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Dalirsani Z, Davaji M, Salari Sedigh H, Hosseinian S, Ranjbar E, Yaqoubi A, Moghaddam KM, Shafieian R. Comparative Investigation of Photobiomodulation in Diabetes-Impaired Alveolar Bone Healing: A Histomorphometrical and Molecular Study. Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg 2024; 42:577-584. [PMID: 39320973 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2023.0170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective: Diabetes mellitus is increasing worldwide. Photobiomodulation (PBM) is proposed as a therapeutic method in various medical concerns. This study aimed to compare the effects of PBM at the wavelengths of 660, 808, or 660 + 808 nm on alveolar bone healing in diabetic rats. Methods: Bilateral maxillary first molars were extracted from diabetic Wistar rats (n = 36). Right-sided sockets were treated by an In-Ga-Al-P laser at 660 nm (7.2 J/cm2, 24 s; DM660), Ga-Al-As laser at 808 nm (7 J/cm2, 14 s; DM808), or a combination of these two sets (DM-dual) (n = 12). Left sides served as controls. On days 7 or 14, specimens were assigned for histomorphometric or real-time PCR analysis of runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin, collagen I, and vascular endothelial growth factor expression. Results: Irradiated sockets of groups DM-808 and DM-dual showed a significant increase in bone tissue and blood vessel establishment as compared to DM-660. Further, group DM-dual exhibited the least amount of fibrotic tissue as compared to the other groups. Conclusions: Within our study limits, the present experiment suggested PBM at 808 nm, alone or combined with 660 nm irradiation, could promote alveolar bone healing, along with minimal fibrosis induction, in diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Dalirsani
- Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mina Davaji
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamideh Salari Sedigh
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sara Hosseinian
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Esmail Ranjbar
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Afshin Yaqoubi
- Faculty of Density, Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Reyhaneh Shafieian
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Lee D, Lee J, Ahn SH, Song W, Li L, Seol YJ, Lee YM, Koo KT. Adjunctive effect of 470-nm and 630-nm light-emitting diode irradiation in experimental periodontitis treatment: a preclinical study. J Periodontal Implant Sci 2024; 54:13-24. [PMID: 37336520 PMCID: PMC10901685 DOI: 10.5051/jpis.2203580179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study investigated the adjunctive effect of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) in the treatment of experimental periodontitis. METHODS Experimental periodontitis was induced by placing ligatures around the mandibular second, third, and fourth premolars of 6 beagles for 3 months. After ligature removal, periodontitis progressed spontaneously for 2 months. The animals' hemimandibles were allocated among the following 3 groups: 1) no treatment (control), 2) scaling and root planing (SRP), and 3) SRP with LED irradiation at 470-nm and 630-nm wavelengths (SRP/LED). The probing pocket depth (PPD) and gingival recession (GR) were measured at baseline, 6 weeks, and 12 weeks. The clinical attachment level (CAL) was calculated. After 12 weeks, histological and histomorphometric assessments were performed. The distances from the gingival margin to the apical extent of the junctional epithelium (E) and to the connective tissue (CT) attachment were measured, as was the total length of soft tissue (ST). RESULTS PPD and CAL increased at 12 weeks compared with baseline in the control group (6.31±0.43 mm to 6.93±0.50 mm, and 6.46±0.60 mm to 7.61±0.78 mm, respectively). PPD and CAL decreased at 12 weeks compared with baseline in the SRP group (6.01±0.59 to 4.81±0.65 mm, and 6.51±0.98 to 5.39±0.93 mm, respectively). PPD and CAL decreased at 12 weeks compared with baseline in the SRP/LED group (6.03±0.39 to 4.46±0.47 mm, and 6.11±0.47 to 4.78±0.57 mm, respectively). The E/ST and CT/ST ratios significantly differed among the 3 groups (P<0.05). The clinical parameters and histologic findings demonstrated that 470-nm and 630-nm wavelength LED irradiation accompanying SRP could improve treatment results. CONCLUSIONS Within the study limitations, 470 nm and 630 nm wavelength LED irradiation might provide additional benefits for periodontitis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongseob Lee
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University and Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Periodontology, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jungwon Lee
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University and Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- One-Stop Specialty Center, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Sun-Hee Ahn
- Medical & Bio Photonics Research Center, Korea Photonics Technology Institute (KOPTI), Gwangju, Korea
| | - Woosub Song
- Medical & Bio Photonics Research Center, Korea Photonics Technology Institute (KOPTI), Gwangju, Korea
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University and Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yang-Jo Seol
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University and Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Periodontology, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong-Moo Lee
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University and Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Periodontology, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ki-Tae Koo
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University and Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Periodontology, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
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Gonçalves A, Monteiro F, Oliveira S, Costa I, Catarino SO, Carvalho Ó, Padrão J, Zille A, Pinho T, Silva FS. Optimization of a Photobiomodulation Protocol to Improve the Cell Viability, Proliferation and Protein Expression in Osteoblasts and Periodontal Ligament Fibroblasts for Accelerated Orthodontic Treatment. Biomedicines 2024; 12:180. [PMID: 38255285 PMCID: PMC10813108 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Numerous pieces of evidence have supported the therapeutic potential of photobiomodulation (PBM) to modulate bone remodeling on mechanically stimulated teeth, proving PBM's ability to be used as a coadjuvant treatment to accelerate orthodontic tooth movement (OTM). However, there are still uncertainty and discourse around the optimal PBM protocols, which hampers its optimal and consolidated clinical applicability. Given the differential expression and metabolic patterns exhibited in the tension and compression sides of orthodontically stressed teeth, it is plausible that different types of irradiation may be applied to each side of the teeth. In this sense, this study aimed to design and implement an optimization protocol to find the most appropriate PBM parameters to stimulate specific bone turnover processes. To this end, three levels of wavelength (655, 810 and 940 nm), two power densities (5 and 10 mW/cm2) and two regimens of single and multiple sessions within three consecutive days were tested. The biological response of osteoblasts and periodontal ligament (PDL) fibroblasts was addressed by monitoring the PBM's impact on the cellular metabolic activity, as well as on key bone remodeling mediators, including alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteoprotegerin (OPG) and receptor activator of nuclear factor κ-B ligand (RANK-L), each day. The results suggest that daily irradiation of 655 nm delivered at 10 mW/cm2, as well as 810 and 940 nm light at 5 mW/cm2, lead to an increase in ALP and OPG, potentiating bone formation. In addition, irradiation of 810 nm at 5 mW/cm2 delivered for two consecutive days and suspended by the third day promotes a downregulation of OPG expression and a slight non-significant increase in RANK-L expression, being suitable to stimulate bone resorption. Future studies in animal models may clarify the impact of PBM on bone formation and resorption mediators for longer periods and address the possibility of testing different stimulation periodicities. The present in vitro study offers valuable insights into the effectiveness of specific PBM protocols to promote osteogenic and osteoclastogenesis responses and therefore its potential to stimulate bone formation on the tension side and bone resorption on the compression side of orthodontically stressed teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Gonçalves
- UNIPRO—Oral Pathology and Rehabilitation Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), CESPU, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal; (A.G.); (I.C.); (T.P.)
- Center for MicroElectroMechanical Systems (CMEMS), University of Minho, Campus Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; (S.O.); (S.O.C.); (Ó.C.); (F.S.S.)
| | - Francisca Monteiro
- Center for MicroElectroMechanical Systems (CMEMS), University of Minho, Campus Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; (S.O.); (S.O.C.); (Ó.C.); (F.S.S.)
- ICVS/3B’s-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Sofia Oliveira
- Center for MicroElectroMechanical Systems (CMEMS), University of Minho, Campus Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; (S.O.); (S.O.C.); (Ó.C.); (F.S.S.)
| | - Inês Costa
- UNIPRO—Oral Pathology and Rehabilitation Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), CESPU, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal; (A.G.); (I.C.); (T.P.)
| | - Susana O. Catarino
- Center for MicroElectroMechanical Systems (CMEMS), University of Minho, Campus Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; (S.O.); (S.O.C.); (Ó.C.); (F.S.S.)
- LABBELS—Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Óscar Carvalho
- Center for MicroElectroMechanical Systems (CMEMS), University of Minho, Campus Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; (S.O.); (S.O.C.); (Ó.C.); (F.S.S.)
- LABBELS—Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Jorge Padrão
- Centre for Textile Science and Technology (2C2T), Department of Textile Engineering, University of Minho, Azurém Campus, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; (J.P.); (A.Z.)
| | - Andrea Zille
- Centre for Textile Science and Technology (2C2T), Department of Textile Engineering, University of Minho, Azurém Campus, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; (J.P.); (A.Z.)
| | - Teresa Pinho
- UNIPRO—Oral Pathology and Rehabilitation Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), CESPU, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal; (A.G.); (I.C.); (T.P.)
- IBMC—Instituto Biologia Molecular e Celular, i3S—Instituto de Inovação e Investigação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Filipe S. Silva
- Center for MicroElectroMechanical Systems (CMEMS), University of Minho, Campus Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; (S.O.); (S.O.C.); (Ó.C.); (F.S.S.)
- LABBELS—Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
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Khalaj S, Iranpour B, Hodjat M, Azizi A, Kharazifard MJ, Hakimiha N. Photobiomodulation effects of pulsed and continuous wave near-infrared laser on the proliferation and migration of human gingival fibroblasts: An in vitro study. Photochem Photobiol 2024; 100:225-232. [PMID: 37254280 DOI: 10.1111/php.13816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
There are limited data on comparison of pulsed and continuous wave in photobiomodulation therapy (PBM). This study aimed to investigate the effect of PBM with 980 nm laser in pulsed and continuous wave on the proliferation and migration of human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) cells. Cultured HGF were divided into three main groups: (1) irradiated in pulsed mode (frequencies of 50 and 25 KHz; energy densities of 3 and 5 J/cm2 ), (2) irradiated in continuous mode (energy densities of 3.2 and 5.2 J/cm2 ), and (3) no irradiation as control group. HGF proliferation rate was measured by MTT assay at 24, 48, and 72 h post irradiation. In addition, HGF migration rate was measured by scratch test at 24 h post PBM. At 24 h, the group received continuous irradiation at 5.2 J/cm2 showed significantly higher proliferation compared with the control group (p = 0.012). At 48 and 72 h, the groups received continuous, and 50 Hz pulsed irradiation at energy densities of 5.2 and 5 J/cm2 respectively, had significantly higher HGF proliferation rates compared to the control (p < 0.05). Only the continuous irradiations were effective in significant increase of the cell migration. In conclusion, continuous PBM at energy density of 5.2 J/cm2 showed promising effect on HGF proliferation and migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saina Khalaj
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Babak Iranpour
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahshid Hodjat
- Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arash Azizi
- Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Kharazifard
- Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Neda Hakimiha
- Laser Application in Medical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Olek M, Machorowska-Pieniążek A, Czuba ZP, Cieślar G, Kawczyk-Krupka A. Immunomodulatory Effect of Hypericin-Mediated Photodynamic Therapy on Oral Cancer Cells. Pharmaceutics 2023; 16:42. [PMID: 38258051 PMCID: PMC10819034 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16010042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
In 2020, there were 377,713 new oral and lip cancer diagnoses and 177,757 deaths. Oral cancer is a malignancy of the head and neck region, and 90% of cases are squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs). One of the alternative methods of treating pre-cancerous lesions and oral cancer is photodynamic therapy (PDT). In addition to the cytotoxic effect, an important mechanism of PDT action is the immunomodulatory effect. This study used the OSCC (SCC-25) cell line and the healthy gingival fibroblast (HGF-1) line. A compound of natural origin-hypericin (HY)-was used as the photosensitizer (PS). The HY concentrations of 0-1 µM were used. After two hours of incubation with PS, the cells were irradiated with light doses of 0-20 J/cm2. The MTT test determined sublethal doses of PDT. Cell supernatants subjected to sublethal PDT were assessed for interleukin 6 (IL-6), soluble IL-6 receptor alpha (sIL-6Ralfa), sIL-6Rbeta, IL-8, IL-10, IL-11 IL-20, IL-32, and Pentraxin-3 using the Bio-Plex ProTM Assay. The phototoxic effect was observed starting with a light dose of 5 J/cm2 and amplified with increasing HY concentration and a light dose. HY-PDT affected the SCC-25 cell secretion of sIL-6Rbeta, IL-20, and Pentraxin-3. HY alone increased IL-8 secretion. In the case of HGF-1, the effect of HY-PDT on the secretion of IL-8 and IL-32 was found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Olek
- Doctoral School of Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland;
| | | | - Zenon P. Czuba
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland;
| | - Grzegorz Cieślar
- Department of Internal Diseases, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Center for Laser Diagnostics and Therapy, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland;
| | - Aleksandra Kawczyk-Krupka
- Department of Internal Diseases, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Center for Laser Diagnostics and Therapy, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland;
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Olek M, Machorowska-Pieniążek A, Czuba ZP, Cieślar G, Kawczyk-Krupka A. Effect of Hypericin-Mediated Photodynamic Therapy on the Secretion of Soluble TNF Receptors by Oral Cancer Cells. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15041279. [PMID: 37111765 PMCID: PMC10140873 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common cancer of the head and neck region. In addition to the classic surgical treatment method, alternative therapy methods are sought. One such method is photodynamic therapy (PDT). In addition to the direct cytotoxic effect, it is essential to determine the effect of PDT on persistent tumor cells. The study used the SCC-25 oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell line and the HGF-1 healthy gingival fibroblast line. A compound of natural origin-hypericin (HY)-was used as a photosensitizer (PS) at concentrations of 0-1 µM. After two hours of incubation with the PS, the cells were irradiated with light doses of 0-20 J/cm2. The 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) test was used to determine sublethal doses of PDT. Cell supernatants subjected to sublethal PDT were assessed for soluble tumor necrosis alpha receptors (sTNF-R1, sTNF-R2). The phototoxic effect was observed starting with a light dose of 5 J/cm2 and amplified with the increase in HY concentration and light dose. A statistically significant increase in sTNF-R1 secretion by SCC-25 cells was demonstrated after the PDT with 0.5 µM HY and irradiation with 2 J/cm2 (sTNF-R1 concentration = 189.19 pg/mL ± 2.60) compared to the control without HY and irradiated with the same dose of light (sTNF-R1 concentration = 108.94 pg/mL ± 0.99). The baseline production of sTNF-R1 was lower for HGF-1 than for SCC-25, and secretion was not affected by the PDT. The PDT had no effect on the sTNF-R2 production in the SCC-25 or HGF-1 lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Olek
- Doctoral School of Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | | | - Zenon P Czuba
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Cieślar
- Department of Internal Diseases, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Center for Laser Diagnostics and Therapy, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Kawczyk-Krupka
- Department of Internal Diseases, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Center for Laser Diagnostics and Therapy, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
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Tsunoi Y, Miyazaki H, Kawauchi S, Akagi T, Akashi M, Saitoh D, Sato S. Viability Improvement of
Three‐Dimensional
Human Skin Substitutes by Photobiomodulation During Cultivation. Photochem Photobiol 2022; 98:1464-1470. [DOI: 10.1111/php.13642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Tsunoi
- Division of Bioinformation and Therapeutic Systems National Defense Medical College Research Institute 3‐2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359‐8513 Japan
| | - Hiromi Miyazaki
- Division of Biomedical Engineering National Defense Medical College Research Institute 3‐2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359‐8513 Japan
| | - Satoko Kawauchi
- Division of Bioinformation and Therapeutic Systems National Defense Medical College Research Institute 3‐2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359‐8513 Japan
| | - Takami Akagi
- Osaka University 1‐3 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565‐0871 Japan
| | - Mitsuru Akashi
- Osaka University 1‐3 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565‐0871 Japan
| | - Daizoh Saitoh
- Division of Basic Traumatology National Defense Medical College Research Institute 3‐2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359‐8513 Japan
| | - Shunichi Sato
- Division of Bioinformation and Therapeutic Systems National Defense Medical College Research Institute 3‐2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359‐8513 Japan
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Lee J, Song HY, Ahn SH, Song W, Seol YJ, Lee YM, Koo KT. In vitro investigation of the antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects of LED irradiation. J Periodontal Implant Sci 2022; 53:110-119. [PMID: 36468477 PMCID: PMC10133822 DOI: 10.5051/jpis.2200920046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the proper wavelengths for safe levels of light-emitting diode (LED) irradiation with bactericidal and photobiomodulation effects in vitro. METHODS Cell viability tests of fibroblasts and osteoblasts after LED irradiation at 470, 525, 590, 630, and 850 nm were performed using the thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide assay. The bactericidal effect of 470-nm LED irradiation was analyzed with Streptococcus gordonii, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Tannerella forsythia. Levels of nitric oxide, a proinflammatory mediator, were measured to identify the anti-inflammatory effect of LED irradiation on lipopolysaccharide-stimulated inflammation in RAW 264.7 macrophages. RESULTS LED irradiation at wavelengths of 470, 525, 590, 630, and 850 nm showed no cytotoxic effect on fibroblasts and osteoblasts. LED irradiation at 630 and 850 nm led to fibroblast proliferation compared to no LED irradiation. LED irradiation at 470 nm resulted in bactericidal effects on S. gordonii, A. actinomycetemcomitans, F. nucleatum, P. gingivalis, and T. forsythia. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 inflammation was reduced by irradiation with 525-nm LED before LPS treatment and irradiation with 630-nm LED after LPS treatment; however, the effects were limited. CONCLUSIONS LED irradiation at 470 nm showed bactericidal effects, while LED irradiation at 525 and 630 nm showed preventive and treatment effects on LPS-induced RAW 264.7 inflammation. The application of LED irradiation has potential as an adjuvant in periodontal therapy, although further investigations should be performed in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungwon Lee
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- One-Stop Specialty Center, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun-Yong Song
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sun-Hee Ahn
- Medical & Bio Photonics Research Center, Korea Photonics Technology Institute (KOPTI), Gwangju, Korea
| | - Woosub Song
- Medical & Bio Photonics Research Center, Korea Photonics Technology Institute (KOPTI), Gwangju, Korea
| | - Yang-Jo Seol
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong-Moo Lee
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ki-Tae Koo
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Carroll JD. 2021 Summary of Photobiomodulation Literature. Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg 2021; 39:499-501. [DOI: 10.1089/photob.2021.0096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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