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Kim J, Kim S. Effects of a nonviolent communication-based anger management program on psychiatric inpatients. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2022; 41:87-95. [PMID: 36428080 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2022.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
This quasi-experimental study aimed to determine the effects of a nonviolent communication-based anger management program on self-esteem, anger expression, and aggression in 44 psychiatric inpatients (experimental group: n = 21; control group: n = 24). The program consisted of six sessions of 60 min each, using a non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design, and thereafter analyzing the intervention effects. Results showed statistically significant differences between the experimental and control groups in anger expression and anger suppression. There were positive, though not statistically significant, changes in self-esteem and aggression. The findings indicated a decreasing effect of anger expression and anger suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyeon Kim
- College of Nursing, Seoul National University, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungjae Kim
- College of Nursing, The Research Institute of Nursing Science, Seoul National University, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Delaney KR, Loucks J, Ray R, Blair EW, Nadler-Moodie M, Batscha C, Sharp DM, Milliken D. Delineating Quality Indicators of Inpatient Psychiatric Hospitalization. J Am Psychiatr Nurses Assoc 2022; 28:391-401. [PMID: 33190586 DOI: 10.1177/1078390320971367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Assuring quality care is critical to the well-being and recovery of individuals receiving inpatient psychiatric treatment, yet a comprehensive map of quality inpatient care does not exist. AIMS To isolate and describe quality elements of inpatient psychiatric treatment. METHODS A survey queried psychiatric inpatient nursing leaders on what they considered to be critical elements of quality. The survey was emailed to 40 American Psychiatric Nurses Association members, and 39 individuals responded. In the survey, participants were asked to comment on the importance of six dimensions of quality as well as quality indicators used on their units. RESULTS Data from this survey indicate how thought leaders conceptualized quality of inpatient care. A unifying philosophy of care was endorsed as a quality element as was structure that affords staff available time on the unit-engaging with patients. While staffing levels were viewed as important, the respondents commented on the nuances between staffing and quality. Participants endorsed the importance of involving individuals in their treatment planning as well as tapping into patients' perspectives on the treatment experience. CONCLUSIONS The participants' responses compliment the quality literature and reinforce the need to develop a comprehensive map of quality elements. These elements interact in complex way, for instance, staffing, engagement, and teamwork is tied to the organizational structure and philosophy of care, which in turn facilitates consumer involvement in care. Thus, gauging the impact of quality on outcomes will demand consideration of the interaction of factors not just the linear relationship of one element to an outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen R Delaney
- Kathleen R. Delaney, PhD, PMH-NP, FAAN, Rush College of Nursing, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Richard Ray
- Richard Ray, MS, RN, PMH-BC, Northwestern Memorial Hospital Stone Institute of Psychiatry, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ellen W Blair
- Ellen Blair, DNP, APRN, PMHCNS-BC, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, CT, USA
| | - Marlene Nadler-Moodie
- Marlene Nadler-Moodie, MSN, APRN, PMHCNS-BC, Scripps Mercy Hospital San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Catherine Batscha
- Catherine Batscha, DNP, RN, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - David M Sharp
- David Sharp, PhD, RN, Mississippi College, Clinton, MS, USA
| | - Dani Milliken
- Dani Milliken, DHA, MS, BSN, RN, Children's Hospital of Orange County, Orange, CA, USA
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Corbetta M, Corso B, Camuccio CA. Rules and ward climate in acute psychiatric setting: Comparison of staff and patient perceptions. Int J Ment Health Nurs 2022; 31:611-624. [PMID: 35128772 PMCID: PMC9305954 DOI: 10.1111/inm.12980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The ward climate or atmosphere refers to its material, emotional and social conditions. A good ward climate in psychiatric settings can influence the mood, behaviour and self-concept of patients and staff members and improve patient outcomes. Many studies have examined the relationship between ward climate and aggression, but only a few have investigated the effect of a ward's environment, rules and activities. This multicentric observational study aimed to assess the relationship between the rules/activities and the climate of four acute psychiatric units of Northern Italy. The Essen Climate Evaluation Scheme (EssenCES) questionnaire, which was administered to patients and staff, was used to evaluate the different dimensions of ward atmosphere. There was a good response rate (79%) in patients and staff members who completed the questionnaire (114 patients and 109 staff). Safety perception appeared to be quite different in patients and staff. The patients who were authorized to have more visiting hours and more time to use their mobile phone had higher scores on Experienced Safety subscale. A negative correlation between the Therapeutic Hold and Experienced Safety subscales was found in the staff members, and this was due to their negative perception. The ward climate seemed to be affected by the unit's rules, especially with respect to visits and the smartphones use. Nurses need to be aware of the importance of ward climate and how their own perception may differ from and that of patients: this gap could lead to decisions detached from the patients' needs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Barbara Corso
- Neuroscience Institute, National Research Council, Padova, Italy
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4
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Yin M, Li W, Yang Q, Yue Y, Fang X, Yang Z, Wang X, Liu Q, Kong F, Ji C, Lv X, Wang H, Yuan N, Li Z, Zhang C, Li K, Yang Y, Du X. The Mediating Role of Coping Style in the Relationship Between Sleep Quality and Burnout: A Cross-Sectional Study Among Psychiatric Nurses. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:926040. [PMID: 35815050 PMCID: PMC9260227 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.926040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although sleep quality is clearly associated with job burnout as shown in the existing research, the mechanism underpinning such relationship remains undefined. This work, thus, aimed to assess the current situation of sleep quality and burnout in Chinese psychiatric nurses, and to analyze the relationships between sleep quality, burnout and coping style, in order to provide possible targets to enhance mental health and wellbeing among psychiatric nurses. METHOD This cross-sectional study was carried out in seven rehabilitation centers located in four different regions of China. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Epworth Sleeping Scale, the Maslach Burnout Inventory General Survey, and the Coping Style Questionnaire were distributed to 853 nurses in various mental hospitals, with a total of 664 participants being recruited in the final research. RESULTS The results of this current study showed a high prevalence of sleep disorders and burnout in Chinese psychiatric nurses. Moreover, emotional exhaustion (r = 0.456), cynicism (r = 0.323) and negative coping style (r = 0.191) in nurses were all positively correlated with total Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score, while professional efficacy (r = -0.079) and positive coping style (r = -0.140) were negatively correlated with total PSQI score. More interestingly, of all negative coping strategies, we found that self-blame had the most significant effect (β = 0.156). CONCLUSIONS The above results showed that coping style mediates the association of poor sleep quality with job burnout in Chinese psychiatric nurses. This study claimed that there is an urgent need to development the coping skills to sustain a healthy work life for nurses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yin
- Suzhou Guangji Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Weiqin Li
- Suzhou Guangji Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qun Yang
- Nanchong Psychosomatic Hospital, Nanchong, China
| | - Yan Yue
- Suzhou Guangji Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaojia Fang
- Suzhou Guangji Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zhong Yang
- The Third People's Hospital of Changshu, Suzhou, China
| | - Xinda Wang
- Taicang Third People's Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Qin Liu
- Suzhou Guangji Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Fanzhen Kong
- Suzhou Guangji Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Caifang Ji
- Suzhou Guangji Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaoli Lv
- Suzhou Guangji Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Suzhou Guangji Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Nian Yuan
- Suzhou Guangji Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhe Li
- Suzhou Guangji Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Caiyi Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Kan Li
- Jiangxi Mental Hospital, Nanchang, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Mental Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Xiangdong Du
- Suzhou Guangji Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Kortteisto T, Laitila M, Pitkänen A. Professionals' views on patient involvement in acute psychiatric wards: A qualitative study. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2021; 57:1489-1496. [PMID: 33368342 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine multiprofessionals' views on patient involvement in acute psychiatric wards. DESIGN AND METHODS The study was conducted in four hospital districts in Finland. The data were collected between December 2016 and March 2017 by means of four focus group interviews and analyzed with inductive content analysis. FINDINGS The five main themes emerged: Patient-, carer-, professional-, hospital-, and healthcare system-related factors enhancing or preventing patient involvement in acute psychiatric wards. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS The findings confirm that many obstacles need to be removed in ward practice before patient involvement can really be made a part of the daily routine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiina Kortteisto
- Department of Internal Diseases, Pirkanmaa Hospital District, Tampere, Finland
| | - Minna Laitila
- Nursing Directors of the Organisation, South Ostrobothnia Hospital District, Seinäjoki, Finland
| | - Anneli Pitkänen
- Nursing Directors of the Organisation, Pirkanmaa Hospital District, Tampere, Finland
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Schmidt M, Uman T. Experiences of acute care by persons with mental health problems: An integrative literature review. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs 2020; 27:789-806. [PMID: 32083776 DOI: 10.1111/jpm.12624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
WHAT IS KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT?: Understanding experiences of acute care by persons with mental health problems is vital for improving these experiences through the development of different parts of the care delivery and its facilities. Literature has extensively addressed experiences of persons with mental health problems in acute care settings. Yet, there is a paucity of studies that aggregate and organize these findings in presenting development-oriented solutions for the improvements of these experiences. WHAT THE PAPER ADDS TO EXISTING KNOWLEDGE?: Acute care can be understood through patients' experiences of structure (such as setting, staff and resources); process (such as communication and interpersonal relations); and outcome (such as satisfaction and post-discharge well-being and health) and suggests improvements in these domains. The paper illuminates that previous literature has mainly captured negative experiences of acute care by persons with mental health problems, and suggests diverting the focus to the best practices and to seek inspiration from other fields of research. WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE?: Attending to the improvement and development of different parts of the acute care might be an important step in improving experiences of persons with mental health problems. For example, improving resource allocation systems and facilities, emphasizing professionalism in encounters with these patients and systematically assessing patient satisfaction during and after visits are important areas that require attention. ABSTRACT: Aim The provision of acute care to persons with mental health problems is challenging due to difficulties in encountering this group and the vulnerability of these persons. Understanding this group's experiences with acute care is thus an important endeavour. The purpose of this review was to critically and systematically identify and assess previous research on experiences of acute care by persons with mental health problems, guided by Donabedian's structure-process-outcome framework (Prospero ID: CRD42019116652). Method and results An integrative literature review was performed, resulting in the identification of 43 studies. The search was conducted using five electronic databases: Web of Science Core, PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL and PsycINFO. Discussion The review revealed that patients experienced structure components such as setting, staff and resources in a predominantly negative way. A predominately negative picture also emerged of the process components, where, for example, communication and interpersonal relations were represented by negative experiences, with limited positive experiences reported. The outcome components, related to patients' satisfaction and their well-being after discharge, were also predominantly experienced negatively. Implications for practice Using Donabedian's framework of structure, process and outcome allowed us to systematize the literature reviewed, to identify the research gaps and to suggest ways forward for the field's development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Schmidt
- Faculty of Health Science, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden.,Department of Health Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Timur Uman
- Jönköping International Business School, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
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Adler RH. Bucking the system: Mitigating psychiatric patient rule breaking for a safer milieu. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2020; 34:100-106. [PMID: 32513457 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2020.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This article examines patients' understandings of rule breaking in the hospital setting. This work is important to inpatient psychiatric nursing because considering patients' perspectives about their own rule breaking can help nurses provide more therapeutic and safer patient care. The study finds that rule breaking behaviors are often a manifestation of patient resistance to institutionalization and loss of power. These behaviors are also related to nursing practice, as patients closely observe staff and look for gaps in the system to get away with or circumvent the rules. These findings suggest rule breaking behaviors can be reduced not by trying to further curtail the patient's autonomy but, rather, by changing the rules and/or how they are administered by staff to accommodate patients' perspectives and needs for freedom. Also, nurses must be clear in communicating with patients about the rationale for rules, and be consistent in how they enforce them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel H Adler
- Department of Sociology and Anthropology, The College of New Jersey, Ewing, NJ 08628, United States of America.
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8
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van Lankeren JE, Testerink AE, Daggenvoorde TH, Poslawsky IE, Goossens PJJ. Patient experiences with nursing care during hospitalization on a closed ward due to a manic episode: A qualitative study. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2020; 56:37-45. [PMID: 30820964 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe the experiences of patients with nursing care they had received when hospitalized for mania. DESIGN AND METHODS Multicenter qualitative study using open interviews. Data were analyzed using the Stevick-Colaizzi-Keen method. FINDINGS Sense of security is vital for the recovery of these patients, nurses can support and hinder this. Feelings of security are related to clear and calm communication, respect, recognizability of nurses, and daily structure. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Nurses should make sure that the patient recognizes them as nurses. Nurses should spend as much time as possible in the living room. Clear communication about treatment goals is important.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Annelies E Testerink
- Lecturer Health and Technology, Academic of Health Care, Saxion University of Applied Science, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Thea H Daggenvoorde
- Dimence Mental Health, Center for Bipolar Disorders, Deventer, The Netherlands.,Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences IQ Healthcare, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Irina E Poslawsky
- Lecturer Clinical Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department Psychiatry, Division of Neuroscience, Policy Advisor Health Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Peter J J Goossens
- Advanced Nurse Practitioner and Senior Researcher, Dimence Mental Health, Center for Bipolar Disorders, Deventer, The Netherlands.,Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University Centre of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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9
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Myklebust KK, Bjørkly S, Råheim M. Nursing documentation in inpatient psychiatry: The relevance of nurse-patient interactions in progress notes-A focus group study with mental health staff. J Clin Nurs 2017; 27:e611-e622. [PMID: 29048775 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.14108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To gain insight into mental health staff's perception of writing progress notes in an acute and subacute psychiatric ward context. BACKGROUND The nursing process structures nursing documentation. Progress notes are intended to be an evaluation of a patient's nursing diagnoses, interventions and outcomes. Within this template, a patient's status and the care provided are to be recorded. The therapeutic nurse-patient relationship is recognised as a key component of psychiatric care today. At the same time, the biomedical model remains strong. Research literature exploring nursing staff's experiences with writing progress notes in psychiatric contexts, and especially the space given to staff-patient relations, is sparse. DESIGN Qualitative design. METHODS Focus group interviews with mental health staff working in one acute and one subacute psychiatric ward were conducted. Systematic text condensation, a method for transverse thematic analysis, was used. RESULTS Two main categories emerged from the analysis: the position of the professional as an expert and distant observer in the progress notes, and the weak position of professional-patient interactions in progress notes. CONCLUSIONS The participants did not perceive that the current recording model, which is based on the nursing process, supported a focus on patients' resources or reporting professional-patient interactions. This model appeared to put ward staff in an expert position in relation to patients, which made it challenging to involve patients in the recording process. Essential aspects of nursing care related to recovery and person-centred care were not prioritised for documentation. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE This study contributes to the critical examination of the documentation praxis, as well as to the critical examination of the documentation tool as to what is considered important to document.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kjellaug K Myklebust
- Institute of Health and Social Sciences, Molde University College, Molde, Norway
| | - Stål Bjørkly
- Institute of Health and Social Sciences, Molde University College, Molde, Norway.,Centre for Forensic Psychiatry, Oslo University Hospital, Molde, Norway
| | - Målfrid Råheim
- Institute of Health and Social Sciences, Molde University College, Molde, Norway.,Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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10
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Delaney KR, Shattell M, Johnson ME. Capturing the Interpersonal Process of Psychiatric Nurses: A Model for Engagement. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2017; 31:634-640. [PMID: 29179832 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2017.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Staff members' engagement with patients is a critical element of inpatient psychiatric care, essential to safety, the hospitalization experience and the development of a culture of care. Currently broad concerns exist around the amount of time inpatient psychiatric nurses expend in patient engagement and the quality of these interactions. In this paper we present a model of engagement that clarifies necessary skills to support the engagement process. The model is based on Peplau's theory of interpersonal relations, patients' ideas on healing elements of psychiatric hospitalization and research on inpatient therapeutic relationships. We are currently using this model for a web-based teaching/learning course to cultivate interpersonal engagement, and to explicate how through operationalizing their inpatient role, nurses support patients in the development of their mental health and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen R Delaney
- Department of Community, Systems and Mental Health Nursing, Rush University, College of Nursing, 600 S. Paulina St, Chicago, IL 60612, United States.
| | - Mona Shattell
- Department of Community, Systems and Mental Health Nursing, Rush University, College of Nursing, 600 S. Paulina St, Chicago, IL 60612, United States.
| | - Mary E Johnson
- Department of Community, Systems and Mental Health Nursing, Rush University, College of Nursing, 600 S. Paulina St, Chicago, IL 60612, United States.
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11
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Blacker R, Kurtz A, Goodwin A. An in-depth observational study of an acute psychiatric ward: combining the psychodynamic observational method with thematic analysis to develop understanding of ward culture. PSYCHOANALYTIC PSYCHOTHERAPY 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/02668734.2016.1275037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Arabella Kurtz
- Leicestershire Partnership NHS Trust & University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Anne Goodwin
- Nottinghamshire Healthcare NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
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12
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Steinauer R, Huber CG, Petitjean S, Wiesbeck GA, Dürsteler KM, Lang UE, Seifert C, Andreeff K, Krausz M, Walter M, Vogel M. Effect of Door-Locking Policy on Inpatient Treatment of Substance Use and Dual Disorders. Eur Addict Res 2017; 23:87-96. [PMID: 28351023 DOI: 10.1159/000458757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Substance use treatment is often performed inside locked wards. We investigate the effects of adopting a policy of open-door treatment for a substance use treatment and dual diagnosis ward. METHODS This is a prospective open-label study investigating 3-month study periods before opening (P1), immediately after (P2), and 1 year after the first period (P3). Data on committed patients, coercion (seclusion, forced medication, absconding events with subsequent police search), violence, and substance use was collected daily. We applied generalised estimating equation models. RESULTS The mean daily number of patients with ongoing commitment changed from 2.64 (P1) to 2.12 (P2) to 0.96 (P3), corresponding to a reduction of relative risk (RR) for having an ongoing commitment by 20% in P2 (RR 0.80; 95% CI 0.66-0.98) and 67% in P3 (RR 0.33; 95% CI 0.25-0.42). The mean daily number of coercive events was 0.29, 0.13, and 0.05, corresponding to a risk for undergoing coercive measures reduced by 56% (RR 0.44; 95% CI 0.22-0.90) and 85% (RR 0.15; 95% CI 0.05-0.45). Substance use, violence or ward atmosphere did not differ significantly. CONCLUSIONS Our results support findings from general psychiatric wards of reduced coercion after adopting a primarily open-door policy. However, coercive events were rare during all periods. The widespread practice of restricting the freedom of inpatients with substance use disorders by locking ward doors is highly questionable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regine Steinauer
- Department of Psychiatry (UPK), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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