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Muhamad Nasir N, Taib H, Awang Nawi MA, Hassan A. The Effects of Dental Hygiene Instruments on Streptococcus sanguinis Adhesion to Titanium Implant Abutments. Cureus 2024; 16:e66605. [PMID: 39258034 PMCID: PMC11385942 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.66605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Maintenance of dental implant with different hygiene methods or instruments may cause a surface alteration. It directly affects bacterial colonization and adhesion on titanium implant surfaces that result in peri-implant diseases. This study aimed to compare the Streptococcus sanguinis (S. sanguinis) adhesion on titanium implant abutments after instrumentation with a rubber cup with pumice and erbium, chromium-doped: yttrium, scandium, gallium, and garnet (Er, Cr: YSGG) laser using scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation and colony-forming unit (CFU) measurement. METHODS Twenty-one MegaGen titanium implant abutments were randomly distributed into three groups. Seven abutments were respectively selected for the control/untreated (C) group, while the other two groups were treated with rubber cups with pumice (P) and Er, Cr: YSGG laser (L). All samples were cultured with S. sanguinis for bacterial colonization and adhesion. One sample for each group was selected for SEM observation, while the other samples were prepared for CFU calculation. RESULTS For SEM results, at 2,000× magnification, machining marks were intact in the C group, roughened in the L group, and smoothened in the P group. At 5,000× and 10,000× magnifications, moderate colonies of S. sanguinis were revealed in C and L groups, while sparse bacterial colonies were detected in the P group. However, for CFU results, statistical analysis showed no significant value (p>0.05) comparing all three groups. CONCLUSION P instrumentation revealed a lesser amount of S. sanguinis adhesion in SEM photographs, but no statistical significance of CFU results was noted for all three groups.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Haslina Taib
- School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, MYS
| | | | - Akram Hassan
- School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, MYS
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Perussolo J, Donos N. Maintenance of peri-implant health in general dental practice. Br Dent J 2024; 236:781-789. [PMID: 38789755 PMCID: PMC11126374 DOI: 10.1038/s41415-024-7406-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
The long-term maintenance or restoration of peri-implant tissues' health depends on the strategic implementation of preventive measures and interventions. These measures should be initiated before implant placement and continued throughout a patient's lifetime, as part of a tailored and comprehensive supportive peri-implant care (SPIC) programme. Central to the clinical efforts of maintaining and rehabilitating peri-implant tissues are several key factors, including the ongoing assessment and frequent monitoring of tissue health and stability, proactive oral health promotion, the control of risk factors and indicators and the provision of professional plaque biofilm removal. It is of paramount importance to underline that SPIC should not limit its scope exclusively to patients already in a state of peri-implant health; in fact, it is imperative that it should extend its protective effect to individuals who have been previously diagnosed and treated for peri-implant diseases, focusing on preventing its recurrence and progression, thereby avoiding further complications, such as implant loss.This narrative review presents an overview of the current literature on the maintenance of peri-implant tissues' health and the steps of SPIC providing insights into the critical factors to be considered when managing dental implant patients in the general dental practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeniffer Perussolo
- Centre for Oral Clinical Research, Institute of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Turner Street, London, E1 2AD, UK
| | - Nikolaos Donos
- Centre for Oral Clinical Research, Institute of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Turner Street, London, E1 2AD, UK.
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Kao A, Tawse-Smith A, Ma S, Duncan WJ, Reid M, Atieh MA. Quantity and Size of Titanium Particles Released from Different Mechanical Decontamination Procedures on Titanium Discs: An In Vitro Study. Dent J (Basel) 2024; 12:123. [PMID: 38786521 PMCID: PMC11119952 DOI: 10.3390/dj12050123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Complications such as peri-implantitis could ultimately affect the survival of a dental implant. The prevention and treatment of peri-implant diseases require managing bacterial biofilm and controlling environmental risks, including the presence of pro-inflammatory titanium (Ti) particles in the peri-implant niche. Objectives included the evaluation of the size and quantity of Ti particles released from moderately roughened Ti surfaces during common mechanical surface decontamination methods. One hundred and forty moderately roughened Ti discs were divided into seven groups (n = 20 per group); six groups received mechanical decontamination procedures (ultrasonic scaling (US) with a metal tip and poly-ether-ketone (PEEK) under low and medium power settings, air-polishing with erythritol powder, and Ti brush), and the control group underwent air-water spray using a dental triplex. The rinsing solution was collected for Ti mass analysis using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS), as well as for Ti particle size and count analysis under scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). US metal tip instrumentation generated 34.00 ± 12.54 μg and 34.44 ± 6.08 μg of Ti under low and medium power settings, respectively. This amount of Ti generation was significantly higher than other instrumentation methods. The mean Ti particle size of the US groups ranged from 0.89 ± 0.27 μm to 1.25 ± 0.24 μm. No statistically significant difference was found in the particle size among US groups and Ti brush group (1.05 ± 0.11 μm), except for US with the PEEK tip, where a significantly smaller mean particle diameter was found at the low power setting (0.89 ± 0.27 μm). Mechanical instrumentation can produce Ti particulates and modify the implant surfaces. US using a metal tip generated the highest amount of Ti with smaller Ti size particles compared to all other commonly used mechanical surface instrumentations. The EDS analysis confirmed Ti in PEEK US tips. It can be suggested that deterioration from the PEEK US tip and Ti brush, as observed under SEM, is an additional source of Ti release during Ti surface decontamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Kao
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, 310 Great King Street, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand; (A.K.); (S.M.); (W.J.D.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Andrew Tawse-Smith
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, 310 Great King Street, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand; (A.K.); (S.M.); (W.J.D.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Sunyoung Ma
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, 310 Great King Street, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand; (A.K.); (S.M.); (W.J.D.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Warwick J. Duncan
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, 310 Great King Street, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand; (A.K.); (S.M.); (W.J.D.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Malcolm Reid
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Trace Element Analysis, Department of Geology, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand;
| | - Momen A. Atieh
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, 310 Great King Street, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand; (A.K.); (S.M.); (W.J.D.); (M.A.A.)
- Department of Oral Diagnostics and Surgical Sciences, Hamdan Bin Mohammed College of Dental Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai P.O. Box 505055, United Arab Emirates
- School of Dentistry, University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
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4
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Parolina de Carvalho RD, de Andrade Moreno J, Roque SM, Chan DCH, Torrez WB, Stipp RN, Bueno-Silva B, de Lima PO, Cogo-Müller K. Statins and oral biofilm: Simvastatin as a promising drug to control periodontal dysbiosis. Oral Dis 2024; 30:669-680. [PMID: 36416468 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study evaluated antimicrobial activity of atorvastatin, pravastatin, rosuvastatin, and simvastatin against oral bacteria, and the interaction of simvastatin with standard antimicrobials (amoxicillin and metronidazole). METHODS Minimal inhibitory concentration assays were performed with Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Actinomyces odontolyticus, Streptococcus oralis, Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus salivarius, Streptococcus sanguinis, and Streptococcus gordonii; checkerboard microdilution assays between simvastatin and standard antimicrobials; monospecies and multispecies biofilms. RESULTS Simvastatin showed the best antimicrobial activity against most species (MIC range from 3.12 to 25 μg/ml), highlighting the sensitivity of P. gingivalis. In the checkerboard assay, synergistic interaction was found between simvastatin and amoxicillin against S. oralis and S. sanguinis. P. gingivalis biofilm was inhibited by simvastatin at 10 and 50× Minimal inhibitory concentration, with similar effects to metronidazole. For multispecies biofilm, SMV reduced the biofilm metabolic activity (79%) and total counts (87%), comparable to amoxicillin. Simvastatin also reduced bacterial counts of Veilonnella parvula, P. gingivalis, Streptococcus mutans, Actinomyces naeslundii, P. intermedia, and Capnocytophaga ochracea in the multispecies biofilm. CONCLUSIONS Simvastatin showed antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity against oral bacteria and may contribute to the control of dysbiosis, and may be considered in clinical studies as an adjuvant in the treatment of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sindy Magri Roque
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Daniel Cheuk Hong Chan
- Department of Biosciences, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Willy Bustillos Torrez
- Dental Research Division, University of Guarulhos (UNG), Guarulhos, Brazil
- Research department, Universidad Franz Tamayo, Cochabamba, Bolivia
| | - Rafael Nóbrega Stipp
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Bruno Bueno-Silva
- Dental Research Division, University of Guarulhos (UNG), Guarulhos, Brazil
| | | | - Karina Cogo-Müller
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
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Berglundh T, Mombelli A, Schwarz F, Derks J. Etiology, pathogenesis and treatment of peri-implantitis: A European perspective. Periodontol 2000 2024. [PMID: 38305506 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Peri-implantitis is a plaque-associated pathological condition occurring in tissues around dental implants. It is characterized by inflammation in the peri-implant mucosa and progressive loss of supporting bone. Over the last 30 years, peri-implantitis has become a major disease burden in dentistry. An understanding of the diagnosis, etiology and pathogenesis, epidemiology, and treatment of peri-implantitis must be a central component in undergraduate and postgraduate training programs in dentistry. In view of the strong role of European research in periodontology and implant dentistry, the focus of this review was to address peri-implantitis from a European perspective. One component of the work was to summarize new and reliable data on patients with dental implants to underpin the relevance of peri-implantitis from a population perspective. The nature of the peri-implantitis lesion was evaluated through results presented in preclinical models and evaluations of human biopsy material together with an appraisal of the microbiological characteristics. An overview of strategies and outcomes presented in clinical studies on nonsurgical and surgical treatment of peri-implantitis is discussed with a particular focus on end points of therapy and recommendations presented in the S3 level Clinical Practice Guideline for the prevention and treatment of peri-implant diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tord Berglundh
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Andrea Mombelli
- Division of Regenerative Dental Medicine and Periodontology, University Clinics of Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Frank Schwarz
- Department of Oral Surgery and Implantology, Goethe University, Carolinum, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jan Derks
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Panahipour L, Botta S, Abbasabadi AO, Afradi Z, Gruber R. Enamel Matrix Derivative Suppresses Chemokine Expression in Oral Epithelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13991. [PMID: 37762294 PMCID: PMC10530986 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial cells in periodontitis patients increasingly express chemokines, suggesting their active involvement in the inflammatory process. Enamel matrix derivative (EMD) is an extract of porcine fetal tooth germs clinically applied to support the regrowth of periodontal tissues. Periodontal regeneration might benefit from the potential anti-inflammatory activity of EMD for epithelial cells. Our aim was, therefore, to set up a bioassay where chemokine expression is initiated in the HSC2 oral squamous carcinoma cell line and then test EMD for its capacity to lower the inflammatory response. To establish the bioassay, HSC2 cells being exposed to TNFα and LPS from E. coli (Escherichia coli) or P. gingivalis (Porphyromonas gingivalis) were subjected to RNAseq. Here, TNFα but not LPS caused a robust increase of chemokines, including CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL8, CCL5, and CCL20 in HSC2 cells. Polymerase chain reaction confirmed the increased expression of the respective chemokines in cells exposed to TNFα and IL-1β. Under these conditions, EMD reduced the expression of all chemokines at the transcriptional level and CXCL8 by immunoassay. The TGF-β receptor type I kinase-inhibitor SB431542 reversed the anti-inflammatory activity. Moreover, EMD-activated TGF-β-canonical signaling was visualized by phosphorylation of smad3 and nuclear translocation of smad2/3 in HSC2 cells and blocked by SB431542. This observation was confirmed with primary oral epithelial cells where EMD significantly lowered the SB431542-dependent expression of CXCL8. In summary, our findings suggest that TGF-β signaling mediates the effects of EMD to lower the forced expression of chemokines in oral epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Layla Panahipour
- Department of Oral Biology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Sensengasse 2a, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (L.P.); (S.B.); (A.O.A.); (Z.A.)
| | - Sara Botta
- Department of Oral Biology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Sensengasse 2a, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (L.P.); (S.B.); (A.O.A.); (Z.A.)
| | - Azarakhsh Oladzad Abbasabadi
- Department of Oral Biology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Sensengasse 2a, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (L.P.); (S.B.); (A.O.A.); (Z.A.)
| | - Zohreh Afradi
- Department of Oral Biology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Sensengasse 2a, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (L.P.); (S.B.); (A.O.A.); (Z.A.)
| | - Reinhard Gruber
- Department of Oral Biology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Sensengasse 2a, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (L.P.); (S.B.); (A.O.A.); (Z.A.)
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
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Zhang L, Li Y, Yuan L, Zhang Q, Yan Y, Dong F, Tang J, Wang Y. Advanced and Readily-Available Wireless-Powered Blue-Light-Implant for Non-Invasive Peri-Implant Disinfection. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2203472. [PMID: 36935373 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202203472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Non-invasive light-based antibacterial therapy has a good prospect in non-surgical treatment of peri-implant infections. However, its applications are severely limited by poor penetration of light into human tissues, leading to unsatisfying outcomes. Moreover, as an essential prerequisite for traditional light therapy, lasers can no longer meet the patients' needs for convenient treatment at any time. To break through the spatial and temporal limitations of traditional light therapy, a wireless-powered blue-light zirconia implant for readily available treatment of peri-implant infection is proposed. In space, complete irradiation to complex peri-implant structure is realized by the built-in wireless-powered light source, thus improving the efficacy. In time, wireless-powering allows timely and controllable anti-infection treatment. Blue micro-light emitting diodes are used as therapeutic light sources, which effectively kill peri-implant infection-related bacteria without exogenous photosensitive agents. Porphyromonas gingivalis biofilm on implant surface can be completely killed after 20 min irradiation in vitro. The bactericidal rate of peri-implant methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection reaches 99.96 ± 0.03% under 30 min per day blue light exposure in vivo. Within the scope of this study, the treatment of peri-implant infection with blue-light implant has preliminary feasibility, giving a new approach to non-invasive treatment of deep oral infections, including peri-implant infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludan Zhang
- Center of Digital Dentistry/ Department of Prosthodontics, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, NHC Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Yamin Li
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
- School of Integrated Circuits, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Lintian Yuan
- Center of Digital Dentistry/ Department of Prosthodontics, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, NHC Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Qianyi Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yuqing Yan
- Beijing Taia Technology Co. LTD, Beijing, 100089, P. R. China
| | - Fan Dong
- Center of Digital Dentistry/ Department of Prosthodontics, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, NHC Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Jun Tang
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
- School of Integrated Circuits, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yuguang Wang
- Center of Digital Dentistry/ Department of Prosthodontics, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, NHC Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
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Lazăr L, Dakó T, Mureșan IÉ, Suciu M, Maftei GA, Tatarciuc M, Lazăr AP. Is Laser Therapy an Adjuvant in the Treatment of Peri-Implant Mucositis? A Randomized Clinical Trial. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13061192. [PMID: 36980500 PMCID: PMC10047770 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13061192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Early diagnosis and treatment of peri-implant mucositis may reduce inflammatory markers and halt the progression of the condition to peri-implantitis. Adjunctive laser treatment may have therapeutic benefits that are not yet well known. The aim of this study was to determine the advantages and limitations of laser therapy as an adjuvant in the treatment of peri-implant mucositis. (2) Methods: A total of 42 patients with at least 2 implants situated in different hemiarches were included in this study and divided into two groups: G1 (received laser therapy) and G2 (no laser therapy). Periodontal health status indices were recorded at the initial moment (T0), and all patients underwent non-surgical debridement therapy accompanied by oral hygiene training. In patients from group G1, one implant site received adjuvant laser therapy (subgroup IL), and the other one did not receive active laser light (IC). The plaque index (PI), probing pocket depth (PPD), and bleeding on probing (BOP) values recorded after 3 months (T1) and 6 months (T2) were analyzed and compared with those at T0. (3) Results: PI values considerably reduced at moment T1 and T2 for both G1 and G2 (p = 0.0031). PPD was also reduced, but the difference between the groups and the three recording moments was not statistically significant. Statistically significant differences were found when comparing the BOP values between G1 IL and G1 IC for T0/T1 (p = 0.0182) and T1/T2 (p < 0.0001), but there was no significant difference between G2 and G1 IL or G1 IC. (4) Conclusions: Laser therapy as an adjunct to conventional treatment of peri-implant mucositis leads to a statistically significant reduction in bleeding on probing at 3-month and 6-month re-evaluations. Moreover, it leads to an evident reduction in probing depth but with no statistical significance. These results should be interpreted with caution, and more in-depth research should be performed to create a complete laser therapy protocol for peri-implant mucositis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luminița Lazăr
- Department of Periodontology, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Timea Dakó
- Department of Odontology and Oral Pathology, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania
| | | | - Mircea Suciu
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Occlusology, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - George-Alexandru Maftei
- Department of Dento-Alveolar Surgery and Oral Pathology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Monica Tatarciuc
- Department of Oral Implantology, Removable Dentures and Technology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ana-Petra Lazăr
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Occlusology, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania
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Guida L, Esposito U, Sirignano M, Torrisi P, Annunziata M, Cecchinato D. 6 mm short versus 11 mm long inter-foraminal implants in the full-arch rehabilitation of edentulous non-atrophic mandibles: 5-year results from a multicenter randomized controlled trial. Clin Oral Implants Res 2023; 34:127-136. [PMID: 36461704 DOI: 10.1111/clr.14024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this multicenter parallel-group randomized controlled trial is to compare, in the same clinical scenario, 6 mm short with 11 mm long implants for the rehabilitation of completely edentulous non-atrophic mandibles. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty patients in three study centers received a fixed full-arch mandibular rehabilitation supported by five inter-foraminal implants, with no need for bone augmentation procedures. Patients were randomly allocated (1:1 ratio), at the time of surgery, to test (6 mm implants) or control group (11 mm implants). After 3 months, a screw-retained full-arch prosthesis was positioned (baseline). Peri-implant marginal bone level change (MBLc, primary outcome) together with implant and prosthesis survival rate, and biological/technical complications (secondary outcomes) were evaluated up to 5 years. RESULTS Twenty seven patients were controlled at 5 years (3 drop-outs). No implant or prosthesis loss occurred. No significant intergroup difference for biological/technical complications (p > .05, Fisher's exact test) and no significant intragroup and intergroup difference in the MBLc values were registered (test -0.03 ± 0.17 mm and control -0.13 ± 0.32 mm at 5-years; p > .025, one-sided Mann-Whitney U-test). CONCLUSIONS When used in comparable anatomic, surgical, and prosthetic conditions, no difference in the clinical and radiographic outcomes between 6-mm and 11-mm implants was observed at 5 years of follow-up. Short implants showed to be a reliable option for the rehabilitation of completely edentulous non-atrophic mandibles. There is growing clinical evidence supporting the use of short implants, even in the case of non-atrophic sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Guida
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical- Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.,Department of Dentistry, Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University Hospital "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Marco Annunziata
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical- Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.,Department of Dentistry, Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University Hospital "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
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Graetz C, Ehrenthal JC, Kowalski R, Cyris M, Geiken A, Dörfer CE. Periodontal maintenance: individual patient responses and discontinuations. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:610. [DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02655-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Aim
There is a lack of data on long-term impact of different psychological variables on periodontitis. Aim of the current study was to investigate the impact of psychological factors in patients with chronic periodontitis (CP; according to the 1999 Classification of Periodontal Diseases) to explain adherence to or discontinuation of supportive periodontal therapy (SPT) in a university setting.
Methods
A sample of n = 119 patients were examined in a questionnaire-based, cross-sectional survey. All patients had received active periodontal treatment (APT) and were reevaluated in a university setting (Kiel) before 2016 [T1: start SPT]. Patients who showed sufficient adherence to SPT of ≥ 2 years (maximum ± 6 months of deviation between SPT intervals, last visit and questionnaire at T2) were assigned to the adherence group (AG: n = 58), or, if they interrupted SPT or stopped treatment altogether, to the non-adherence group (NAG: n = 61). In addition to dental parameters, we assessed socio-demographic, treatment-related (critical attitudes/complaints), dental as well as psychological variables (especially psychological attachment, but also dental fear, patient participation style, personality functioning) and examined between-group differences as well as possible mediating factors of non-adherence to treatment continuation.
Results
For both groups we found similar average observation time (NAG/AG: 15.9(8.9)/14.9(10.6)years). There were significant differences in age, critical attitudes, dental fear, and patient participation style between the groups. With the help of exploratory sequential mediation models, we found a significant indirect pathway of the impact of attachment anxiety on discontinuation of treatment mediated through dental fear and number of critical attitudes/complaints.
Conclusion
Considering the limitations, dentists should be aware of personality-related risk-factors such as attachment anxiety as well as their interplay with levels of dental fear and critical attitudes which may influence adherence to SPT.
Trial registration: The clinical trial was retrospectively registered in the DRKS—German Clinical Trials Register (https://www.drks.de) with registration DRKS00030092 (26/08/2022).
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The use of shear wave elastography to monitor changes in gingival elasticity associated with initial periodontal therapy in patients with advanced periodontitis: A prospective pilot study. J Dent Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2022.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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12
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Effect of Three Chlorhexidine-Based Mouthwashes on Human Gingival Fibroblasts: An In Vitro Study. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12052417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Mouthwashes containing chlorhexidine (CHX) are deemed to be associated with dose-dependent side effects, including burning sensation and taste alteration. To overcome these drawbacks, mouthwashes with CHX at lower concentrations with or without adjunctive agents are proposed. The aim of this in vitro study was to investigate the effects of three CHX-based mouthwashes on human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs). After 3 days of cell culture, groups were randomly treated for 30 s, 60 s or 120 s with (a) CHX 0.05% in combination with cetylpyridnium chloride (CPC) 0.05%; (b) CHX 0.1%; (c) CHX 0.2%; or (d) NaCl as control. Cell viability, cytotoxicity and apoptosis were evaluated at 2 h, 3 days and 6 days after the exposure to the different solutions. Similar cell viability values were found among the test groups at all time points. At day 0, higher cytotoxicity was measured in the group treated with CHX 0.02%, in particular after long application time (120 s), while no significant difference was found between CHX + CPC and the control group. All the investigated mouthwashes were well tolerated by HGF cells for the tested application times. The highest cytotoxic effect was observed for CHX 0.2%; therefore, clinicians should consider limiting its usage to carefully selected clinical situations.
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13
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Influence of Periodontitis, Implant, and Prosthesis Characteristics on the Peri-Implant Status: A Cross-Sectional Study. Int J Dent 2022; 2022:9984871. [PMID: 35178092 PMCID: PMC8843979 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9984871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The association between peri-implant diseases and the periodontal, implant, and prosthesis characteristics has been characterized in various ways. Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate the link between the peri-implant and periodontal status and the influence of implant and prosthesis parameters during implant follow-up. Materials and Methods One hundred and seven patients with a total of 310 implants that had at least one year of function who were attending periodontal and implant maintenance at a university clinic setting were included in this cross-sectional study. The demographic, periodontal, peri-implant tissue, implant, and prosthesis parameters were recorded. A pocket depth > 4 mm with bleeding on probing defined periodontal/peri-implant soft tissue diseased sites. Analyses were performed at the patient and implant levels using univariable and multivariable mixed regression analysis. Results The mean implant follow-up was 7.22 years. At the patient level, the bleeding on probing and pocket depth measurements were more pronounced around the implant than around the teeth. The opposite was observed for plaque and the clinical attachment levels. At the implant level, multivariable analysis showed that the periodontal and corresponding peri-implant tissue parameters, such as diseased sites, were closely related. The implant location, bone level, and number were selectively associated with the implant bone level, while cemented retention and emergence restoration profile influenced the implant pocket depth. Conclusions The present study suggested that clinical peri-implant and periodontal soft tissue statuses were different, which could be a consequence of the initial implant and prosthesis healing process. However, during implant follow-up, the peri-implant parameters were predominantly associated with their corresponding periodontal parameters regardless of an association with the implant and prosthesis characteristics. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT03841656.
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Abdulkareem A, Abdulbaqi H, Gul S, Milward M, Chasib N, Alhashimi R. Classic vs. Novel Antibacterial Approaches for Eradicating Dental Biofilm as Adjunct to Periodontal Debridement: An Evidence-Based Overview. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 11:antibiotics11010009. [PMID: 35052887 PMCID: PMC8773342 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a multifactorial chronic inflammatory disease that affects tooth-supporting soft/hard tissues of the dentition. The dental plaque biofilm is considered as a primary etiological factor in susceptible patients; however, other factors contribute to progression, such as diabetes and smoking. Current management utilizes mechanical biofilm removal as the gold standard of treatment. Antibacterial agents might be indicated in certain conditions as an adjunct to this mechanical approach. However, in view of the growing concern about bacterial resistance, alternative approaches have been investigated. Currently, a range of antimicrobial agents and protocols have been used in clinical management, but these remain largely non-validated. This review aimed to evaluate the efficacy of adjunctive antibiotic use in periodontal management and to compare them to recently suggested alternatives. Evidence from in vitro, observational and clinical trial studies suggests efficacy in the use of adjunctive antimicrobials in patients with grade C periodontitis of young age or where the associated risk factors are inconsistent with the amount of bone loss present. Meanwhile, alternative approaches such as photodynamic therapy, bacteriophage therapy and probiotics showed limited supportive evidence, and more studies are warranted to validate their efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Abdulkareem
- College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Medical City of Baghdad, Baghdad 10011, Iraq; (H.A.); (N.C.); (R.A.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Hayder Abdulbaqi
- College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Medical City of Baghdad, Baghdad 10011, Iraq; (H.A.); (N.C.); (R.A.)
| | - Sarhang Gul
- College of Dentistry, University of Sulaimani, Sulaymaniyah 40062, Iraq;
| | - Mike Milward
- College of Dentistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B5 7EG, UK;
| | - Nibras Chasib
- College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Medical City of Baghdad, Baghdad 10011, Iraq; (H.A.); (N.C.); (R.A.)
| | - Raghad Alhashimi
- College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Medical City of Baghdad, Baghdad 10011, Iraq; (H.A.); (N.C.); (R.A.)
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15
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Verardi S, Valente NA. Peri-Implantitis: Application of a Protocol for the Regeneration of Deep Osseous Defects. A Retrospective Case Series. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182312658. [PMID: 34886384 PMCID: PMC8656633 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182312658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Background and aims: Peri-implantitis is a complex pathology, both in its diagnosis and in the identification of etiological causes. Although we have been studying more and more over the years to try to answer the many questions that remain regarding everything that circulates around this disease which affects implants, nothing has yet been taken as an official consensus regarding its surgical treatment. There are still many proposed protocols, each of which has been shown to have comforting results and promising prospects, but no total predictability. The aim of this case series is to assess the clinical outcomes of a mixed protocol for the regeneration of deep osseous defects. Materials and methods: The data and clinical records of 23 patients, with 29 implants affected by peri-implantitis treated surgically in private practice, were analyzed retrospectively. The method used for the surgical treatment was a mixed protocol of mechanical–chemical decontamination and bone regeneration with bovine xenograft. Results: All patients were followed for at least 2 years, averaging 28.9 months (a range of 24–38 months) with a reduction in the probing depth (PD) at one year from the initial 8.14 ± 1.156 mm to 3.72 ± 0.649 mm, and to 4.14 ± 1.093 mm at the final assessment. The differences between assessment time points were always statistically significant. The data regarding bleeding on probing (BoP) and suppuration also showed a statistically significant reduction at the final time point compared to the baseline. Only one patient, at 24 months, still showed BoP, suppuration, and a PD deeper than 5 mm, indicating a recurrence of the disease compared to the initial improvement of the PD (5 mm) at one year. Conclusions: In conclusion, within the limits of this retrospective analysis, it can be affirmed that this combined mechanical–chemical and regenerative decontamination therapy is effective in the treatment of peri-implantitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Verardi
- Department of Periodontics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA;
| | - Nicola Alberto Valente
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
- Department of Periodontics and Endodontics, State University of New York at Buffalo, New York, NY 14214, USA
- Correspondence:
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16
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Barbagallo G, Santagati M, Guni A, Torrisi P, Spitale A, Stefani S, Ferlito S, Nibali L. Microbiome differences in periodontal, peri-implant, and healthy sites: a cross-sectional pilot study. Clin Oral Investig 2021; 26:2771-2781. [PMID: 34826030 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-021-04253-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore microbial communities associated with health and disease status around teeth and dental implants. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 10 healthy, 24 periodontitis, and 24 peri-implant sites from 24 patients were sequenced by next-generation sequencing. Microbial DNA was extracted and 16S rRNA gene was amplified. Bioinformatic analyses were performed using quantitative insights into microbial ecology (QIIME), linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSE), and STAMP. RESULTS Differences in microbial diversity across three types of sites were not statistically significant. Several genera and species were more prevalent in healthy compared with diseased sites, including Lautropia, Rothia and Capnocytophaga and Kingella. Among diseased sites, Peptostreptococcaceae, Dialister, Mongibacterium, Atopobium, and Filifactor were over-represented in peri-implantitis sites, while Bacteroidales was more abundant in periodontitis sites. CONCLUSIONS Diseased periodontal and peri-implant sites and corresponding healthy sites have distinct microbiological profiles. These findings suggest that microbial analyses could identify biomarkers for periodontal health and disease and lead to the development of new strategies to improve periodontal health and treat peri-implant and periodontal diseases. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The study contributes to improving our understanding of healthy, periodontally affected, and peri-implantitis sites which can improve our ability to diagnose, monitor, and manage these oral conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Barbagallo
- Department of Surgery and Medical Specialties, Division of Dental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Santagati
- Medical Molecular Microbiology and Antibiotic Resistance Laboratory (MMARLab), Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences (BIOMETEC), University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
| | - Alaa Guni
- Periodontology Unit, Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Paolo Torrisi
- Department of Surgery and Medical Specialties, Division of Dental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Ambra Spitale
- Medical Molecular Microbiology and Antibiotic Resistance Laboratory (MMARLab), Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences (BIOMETEC), University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Stefania Stefani
- Medical Molecular Microbiology and Antibiotic Resistance Laboratory (MMARLab), Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences (BIOMETEC), University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Ferlito
- Department of Surgery and Medical Specialties, Division of Dental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Luigi Nibali
- Periodontology Unit, Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
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17
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Eggmann F, Schiavone F, Amato J, Vahle A, Weiger R, Zitzmann NU. Effect of repeated ultrasonic instrumentation on single-unit crowns: a laboratory study. Clin Oral Investig 2021; 26:3189-3201. [PMID: 34820725 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-021-04301-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This laboratory study aimed to assess the effects of ultrasonic instrumentation, simulating 10 years of supportive periodontal therapy (SPT), on single-unit crowns. MATERIALS AND METHODS Standardized crowns were fabricated from porcelain-fused-to-metal (PFM) (n = 12), zirconia (ZrO2) (n = 12), lithium disilicate (LDS) (n = 12), feldspar ceramic (FSFC) (n = 6), and polymer-infiltrated ceramic network material (PICN) (n = 6). The crowns, luted on PICN abutments with resin-based luting material (RBLM), and if applicable glass ionomer cement (GILC), underwent thermal cycling and trimonthly ultrasonic instrumentation. After 1 and 10 years of simulated SPT, restoration quality assessments were performed, comprising profilometric surface roughness measurements, marginal integrity evaluations, and scores for luting material remnants and visible cracks. The statistical analysis included multiple logistic regressions with nested designs (α = 0.05). RESULTS During simulated SPT, bulk fractures (n = 2) and a de-cementation failure (n = 1) of LDS and ZrO2 crowns were observed. No significant change in roughness was detected after 10 years (p = 0.078). Over time, marginal defects increased (p = 0.010), with PFM crowns showing the highest rate of chippings at sites with a narrow shoulder. Fewer marginal defects were detectable on crowns luted with RBLM compared with GILC (p = 0.005). Luting material remnants decreased during SPT (p < 0.001). Ultrasonic instrumentation caused cracks in most crown materials, in particular at sites with a narrow shoulder and in PFM crowns. CONCLUSIONS Repeated ultrasonic instrumentation may damage single-unit crowns. PFM crowns with a narrow, all-ceramic margin are especially prone to defects. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Frequent ultrasonic instrumentation of restoration margins of fixed dental prostheses, PFM crowns in particular, ought to be avoided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florin Eggmann
- Department of Periodontology, Endodontology, and Cariology, University Center for Dental Medicine UZB, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 40, CH-4058, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Fabio Schiavone
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry, University Center for Dental Medicine UZB, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Julia Amato
- Department of Periodontology, Endodontology, and Cariology, University Center for Dental Medicine UZB, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 40, CH-4058, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Annika Vahle
- VITA Zahnfabrik H. Rauter GmbH & Co. KG, Bad Säckingen, Germany
| | - Roland Weiger
- Department of Periodontology, Endodontology, and Cariology, University Center for Dental Medicine UZB, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 40, CH-4058, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nicola U Zitzmann
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry, University Center for Dental Medicine UZB, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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18
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Cosgarea R, Kantarci A, Stavropoulos A, Arweiler N, Sculean A. Soft Tissue Regeneration at Natural Teeth. Dent Clin North Am 2021; 66:87-101. [PMID: 34794556 DOI: 10.1016/j.cden.2021.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
This article provides an overview of the best-documented surgical techniques for recession coverage and draws conclusions for the clinician. Use of a connective tissue graft with either coronally advanced flap (CAF) or tunnel is the most predictable technique for the treatment of single and multiple gingival recessions. Long-term results exist only for CAF with/without connective tissue graft providing evidence for long-term stability with only minor relapses. Soft tissue replacement materials and biologics may represent a valuable modality to additionally improve the clinical outcomes obtained with CAF alone or, in certain clinical situations, to serve as an alternative to autogenous tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raluca Cosgarea
- Department of Periodontology, Operative and Preventive Dentistry, University of Welschnonnenstr. 17, 53125 Bonn, Bonn, Germany; Department of Periodontology and Peri-Implant Diseases, Philipps University of Marburg, Georg-Voigt. Str. 3, Marburg 35039, Germany; Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University Iuliu Hatieganu Cluj-Napoca, Str. Clinicilor nr 32, Cluj-Napoca 400056, Romania
| | | | - Andreas Stavropoulos
- Department of Periodontology, University of Malmö, Carl Gustafs väg 34, 214 21 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Nicole Arweiler
- Department of Periodontology and Peri-Implant Diseases, Philipps University of Marburg, Georg-Voigt. Str. 3, Marburg 35039, Germany
| | - Anton Sculean
- Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse, 7, Bern CH-3010, Switzerland.
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19
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Shahmohammadi R, Younespour S, Paknejad M, Chiniforush N, Heidari M. Efficacy of Adjunctive Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy to Mechanical Debridement in the Treatment of Peri-implantitis or Peri-implant Mucositis in Smokers: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Photochem Photobiol 2021; 98:232-241. [PMID: 34197647 DOI: 10.1111/php.13481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine whether adjunctive use of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (a-PDT) in peri-implant diseases improves clinical outcomes in smokers. An electronic search was performed in MEDLINE (through PubMed), Scopus, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science and Google Scholar. The primary outcome measures were bleeding on probing (BOP) and pocket depth (PD). Plaque index (PI) was the secondary outcome. Four RCTs, (188 participants) comprised of 118 cigarette smokers, 38 E-cig smokers and 32 water pipe smokers with follow-up periods ranged from 6 weeks to 6 months were recruited. All trials applied diode laser in one session with wavelengths ranged from 660 to 670 nm. There was a significant difference between mechanical debridement (MD)+a-PDT and MD alone groups in PD (WMD = -1.26 mm, 95% CI: -2.19 to -0.32, P = 0.01) and PI (WMD = -10.60%, 95% CI: -14.46 to -6.74, P < 0.001) at 3-month follow-up. However, a great amount of heterogeneity was observed (PD: χ2 = 199.19, I2 = 98%, P < 0.001 and PI: χ2 = 25.63, I2 = 84.4%, P < 0.001). Due to methodological heterogeneity and small number of studies, this systematic review was unable to reach conclusive evidence in regards of adjunctive a-PDT efficacy in improving clinical parameters in smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rojin Shahmohammadi
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shima Younespour
- Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojgan Paknejad
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasim Chiniforush
- Laser Research Center of Dentistry, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Mohadeseh Heidari
- Dental Implant Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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20
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Becker K, Brunello G, Scotti L, Drescher D, John G. Efficacy of 0.05% Chlorhexidine and 0.05% Cetylpyridinium Chloride Mouthwash to Eliminate Living Bacteria on In Situ Collected Biofilms: An In Vitro Study. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10060730. [PMID: 34204281 PMCID: PMC8235160 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10060730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chlorhexidine (CHX) mouthwashes are frequently used as an adjunctive measure for the treatment of periodontitis and peri-implantitis, as well as in patients on maintenance therapy. However, their prolonged use is associated with several side effects. This study aimed at evaluating if a mouthwash with a reduced concentration of CHX combined with cetylpyridnium chloride (CPC) was as effective as a conventional CHX mouthwash in the reduction in living cells in oral biofilms attached to hydroxyapatite (HA) and micro-rough titanium (Ti) surfaces. Four healthy volunteers wore a customized acrylic appliance containing HA and Ti discs for in situ plaque accumulation. Biofilms were grown on the discs for 24 or 48 h and then randomly exposed for 60 s to: 0.05% CHX + 0.05% CPC, 0.1% CHX (positive control) or sterile saline (negative control). Viability assay and live-dead staining were performed to quantify bacterial viability and to distinguish live and dead cells, respectively. At both time points, contrary to saline, CHX, both alone and in combination with CPC, exhibited high antibacterial properties and induced a significant reduction in biofilm viability. This study demonstrates the potential of mouthwashes containing a low concentration of CHX combined with CPC as effective antibacterial agents for long-term applications with reduced undesired side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Becker
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-211-8118145
| | - Giulia Brunello
- Department of Oral Surgery, University of Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (G.B.); (L.S.); (G.J.)
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy
| | - Luisa Scotti
- Department of Oral Surgery, University of Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (G.B.); (L.S.); (G.J.)
- Dental Practice, 46147 Oberhausen, Germany
| | - Dieter Drescher
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany;
| | - Gordon John
- Department of Oral Surgery, University of Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (G.B.); (L.S.); (G.J.)
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21
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Routier A, Blaizot A, Agossa K, Dubar M. What do we know about the mechanisms of action of probiotics on factors involved in the pathogenesis of periodontitis? A scoping review of in vitro studies. Arch Oral Biol 2021; 129:105196. [PMID: 34153538 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2021.105196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Probiotics are increasingly used in oral prevention and treatment conditions, but little is known about their abilities. The aim of this review is to clarify, summarize and disseminate current knowledge about the mode of action of in vitro probiotics on factors involved in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. METHOD 2495 articles were identified in three databases (Medline, Web of Science, SpringerLink) and 26 studies included in this scoping review. RESULTS Twenty-three probiotic species were identified, the majority of which were Lactobacilli or Bifidobacteria. Lactobacillus rhamnosus (30.8 %) and Lactobacillus reuteri (42.3 %) were found to be the two predominantly studied probiotic species and three main mechanisms of action of probiotics could be classified as: (i) modulation of the immuno-inflammatory response, (ii) direct actions of probiotics on periodontopathogens by adhesion or nutritive competitions and/or the secretion of antimicrobial molecules and (iii) indirect actions through environmental modifications. A combination of several probiotic strains seems to be beneficial via synergistic action amplifying the functions of each strain used. However, heterogeneity of the methodologies and probiotic species included in studies leads us to consider the following avenues for future research: (i) implementation of standardized periodontal models as close as possible to in vivo periodontal conditions to identify the functions of each strain for appropriate medication, (ii) updating data about interactions within oral biofilms to identify new candidates and to predict then analyze their behavior within these biofilms. CONCLUSION Probiotics may have their place in the response to inter-individual variability in periodontitis, provided that the choice of the probiotic strain or combination of them will be personalized and optimal for each patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Routier
- School of Dentistry, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France.
| | - Alessandra Blaizot
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Dental Surgery, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France.
| | - Kevimy Agossa
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Surgery, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France; University of Lille, Inserm, Lille University Hospital, U1008, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Marie Dubar
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Surgery, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France; University of Lille, Inserm, Lille University Hospital, UMR-S 1172, F-59000 Lille, France.
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22
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Schoenmakers MGP, Willems EJS, Slot DE, Van der Weijden GAF. Success of supportive periodontal therapy in periodontitis patients - A retrospective analysis. Int J Dent Hyg 2021; 20:318-327. [PMID: 34013646 PMCID: PMC9292265 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Objective The aim of this retrospective analysis was to evaluate, in adult patients treated for periodontitis, the periodontal stability during supportive periodontal therapy (SPT). Methods Data were collected and analyzed retrospectively for periodontitis patients aged ≥36 years who underwent active periodontal therapy (APT) and were following an SPT programme. The stability of the APT success, defined as a probing pocket depth (PPD) of ≤5 mm, was the main outcome parameter. Analyses were performed in which PPD, tooth loss (TL), bleeding on probing (BOP), periodontal epithelium surface area (PESA), and the effects of age, gender, smoking status, and the number of years in SPT were evaluated. The annual TL and BOP of <10% in addition to a PPD of ≤5 mm were considered to be secondary outcome variables. Results In total, 993 patients were included, in 36% of whom a PPD ≤5 mm was found at the evaluation of APT. If the outcome was defined as a BOP of <10% in addition to a PPD of ≤5 mm, this was present in only 16% of the patients. During SPT, a small overall increase in clinical parameters for the total population and an annual average TL of 0.15 per patient was observed. Patients of male gender and smokers negatively affected the success of SPT. Conclusion The periodontal clinical status remained ‘fairly’ stable during SPT in chronic periodontitis patients aged ≥36 years. Smoking negatively affects the outcome of APT and periodontal stability during SPT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max G P Schoenmakers
- Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), A Joint Venture between the Faculty of Dentistry of the University of Amsterdam and the Faculty of Dentistry of the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eveline J S Willems
- Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), A Joint Venture between the Faculty of Dentistry of the University of Amsterdam and the Faculty of Dentistry of the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dagmar Else Slot
- Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), A Joint Venture between the Faculty of Dentistry of the University of Amsterdam and the Faculty of Dentistry of the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - G A Fridus Van der Weijden
- Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), A Joint Venture between the Faculty of Dentistry of the University of Amsterdam and the Faculty of Dentistry of the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Clinic for Periodontology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Alarcón MA, Sanz-Sánchez I, López-Pacheco A, Tavelli L, Galarraga-Vinueza ME, Schwarz F, Romanelli H, Peredo L, Pannuti CM, Javer E, Vieira AF, Montealegre M, Galindo R, Umanzor V, Treviño A, Fretes-Wood P, Cisneros M, Collins JR, Bueno L, Gimenéz X, Málaga-Figueroa L, Sanz M. Ibero-Panamerican Federation of Periodontics Delphi study on the trends in diagnosis and treatment of peri-implant diseases and conditions: A Latin American consensus. J Periodontol 2021; 92:1697-1718. [PMID: 33851728 DOI: 10.1002/jper.21-0086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The social diversity, heterogeneous culture, and inherent economic inequality factors in Latin America (LA) justify conducting a comprehensive analysis on the current status and future trends of peri-implant diseases and conditions. Thus, the aim of this Delphi study was to predict the future trends in the diagnosis and treatment of peri-implant diseases and conditions in LA countries for the year 2030. METHODS A Latin American steering committee and group of experts in implant dentistry validated a questionnaire including 64 questions divided into eight sections. The questionnaire was run twice with an interval of 45 days, with the results from the first round made available to all the participants in the second round. The results were expressed in percentages and data was analyzed describing the consensus level reached in each question. RESULTS A total of 221 experts were invited to participate in the study and a total 214 (96.8%) completed the two rounds. Moderate (65%-85%) to high consensus (≥ 85%) was reached in 51 questions (79.69%), except in the questions dealing with "prevalence", where no consensus was reached. High and moderate consensus was attained for all the questions in three fields (risk factors and indicators, diagnosis and treatment of peri-implant conditions and deficiencies, and prevention and maintenance). CONCLUSIONS The present study has provided relevant and useful information on the predictions in the diagnosis and treatment of peri-implant diseases with a high level of consensus among experts. Nevertheless, there is still a lack of agreement in certain domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Antonio Alarcón
- Academic Department of Clinical Stomatology, PerioImplant Research Group UPCH, Cayetano Heredia Peruvian University, Lima, Perú
| | - Ignacio Sanz-Sánchez
- ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases) Research Group, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrea López-Pacheco
- Academic Department of Clinical Stomatology, PerioImplant Research Group UPCH, Cayetano Heredia Peruvian University, Lima, Perú
| | - Lorenzo Tavelli
- Department of Periodontics & Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | | | - Frank Schwarz
- Department of Oral Surgery and Implantology, Carolinum, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Hugo Romanelli
- Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Maimónides University, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Claudio Mendes Pannuti
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Enrique Javer
- Conservative Dentistry Department, Chair of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrés Felipe Vieira
- Assistant Professor of Periodontology Posgraduate Program, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogota, Colombia
| | | | - Roberto Galindo
- Posgraduate Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Universidad Francisco Marroquín, Ciudad de Guatemala, Guatemala
| | - Vilma Umanzor
- Private Practice, Periodontics and Implant Dentistry, Department of Social/Prevention, School of Dentistry, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras, Tegucigalpa, Honduras
| | - Alejandro Treviño
- Postgraduate Studies and Research Division, Faculty of Dentistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico, UNAM, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Marissa Cisneros
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Universidad Interamericana de Panama, Panama City, Panama
| | - James R Collins
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Pontificia Universidad Católica Madre y Maestra (PUCMM), Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic
| | - Luis Bueno
- Periodontics Department, School of Dentistry, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Xiomara Gimenéz
- PerioImplant Research Group UCV, University Central of Venezuelan, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Lilian Málaga-Figueroa
- Academic Department of Clinical Stomatology, PerioImplant Research Group UPCH, Cayetano Heredia Peruvian University, Lima, Perú
| | - Mariano Sanz
- ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases) Research Group, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain
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Boyce RA. Prosthodontic Principles in Dental Implantology: Adjustments in a Coronavirus Disease-19 Pandemic-Battered Economy. Dent Clin North Am 2021; 65:135-165. [PMID: 33213707 PMCID: PMC8180388 DOI: 10.1016/j.cden.2020.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
More patients are requesting fixed prosthesis to replace missing teeth. More than 5 million dental implants are placed annually in the United States. This number will decrease in 2020 owing to the coronavirus disease-19 pandemic. The edentulous patient has a decreased quality of life. Prosthodontic rehabilitation/reconstruction of edentulism improves overall quality of life. Patient-reported outcome measures are subjective reports of patients' perceptions of their oral health status and the impact that it has on their quality of life. This chapter contains a variety of prosthodontic principles for the reader to help satisfy the needs and expectations of the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo A Boyce
- The Brooklyn Hospital Center, 121 Dekalb Avenue, Box 187, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA; New York University, College of Dentistry, New York, NY, USA.
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25
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Lu H, Yan X, Zhu B, Zhang L, Feng X, Piao M, Huang B, Wang X, Zhang H, Wang Q, Meng H. The occurrence of peri-implant mucositis associated with the shift of submucosal microbiome in patients with a history of periodontitis during the first two years. J Clin Periodontol 2020; 48:441-454. [PMID: 33617025 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the dynamic changes of peri-implant microbiome in patients with a history of periodontitis and to construct a microbial prediction model. MATERIALS AND METHODS The prospective study was performed at one month (T1), one year (T2) and two years (T3) after restoration. Clinical examinations [probing depth (PD), bleeding on probing (BOP), suppuration (SUP)], radiographic examinations and sample collection were conducted at three timepoints. Peri-implant sulcular fluid (PISF) was collected and analysed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) was used to identify differences. RESULTS Totally, 168 subjects were assessed for eligibility. Twenty-two patients were recruited in the longitudinal study. Eventually, 67 PISF samples from 24 implants of 12 patients were collected and analysed. Peri-implant microbiome showed increasing diversity and complexity over time. Disease-associated genera Porphyromonas, Tannerella, Treponema and Prevotella dramatically increased from T1 to T3. The prediction model for clinical suppuration at T1 showed a high accuracy of 90%. CONCLUSION The dysbiosis of peri-implant microbiome increased with time during the two-year observation in patients with a history of periodontitis. Genera of Porphyromonas, Tannerella, Treponema and Prevotella were biomarkers of peri-implant mucositis. Microbiota at the early stage could predict subsequent microbial dysbiosis and clinical suppuration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongye Lu
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Xia Yan
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Zhu
- Department of Periodontology, Stomatology Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Xianghui Feng
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Muzi Piao
- Department of Periodontology, Second Dental Center, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Baoxin Huang
- Department of Oral Implantology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiane Wang
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Haidong Zhang
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Huanxin Meng
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
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Zhao P, Song X, Nie L, Wang Q, Zhang P, Ding Y, Wang Q. Efficacy of adjunctive photodynamic therapy and lasers in the non-surgical periodontal treatment: A Bayesian network meta-analysis. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2020; 32:101969. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.101969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Koldsland OC, Aass AM. Supportive treatment following peri-implantitis surgery: An RCT using titanium curettes or chitosan brushes. J Clin Periodontol 2020; 47:1259-1267. [PMID: 32767565 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this randomized controlled trial was to assess the effect of two maintenance programmes when treatments were performed every third month from six to 18 months following surgical treatment of peri-implantitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS At the 6-month post-surgical evaluation, 44 subjects were randomized into groups receiving supportive peri-implant treatment either by the use of titanium curettes or chitosan brushes at implants registered with BoP and PPD >3 mm. Follow-up examinations and supportive therapy were performed 6, 9, 12, 15 and 18 months post-surgically. Clinical and radiographic assessments were made. RESULTS The percentage of implants registered with inflammation was high at the 6-month baseline examination (>80% bleeding on probing in both test and control group) and remained high throughout the observation period. Similar observations were made for all clinical parameters, and no significant difference was found between test and control groups. CONCLUSIONS In the present study, no statistical significant difference was found when supportive peri-implant treatment was performed with either titanium curettes or chitosan brushes. Within the limits of the study, the results might indicate the need of more effective submucosal cleaning procedures following peri-implant surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Odd Carsten Koldsland
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anne Merete Aass
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Ravidà A, Troiano G, Qazi M, Saleh MHA, Saleh I, Borgnakke WS, Wang H. Dose‐dependent effect of smoking and smoking cessation on periodontitis‐related tooth loss during 10 ‐ 47 years periodontal maintenance—A retrospective study in compliant cohort. J Clin Periodontol 2020; 47:1132-1143. [DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Ravidà
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine School of Dentistry University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA
| | - Giuseppe Troiano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine University of Foggia Foggia Italy
| | - Musa Qazi
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine School of Dentistry University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA
| | - Muhammad H. A. Saleh
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine School of Dentistry University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA
- Department of Periodontics University of Louisville School of Dentistry Louisville KY USA
| | - Islam Saleh
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine School of Dentistry University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA
| | - Wenche S. Borgnakke
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine School of Dentistry University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA
| | - Hom‐Lay Wang
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine School of Dentistry University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA
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Clinical, host-derived immune biomarkers and microbiological outcomes with adjunctive photochemotherapy compared with local antimicrobial therapy in the treatment of peri-implantitis in cigarette smokers. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2020; 30:101684. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.101684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Changing the Focus to the Whole Patient instead of One Oral Disease: The Concept of Individualized Prevention. Adv Prev Med 2020; 2020:6752342. [PMID: 32518697 PMCID: PMC7256733 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6752342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral diseases are highly prevalent and a global burden. Accordingly, their prevention appears essential. Recently, different strategies have been developed, mainly focusing on the presence of singular oral diseases or conditions. This article aims to construct a contemporary concept of individualized preventive care in dentistry whereby the focus is switched from viewing oral health in isolation to viewing the patient as a whole. The basis for individualized prevention measures is the case-oriented profile, including the synthesis of risk- and need-oriented parameters. The risk profile comprises different risk factors within the fields of systemic diseases, medications, and lifestyle that inherently pose a potential risk of complications (e.g., infectious endocarditis) and/or oral diseases (e.g., periodontitis). The needs profile includes factors originating from the aspects of oral diseases, dental restorations/appliances, and dental results with a potential risk of pathogenesis (e.g., the de novo development of caries) and/or the potential progression of oral diseases (e.g., an existing caries lesion). Based on these parameters, the general framework and content of prevention measures, as well as the maintenance interval, should be adapted to the individual patient. The implications of this concept might increase the safety, effectiveness, and efficiency of prevention in dental care. A further area of focus is primary prevention, that is, a focus on the preservation of oral health instead of a disease-related approach. However, clinical validation is needed to prove the benefits of the model presented. Individualized prevention promotes a shift from a disease-focused model to a whole-patient-focused model and provides a potential approach for establishing a contemporary concept for preventive care in dentistry.
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Cieplik F, Ihlenfeld I, Hiller KA, Pummer A, Schmalz G, Buchalla W, Christgau M. Tooth survival and clinical outcomes up to 26 years after guided tissue regeneration therapy in deep intra-bony defects: Follow-up investigation of three randomized clinical trials. J Clin Periodontol 2020; 47:863-874. [PMID: 32390170 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate tooth survival and clinical long-term outcomes up to 26 years following guided tissue regeneration (GTR) therapy in deep intra-bony defects. METHODS Patients from three prospective clinical split-mouth studies, which investigated the outcomes of GTR therapy, were re-evaluated 21-26 years after surgery independent of the membrane type used, and tooth survival was assessed according to several site-specific and patient-related factors. RESULTS About 50 patients contributing 102 defects were available for this long-term follow-up. After up to 26 years (median 23.3 years), 52.9% of the teeth were still in situ. The median survival of the extracted teeth was 13.8 years. Patients with diabetes mellitus and/or smoking history lost significantly more teeth in the long term. Compared to the 1-year situation, there was no new median CAL loss after up to 26 years in the teeth which were still in situ. CONCLUSIONS Within the limitations of this study, our data show that more than 50% of the initially seriously diseased teeth were still in situ up to 26 years following GTR therapy despite an overall limited adherence to SPT. In the majority of these teeth, the CAL gain 1 year after GTR could be maintained over this long period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Cieplik
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Insa Ihlenfeld
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Karl-Anton Hiller
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Pummer
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Gottfried Schmalz
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.,Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Wolfgang Buchalla
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Michael Christgau
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.,Private Practice, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Qiu X, Xu S, Hao Y, Peterson B, Li B, Yang K, Lv X, Zhou Q, Ji Q. Biological effects on tooth root surface topographies induced by various mechanical treatments. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 188:110748. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.110748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Checchi V, Racca F, Bencivenni D, Lo Bianco L. Role of Dental Implant Homecare in Mucositis and Peri-implantitis Prevention: A Literature Overview. Open Dent J 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1874210601913010470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:
Correlation between high plaque index and inflammatory lesions around dental implants has been shown and this highlights the importance of patient plaque control. Until now, knowledge of peri-implant home care practices has been based on periodontal devices.
Objective:
The aim of this overview is to identify the presence of scientific evidence that peri-implant homecare plays a role in mucositis and peri-implantitis prevention.
Methods:
Different databases were used in order to detect publications reflecting the inclusion criteria. The search looked into peri-implant homecare studies published from 1991 to 2019 and the terms used for the identification of keywords were: Dental implants, Brush, Interproximal brushing, Interdental brushing, Power toothbrush, Cleaning, Interdental cleaning, Interspace cleaning, Flossing, Super floss, Mouth rinses, Chlorhexidine. The type of studies included in the selection for this structured review were Randomized Clinical Trials, Controlled Clinical Trials, Systematic Reviews, Reviews, Cohort Studies and Clinical cases.
Results:
Seven studies fulfilled all the inclusion criteria: 3 RCTs, one Consensus report, one cohort study, one systematic review and one review. Other 14 studies that partially met the inclusion criteria were analyzed and classified into 3 different levels of evidence: good evidence for RCTs, fair evidence for case control and cohort studies and poor evidence for expert opinion and case report.
Conclusion:
Not much research has been done regarding homecare implant maintenance. Scientific literature seems to show little evidence regarding these practices therefore most of the current knowledge comes from the periodontal literature. Manual and powered toothbrushes, dental floss and interdental brushes seem to be useful in maintaining peri-implant health. The use of antiseptic rinses or gels does not seem to have any beneficial effects.
It can be concluded that to better understand which are the most effective home care practices to prevent mucositis and peri-implantitis in implant-rehabilitated patients, new specific high evidence studies are needed.
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Müller Campanile V, Megally A, Campanile G, Gayet-Ageron A, Giannopoulou C, Mombelli A. Risk factors for recurrence of periodontal disease in patients in maintenance care in a private practice. J Clin Periodontol 2019; 46:918-926. [PMID: 31271667 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM To assess periodontal and dental conditions in individuals in maintenance care after periodontal therapy in private practice, and to identify risk factors for recurrence of disease and tooth loss. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred patients attending a routine recall visit were included. All had been treated for periodontal disease and were in maintenance since ≥ 2 years. RESULTS Examinations took place 18.0 (±8.71) years after the start of periodontal therapy. A total of 40.1 ± 22.5 recall visits were registered during this time. 91% of the participants had an initial diagnosis of chronic, 9% of aggressive periodontitis. The average participant was 46 years old and had 26 teeth. 283 of 2,549 initially present teeth were lost, half of them being molars. Periodontal and endo-periodontal complications accounted for only 16 lost teeth. The prevalence of all probing depth (PD) categories decreased significantly. The longer the time, the more frequent the recall visits, and the more was spent during the maintenance phase, the greater was the reduction. Multivariate analysis rendered BMI and smoking as factors influencing number of sites with PD ≥ 4 mm and bleeding on probing. CONCLUSION Tooth loss and periodontal tissue damage can be contained over prolonged periods if periodontal disease is treated and patients attend regular maintenance care.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrew Megally
- Division of Periodontology, University Clinic of Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Angèle Gayet-Ageron
- CRC & Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Health and Community Medicine, University Hospitals Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Catherine Giannopoulou
- Division of Periodontology, University Clinic of Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Mombelli
- Division of Periodontology, University Clinic of Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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Guida L, Annunziata M, Esposito U, Sirignano M, Torrisi P, Cecchinato D. 6‐mm‐short and 11‐mm‐long implants compared in the full‐arch rehabilitation of the edentulous mandible: A 3‐year multicenter randomized controlled trial. Clin Oral Implants Res 2019; 31:64-73. [DOI: 10.1111/clr.13547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Guida
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical‐Surgical and Dental Specialties University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli” Naples Italy
- Department of Dentistry, Orthopedics and Rehabilitation University Hospital “Luigi Vanvitelli” Naples Italy
| | - Marco Annunziata
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical‐Surgical and Dental Specialties University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli” Naples Italy
- Department of Dentistry, Orthopedics and Rehabilitation University Hospital “Luigi Vanvitelli” Naples Italy
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Abstract
This volume of Periodontology 2000, entitled "Treatment Trends in Periodontics", evaluates the importance of nonsurgical periodontal therapy and defines its role as the key etiologic treatment of the disease. The need for scaling and root planing is mandatory step during the initial phase of therapy, as is self-care by the patient. Only after reevaluation of the outcome achieved by nonsurgical procedures should surgery be considered, and the concept of "critical probing depth" is emphasized. The chapters in this volume discuss different aspects of periodontal surgery, including regeneration and plastic periodontal procedures, and, looking toward the future, cell therapy in periodontics is explored. The impact of periodontal therapy on systemic diseases is reviewed, and the role of occlusion in periodontal disease is revisited and discussed. Topics on implants include their placement in fresh extraction sockets, socket healing with or without implant placement, and research on osseointegration. The important topic of maintenance care of teeth and implants for long-term therapeutic success is thoroughly evaluated, as is the efficacy of dentifrices in oral hygiene. The editors convey a nutshell review of the concepts of what periodontal treatment should entail, based on scientific evidence generated during half-a-century of work in periodontics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl G Caffesse
- Postgraduate Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Josė J Echeverría
- Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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