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Ramseier CA. Diagnostic measures for monitoring and follow-up in periodontology and implant dentistry. Periodontol 2000 2024; 95:129-155. [PMID: 38951873 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
This review discusses the role of diagnostic measures in the lifelong management of periodontal disease and peri-implant complications. After active treatment, these conditions require regular monitoring of the supporting structures of teeth and dental implants to assess bone and soft tissue health over time. Several clinical measures have been developed for the routine assessment of periodontal and peri-implant tissues, including periodontal and peri-implant probing, bleeding on probing, intraoral radiography, biomarker analysis, and microbiological testing. This review highlights the evolution of diagnostic practices, integrating traditional methods with emerging technologies such as resonance frequency analysis and ultrasound imaging to provide a holistic view of peri-implant health assessment. In addition to objective measurements, patient risk factors are considered. The goals of periodontal and peri-implant maintenance are to control disease activity and stabilize tissues through supportive care, which includes diagnostic measures at follow-up visits. This enables clinicians to monitor treatment outcomes, assess health status, and detect recurrence or progression early through routine evaluation, allowing additional interventions, including adjustment of supportive therapy intervals, to further improve and maintain periodontal and peri-implant stability over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph A Ramseier
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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2
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Rana ST, Darbar UR. Supportive periodontal care in dental practice: Part 1 - the importance and implications for general dental practitioners. Br Dent J 2024; 236:533-537. [PMID: 38609612 DOI: 10.1038/s41415-024-7227-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Supportive periodontal care is an essential component of maintaining the outcome of periodontal treatment. It is essential to ensure cost benefit to both patients and the health services where millions are spent on treating patients with periodontal disease. The dentist must be able to recognise the crucial and important role they play in providing supportive care and therapy to periodontally compromised patients, either independently or as part of a wider dental team, over and above the various challenges they may experience in the provision of such care in general dental practice. The timely intervention with treatment or referral during this phase will help reduce the risk of tooth loss and adverse consequences to the dentist and their team by way of litigation. The aim of this paper is to provide an update on the delivery of supportive periodontal care in general dental practice with a particular reference to the role of the dentist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivani T Rana
- Specialist Registrar in Restorative Dentistry, Royal National ENT and Eastman Dental Hospital, 47-49 Huntley Street, Bloomsbury, London, WC1E 6DG, UK.
| | - Ulpee R Darbar
- Consultant in Restorative Dentistry, Royal National ENT and Eastman Dental Hospital, 47-49 Huntley Street, Bloomsbury, London, WC1E 6DG, UK
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Kato T, Sekino S, Fujiwara N, Numabe Y. Differences in periodontal parameters between SPT patients who regularly and irregularly visited the dental clinic analyzed at tooth level: a 14-year retrospective cohort study. Odontology 2023; 111:493-498. [PMID: 36284054 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-022-00754-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the periodontal status of patients who routinely did SPT, when compared to patients that did not SPT. This retrospective cohort study was conducted at a general dental office from 2001 to 2019. Patients aged 18 to 81 years who visited the dental office over a 10-year period were assigned into two groups: an SPT group, which included patients who continually visited the dental office for SPT one or more times every year, and an irregular group, consisting of patients who did not visit the dental office at least once a year. A total of 7307 teeth (SPT group) and 4659 teeth (irregular group) were evaluated, and the periodontal conditions were compared between the first and latest visits. Multiple regression analysis was used to analyze the results. The mean follow-up time was 13.74 years. The risk factors for improvements in probing pocket depth included age, sex, smoking, diabetes mellitus, molar tooth, and irregular SPT group (p < 0.001), and that for a positive bleeding on probing site was the irregular group (odds ratio 2.94; 95% confidence interval 2.63-3.29). This study showed that lack of routine in attending the SPT program significantly decreased the periodontal parameters, thus highlighting the importance of continuing with the program to maintain the periodontal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomotaka Kato
- Division of General Dentistry, Nippon Dental University Hospital, 2-3-16 Fujimi Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Satoshi Sekino
- Department of Periodontology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Yukihiro Numabe
- Department of Periodontology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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The Influence of Keratinized Mucosa on the Nonsurgical Therapeutic Treatment of Peri-Implantitis. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11144118. [PMID: 35887880 PMCID: PMC9323539 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11144118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The main objective of this study aimed to evaluate the response to treatment in implants with peri-implantitis regarding the presence or absence of keratinized mucosa. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred implants with peri-implantitis were treated non-surgically at the Prosthodontics and Occlusion Teaching Unit of the University of Valencia. Records were registered at day zero (recession, bleeding on probing, suppuration, probing depth, bone loss and plaque index), at 1, 3 and 6 months. RESULTS In both groups, a slight increase in recession and disappearance of suppuration took place, and no bone loss was observed during the following 6 months. However, after an initial reduction, probing depth, bleeding on probing and plaque index increased again in the group without keratinized mucosa (KM). CONCLUSIONS Implants with KM presented better results after non-surgical treatment as well as in their medium-term evolution, although it would be advisable to increase the number of samples in order to achieve greater scientific evidence and standardization in the treatment protocol. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The role of keratinized mucosa in the development of peri-implantitis has been mentioned in many publications, but less has been emphasized regarding its influence on the success of the treatment of this pathology. The presence of keratinized mucosa has been found to play a key role in the evolution of the non-surgical treatment of peri-implantitis. The amount of keratinized mucosa should be considered in the treatment of peri-implantitis, as well as when planning connective tissue grafts accompanying the decontamination of implants in the absence of keratinized mucosa.
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Retrospective Study of the Association between Peri-Implantitis and Keratinized Mucosa. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12146980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
1. Background: Peri-implantitis affects a high percentage of patients treated with dental implants. Among the risk factors that can cause this pathology, limited evidence exists regarding the absence of keratinized mucosa. The main objective of this study was to compare the amount of keratinized mucosa around healthy implants versus implants in patients with peri-implantitis, in order to analyze its influence on esthetics and the development of this pathology, and to study the possible influence of keratinized mucosa on various clinical parameters. 2. Methods: A retrospective case-control study was carried out in which 203 implants were evaluated, 103 of which presented a healthy peri-implant state, versus 100 which had peri-implantitis. The following elements were recorded: keratinized mucosa, recession, plaque index, bleeding, suppuration, probing depth, and bone level. 3. Results: Keratinized mucosa was present in 51% of the peri-implantitis group versus 97.1% of the healthy implants. In implants without keratinized mucosa, both recession and plaque index, bleeding on probing (96.2%), suppuration (57.7%), mean probing depth and bone level were higher. Implants without keratinized mucosa presented worse esthetics. 4. Conclusions: Absence of Keratinized mucosa around dental implants seems to be associated with the appearance of peri-implantitis modifying certain clinical parameters: there is a greater probability of recession, bleeding, suppuration, deficient hygiene, greater probing depth and greater bone loss in implants without keratinized mucosa.
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Kim KS, Lee YJ, Ahn S, Chang YS, Choi Y, Lee HJ. Association between soluble forms of the receptor for advanced glycation end products and periodontal disease: a retrospective study. J Korean Assoc Oral Maxillofac Surg 2021; 47:445-453. [PMID: 34969018 PMCID: PMC8721412 DOI: 10.5125/jkaoms.2021.47.6.445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Periodontitis is the most common chronic disease that causes tooth loss and is related to systemic diseases such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes. An objective indicator of the current activity of periodontitis is necessary. Soluble forms of the receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE) are markers that reflect the status of inflammatory diseases. In this study, the relationship between sRAGE and periodontitis was analyzed to determine whether it can be used to diagnose the current state of periodontitis. Patients and Methods Eighty-four patients without any systemic diseases were diagnosed with periodontitis using three classifications of periodontitis. Demographics and oral examination data such as plaque index (PI), bleeding on probing (BOP) index, and probing pocket depth (PPD) were analyzed according to each classification. In addition, correlation and partial correlation between sRAGE and the values indicating periodontitis were analyzed. Results In each classification, the level of sRAGE tended to decrease if periodontitis was present or severe, but this change was not statistically significant. sRAGE and periodontitis-related variables exhibited a weak correlation, among which the BOP index showed a relatively strong negative correlation (ρ=–0.20). Based on this, on analyzing the correlation between the BOP index and sRAGE in the group with more severe periodontitis (PPD≥5 mm group, severe group of AAP/CDC [American Academy of Periodontology/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention], periodontitis group of López), the correlation further increased (ρ=–0.23, –0.40, –0.50). Partial correlation analysis of the sRAGE and BOP index showed a stronger negative correlation (ρ=–0.36, –0.55, –0.45). Conclusion sRAGE demonstrated a tendency to decrease upon increased severity of periodontitis according to the classifications used. Above all, the correlation with the BOP index, which reflects the current state of periodontitis, was higher in the group with severe periodontitis. This indicates that the current status of periodontitis can be diagnosed through sRAGE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keun-Suh Kim
- Department of Periodontology, Section of Dentistry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Yun Jong Lee
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Soyeon Ahn
- Division of Statistics, Medical Research Collaborating Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Yoon-Seok Chang
- Division of Statistics, Medical Research Collaborating Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.,Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Yonghoon Choi
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Section of Dentistry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Hyo-Jung Lee
- Department of Periodontology, Section of Dentistry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
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Costa FO, Esteves Lima RP, Cortelli SC, Costa AM, Cortelli JR, Cota LOM. Effect of compliance during periodontal maintenance therapy on c-reactive protein levels: a 6-year follow-up. J Clin Periodontol 2020; 48:400-409. [PMID: 33259118 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To longitudinally evaluate the effects of compliance during periodontal maintenance therapy (PMT) on C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and its relation to periodontal status. MATERIALS AND METHODS A subsample comprising of 30 matched pairs was taken from a previous 6-year longitudinal study under PMT. Pairs were composed of one regular (RC) and one irregular (IC) compliers, matched by age and sex. Periodontal parameters and plasma samples were collected at 3 times: T1[prior to active periodontal therapy (APT)], T2(after APT), and T3(after 6 years). CRP plasma levels were quantified using ELISA. RESULTS RC presented better clinical periodontal status, lower recurrence of periodontitis (sites with PD ≥4 mm and CAL ≥3 mm, together with the persistence and/or presence of BOP and/or suppuration, during any of the subsequent recall evaluations) and significant reductions in CRP levels over time [(T1: RC = 3.64 ± 2.13 and IC = 3.92 ± 2.02 mg/L) and (T3: RC = 2.12 ± 1.39 mg/L and IC = 3.71 ± 1.82 mg/L)]. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that individuals with periodontitis recurrence presented 2.19 higher chances of presenting altered CRP levels (values ≥3 mg/L- T2 to T3) than those without periodontitis recurrence (95%CI:1.16-3.27; p = 0.017). CONCLUSIONS Higher CRP plasma levels were associated with higher recurrence of periodontitis and worse clinical periodontal parameters among IC when compared to RC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sheila Cavalca Cortelli
- Department of Dentistry, Periodontics Research Division, University of Taubaté, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - José Roberto Cortelli
- Department of Dentistry, Periodontics Research Division, University of Taubaté, São Paulo, Brazil
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Trombelli L, Simonelli A, Franceschetti G, Maietti E, Farina R. What periodontal recall interval is supported by evidence? Periodontol 2000 2020; 84:124-133. [DOI: 10.1111/prd.12340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Trombelli
- Research Centre for the Study of Periodontal and Peri‐Implant Diseases University of Ferrara Ferrara Italy
- Operative Unit of Dentistry Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale (A.U.S.L.) of Ferrara Ferrara Italy
| | - Anna Simonelli
- Research Centre for the Study of Periodontal and Peri‐Implant Diseases University of Ferrara Ferrara Italy
| | - Giovanni Franceschetti
- Research Centre for the Study of Periodontal and Peri‐Implant Diseases University of Ferrara Ferrara Italy
| | - Elisa Maietti
- Center of Clinical Epidemiology University of Ferrara Ferrara Italy
- Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences Department University of Bologna Bologna Italy
| | - Roberto Farina
- Research Centre for the Study of Periodontal and Peri‐Implant Diseases University of Ferrara Ferrara Italy
- Operative Unit of Dentistry Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale (A.U.S.L.) of Ferrara Ferrara Italy
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9
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Atarbashi-Moghadam F, Talebi M, Mohammadi F, Sijanivandi S. Recurrence of periodontitis and associated factors in previously treated periodontitis patients without maintenance follow-up. JOURNAL OF ADVANCED PERIODONTOLOGY & IMPLANT DENTISTRY 2020; 12:79-83. [PMID: 35919754 PMCID: PMC9327454 DOI: 10.34172/japid.2020.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preventive dentistry, including supportive periodontal therapy (SPT), is one of the most critical areas of attention. Despite SPT's importance in the long-term success of periodontal treatment, the patients' adherence to it is weak. The present study aimed to evaluate of periodontal disease's recurrence rate and its related factors in periodontal patients without regular follow-up. METHODS A cross-sectional study was set in a specialized periodontics clinic in Tehran, Iran. Patients with periodontitis who completed periodontal therapy during 2005-2014 and did not adhere to the maintenance phase were evaluated. The periodontal history of the patients was updated. The previous diagnoses of patients according to their previous periodontal charts were revised by AAP 2015 criteria. Then, periodontal parameters were assessed, and current periodontal status was evaluated. Statistical analyses consisted of Fisher's exact test, t-test, Man-Whitney test, and Kruskal-Wallis test. Spearman's correlation coefficient was used to assess the relationship between factors and variables. RESULTS Fifty patients were evaluated, including 29 males and 21 females. There was a significant relationship between the initial diagnosis and recurrence rate of periodontitis (P=0.017). There was also a significant relationship between the recurrence of periodontitis and the years elapsed since the initial treatment (P=0.027, r = 0.353). Smoking significantly affected tooth loss (P=0.001). CONCLUSION Patients with severe periodontitis need more attention to participate in supportive periodontal care. The patients must be aware of the disadvantages of neglecting this phase and be reminded of regular follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fazele Atarbashi-Moghadam
- Department of Periodontics, Dental School of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Talebi
- Department of Periodontics, Dental School of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farnaz Mohammadi
- Dental Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soran Sijanivandi
- Dental Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Branco-de-Almeida LS, Franco GCN, Castro ML, Vieira MS, Galvão-Moreira LV, Cortelli SC, Anbinder AL, Kawai T, Rosalen PL. Protective effects of desipramine on alveolar bone in experimental periodontitis. J Periodontol 2020; 91:1694-1703. [PMID: 32294250 DOI: 10.1002/jper.19-0569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Desipramine is a tricyclic antidepressant with immune-modulatory activity, whose effects on ligature-induced periodontitis are yet to be investigated. Hence, its actions on alveolar bone resorption, gingival collagen content and key inflammatory mediators were herewith analyzed. METHODS A total of 60 male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into three groups: 1) control: rats without ligature treated with vehicle (saline); 2) ligature: rats with ligature-induced periodontitis treated with vehicle; 3) ligature + desipramine: rats with ligature-induced periodontitis treated with desipramine (20 mg/kg/d in vehicle). Mandibles and gingival tissues were collected 3 or 15 days after ligature insertion (or no ligature insertion for controls) and treatments. Alveolar bone resorption and gingival collagen fibers were histologically analyzed using either HE or picrosirius red staining. Gingival mRNA expressions of interleukin (IL)-1β, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 were obtained through reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. MMP-9 activity was analyzed by zymography. RESULTS Alveolar bone loss was significantly reduced in the ligature + desipramine group (P < 0.05), whereas gingival collagen degradation was like the ligature group (P > 0.05). Desipramine administration downregulated mRNA expressions of IL-1β, iNOS, COX-2, and TIMP-1 when compared to vehicle alone in the ligature group (P < 0.05). MMP-9 expression and MMP-9/TIMP-1 ratio were similar among rats with ligature-induced periodontitis (P > 0.05); however, MMP-9 activity was lower in the group treated with desipramine (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Desipramine administration reduced alveolar bone loss as histologically observed, and modulated key bone remodeling and inflammatory mediators in rats with ligature-induced periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gilson C N Franco
- Department of General Biology, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Mayana S Vieira
- Post Graduate Program in Dentistry, Universidade CEUMA, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | | | - Sheila C Cortelli
- Nucleus of Periodontal Research, University of Taubaté, Taubaté, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana L Anbinder
- Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, São Paulo State University, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Toshihisa Kawai
- College of Dental Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA
| | - Pedro L Rosalen
- Biological Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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11
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Isik G, Hasirci N, Tezcaner A, Kiziltay A. Multifunctional periodontal membrane for treatment and regeneration purposes. J BIOACT COMPAT POL 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/0883911520911659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that causes gum tissue degeneration and alveolar bone and tooth loss. The aim of this study is to develop a multifunctional matrix for the treatment of periodontitis and enhancement of regeneration of the periodontal tissue. The matrix was prepared from vitamin E containing hydrogel made of alginate and gelatin, and doxycycline HCl containing methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-block-polycaprolactone micelles. Methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-block-polycaprolactone was synthesized with ring-opening polymerization technique and characterized by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and gel permeation chromatography. Micelles were characterized by measuring zeta potential, hydrodynamic diameter, drug encapsulation efficiency, drug loading capacity, and in vitro drug-release kinetics. Micelles were obtained with an average size of 164 nm and drug loading amount of 5.8%. The activity of doxycycline HCl–loaded micelles and vitamin E containing hydrogels was determined against Escherichia coli ( E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus) with disk diffusion method. Bio-efficacy of micelle-loaded alginate–gelatin hydrogels were tested in vitro using L929 fibroblasts and dental pulp stem cells. Doxycycline HCl–loaded micelles and vitamin E containing hydrogels showed a sustained release and exhibited inhibition zone against E. coli and S. aureus. Hydrogels with vitamin E and doxycycline HCl–loaded micelles promoted osteogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells. Results suggest that alginate–gelatin hydrogels containing doxycycline HCl–loaded micelles and vitamin E can be good candidates for the treatment of periodontitis and tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulhan Isik
- Graduate Department of Biotechnology, Middle East Technical University (METU), Ankara, Turkey
- BIOMATEN-Center of Excellence in Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Middle East Technical University (METU), Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nesrin Hasirci
- Graduate Department of Biotechnology, Middle East Technical University (METU), Ankara, Turkey
- BIOMATEN-Center of Excellence in Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Middle East Technical University (METU), Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University (METU), Ankara, Turkey
- Near East University, Tissue Engineering and Biomaterial Research Center, Nicosia, TRNC, Mersin 10, Turkey
| | - Aysen Tezcaner
- Graduate Department of Biotechnology, Middle East Technical University (METU), Ankara, Turkey
- BIOMATEN-Center of Excellence in Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Middle East Technical University (METU), Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Engineering Sciences, Middle East Technical University (METU), Ankara, Turkey
| | - Aysel Kiziltay
- BIOMATEN-Center of Excellence in Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Middle East Technical University (METU), Ankara, Turkey
- Central Laboratory, Middle East Technical University (METU), Ankara, Turkey
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12
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Costa FO, Cortelli JR, Costa AM, Lima RPE, Corteli SC, Cota OM. Periodontal condition and recurrence of periodontitis associated with alcohol consumption in periodontal maintenance therapy. J Clin Exp Dent 2020; 12:e139-e147. [PMID: 32071695 PMCID: PMC7018480 DOI: 10.4317/jced.56166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study followed individuals in periodontal maintenance therapy (PMT) over 6 years and longitudinally evaluated the effects of the frequency of alcohol consumption on the recurrence of periodontitis (RP).
Material and Methods From a 6-year follow-up cohort study with 268 individuals under PMT, 142 patients who attended at least one PMT visit within 12 months were determined to be eligible. Based on their alcohol consumption, participants were categorized into 3 groups: none or occasional alcohol use (NA; n=88), moderate alcohol use (MA; n=26) and intense alcohol use (IA; n=24). Complete periodontal examination and alcohol consumption were evaluated at 2 times, T1 (after active periodontal therapy) and T2 (6 years).
Results The frequencies of RP in the NA, MA and IA groups were 46.5%, 57.6%, and 79.1%, respectively. The following variables were significantly associated with RP in final multivariate logistic regression model: age >50 years old (OR = 1.79; 95%CI 1.42-2.91; p=0.002), current smoking (OR = 2.42; 95%CI 1.33-4.31; p=0.001), and intensive alcohol use (OR = 1.96; 95%CI: 1.37-2.64; p=0.024). Interaction between intensive alcohol use and smoking showed a high OR estimate of 3.15 (95%CI 1.29-6.32) for RP.
Conclusions IA individuals undergoing PMT presented worse periodontal condition, higher rates of RP and tooth loss when compared to NA individuals. Additionally, the interaction between intensive alcohol use and smoking significantly increased the risk for RP. Key words:Periodontitis, alcohol consumption, maintenance, epidemiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando-Oliveira Costa
- Department of Dental Clinics, Oral Pathology, and Oral Surgery, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - José-Roberto Cortelli
- School of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Rafael-Paschoal-Esteves Lima
- Department of Dental Clinics, Oral Pathology, and Oral Surgery, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Sheila-Cavalca Corteli
- School of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Otávio-Miranda Cota
- Department of Dental Clinics, Oral Pathology, and Oral Surgery, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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13
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Costa FO, Costa AA, Cota LOM. The use of interdental brushes or oral irrigators as adjuvants to conventional oral hygiene associated with recurrence of periodontitis in periodontal maintenance therapy: A 6‐year prospective study. J Periodontol 2019; 91:26-36. [DOI: 10.1002/jper.18-0637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Oliveira Costa
- Department of Dental Clinics, Oral Pathology, and Oral SurgerySchool of DentistryFederal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Amanda Almeida Costa
- Department of Dental Clinics, Oral Pathology, and Oral SurgerySchool of DentistryFederal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Luís Otávio Miranda Cota
- Department of Dental Clinics, Oral Pathology, and Oral SurgerySchool of DentistryFederal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais Brazil
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14
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Kato T, Mizutani S, Umezaki Y, Sugiyama S, Naito T. Relationship between Type D personality and dropout from dental treatment in middle-aged adults. J Oral Sci 2019; 61:264-269. [PMID: 31217375 DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.18-0068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Type D personality-the tendency toward combined negative affectivity and social inhibition-is a risk factor for coronary heart disease. Although Type D personality has been linked to low adherence to diabetic care, it is unclear whether it is related to adherence to dental therapy. Thus, study examined the relationship between Type D personality and withdrawal from dental therapy. A web-based questionnaire was used to compare a treatment dropout group (n = 225) and maintenance group(n = 236). The questionnaire was designed to assess Type D personality traits, reasons for dropout, and respondent sociodemographic characteristics and attitudes. There were no significant differences in the sociodemographic characteristics of the two groups. However, the proportion of respondents with a Type D personality was significantly larger in the dropout group than in the maintenance group (P = 0.04). The most common reasons for dental therapy dropout were "improvement of symptoms" (46.2%) and "busy with business or study" (30.7%). The most frequent attitude reported in the dropout group was negative feelings toward dental practice. In conclusion, Type D personality might be related to dropout from dental therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomotaka Kato
- Department of Oral Health Science, School of Dentistry, University of Washington.,Section of Geriatric Dentistry, Department of General Dentistry, Fukuoka Dental College
| | - Shinsuke Mizutani
- Section of Geriatric Dentistry and Perioperative Medicine in Dentistry, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University.,OBT Research Center, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University
| | - Yojiro Umezaki
- Section of Geriatric Dentistry, Department of General Dentistry, Fukuoka Dental College
| | | | - Toru Naito
- Section of Geriatric Dentistry, Department of General Dentistry, Fukuoka Dental College
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Costa FO, Cota LOM. Cumulative smoking exposure and cessation associated with the recurrence of periodontitis in periodontal maintenance therapy: A 6-year follow-up. J Periodontol 2019; 90:856-865. [PMID: 30801706 DOI: 10.1002/jper.18-0635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study followed individuals in periodontal maintenance therapy (PMT) over 6 years and longitudinally evaluated the effects of cumulative smoking exposure and duration of smoking cessation on the recurrence of periodontitis. METHODS From a 6-year follow-up cohort study with 212 individuals in PMT, 142 patients who attended at least one PMT visit within 12 months were determined to be elegible. According to smoking habits they were categorized into three groups: non-smokers (NS; n = 95), former smokers (FS; n = 22), and current smokers (CS; n = 25). Complete periodontal examination and smoking habits were evaluated at two instances: T1 (first time, after active periodontal therapy) and T2 (second time, 6 years). Associations between the recurrence of periodontitis (RP; probing depth ≥4 mm and clinical attachment loss ≥3 mm, together with the presence of bleeding on probing and/or suppuration), smoking status, and potential risk variables were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis, when appropriate. RESULTS The RP in NS, FS, and CS groups was 44.2%, 68.2%, and 80.0%, respectively. After adjusting for confounders, odds ratios (95% confidence interval) for the RP in T2 was 2.80 (2.11 to 5.14) for FS and 5.97 (3.58 to 9.88) for CS. There was a significant dose-response relationship between pack-years of smoking and the RP, as well as a significant decrease in the risk for the RP as the years of smoking cessation increased. CONCLUSION During 6 years of PMT, cumulative smoking exposure and shorter time since smoking cessation were significantly associated with the RP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Oliveira Costa
- Department of Dental Clinics, Oral Pathology, and Oral Surgery, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luís Otávio Miranda Cota
- Department of Dental Clinics, Oral Pathology, and Oral Surgery, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Cytokine levels in crevicular fluid associated with compliance during periodontal maintenance therapy. Clin Oral Investig 2018; 23:3517-3526. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-018-2770-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Effects of dropping out of dental treatment on the oral health-related quality of life among middle-aged subjects using web research. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0205462. [PMID: 30379933 PMCID: PMC6209193 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0205462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The oral health-related quality of life has recently been reported to be a rather important aspect of general health. Dropping out of dental treatment has long been a problem plaguing oral health. However, the relationship between dropout for dental treatment and the oral health-related quality of life is unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the oral health-related quality of life in patients who dropped out of dental treatment. Materials and methods We conducted a questionnaire-based investigation using web research. The participants were allocated to two groups (dropout group and maintenance group). The dropout group included participants who had stopped visiting their dental office in the past and had not revisited in the last decade. The maintenance group included patients who visited their dental office continually for a regular checkup. We analyzed the General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) as an indicator of the oral health-related quality of life and assessed the background characteristics of the subjects. Results We analyzed 225 people in the dropout group and 236 people in the maintenance group. The score of GOHAI was significantly different between the 2 groups (dropout group:47.07, maintenance:48.97, p = 0.035), and the more frequent dropouts brought the less GOHAI score (p = 0.012). Furthermore, the results of a logistic regression analysis showed that dropping out of dental treatment was significantly associated with the GOHAI score (p = 0.002). Conclusion A relationship was demonstrated between the oral health-related quality of life and dental treatment dropout. Furthermore, dental treatment dropout seemed to have negative effects on the oral health-related quality of life.
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Abstract
This volume of Periodontology 2000 represents the 25th anniversary of the Journal, and uses the occasion to assess important advancements in periodontology over the past quarter-century as well as the hurdles that remain. Periodontitis is defined by pathologic loss of the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone. The disease involves complex dynamic interactions among active herpesviruses, specific bacterial pathogens and destructive immune responses. Periodontal diagnostics is currently based on clinical rather than etiologic criteria, and provides limited therapeutic guidance. Periodontal causative treatment consists of scaling, antiseptic rinses and occasionally systemic antibiotics, and surgical intervention has been de-emphasized, except perhaps for the most advanced types of periodontitis. Plastic surgical therapy includes soft-tissue grafting to cover exposed root surfaces and bone grafting to provide support for implants. Dental implants are used to replace severely diseased or missing teeth, but implant overuse is of concern. The utility of laser treatment for periodontitis remains unresolved. Host modulation and risk-factor modification therapies may benefit select patient groups. Patient self-care is a critical part of periodontal health care, and twice-weekly oral rinsing with 0.10-0.25% sodium hypochlorite constitutes a valuable adjunct to conventional anti-plaque and anti-gingivitis treatments. A link between periodontal herpesviruses and systemic diseases is a strong biological plausibility. In summary, research during the past 25 years has significantly changed our concepts of periodontitis pathobiology and has produced more-effective and less-costly therapeutic options.
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Laleman I, Cortellini S, De Winter S, Rodriguez Herrero E, Dekeyser C, Quirynen M, Teughels W. Subgingival debridement: end point, methods and how often? Periodontol 2000 2017; 75:189-204. [DOI: 10.1111/prd.12204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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