Validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Body Understanding Measure for Pregnancy scale (BUMPs)

Development and psychometric analysis of care needs scale for mothers of children with congenital heart disease

PURPOSE

This cross-sectional study aimed to create and evaluate a care needs scale for mothers of children with congenital heart disease (CHD) to determine its psychometric properties.

DESIGN AND METHODS

This methodological research was conducted with 155 mothers whose children were diagnosed with CHD and were treated at a university hospital. The study's methodology included scale development, specialist opinions, and a pilot test. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, and reliability assessments.

RESULTS

The 11-item scale was created using component analysis, expert comments, and pilot testing. It was divided into two categories: Information Needs Regarding Disease and Treatment and Needs Regarding Care. The Exploratory Factor Analysis revealed a 2-factor structure, explaining 41.5% of the variance. Reliability analysis showed reliable dimensions, and Tukey's scalability test indicated the scale requires separate dimension evaluation. The model fit indices were obtained as CMIN/DF (72.751/41) = 1.774, GFI = 0.925, IFI = 0.923, TLI = 0.893, CFI = 0.920, RMSEA = 0.071, SRMR = 0.063. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient for subdimension 1 was 0.758, and for subdimension 2 was 0.678, indicating reliable dimensions.

CONCLUSION

The developed scale provides a valuable tool for assessing the care needs of mothers of children with CHD, contributing to enhancing maternal support programs in pediatric cardiology clinics.

PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS

Assessment of the care needs of mothers who have children with CHD is promising for the development of educational programs on this subject and to ensure the competence of mothers for care.

Body understanding measure for pregnancy scale (BUMPs): Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric properties among Brazilian pregnant women

The Body Understanding Measure for Pregnancy Scale (BUMPs) is a scale developed and validated for British pregnant women to assess body satisfaction during pregnancy. The aim of this study was to perform a cross-cultural adaptation and verify the psychometric properties of BUMPs for Brazilian adult pregnant women. The cross-cultural adaptation was performed using translation, back-translation, expert committee, expert analysis, and pre-testing, which showed easy comprehension by pregnant women. Psychometric analyses were evaluated in a sample of 618 pregnant women (31.08 ± 4.94 years old). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses resulted in 19 items and three factors, with satisfactory fit indices. BUMPs presented an invariant measurement across white vs. nonwhite women and across the three gestational trimesters. BUMPs showed good indicators of convergent, internal consistency, and test-retest reproducibility validity. It was concluded that the Brazilian version of BUMPs has adequate psychometric properties for Brazilian pregnant women, being an excellent instrument for analyzing body satisfaction in this population, facilitating additional investigations into these constructs.

Validation and psychometric testing of the Chinese version of the prenatal body image questionnaire

BACKGROUND

The body image during pregnancy potentially affects both short- and long-term maternal and child health outcomes, including pregnancy mood, postpartum weight recovery, and the quality of mother-child interactions. However, research on the impact of body changes during pregnancy in the Chinese population is scarce. A comprehensive, practical, and reliable tool for assessing pregnant women is needed to detect, intervene in, and implement the reduction of physical dissatisfaction risk. This study translated the Prenatal Body Image Questionnaire (PBIQ) into the Chinese version (PBIQ-C) to assess the body image of pregnant women and evaluated its reliability and validity.

METHODS

An improved Brislin translation model was used for the translation. A panel of experts determined the content validity. A convenience sample of 429 pregnant women was chosen from three third-class hospitals in different regions of Fujian Province, China. Factor analysis, Pearson's correlation, retest reliability, and Cronbach's alpha were employed to evaluate structural validity and reliability.

RESULTS

The final PBIQ-C had five dimensions with 21 items. Exploratory factor analysis obtained a five-factor solution, which accounted for a total of 60.34%. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the model fit of the five-factor model also reached a satisfactory model fit after modifying: The Comparative Fit Index was 0.93, and the Tucker-Lewis Index was 0.92; the Root Mean Square Error of Approximation was 0.079. The content validity index of the scale ranged from 0.63 ~ 1.00. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.95 for the total scale, and the test-retest reliability was 0.80.

CONCLUSIONS

The findings indicated that the PBIQ-C is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing women's body image during pregnancy, which helps in the early identification of body dissatisfaction during pregnancy and enables the early prevention of postpartum depression.

Workplace breastfeeding support for working women: A scale development study

Objective

In this study, authors aimed to develop a scale to evaluate workplace breastfeeding support.

Methods

The study was carried out with 490 working women who applied to the women's and children's outpatient clinics of a hospital in Turkey. The study data were collected by using a 'Personal Information Form' and the 'Workplace Breastfeeding Support for Working Women Draft Scale'. The data were analyzed on SPSS 25 and AMOS 21 software packages. In the development process of the scale; Content validity, exploratory factor analysis, item-total score correlation methods and Cronbach's Alpha coefficient were used.

Results

The content validity index of the scale was 0.90, and the Cronbach's alpha value was 0.93. Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin value of the scale was 0.91, Bartlett test values were χ2 = 11,573.924 and p < 0.000. According to the results of the exploratory factor analysis for the construct validity of the scale, the scale consisted of 31 items and 6 factors.

Conclusions

The developed scale can be used to evaluate workplace breastfeeding support for working women as a valid and reliable measurement tool.

Body Image Assessment Tools in Pregnant Women: A Systematic Review

Pregnancy is a remarkable time and generates several changes in women in a short period. Body image is understood as the mental representation of the body itself, and, although bodily changes are considered healthy, they can impact pregnant women's body image. Problems related to body image during pregnancy can affect the health of the mother and fetus; thus, it is essential for health professionals to detect potential disorders as soon as possible. The objective of this systematic review was to identify instruments for assessing body image in pregnant women, highlighting their main characteristics. To this end, we applied the recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses to searches in the EMBASE, PubMed, and American Psychological Association databases from 5 January to 10 August 2021. We included studies on adult pregnant women without comorbidities in the validation and adaptation of (sub)scales that analyze components of body image. We excluded studies that considered nonpregnant, adolescent, postpartum, and/or clinical populations, as well as smoking/drug use studies that were not validation studies or did not assess any aspect of body image. We investigated the quality of the studies using the Quality Assessment Tool for Studies with Diverse Designs. In all, we examined 13 studies. The results point to a growing concern over body image during pregnancy, as there has been an increase in the number of validation and adaptation studies involving scales for different cultures that scrutinize different constructs. The findings suggest that the listed instruments be used in future research.