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Ahrari F, Nazifi M, Mazhari F, Ghazvini K, Menbari S, Fekrazad R, Babaei K, Banihashemrad A. Photoinactivation Effects of Curcumin, Nano-curcumin, and Erythrosine on Planktonic and Biofilm Cultures of Streptococcus mutans. J Lasers Med Sci 2024; 15:e7. [PMID: 38655044 PMCID: PMC11033858 DOI: 10.34172/jlms.2024.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Introduction: This in vitro study was conducted to assess the phototoxic effects of curcumin, nano-curcumin, and erythrosine on the viability of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) in suspension and biofilm forms. Methods: Various concentrations of curcumin (1.5 g/L, 3 g/L), nano-curcumin (3 g/L), and erythrosine (100 μM/L, 250 μM/L) were examined for their impact on planktonic and biofilm cultures of S. mutans, either individually or in conjunction with light irradiation (photodynamic therapy or PDT). A blue light-emitting diode (LED) with a central wavelength of 450 nm served as the light source. The results were compared to 0.12% chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX) as the positive control, and a solution containing neither a photosensitizer (PS) nor a light source as the negative control group. The dependent variable was the number of viable microorganisms per experiment (CFU/mL). Results: Antimicrobial PDT caused a significant reduction in the viability of S. mutans in both planktonic and biofilm forms, compared to the negative control group (P<0.05). The highest cell killing was observed in PDT groups with curcumin 3 g/L or erythrosine 250 μmol/L, although the difference with PDT groups using curcumin 1.5 g/L or erythrosine 100 μmol/L was not significant (P>0.05). Antimicrobial treatments were more effective against planktonic S. mutans than the biofilm form. Conclusion: PDT with either curcumin 1.5 g/L or erythrosine 100 μmol/L may be suggested as an alternative to CHX to inactivate the bacteria in dental plaque or deep cavities. Nano-curcumin, at the selected concentration, exhibited lower efficacy in killing S. mutans compared to Curcumin or erythrosine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Ahrari
- Dental Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Morteza Nazifi
- Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mazhari
- Dental Materials Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Kiarash Ghazvini
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Shaho Menbari
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Reza Fekrazad
- Radiation Sciences Research Center, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- International Network for Photo Medicine and Photo Dynamic Therapy (INPMPDT), Universal Scientific Education and Research, Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Kourosh Babaei
- Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ahmad Banihashemrad
- Department of Restorative, Preventive, and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Leite ML, Comeau P, Aghakeshmiri S, Lange D, Rodrigues LKA, Branda N, Manso AP. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy against a dual-species cariogenic biofilm using a ruthenium-loaded resin-based dental material. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2024; 46:104019. [PMID: 38395246 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.104019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans are associated with caries recurrence. Therefore, this study evaluated the combination of a Ru(II)-loaded resin-based dental material (RDM) and antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) against a dual-species biofilm of S. mutans and C. albicans. METHODS An aPDT protocol was established evaluating Ru(II)'s photocatalytic activity and antimicrobial potential under blue LED irradiation (440-460 nm, 22.55 mW/cm2) at different energy densities (0.00, 6.25, 20.25, 40.50 J/cm2). This evaluation involved singlet oxygen quantification and determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal/fungicidal concentration (MBC/MFC). The biofilm was grown (72 h) on resin disks prepared with Ru(II)-doped RDM (0.00, 0.56, or 1.12 %) and samples were exposed to aPDT or dark conditions. The biofilm was then harvested to analyze cell viability (CFU counts) and formation of soluble and insoluble exopolysaccharides. RESULTS The photocatalytic activity of Ru(II) was concentration and energy density dependent (p < 0.05), and MIC/MBC values were reduced for the microorganisms after LED irradiation (40.5 J/cm2); therefor, this energy density was chosen for aPDT. Although incorporation of Ru(II) into RDM reduced the biofilm growth compared to Ru(II)-free RDM for both species in dark conditions (p < 0.05), aPDT combined with an Ru(II)-loaded RDM (0.56 or 1.12 %) potentialized CFU reductions (p < 0.05). Conversely, only 1.12 % Ru(II) with LED irradiation showed lower levels of both soluble and insoluble exopolysaccharides compared to Ru(II)-free samples in dark conditions (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS When the Ru(II)-loaded RDM was associated with blue LED, aPDT reduced cell viability and lower soluble and insoluble exopolysaccharides were found in the cariogenic dual-species biofilm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Luísa Leite
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Division of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of British Columbia, 2199 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Patricia Comeau
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Gina Cody School of Engineering and Computer Science, Concordia University, 1455 De Maisonneuve Blvd. W., Montreal, QC H3G 1M8, Canada
| | - Sana Aghakeshmiri
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Division of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of British Columbia, 2199 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Dirk Lange
- Department of Urological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, 2775 Laurel St, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Lidiany Karla Azevedo Rodrigues
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Federal University of Ceará, 1057 Monsenhor Furtado St, Fortaleza, CE 60430-355, Brazil
| | - Neil Branda
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 0A7, Canada
| | - Adriana Pigozzo Manso
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Division of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of British Columbia, 2199 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada.
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Li Y, Sun G, Xie J, Xiao S, Lin C. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy against oral biofilm: influencing factors, mechanisms, and combined actions with other strategies. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1192955. [PMID: 37362926 PMCID: PMC10288113 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1192955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral biofilms are a prominent cause of a wide variety of oral infectious diseases which are still considered as growing public health problems worldwide. Oral biofilms harbor specific virulence factors that would aggravate the infectious process and present resistance to some traditional therapies. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) has been proposed as a potential approach to eliminate oral biofilms via in situ-generated reactive oxygen species. Although numerous types of research have investigated the effectiveness of aPDT, few review articles have listed the antimicrobial mechanisms of aPDT on oral biofilms and new methods to improve the efficiency of aPDT. The review aims to summarize the virulence factors of oral biofilms, the progress of aPDT in various oral biofilm elimination, the mechanism mediated by aPDT, and combinatorial approaches of aPDT with other traditional agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijun Li
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Guanwen Sun
- Department of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University Xiamen Humanity Hospital, Xiamen, China
| | - Jingchan Xie
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Suli Xiao
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Chen Lin
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
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Saha S, Do T, Maycock J, Wood S, Boesch C. Antibiofilm Efficacies of Flavonoid-Rich Sweet Orange Waste Extract against Dual-Species Biofilms. Pathogens 2023; 12:pathogens12050657. [PMID: 37242327 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12050657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The current study evaluated the antibacterial properties of industrial sweet orange waste extracts (ISOWEs), which are a rich source of flavonoids. The ISOWEs exhibited antibacterial activity towards the dental cariogenic pathogens Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus casei with 13.0 ± 2.0 and 20.0 ± 2.0 mg/mL for MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) and 37.7 ± 1.5 and 43.3 ± 2.1 mg/mL for MBC (minimum bactericidal concentration), respectively. When evaluated in a 7-day dual-species oral biofilm model, ISOWEs dose-dependently reduced the viable bacteria count, and demonstrated strong synergistic effects when combined with the anti-septic chlorhexidine (at 0.1 and 0.2%). Similarly, confocal microscopy confirmed the anti-cariogenic properties of ISOWEs, alone and in combination with chlorhexidine. The citrus flavonoids contributed differently to these effects, with the flavones (nobiletin, tangeretin and sinensetin) demonstrating significantly lower MICs and MBCs compared to the flavanones hesperidin and narirutin. In conclusion, our study demonstrated the potential of citrus waste as a currently underutilised source of flavonoids for antimicrobial applications, such as in dental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suvro Saha
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
- School of Dentistry, Division of Oral Biology, Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9LU, UK
| | - Thuy Do
- School of Dentistry, Division of Oral Biology, Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9LU, UK
| | - Joanne Maycock
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Simon Wood
- School of Dentistry, Division of Oral Biology, Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9LU, UK
| | - Christine Boesch
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
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Du J, Huang S, Wu M, Chen S, Zhou W, Zhan L, Huang X. Dlt operon regulates physiological function and cariogenic virulence in Streptococcus mutans. Future Microbiol 2023; 18:225-233. [PMID: 37097048 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2022-0165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus mutans is one of the major cariogenic pathogens in the oral cavity. The dlt operon is responsible for the process of D-alanylation of lipoteichoic acid and is related to the virulence of S. mutans. The dlt operon contributes to the adhesion, biofilm formation, stress response, interspecies competitiveness and autolysis of S. mutans. In addition, we have summarized the possible regulatory networks of the dlt operon. This review highlights the significant role of the dlt operon in S. mutans and provides new ideas for ecological caries prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyun Du
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key lab of Fujian College & University, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shan Huang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key lab of Fujian College & University, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Minjing Wu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key lab of Fujian College & University, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuai Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key lab of Fujian College & University, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wen Zhou
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key lab of Fujian College & University, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ling Zhan
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Orofacial Sciences, Department of Preventive & Restorative Dental Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Xiaojing Huang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key lab of Fujian College & University, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy as an adjunctive treatment to ultrasound for the dentin caries-like lesion removal. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2022; 40:103148. [PMID: 36216023 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.103148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate in vitro the efficacy of ultrasound device to remove caries-like dentin and the curcumin-mediated antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) to decontaminate the affected dentin. METHODS Bovine dentin specimens (n = 173) of 4 × 4 × 2 mm were first submitted to Knoop surface microhardness to standardize the specimens (29 ± 3 KHN). Artificial caries lesion was induced by Streptococcus mutans strain by biological model for 7 days. Infected dentin was removed (1 min) with the following techniques: dentin excavator, bur at low-speed rotation and ultrasound device. After that, aPDT application was performed using blue LED under 460 nm. Polarized light microscopy (PLM), removal rate (n = 10), cross-sectional microhardness (n = 10), colony forming units per milliliter (CFU) (n = 9) and confocal laser microscopy (CM) (n = 2) were performed. ANOVA with Welch correction, post-hoc Games-Howell and two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post-hoc tests were used. RESULTS PLM confirmed the caries lesion formation with a depth of ∼147.9 µm. Groups treated with ultrasound showed lower removal rate (p = 0.001). Regardless of the treatment, the microhardness values increased as function of depth (p ≤ 0.05). Carbide bur showed the highest microhardness value, followed by ultrasound and excavator. CFU and CM showed a significant reduction in S. mutans after aPDT application. CONCLUSION Ultrasound was efficient, since it removed infected dentin, preserving the affected dentin and aPDT can be used as a complementary therapy to decontaminate the affected dentin. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Ultrasound device may help the clinician to remove dentin caries-like lesions since it is a conservative technique and provided the removal of infected dentin, preserving the affected dentin. aPDT application may be used as a complimentary technique to promote antibacterial effect and possibly minimize the risk of secondary caries.
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Yan Y, Guan Y, Luo L, Lu B, Chen F, Jiang B. Effects of immunoglobulin Y-loaded amorphous calcium phosphate on dentinal tubules occlusion and antibacterial activity. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:921336. [PMID: 36246386 PMCID: PMC9554463 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.921336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of immunoglobulin Y (IgY)-loaded amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) (IgY@ACP) on dentinal tubule occlusion and antibacterial activity.Methodology: IgY@ACP was synthesized based on a biomimetic mineralization strategy. The structure was examined by transmission electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The IgY release property was assessed in vitro. The cell biocompatibility of IgY@ACP was evaluated by CCK-8. The dentin disks were prepared using healthy human molars, and their dentinal tubules were exposed to EDTA. Subsequently, they were randomly selected and treated with or without IgY@ACP for 7 days. The tubule occlusion morphologies and newly formed layers were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and x-ray diffraction, respectively. To evaluate the acid resistance and abrasion resistance of IgY@ACP, dentin disks that were treated for 1 day were immersed in acid solution or subjected to a toothbrush. The antibacterial effects against Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) were evaluated by colony-forming unit (CFU) counting, adhesion property assessment, and crystal violet and live/dead bacterial staining. Finally, the occlusion effect was evaluated in rat incisors in vivo. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed for statistical analysis. The level of significance was set at 0.05.Results: IgY@ACP presented an amorphous phase with a nanosize (60–80 nm) and sustained release of protein within 48 h. The CCK-8 results showed that IgY@ACP had good biocompatibility. After treatment with IgY@ACP for 1 day, the majority of dentinal tubules were occluded by a 0.3-μm-thick mineralized layer. Seven days later, all dentinal tubules were occluded by mineralization with a thickness of 1.4 μm and a depth of 16 μm. The newly mineralized layer showed hydroxyapatite-like diffraction peaks. In addition, IgY@ACP had good acid and abrasion resistance. After treatment with IgY@ACP, the CFU counting and adhesion rate of S. mutans were significantly reduced, the crystal violet staining was lighter, and the S. mutans staining revealed more dead cells. Most importantly, IgY@ACP had a certain occluding property in rat incisors in vivo.Conclusion: IgY@ACP can effectively occlude dentinal tubules with acid-resistant stability and has prominent anti-S. mutans effects, rendering it a potentially suitable desensitization material in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Yan
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun Guan
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Linjuan Luo
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Bingqiang Lu
- Department of Orthopedic, Spinal Pain Research Institute, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Orthopedic, Spinal Pain Research Institute, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Beizhan Jiang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Beizhan Jiang,
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Li Y, Du J, Huang S, Wang S, Wang Y, Lei L, Zhang C, Huang X. Antimicrobial Photodynamic Effect of Cross-Kingdom Microorganisms with Toluidine Blue O and Potassium Iodide. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:11373. [PMID: 36232675 PMCID: PMC9569606 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) and Candida albicans (C. albicans) are prominent microbes associated with rapid and aggressive caries. In the present study, we investigated the antimicrobial efficacy, cytotoxicity, and mechanism of toluidine blue O (TBO)-mediated antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) and potassium iodide (KI). The dependence of KI concentration, TBO concentration and light dose on the antimicrobial effect of aPDT plus KI was determined. The cytotoxicity of TBO-mediated aPDT plus KI was analyzed by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. A singlet oxygen (1O2) probe test, time-resolved 1O2 detection, and a 1O2 quencher experiment were performed to evaluate the role of 1O2 during aPDT plus KI. The generation of iodine and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) were analyzed by an iodine starch test and Amplex red assay. The anti-biofilm effect of TBO-mediated aPDT plus KI was also evaluated by counting forming unit (CFU) assay. KI could potentiate TBO-mediated aPDT against S. mutans and C. albicans in planktonic and biofilm states, which was safe for human dental pulp cells. 1O2 measurement showed that KI could quench 1O2 signals, implicating that 1O2 may act as a principal mediator to oxidize excess iodide ions to form iodine and H2O2. KI could highly potentiate TBO-mediated aPDT in eradicating S. mutans and C. albicans due to the synergistic effect of molecular iodine and H2O2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijun Li
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Lab of Fujian College and University, School of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jingyun Du
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Lab of Fujian College and University, School of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Shan Huang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Lab of Fujian College and University, School of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Shaofeng Wang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Lab of Fujian College and University, School of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yanhuang Wang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Lab of Fujian College and University, School of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Lishan Lei
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Lab of Fujian College and University, School of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Chengfei Zhang
- Restorative Dental Sciences (Endodontics), Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Xiaojing Huang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Lab of Fujian College and University, School of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350002, China
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Huang S, Wu M, Li Y, Du J, Chen S, Jiang S, Huang X, Zhan L. The dlt operon contributes to the resistance to chlorhexidine in Streptococcus mutans. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2022; 59:106540. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2022.106540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Sonophotodynamic Inactivation: The power of light and ultrasound in the battle against microorganisms. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpap.2021.100039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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Fekrirad Z, Darabpour E, Kashef N. Eradication of Acinetobacter baumannii Planktonic and Biofilm Cells Through Erythrosine-Mediated Photodynamic Inactivation Augmented by Acetic Acid and Chitosan. Curr Microbiol 2021; 78:879-886. [PMID: 33512576 PMCID: PMC7845581 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-021-02350-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic inactivation (PDI) is an attractive treatment modality for multidrug-resistant bacterial infections. The effectiveness of photosensitization by anionic photosensitizers such as erythrosine B can be further enhanced by the addition of biological or chemical molecules. This study aimed to investigate of the enhancement effect of acetic acid and chitosan on erythrosine-mediated PDI of Acinetobacter baumannii in planktonic and biofilm forms. The planktonic cell growth of three A. baumannii strains was subjected to PDI by using erythrosine B (50 µM) in 0.01% acetic acid and green laser light (530 nm) at fluence of 40 J/cm2. The phototoxic effect of erythrosine B (100 µM) in combination with chitosan (12.5 mg/ml) (in a solution of acetic acid) at fluence of 80 J/cm2 on biofilms was also evaluated. Finally, the cytotoxicity and phototoxicity of the mentioned mixture were assessed on human fibroblasts. Planktonic cells of all three studied A. baumannii strains were almost eradicated by erythrosine B-mediated PDI in the presence of acetic acid. Also, PDI combined with chitosan resulted in a marked decrease in the number of viable biofilm cells (> 3 log10 CFU). At the same experimental conditions, only 15% of the fibroblasts were photoinactivated. The results showed that PDI by using erythrosine B in acetic acid is very effective against A. baumannii planktonic cells and could eliminate them significantly. Also, chitosan enhanced the anti-biofilm efficacy of erythrosine B-mediated PDI against A. baumannii, suggesting that combination therapy may be useful in targeting biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Fekrirad
- Department of Microbiology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Esmaeil Darabpour
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Nasim Kashef
- Department of Microbiology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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Song YM, Zhou HY, Wu Y, Wang J, Liu Q, Mei YF. In Vitro Evaluation of the Antibacterial Properties of Tea Tree Oil on Planktonic and Biofilm-Forming Streptococcus mutans. AAPS PharmSciTech 2020; 21:227. [PMID: 32767025 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-020-01753-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) is the principal etiologic agent in the occurrence of human dental caries and the formation of biofilms on the surface of teeth. Tea tree oil (TTO) has been demonstrated to exhibit a wide range of pharmacological actions that can effectively inhibit the activity of bacteria. In this context, we evaluated the in vitro antimicrobial effects of TTO on S. mutans both during planktonic growth and in biofilms compared with 0.2% CHX. We determined the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) using the microdilution method, the bacteriostatic rate using an MTT assay, and the antimicrobial time using a time-kill assay. Then, we explored the effects of TTO on acid production and cell integrity. Furthermore, the effects of TTO on the biomass and bacterial activity of S. mutans biofilms were studied. Finally, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) were used to investigate the structure and activity of biofilms. The MIC and MBC values were 0.125% and 0.25%, and the bacterial inhibition rate was concentration dependent. TTO can effectively inhibit bacterial acid production and destroy the integrity of the cell membrane. Electron micrographs revealed a reduction in bacterial aggregation, inhibited biofilm formation, and reduced biofilm thickness. The effect of TTO was the same as that of 0.2% CHX at a specific concentration. In summary, we suggest that TTO is a potential anticariogenic agent that can be used against S. mutans.
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