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Wei H, Xie M, Chen M, Jiang Q, Wang T, Xing P. Shedding light on cellular dynamics: the progress in developing photoactivated fluorophores. Analyst 2024; 149:689-699. [PMID: 38180167 DOI: 10.1039/d3an01994b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Photoactivated fluorophores (PAFs) are highly effective imaging tools that exhibit a removal of caging groups upon light excitation, resulting in the restoration of their bright fluorescence. This unique property allows for precise control over the spatiotemporal aspects of small molecule substances, making them indispensable for studying protein labeling and small molecule signaling within live cells. In this comprehensive review, we explore the historical background of this field and emphasize recent advancements based on various reaction mechanisms. Additionally, we discuss the structures and applications of the PAFs. We firmly believe that the development of more novel PAFs will provide powerful tools to dynamically investigate cells and expand the applications of these techniques into new domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Wei
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
| | - Mingli Xie
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
| | - Min Chen
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
| | - Qinhong Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
| | - Tenghui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
| | - Panfei Xing
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
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2
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Bousch C, Vreulz B, Kansal K, El-Husseini A, Cecioni S. Fluorogenic Photo-Crosslinking of Glycan-Binding Protein Recognition Using a Fluorinated Azido-Coumarin Fucoside. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202314248. [PMID: 37847865 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202314248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Glycan recognition by glycan-binding proteins is central to the biology of all living organisms. The efficient capture and characterization of relatively weak non-covalent interactions remains an important challenge in various fields of research. Photoaffinity labeling strategies can create covalent bonds between interacting partners, and photoactive scaffolds such as benzophenone, diazirines and aryl azides have proved widely useful. Since their first introduction, relatively few improvements have been advanced and products of photoaffinity labeling remain difficult to detect. We report a fluorinated azido-coumarin scaffold which enables photolabeling under fast and mild activation, and which can leave a fluorescent tag on crosslinked species. Coupling this scaffold to an α-fucoside, we demonstrate fluorogenic photolabeling of glycan-protein interactions over a wide range of affinities. We expect this strategy to be broadly applicable to other chromophores and we envision that such "fluoro-crosslinkers" could become important tools for the traceable capture of non-covalent binding events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Bousch
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, P.O. Box 6128, Station Downtown, Montréal, Québec H3 C 3 J7, Canada
| | - Brandon Vreulz
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, P.O. Box 6128, Station Downtown, Montréal, Québec H3 C 3 J7, Canada
| | - Kartikey Kansal
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, P.O. Box 6128, Station Downtown, Montréal, Québec H3 C 3 J7, Canada
| | - Ali El-Husseini
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, P.O. Box 6128, Station Downtown, Montréal, Québec H3 C 3 J7, Canada
| | - Samy Cecioni
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, P.O. Box 6128, Station Downtown, Montréal, Québec H3 C 3 J7, Canada
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3
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Wu LC, Tada S, Isoshima T, Serizawa T, Ito Y. Photo-reactive polymers for the immobilisation of epidermal growth factors. J Mater Chem B 2023. [PMID: 36655770 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb02040h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Photo-reactive polymers are important for biomaterials, including devices with a 3D-structure. Here, different types of photo-reactive polymers were prepared and utilised for immobilisation of growth factors. They were synthesised by conjugation of gelatin with the azidophenyl group or by copolymerisation of the azidophenyl group-coupled methacrylate with poly(ethylene glycol) methacrylate. The azidophenyl content and the zeta potential of the prepared polymers were measured. After spin coating of polymers, the thickness and the water contact angle of coated layers were measured. The amount of the immobilised epidermal growth factor (EGF) was determined using fluorescence labelling. Cell adhesion responded to the nature of photo-reactive polymers but did not depend on the immobilised EGF. However, cell growth was dependent on the amount of immobilised EGF and was significantly affected by the nature of photo-reactive polymers. The study shows that the properties of the photo-immobilisation matrix significantly influence the biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Chun Wu
- Nano Medical Engineering Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan. .,Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Seiichi Tada
- Emergent Bioengineering Materials Research Team, RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Takashi Isoshima
- Nano Medical Engineering Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Serizawa
- Nano Medical Engineering Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan. .,Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Ito
- Nano Medical Engineering Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan. .,Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan.,Emergent Bioengineering Materials Research Team, RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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4
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Tu Y, Shi P, Bolm C. Visible-Light-Mediated α-Ketoacylations of NH-Sulfoximines with gem-Difluoroalkenes. Org Lett 2022; 24:907-911. [PMID: 35040650 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c04254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A photochemical approach for the preparation of α-keto-N-acyl sulfoximines from NH sulfoximines and gem-difluoroalkenes has been developed. In the presence of NBS, the reactions proceed in air without the need of a photocatalyst or additional oxidant. Results of mechanistic studies suggest that the two oxygens in the products stem from water and dioxygen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongliang Tu
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Peng Shi
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Carsten Bolm
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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Proietti G, Kuzmin J, Temerdashev AZ, Dinér P. Accessing Perfluoroaryl Sulfonimidamides and Sulfoximines via Photogenerated Perfluoroaryl Nitrenes: Synthesis and Application as a Chiral Auxiliary. J Org Chem 2021; 86:17119-17128. [PMID: 34766772 PMCID: PMC8650101 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Sulfonimidamides
(SIAs) and sulfoximines (SOIs) have attracted
attention due to their potential in agriculture and in medicinal chemistry
as bioisosteres of biologically active compounds, and new synthetic
methods are needed to access and explore these compounds. Herein,
we present a light-promoted generation of perfluorinated aromatic
nitrenes, from perfluorinated azides, that subsequently are allowed
to react with sulfinamides and sulfoxides, generating achiral and
chiral SIAs and SOIs. One of the enantiopure SIAs was evaluated as
a novel chiral auxiliary in Grignard additions to the imines yielding
the product in up to 96:4 diastereomeric ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giampiero Proietti
- Division of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 30, 10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Julius Kuzmin
- Division of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 30, 10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Azamat Z Temerdashev
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Kuban State University, Stavropolskaya St. 149, 350040 Krasnodar, Russia
| | - Peter Dinér
- Division of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 30, 10044 Stockholm, Sweden
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Tu Y, Zhang D, Shi P, Wang C, Ma D, Bolm C. Visible light-induced C-C bond cleavage in a multicomponent reaction cascade allowing acylations of sulfoximines with ketones. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:8096-8101. [PMID: 34487133 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01411k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Visible light induces C-C-bond cleavage reactions of ketones, which can be utilized for N-acylations of sulfoximines. No (photo)catalyst is required, and the reactions occur at ambient temperature in air. The substrate scope is broad for both ketones and sulfoximines. For converting NH-sulfoximines, the presence of NBS is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongliang Tu
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Duo Zhang
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Peng Shi
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Chenyang Wang
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Ding Ma
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Carsten Bolm
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
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Rashid M, Baker DD, Greer A. Two-step Two-intermediate Photorelease Bolm-McCulla Reaction: Dual Release of Nitrene and Atomic Oxygen Reactive Intermediates. Photochem Photobiol 2021; 97:1453-1455. [PMID: 34242417 DOI: 10.1111/php.13485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
This article is a highlight of the paper by Isor et al. in this issue of Photochemistry and Photobiology. It describes the photolysis of a dibenzothiophene sulfoximine (bearing N-phenyl imino and S-oxide groups) to produce two reactive intermediates in tandem. The sulfoximine undergoes a S-N and S-O photocleavage to release phenyl nitrene and atomic oxygen [O(3 P)]. The phenyl nitrene dimerizes to azobenzene or is trapped by diethylamine to reach an azepine. From there, atomic oxygen arises in a secondary photolysis of dibenzothiophene sulfoxide. A computational analysis also reveals that the S-N bond is labile for initial nitrene release, with the secondary release of atomic oxygen by S-O cleavage. Whether future sulfoximine scaffolds can produce the reverse order release of O(3 P) then nitrene, or release both simultaneously, is yet to be established. Nonetheless, molecules with dual-intermediate release, such as coupled photoaffinity labeling and cellular oxidation, are worth pursuing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahir Rashid
- Department of Chemistry, Brooklyn College of the City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY
| | - Devora D Baker
- Department of Chemistry, Brooklyn College of the City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY
| | - Alexander Greer
- Department of Chemistry, Brooklyn College of the City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY.,Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY
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