1
|
Blume-Werry G, Semenchuk P, Ljung K, Milbau A, Novak O, Olofsson J, Brunoni F. In situ seasonal patterns of root auxin concentrations and meristem length in an arctic sedge. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 242:988-999. [PMID: 38375943 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Seasonal dynamics of root growth play an important role in large-scale ecosystem processes; they are largely governed by growth regulatory compounds and influenced by environmental conditions. Yet, our knowledge about physiological drivers of root growth is mostly limited to laboratory-based studies on model plant species. We sampled root tips of Eriophorum vaginatum and analyzed their auxin concentrations and meristem lengths biweekly over a growing season in situ in a subarctic peatland, both in surface soil and at the permafrost thawfront. Auxin concentrations were almost five times higher in surface than in thawfront soils and increased over the season, especially at the thawfront. Surprisingly, meristem length showed an opposite pattern and was almost double in thawfront compared with surface soils. Meristem length increased from peak to late season in the surface soils but decreased at the thawfront. Our study of in situ seasonal dynamics in root physiological parameters illustrates the potential for physiological methods to be applied in ecological studies and emphasizes the importance of in situ measurements. The strong effect of root location and the unexpected opposite patterns of meristem length and auxin concentrations likely show that auxin actively governs root growth to ensure a high potential for nutrient uptake at the thawfront.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gesche Blume-Werry
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Philipp Semenchuk
- Department of Arctic Biology, UNIS - The University Centre in Svalbard, 9171, Longyearbyen, Norway
| | - Karin Ljung
- Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 901 83, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Ann Milbau
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Ondrej Novak
- Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 901 83, Umeå, Sweden
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Faculty of Science, Palacký University & Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, CZ-78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Johan Olofsson
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Federica Brunoni
- Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 901 83, Umeå, Sweden
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Faculty of Science, Palacký University & Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, CZ-78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ranjan A, Perrone I, Alallaq S, Singh R, Rigal A, Brunoni F, Chitarra W, Guinet F, Kohler A, Martin F, Street NR, Bhalerao R, Legué V, Bellini C. Molecular basis of differential adventitious rooting competence in poplar genotypes. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:4046-4064. [PMID: 35325111 PMCID: PMC9232201 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Recalcitrant adventitious root (AR) development is a major hurdle in propagating commercially important woody plants. Although significant progress has been made to identify genes involved in subsequent steps of AR development, the molecular basis of differences in apparent recalcitrance to form AR between easy-to-root and difficult-to-root genotypes remains unknown. To address this, we generated cambium tissue-specific transcriptomic data from stem cuttings of hybrid aspen, T89 (difficult-to-root) and hybrid poplar OP42 (easy-to-root), and used transgenic approaches to verify the role of several transcription factors in the control of adventitious rooting. Increased peroxidase activity was positively correlated with better rooting. We found differentially expressed genes encoding reactive oxygen species scavenging proteins to be enriched in OP42 compared with T89. A greater number of differentially expressed transcription factors in cambium cells of OP42 compared with T89 was revealed by a more intense transcriptional reprograming in the former. PtMYC2, a potential negative regulator, was less expressed in OP42 compared with T89. Using transgenic approaches, we demonstrated that PttARF17.1 and PttMYC2.1 negatively regulate adventitious rooting. Our results provide insights into the molecular basis of genotypic differences in AR and implicate differential expression of the master regulator MYC2 as a critical player in this process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Rajesh Singh
- Present address: Department of Biotechnology, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176061, India
| | - Adeline Rigal
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, UMR Interactions Arbres/Microorganismes, Laboratory of Excellence ARBRE, INRAE GrandEst-Nancy, Champenoux, 54280France
| | - Federica Brunoni
- Present address: Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Faculty of Science, Palacký University & Institute of Experimental Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Slechtitelu 27, CZ-78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Walter Chitarra
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council of Italy (IPSP-CNR), I-10135 Torino, Italy
- Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA-VE), I-31015 Conegliano (TV), Italy
| | - Frederic Guinet
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, UMR Interactions Arbres/Microorganismes, Laboratory of Excellence ARBRE, INRAE GrandEst-Nancy, Champenoux, 54280France
| | - Annegret Kohler
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, UMR Interactions Arbres/Microorganismes, Laboratory of Excellence ARBRE, INRAE GrandEst-Nancy, Champenoux, 54280France
| | - Francis Martin
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, UMR Interactions Arbres/Microorganismes, Laboratory of Excellence ARBRE, INRAE GrandEst-Nancy, Champenoux, 54280France
| | - Nathaniel R Street
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, SE-90736 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Rishikesh Bhalerao
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Physiology, Swedish Agricultural University, SE-90183 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Valérie Legué
- Present address: Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UMR 547 PIAF, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Plant Growth Regulators in Tree Rooting. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11060805. [PMID: 35336687 PMCID: PMC8949883 DOI: 10.3390/plants11060805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Trees are long-lived organisms with complex life cycles that provide enormous benefits both in natural and cultivated stands [...]
Collapse
|
4
|
Eliášová K, Konrádová H, Dobrev PI, Motyka V, Lomenech AM, Fischerová L, Lelu-Walter MA, Vondráková Z, Teyssier C. Desiccation as a Post-maturation Treatment Helps Complete Maturation of Norway Spruce Somatic Embryos: Carbohydrates, Phytohormones and Proteomic Status. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:823617. [PMID: 35237290 PMCID: PMC8882965 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.823617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Exposure of Norway spruce (Picea abies) somatic embryos and those of many other conifers to post-maturation desiccation treatment significantly improves their germination. An integration analysis was conducted to understand the underlying processes induced during the desiccation phase at the molecular level. Carbohydrate, protein and phytohormone assays associated with histological and proteomic studies were performed for the evaluation of markers and actors in this phase. Multivariate comparison of mature somatic embryos with mature desiccated somatic embryos and/or zygotic embryos provided new insights into the processes involved during the desiccation step of somatic embryogenesis. Desiccated embryos were characterized by reduced levels of starch and soluble carbohydrates but elevated levels of raffinose family oligosaccharides. Desiccation treatment decreased the content of abscisic acid and its derivatives but increased total auxins and cytokinins. The content of phytohormones in dry zygotic embryos was lower than in somatic embryos, but their profile was mostly analogous, apart from differences in cytokinin profiles. The biological processes "Acquisition of desiccation tolerance", "Response to stimulus", "Response to stress" and "Stored energy" were activated in both the desiccated somatic embryos and zygotic embryos when compared to the proteome of mature somatic embryos before desiccation. Based on the specific biochemical changes of important constituents (abscisic acid, raffinose, stachyose, LEA proteins and cruciferins) induced by the desiccation treatment and observed similarities between somatic and zygotic P. abies embryos, we concluded that the somatic embryos approximated to a state of desiccation tolerance. This physiological change could be responsible for the reorientation of Norway spruce somatic embryos toward a stage suitable for germination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kateřina Eliášová
- Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Hana Konrádová
- Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Petre I. Dobrev
- Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Václav Motyka
- Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | | | - Lucie Fischerová
- Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | | | - Zuzana Vondráková
- Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | | |
Collapse
|