single UV-B irradiation exerted a limited effect on the changes in the content of the three quercetin derivatives, whereas combined treatment with 1 W UV-B radiation and 5 mM MeJA resulted in the highest total quercetin content, showing >20% increase compared to that without treatment. This increase primarily resulted in an increase in quercetin content. MeJA treatment positively affected the increase in Q3G and Q7G contents in a dose-dependent manner during the 10-d experimental period but exerted no considerable effect on quercetin accumulation. The antioxidant activity was increased when flowers were exposed to mild MeJA treatment of 5−10 mM. UV-B irradiation decreased the antioxidant activity of marigold petals, but this decrease could be compensated by MeJA treatment.
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Yoon HI, Kim J, Oh MM, Son JE. Prediction of Phenolic Contents Based on Ultraviolet-B Radiation in Three-Dimensional Structure of Kale Leaves. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:918170. [PMID: 35755700 PMCID: PMC9228028 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.918170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ultraviolet-B (UV-B, 280-315 nm) radiation has been known as an elicitor to enhance bioactive compound contents in plants. However, unpredictable yield is an obstacle to the application of UV-B radiation to controlled environments such as plant factories. A typical three-dimensional (3D) plant structure causes uneven UV-B exposure with leaf position and age-dependent sensitivity to UV-B radiation. The purpose of this study was to develop a model for predicting phenolic accumulation in kale (Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala) according to UV-B radiation interception and growth stage. The plants grown under a plant factory module were exposed to UV-B radiation from UV-B light-emitting diodes with a peak at 310 nm for 6 or 12 h at 23, 30, and 38 days after transplanting. The spatial distribution of UV-B radiation interception in the plants was quantified using ray-tracing simulation with a 3D-scanned plant model. Total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), total anthocyanin content (TAC), UV-B absorbing pigment content (UAPC), and the antioxidant capacity were significantly higher in UV-B-exposed leaves. Daily UV-B energy absorbed by leaves and developmental age was used to develop stepwise multiple linear regression models for the TPC, TFC, TAC, and UAPC at each growth stage. The newly developed models accurately predicted the TPC, TFC, TAC, and UAPC in individual leaves with R 2 > 0.78 and normalized root mean squared errors of approximately 30% in test data, across the three growth stages. The UV-B energy yields for TPC, TFC, and TAC were the highest in the intermediate leaves, while those for UAPC were the highest in young leaves at the last stage. To the best of our knowledge, this study proposed the first statistical models for estimating UV-B-induced phenolic contents in plant structure. These results provided the fundamental data and models required for the optimization process. This approach can save the experimental time and cost required to optimize the control of UV-B radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo In Yoon
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jaewoo Kim
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Myung-Min Oh
- Division of Animal, Horticultural and Food Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Jung Eek Son
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
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Yoon HI, Kim HY, Kim J, Oh MM, Son JE. Quantitative Analysis of UV-B Radiation Interception in 3D Plant Structures and Intraindividual Distribution of Phenolic Contents. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2701. [PMID: 33800078 PMCID: PMC7962183 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ultraviolet-B (UV-B) acts as a regulatory stimulus, inducing the dose-dependent biosynthesis of phenolic compounds such as flavonoids at the leaf level. However, the heterogeneity of biosynthesis activation generated within a whole plant is not fully understood until now and cannot be interpreted without quantification of UV-B radiation interception. In this study, we analyzed the spatial UV-B radiation interception of kales (Brassica oleracea L. var. Acephala) grown under supplemental UV-B LED using ray-tracing simulation with 3-dimension-scanned models and leaf optical properties. The UV-B-induced phenolic compounds and flavonoids accumulated more, with higher UV-B interception and younger leaves. To distinguish the effects of UV-B energy and leaf developmental age, the contents were regressed separately and simultaneously. The effect of intercepted UV-B on flavonoid content was 4.9-fold that of leaf age, but the effects on phenolic compound biosynthesis were similar. This study confirmed the feasibility and relevance of UV-B radiation interception analysis and paves the way to explore the physical and physiological base determining the intraindividual distribution of phenolic compound in controlled environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo In Yoon
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources (Horticultural Science and Biotechnology), Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (H.I.Y.); (H.Y.K.); (J.K.)
| | - Hyun Young Kim
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources (Horticultural Science and Biotechnology), Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (H.I.Y.); (H.Y.K.); (J.K.)
| | - Jaewoo Kim
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources (Horticultural Science and Biotechnology), Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (H.I.Y.); (H.Y.K.); (J.K.)
| | - Myung-Min Oh
- Division of Animal, Horticultural and Food Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea;
- Brain Korea 21 Center for Bio-Health Industry, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Jung Eek Son
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources (Horticultural Science and Biotechnology), Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (H.I.Y.); (H.Y.K.); (J.K.)
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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Xue J, Guo C, Shen Y, Li M, Chu J, Yao X. Brassinolide soaking and preharvest UV-B radiation influence the shelf life of small black bean sprouts. Food Chem 2021; 352:129322. [PMID: 33690073 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This study explored the effects of brassinolide (BR) soaking, preharvest ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation, and their combined treatments on physiological characteristics, chlorophyll fluorescence, and quality of small black bean sprouts during storage. Results indicated that the combined treatments significantly enhanced contents of flavone, free amino acid, and photosynthetic pigment, and activities of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) and 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) radical scavenging in sprouts stored for 5 days compared with BR treatment alone. The combined treatments significantly increased total phenols content and PAL activity, and reduced malonaldehyde content in sprouts compared with UV-B radiation alone. The inhibitory effect of BR or UV-B on fluorescence of photosystem II was weakened by their combined treatments. Comprehensive analysis indicated that the combined treatments could be used to maintain postharvest small black bean sprouts with high levels of nutritional ingredients by probably keeping high photosynthetic capacity, PAL activity, and DPPH radical scavenging rate in sprouts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Xue
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Chenchen Guo
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Yuxiao Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Minghui Li
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Jianzhou Chu
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
| | - Xiaoqin Yao
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
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Yoon HI, Kim D, Son JE. Spatial and Temporal Bioactive Compound Contents and Chlorophyll Fluorescence of Kale (Brassica oleracea L.) Under UV-B Exposure Near Harvest Time in Controlled Environments. Photochem Photobiol 2020; 96:845-852. [PMID: 32104924 DOI: 10.1111/php.13237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
UV-B irradiation has been used to enhance the secondary metabolite content in plants, but its spatial effect on plants has not been considered. The objective of this study was to compare spatial photosynthetic traits and bioactive compound accumulation in kale (Brassica oleracea L. var Acephala) according to the distribution and length of UV-B exposure near harvest. Plants were exposed to UV-B of 0-3, 3-6 and 6-9 W m-2 for 4 h per day at 5 days (Exp. 1) and 4.2 W m-2 at 5, 4, 3, 2 or 1 days (Exp. 2) before harvest. In spatial distribution, the higher the UV-B intensity, the lower the mean Fv /Fm (maximal photochemical efficiency of PSII) and the higher the concentration of total flavonoid compound (TFC). With UV-B stress, Fv /Fm and fluorescence transient parameters decreased except for DI0 /CS (dissipated energy flux per cross section) and PIabs (performance index of PSII). When exposed to UV-B radiation for 2 days before harvest, the total phenolic compounds and TFC per plant were highest, not always proportional to the local Fv /Fm but affected by dry weight. Short-term UV-B stress near harvest would be more efficient for the accumulation of bioactive compounds by minimizing the loss of plant weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo In Yoon
- Department of Plant Science and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Damin Kim
- Department of Plant Science and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Eek Son
- Department of Plant Science and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Gu L, Zheng W, Li M, Quan H, Wang J, Wang F, Huang W, Wu Y, Lan X, Zhang Z. Integrated Analysis of Transcriptomic and Proteomics Data Reveals the Induction Effects of Rotenoid Biosynthesis of Mirabilis himalaica Caused by UV-B Radiation. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3324. [PMID: 30366418 PMCID: PMC6274831 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 10/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Mirabilis himalaica (Edgew.) Heimerl is one of the most important genuine medicinal plants in Tibet, in which the special plateau habitat has been associated with its excellent medicinal quality and efficacy. However, the mechanisms by which environmental factors affect biosynthesis of secondary metabolic components remain unclear in this species. In this study, RNA sequencing and iTRAQ (isobaric Tags for Relative and Absolute Quantification) techniques were used to investigate the critical molecular "events" of rotenoid biosynthesis responding to UV-B radiation, a typical plateau ecological factor presented in native environment-grown M. himalaica plants. A total of 3641 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 106 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified in M. himalaica between UV-B treatment and control check (CK). Comprehensive analysis of protein and transcript data sets resulted in 14 and 7 DEGs from the plant hormone signal transduction and phosphatidylinositol signaling system pathways, respectively, being significantly enriched. The result showed that the plant hormone signal transduction and phosphatidylinositol signaling system might be the key metabolic strategy of UV-B radiation to improve the biosynthesis of rotenoid in M. himalaica. At same time, most of the DEGs were associated with auxin and calcium signaling, inferring that they might drive the downstream transmission of these signal transduction pathways. Regarding those pathways, two chalcone synthase enzymes, which play key roles in the biosynthesis of rotenoid that were thought as the representative medicinal component of M. himalaica, were significantly upregulated in UV-B radiation. This study provides a theoretical basis for further exploration of the adaptation mechanism of M. himalaica to UV-B radiation, and references for cultivation standardization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Gu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
- Medicinal Plants Research Centre, Tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry University, Nyingchi 860000, China.
| | - Weilie Zheng
- Medicinal Plants Research Centre, Tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry University, Nyingchi 860000, China.
| | - Mingjie Li
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Hong Quan
- Medicinal Plants Research Centre, Tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry University, Nyingchi 860000, China.
| | - Jianming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Fengji Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Wei Huang
- College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Yunfang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Xiaozhong Lan
- Medicinal Plants Research Centre, Tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry University, Nyingchi 860000, China.
| | - Zhongyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
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Ma CH, Chu JZ, Shi XF, Liu CQ, Yao XQ. Effects of enhanced UV-B radiation on the nutritional and active ingredient contents during the floral development of medicinal chrysanthemum. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2016; 158:228-34. [PMID: 26985737 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2016.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The paper mainly studied the effects of enhanced UV-B radiation on the nutritional and active ingredient contents during the floral development of medicinal chrysanthemum. The experiment included two levels of UV-B radiation (0 and 400μWcm(-2)). The contents of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), anthocyanin, UV-B absorbing compounds, total chlorophyll and carotenoids, and the activities of phenylalanine ammonia lyase enzyme (PAL) and cinnamic acid-4-hydroxylase enzyme (C4H) in flowers significantly decreased with the floral development. However, the contents of soluble sugar, amino acid and total vitamin C in flowers significantly increased with the floral development. The contents of flavonoid and chlorogenic acid were significantly different in the four stages of floral development, and their highest contents were found in the bud stage (stage 2). In the four stages of floral development, enhanced UV-B radiation significantly increased the contents of H2O2, UV-B absorbing compounds, chlorophyll, carotenoids, soluble sugar, amino acid, vitamin C, flavonoid and chlorogenic acid, and the activities of PLA and C4H in flowers. The results indicated that the highest contents of active and nutrient ingredients in flowers were found not to be in the same developmental stages of flowers. Comprehensive analysis revealed that the best harvest stage of chrysanthemum flowers was between the bud stage and the young flower stage (stage 2 and stage 3), which could simultaneously gain the higher contents of active and nutritional ingredients in flowers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Hui Ma
- The College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Jian Zhou Chu
- The College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Xiao Fei Shi
- The College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Cun Qi Liu
- The College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Xiao Qin Yao
- The College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
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