1
|
Struth E, Labaf M, Karimnia V, Liu Y, Cramer G, Dahl JB, Slack FJ, Zarringhalam K, Celli JP. Drug resistant pancreatic cancer cells exhibit altered biophysical interactions with stromal fibroblasts in imaging studies of 3D co-culture models. Sci Rep 2024; 14:20698. [PMID: 39237667 PMCID: PMC11377574 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-71372-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Interactions between tumor and stromal cells are well known to play prominent roles in progression of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). As knowledge of stromal crosstalk in PDAC has evolved, it has become clear that cancer associated fibroblasts can play both tumor promoting and tumor suppressive roles through a combination of paracrine crosstalk and juxtacrine interactions involving direct physical contact. Another major contributor to dismal survival statistics for PDAC is development of resistance to chemotherapy drugs, though less is known about how the acquisition of chemoresistance impacts upon tumor-stromal crosstalk. Here, we use time lapse imaging and image analysis to study how co-culture geometry impacts interactions between epithelial and stromal cells. We show that extracellular matrix (ECM) overlay cultures in which stromal cells (pancreatic stellate cells, or normal human fibroblasts) are placed adjacent to PDAC cells (PANC1) result in direct heterotypic cell adhesions accompanied by dramatic fibroblast contractility. We analyze these interactions in co-cultures using particle image velocimetry (PIV) analysis to quantify cell velocities over the course of time lapse movie sequences. We further contrast co-cultures of PANC1 with those containing a drug resistant subline (PANC1-OR) previously established in our lab and find that heterotypic cell-cell interactions are suppressed in the latter relative to the parental line. We use RNA-seq and bioinformatics analysis to identify differential gene expression in PANC1 and PANC1-OR, which shows that negative regulation of cell adhesion molecules, consistent with increased epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), is also correlated with reduction in the hetrotypic cell-cell contact necessary for the contractile behavior observed in drug naïve cultures. Overall these findings elucidate the role of drug-resistance in inhibiting an avenue of stromal crosstalk which is associated with tumor suppression and also help to establish cell culture conditions useful for further mechanistic investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Struth
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, 02125, USA
| | - Maryam Labaf
- Department of Mathematics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, 02125, USA
- Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, 02125, USA
| | - Vida Karimnia
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, 02125, USA
| | - Yiran Liu
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, 02125, USA
| | - Gwendolyn Cramer
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, 02125, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Joanna B Dahl
- Department of Engineering, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, 02125, USA
| | - Frank J Slack
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School Initiative for RNA Medicine, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Kourosh Zarringhalam
- Department of Mathematics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, 02125, USA
- Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, 02125, USA
| | - Jonathan P Celli
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, 02125, USA.
- Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, 02125, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Struth E, Labaf M, Karimnia V, Liu Y, Cramer G, Dahl JB, Slack FJ, Zarringhalam K, Celli JP. Drug resistant pancreatic cancer cells exhibit altered biophysical interactions with stromal fibroblasts in imaging studies of 3D co-culture models. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.14.602133. [PMID: 39071263 PMCID: PMC11275726 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.14.602133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Interactions between tumor and stromal cells are well known to play a prominent roles in progression of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). As knowledge of stromal crosstalk in PDAC has evolved, it has become clear that cancer associated fibroblasts can play both tumor promoting and tumor suppressive roles through a combination of paracrine crosstalk and juxtacrine interactions involving direct physical contact. Another major contributor to dismal survival statistics for PDAC is development of resistance to chemotherapy drugs. Though less is known about how the acquisition of chemoresistance impacts upon tumor-stromal crosstalk. Here, we use 3D co-culture geometries to recapitulate juxtacrine interactions between epithelial and stromal cells. In particular, extracellular matrix (ECM) overlay cultures in which stromal cells (pancreatic stellate cells, or normal human fibroblasts) are placed adjacent to PDAC cells (PANC1), result in direct heterotypic cell adhesions accompanied by dramatic fibroblast contractility which leads to highly condensed macroscopic multicellular aggregates as detected using particle image velocimetry (PIV) analysis to quantify cell velocities over the course of time lapse movie sequences. To investigate how drug resistance impacts these juxtacrine interactions we contrast cultures in which PANC1 are substituted with a drug resistant subline (PANC1-OR) previously established in our lab. We find that heterotypic cell-cell interactions are highly suppressed in drug-resistant cells relative to the parental PANC1 cells. To investigate further we conduct RNA-seq and bioinformatics analysis to identify differential gene expression in PANC1 and PANC1-OR, which shows that negative regulation of cell adhesion molecules, consistent with increased epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), is also consistent with loss of hetrotypic cell-cell contact necessary for the contractile behavior observed in drug naïve cultures. Overall these findings elucidate the role of drug-resistance in inhibiting an avenue of stromal crosstalk which is associated with tumor suppression and also help to establish cell culture conditions useful for further mechanistic investigation.
Collapse
|
3
|
Chanda B, Azophi Moffat, Shah N, Khan A, Quaye M, Fakhry J, Soma S, Nguyen A, Eroy M, Malkoochi A, Brekken R, Hasan T, Ferruzzi J, Obaid G. PD-L1 Immune Checkpoint Targeted Photoactivable Liposomes (iTPALs) Prime the Stroma of Pancreatic Tumors and Promote Self-Delivery. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2304340. [PMID: 38324463 PMCID: PMC11281872 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202304340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Desmoplasia in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) limits the penetration and efficacy of therapies. It has been previously shown that photodynamic priming (PDP) using EGFR targeted photoactivable multi-inhibitor liposomes remediates desmoplasia in PDAC and doubles overall survival. Here, bifunctional PD-L1 immune checkpoint targeted photoactivable liposomes (iTPALs) that mediate both PDP and PD-L1 blockade are presented. iTPALs also improve phototoxicity in PDAC cells and induce immunogenic cell death. PDP using iTPALs reduces collagen density, thereby promoting self-delivery by 5.4-fold in collagen hydrogels, and by 2.4-fold in syngeneic CT1BA5 murine PDAC tumors. PDP also reduces tumor fibroblast content by 39.4%. Importantly, iTPALs also block the PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint more efficiently than free α-PD-L1 antibodies. Only a single sub-curative priming dose using iTPALs provides 54.1% tumor growth inhibition and prolongs overall survival in mice by 42.9%. Overall survival directly correlates with the extent of tumor iTPAL self-delivery following PDP (Pearson's r = 0.670, p = 0.034), while no relationship is found for sham non-specific IgG constructs activated with light. When applied over multiple cycles, as is typical for immune checkpoint therapy, PDP using iTPALs promises to offer durable tumor growth delay and significant survival benefit in PDAC patients, especially when used to promote self-delivery of integrated chemo-immunotherapy regimens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bhandari Chanda
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - Azophi Moffat
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - Nimit Shah
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - Adil Khan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - Maxwell Quaye
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - John Fakhry
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - Siddharth Soma
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - Austin Nguyen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - Menitte Eroy
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - Ashritha Malkoochi
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - Rolf Brekken
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Tayyaba Hasan
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jacopo Ferruzzi
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - Girgis Obaid
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lintern N, Smith AM, Jayne DG, Khaled YS. Photodynamic Stromal Depletion in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4135. [PMID: 37627163 PMCID: PMC10453210 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15164135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the deadliest solid malignancies, with a five-year survival of less than 10%. The resistance of the disease and the associated lack of therapeutic response is attributed primarily to its dense, fibrotic stroma, which acts as a barrier to drug perfusion and permits tumour survival and invasion. As clinical trials of chemotherapy (CT), radiotherapy (RT), and targeted agents have not been successful, improving the survival rate in unresectable PDAC remains an urgent clinical need. Photodynamic stromal depletion (PSD) is a recent approach that uses visible or near-infrared light to destroy the desmoplastic tissue. Preclinical evidence suggests this can resensitise tumour cells to subsequent therapies whilst averting the tumorigenic effects of tumour-stromal cell interactions. So far, the pre-clinical studies have suggested that PDT can successfully mediate the destruction of various stromal elements without increasing the aggressiveness of the tumour. However, the complexity of this interplay, including the combined tumour promoting and suppressing effects, poses unknowns for the clinical application of photodynamic stromal depletion in PDAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Lintern
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Andrew M. Smith
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, St James’s University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK
| | - David G. Jayne
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, St James’s University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Yazan S. Khaled
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, St James’s University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Karimnia V, Stanley ME, Fitzgerald CT, Rizvi I, Slack FJ, Celli JP. Photodynamic Stromal Depletion Enhances Therapeutic Nanoparticle Delivery in 3D Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Tumor Models. Photochem Photobiol 2023; 99:120-131. [PMID: 35699307 PMCID: PMC10082669 DOI: 10.1111/php.13663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is among the most lethal of human malignancies. PDAC is characterized by dense fibrous stroma which obstructs drug delivery and plays complex tumor-promoting roles. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a light-based modality which has been demonstrated to be clinically feasible and effective for tumors of the pancreas. Here, we use in vitro heterocellular 3D co-culture models in conjunction with imaging, bulk rheology and microrheology to investigate photodegradation of non-cellular components of PDAC stroma (photodynamic stromal depletion, PSD). By measuring the rheology of extracellular matrix (ECM) before and after PDT we find that softening of ECM is concomitant with increased transport of nanoparticles (NPs). At the same time, as shown by us previously, photodestruction of stromal fibroblasts leads to enhanced tumor response to PDT. Here we specifically evaluate the capability of PSD to enhance RNA nanomedicine delivery, using a NP carrying an inhibitor of miR-21-5P, a PDAC oncomiR. We confirm improved delivery of this therapeutic NP after PSD by observation of increased expression of PDCD4, a protein target of miR-21-5P. Collectively, these results in 3D tumor models suggest that PSD could be developed to enhance delivery of other cancer therapeutics and improve tumor response to treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vida Karimnia
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts at Boston, Boston, MA
| | - M Elizabeth Stanley
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Christian T Fitzgerald
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Imran Rizvi
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Frank J Slack
- Department of Pathology, BIDMC Cancer Center/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Jonathan P Celli
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts at Boston, Boston, MA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Liu Y, Wu X, Chen F, Li H, Wang T, Liu N, Sun K, Zhou G, Tao K. Modulating cancer-stroma crosstalk by a nanoparticle-based photodynamic method to pave the way for subsequent therapies. Biomaterials 2022; 289:121813. [PMID: 36152513 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells and their stromal microenvironment are mutually supportive. Either destroying cancer cells or damaging stromal components cannot guarantee a satisfactory outcome in the long-term treatment. Herein, we showed that the tumor-stroma crosstalk was disturbed by nanoparticle-based photodynamic therapy (PDT) in pancreatic tumor models, leading to the persistent inhibition of extracellular matrix (ECM) secretion and the enhanced therapeutic effect. By employing a conditioned medium method, we found that the nanoparticulate PDT at a sub-lethal dosage down-regulated TGFβ signaling pathways, leading to the decrease in drug resistance, proliferation, and migration of the cancer cells. Meanwhile, pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) were inactivated by PDT, hindering the secretion of ECM. Combining the results that PDT indiscriminately killed PSCs and cancer cells, we showed that the mutual support between the cancer cells and the stroma was interrupted. We further presented the inhibition of the crosstalk persistently enhanced tumor penetration in stroma-rich pancreatic tumor models. The loosened stroma not only facilitated tumor eradication by subsequent therapy but also improved the efficiency of gemcitabine treatment on monthly later recurrent tumors. Therefore, our work may boost the potential of PDT to be a valuable individual or adjuvant treatment for desmoplastic cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Xiaodi Wu
- Research Institute of Plastic Surgery, Wei Fang Medical College, Wei Fang, Shandong, 261042, PR China
| | - Feifan Chen
- Research Institute of Plastic Surgery, Wei Fang Medical College, Wei Fang, Shandong, 261042, PR China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, PR China
| | - Tao Wang
- Research Institute of Plastic Surgery, Wei Fang Medical College, Wei Fang, Shandong, 261042, PR China
| | - Ningning Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Kang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China.
| | - Guangdong Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, PR China; Research Institute of Plastic Surgery, Wei Fang Medical College, Wei Fang, Shandong, 261042, PR China.
| | - Ke Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ghosh S, He X, Huang WC, Lovell JF. Immune checkpoint blockade enhances chemophototherapy in a syngeneic pancreatic tumor model. APL Bioeng 2022; 6:036105. [PMID: 36164594 PMCID: PMC9509203 DOI: 10.1063/5.0099811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PaCa) suffers from poor treatment options for locally advanced cases. Chemophototherapy (CPT) is an emerging anti-tumor modality, and porphyrin–phospholipid liposomes have been shown to be versatile drug carriers for CPT in preclinical rodent models. Here we show that in the syngeneic subcutaneous KPC PaCa tumor model, exhausted CD8+ T cells are localized in the tumor, and that CPT is enhanced in combination with immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). Addition of ICB using anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) antibodies resulted in ablation of medium-sized, established KPC tumors (∼200 mm3) without recurrence for over 100 days. Mice rejected subsequent tumor re-challenge. Flow cytometry and tumor slice analysis following injection of a fluorescently labeled anti-PD-1 antibody showed that CPT improved antibody delivery to the tumor microenvironment. Treatment of large established tumors (∼400 mm3) using with CPT and ICB induced appreciable tumor regression and delay in regrowth. Taken together, these data demonstrate the utility of combining CPT with immunotherapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanjana Ghosh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, USA
| | - Xuedan He
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, USA
| | - Wei-Chiao Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, USA
| | - Jonathan F Lovell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Saad MA, Zhung W, Stanley ME, Formica S, Grimaldo-Garcia S, Obaid G, Hasan T. Photoimmunotherapy Retains Its Anti-Tumor Efficacy with Increasing Stromal Content in Heterotypic Pancreatic Cancer Spheroids. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:2549-2563. [PMID: 35583476 PMCID: PMC10443673 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive disease characterized by increased levels of desmoplasia that contribute to reduced drug delivery and poor treatment outcomes. In PDAC, the stromal content can account for up to 90% of the total tumor volume. The complex interplay between stromal components, including pancreatic cancer-associated fibroblasts (PCAFs), and PDAC cells in the tumor microenvironment has a significant impact on the prognoses and thus needs to be recapitulated in vitro when evaluating various treatment strategies. This study is a systematic evaluation of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in 3D heterotypic coculture models of PDAC with varying ratios of patient-derived PCAFs that simulate heterogeneous PDAC tumors with increasing stromal content. The efficacy of antibody-targeted PDT (photoimmunotherapy; PIT) using cetuximab (a clinically approved anti-EGFR antibody) photoimmunoconjugates (PICs) of a benzoporphyrin derivative (BPD) is contrasted with that of liposomal BPD (Visudyne), which is currently in clinical trials for PDT of PDAC. We demonstrate that both Visudyne-PDT and PIT were effective in heterotypic PDAC 3D spheroids with a low stromal content. However, as the stromal content increases above 50% in the 3D spheroids, the efficacy of Visudyne-PDT is reduced by up to 10-fold, while PIT retains its efficacy. PIT was found to be 10-, 19-, and 14-fold more phototoxic in spheroids with 50, 75, and 90% PCAFs, respectively, as compared to Visudyne-PDT. This marked difference in efficacy is attributed to the ability of PICs to penetrate and distribute homogeneously within spheroids with a higher stromal content and the mechanistically different modes of action of the two formulations. This study thus demonstrates how the stromal content in PDAC spheroids directly impacts their responsiveness to PDT and proposes PIT to be a highly suited treatment option for desmoplastic tumors with particularly high degrees of stromal content.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad A. Saad
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Wonho Zhung
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Margaret Elizabeth Stanley
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Sydney Formica
- Bouvè college of Health Science, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Girgis Obaid
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Current address: Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson 75080, Texas, USA
| | - Tayyaba Hasan
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Aires-Fernandes M, Amantino CF, do Amaral SR, Primo FL. Tissue Engineering and Photodynamic Therapy: A New Frontier of Science for Clinical Application -An Up-To-Date Review. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:837693. [PMID: 35782498 PMCID: PMC9240431 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.837693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering (TE) connects principles of life sciences and engineering to develop biomaterials as alternatives to biological systems and substitutes that can improve and restore tissue function. The principle of TE is the incorporation of cells through a 3D matrix support (scaffold) or using scaffold-free organoid cultures to reproduce the 3D structure. In addition, 3D models developed can be used for different purposes, from studies mimicking healthy tissues and organs as well as to simulate and study different pathologies. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a non-invasive therapeutic modality when compared to conventional therapies. Therefore, PDT has great acceptance among patients and proves to be quite efficient due to its selectivity, versatility and therapeutic simplicity. The PDT mechanism consists of the use of three components: a molecule with higher molar extinction coefficient at UV-visible spectra denominated photosensitizer (PS), a monochromatic light source (LASER or LED) and molecular oxygen present in the microenvironment. The association of these components leads to a series of photoreactions and production of ultra-reactive singlet oxygen and reactive oxygen species (ROS). These species in contact with the pathogenic cell, leads to its target death based on necrotic and apoptosis ways. The initial objective of PDT is the production of high concentrations of ROS in order to provoke cellular damage by necrosis or apoptosis. However, recent studies have shown that by decreasing the energy density and consequently reducing the production of ROS, it enabled a specific cell response to photostimulation, tissues and/or organs. Thus, in the present review we highlight the main 3D models involved in TE and PS most used in PDT, as well as the applications, future perspectives and limitations that accompany the techniques aimed at clinical use.
Collapse
|
10
|
Karimnia V, Slack FJ, Celli JP. Photodynamic Therapy for Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13174354. [PMID: 34503165 PMCID: PMC8431269 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13174354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is among the most lethal of human cancers. Numerous clinical trials evaluating various combinations of chemotherapy and targeted agents and radiotherapy have failed to provide meaningful improvements in survival. A growing number of studies however have indicated that photodynamic therapy (PDT) may be a viable approach for treatment of some pancreatic tumors. PDT, which uses light to activate a photosensitizing agent in target tissue, has seen widespread adoption primarily for dermatological and other applications where superficial light delivery is relatively straightforward. Advances in fiber optic light delivery and dosimetry however have been leveraged to enable PDT even for challenging internal sites, including the pancreas. The aim of this article is to help inform future directions by reviewing relevant literature on the basic science, current clinical status, and potential challenges in the development of PDT as a treatment for PDAC. Abstract Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is among the most lethal of human cancers. Clinical trials of various chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted agents and combination strategies have generally failed to provide meaningful improvement in survival for patients with unresectable disease. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a photochemistry-based approach that enables selective cell killing using tumor-localizing agents activated by visible or near-infrared light. In recent years, clinical studies have demonstrated the technical feasibility of PDT for patients with locally advanced PDAC while a growing body of preclinical literature has shown that PDT can overcome drug resistance and target problematic and aggressive disease. Emerging evidence also suggests the ability of PDT to target PDAC stroma, which is known to act as both a barrier to drug delivery and a tumor-promoting signaling partner. Here, we review the literature which indicates an emergent role of PDT in clinical management of PDAC, including the potential for combination with other targeted agents and RNA medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vida Karimnia
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts at Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA;
| | - Frank J. Slack
- Department of Pathology, BIDMC Cancer Center/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA;
| | - Jonathan P. Celli
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts at Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA;
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Delle Cave D, Rizzo R, Sainz B, Gigli G, del Mercato LL, Lonardo E. The Revolutionary Roads to Study Cell-Cell Interactions in 3D In Vitro Pancreatic Cancer Models. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:930. [PMID: 33672435 PMCID: PMC7926501 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer, the fourth most common cancer worldwide, shows a highly unsuccessful therapeutic response. In the last 10 years, neither important advancements nor new therapeutic strategies have significantly impacted patient survival, highlighting the need to pursue new avenues for drug development discovery and design. Advanced cellular models, resembling as much as possible the original in vivo tumor environment, may be more successful in predicting the efficacy of future anti-cancer candidates in clinical trials. In this review, we discuss novel bioengineered platforms for anticancer drug discovery in pancreatic cancer, from traditional two-dimensional models to innovative three-dimensional ones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Donatella Delle Cave
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics “A. Buzzati-Traverso”, National Research Council (CNR-IGB), Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Riccardo Rizzo
- Institute of Nanotechnology, National Research Council (CNR-NANOTEC), c/o Campus Ecotekne, via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (R.R.); (G.G.); (L.L.d.M.)
| | - Bruno Sainz
- Department of Cancer Biology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomedicas “Alberto Sols” (IIBM), CSIC-UAM, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Spain and Chronic Diseases and Cancer, Area 3-Instituto Ramon y Cajal de Investigacion Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Giuseppe Gigli
- Institute of Nanotechnology, National Research Council (CNR-NANOTEC), c/o Campus Ecotekne, via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (R.R.); (G.G.); (L.L.d.M.)
- Department of Mathematics and Physics “Ennio De Giorgi”, University of Salento, via Arnesano, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Loretta L. del Mercato
- Institute of Nanotechnology, National Research Council (CNR-NANOTEC), c/o Campus Ecotekne, via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (R.R.); (G.G.); (L.L.d.M.)
| | - Enza Lonardo
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics “A. Buzzati-Traverso”, National Research Council (CNR-IGB), Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| |
Collapse
|