1
|
Cai J, Lin Y, Zhou B, Xiao F, Xu G, Lu J. SHARPIN contributes to sevoflurane-induced neonatal neurotoxicity through up-regulating HMGB1 to repress M2 like-macrophage polarization. Metab Brain Dis 2024; 39:841-853. [PMID: 38805141 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-024-01355-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Sevoflurane exposure can result in neurotoxicity especially among children, which remains an important complication after surgery. However, its related mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we investigated the biological roles of SHARPIN in sevoflurane-induced neurotoxicity. As detected by qPCR, Western blotting and immunohistochemical staining, SHARPIN and HMGB1 expression was elevated in sevoflurane-stimulated mice as compared with the control mice. SHARPIN depletion attenuated hippocampus injury, repressed the expression of HMGB1 and M1-like macrophage markers (iNOS, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6), but enhanced the expression of M2-like macrophage markers (ARG-1, IL-10). GST pull-down and Co-IP assays demonstrated that SHARPIN directly interacted with HMGB1 to enhance HMGB1 expression in SH-SY5Y cells. The inhibitory effects of SHARPIN silencing on inflammatory reaction and M1-like macrophages were counteracted by HMGB1 overexpression. Finally, SHARPIN-HMGB1 pathway affected neuroinflammation triggered by sevoflurane via modulating macrophage polarization. Collectively, our data suggested that SHARPIN stimulated sevoflurane-induced neurotoxicity via converting M2-like macrophages to M1-like macrophages by enhancing HMGB1 expression. SHARPIN intervention may be a promising therapeutic method to relieve sevoflurane-induced neurotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junying Cai
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No.1, Minde Road, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No.1, Minde Road, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No.1, Minde Road, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Xiao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No.1, Minde Road, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Guohai Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No.1, Minde Road, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No.1, Minde Road, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ma Y, She X, Liu Y, Qin X. MSC-derived exosomal miR-140-3p improves cognitive dysfunction in sepsis-associated encephalopathy by HMGB1 and S-lactoylglutathione metabolism. Commun Biol 2024; 7:562. [PMID: 38734709 PMCID: PMC11088640 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06236-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
MiRNAs in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-derived exosome (MSCs-exo) play an important role in the treatment of sepsis. We explored the mechanism through which MSCs-exo influences cognitive impairment in sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE). Here, we show that miR-140-3p targeted Hmgb1. MSCs-exo plus miR-140-3p mimic (Exo) and antibiotic imipenem/cilastatin (ABX) improve survival, weight, and cognitive impairment in cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) mice. Exo and ABX inhibit high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), IBA-1, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, iNOS, TNF-α, p65/p-p65, NLRP3, Caspase 1, and GSDMD-N levels. In addition, Exo upregulates S-lactoylglutathione levels in the hippocampus of CLP mice. Our data further demonstrates that Exo and S-lactoylglutathione increase GSH levels in LPS-induced HMC3 cells and decrease LD and GLO2 levels, inhibiting inflammatory responses and pyroptosis. These findings suggest that MSCs-exo-mediated delivery of miR-140-3p ameliorates cognitive impairment in mice with SAE by HMGB1 and S-lactoylglutathione metabolism, providing potential therapeutic targets for the clinical treatment of SAE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Ma
- Department of Transplant Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410013, Changsha, China
| | - Xingguo She
- Department of Transplant Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410013, Changsha, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Pathology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410013, Changsha, China
| | - Xian Qin
- Department of Gynaecology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410013, Changsha, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ferat-Osorio E, Maldonado-García JL, Pavón L. How inflammation influences psychiatric disease. World J Psychiatry 2024; 14:342-349. [PMID: 38617981 PMCID: PMC11008389 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v14.i3.342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent studies highlight the strong correlation between infectious diseases and the development of neuropsychiatric disorders. In this editorial, we comment on the article "Anti-infective therapy durations predict psychological stress and laparoscopic surgery quality in pelvic abscess patients" by Zhang et al, published in the recent issue of the World Journal of Psychiatry 2023; 13 (11): 903-911. Our discussion highlighted the potential consequences of anxiety, depression, and psychosis, which are all linked to bacterial, fungal, and viral infections, which are relevant to the impact of inflammation on the sequelae in mental health as those we are observing after the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. We focus specifically on the immune mechanisms triggered by inflammation, the primary contributor to psychiatric complications. Importantly, pathophysiological mechanisms such as organ damage, post-injury inflammation, and infection-induced endocrine alterations, including hypocortisolism or autoantibody formation, significantly contribute to the development of chronic low-grade inflammation, promoting the emergence or development of psychiatric alterations in susceptible individuals. As inflammation can have long-term effects on patients, a multidisciplinary treatment plan can avoid complications and debilitating health issues, and it is crucial to recognize and address the mental health implications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Ferat-Osorio
- División de Investigación Clínica de la Coordinación de Investigación en Salud, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
| | - José Luis Maldonado-García
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico
- Departamento de Inmunología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico
| | - Lenin Pavón
- Laboratorio de Psicoinmunología, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City 14370, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Cui Q, Qin N, Zhang Y, Miao Y, Xie L, Ma X, Zhang Z, Xie P. Neuroprotective effects of annexin A1 tripeptide in rats with sepsis-associated encephalopathy. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2024. [PMID: 38409880 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is characterized by high incidence and mortality rates, with limited treatment options available. The underlying mechanisms and pathogenesis of SAE remain unclear. Annexin A1 (ANXA1), a membrane-associated protein, is involved in various in vivo pathophysiological processes. This study aimed to explore the neuroprotective effects and mechanisms of a novel bioactive ANXA1 tripeptide (ANXA1sp) in SAE. Forty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 10 each): control, SAE (intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide), vehicle (SAE + normal saline), and ANXA1sp (SAE + ANXA1sp) groups. Changes in serum inflammatory factors (interleukin-6 [IL-6], tumor necrosis factor-α [TNF-α]), hippocampal reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels were measured. The Morris water maze and Y maze tests were used to assess learning and memory capabilities in the rats. Further, changes in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-γ) and apoptosis-related protein expression were detected using western blot. The IL-6, TNF-α, and ROS levels were significantly increased in the SAE group compared with the levels in the control group. Intraperitoneal administration of ANXA1sp led to a significant decrease in the IL-6, TNF-α, and ROS levels (p < 0.05). Compared with the SAE group, the ANXA1sp group exhibited reduced escape latency on day 5, a significant increase in the number of platform crossings and the percent spontaneous alternation, and significantly higher hippocampal MMP and ATP levels (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, the expression level of PPAR-γ protein in the ANXA1sp group was significantly increased compared with that in the other groups (p < 0.05). The expressions of apoptosis-related proteins (nuclear factor-kappa B [NF-κB], Bax, and Caspase-3) in the SAE and vehicle groups were significantly increased, with a noticeable decrease in Bcl-2 expression, compared with that noted in the control group. Moreover, the expressions of NF-κB, Bax, and Caspase-3 were significantly decreased in the ANXA1sp group, and the expression of Bcl-2 was markedly increased (p < 0.05). ANXA1sp can effectively reverse cognitive impairment in rats with SAE. The neuroprotective effect of ANXA1sp may be attributed to the activation of the PPAR-γ pathway, resulting in reduced neuroinflammatory response and inhibition of apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Cui
- Department of Critical Care Medicine of the Third Affiliated Hospital (The First People's Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Nannan Qin
- Department of Critical Care Medicine of the Third Affiliated Hospital (The First People's Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yonghan Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine of the Third Affiliated Hospital (The First People's Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yanmei Miao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine of the Third Affiliated Hospital (The First People's Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Leiyu Xie
- Department of Critical Care Medicine of the Third Affiliated Hospital (The First People's Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Xinglong Ma
- Department of Critical Care Medicine of the Third Affiliated Hospital (The First People's Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Zhiquan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Peng Xie
- Department of Critical Care Medicine of the Third Affiliated Hospital (The First People's Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Vajdi M, Sefidmooye Azar P, Mahmoodpoor A, Dashti F, Sanaie S, Kiani Chalmardi F, Karimi A. A comprehensive insight into the molecular and cellular mechanisms of action of resveratrol on complications of sepsis a systematic review. Phytother Res 2023; 37:3780-3808. [PMID: 37405908 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis and septic shock are still one of the most important medical challenges. Sepsis is an extreme and uncontrolled response of the innate immune system to invading pathogenesis. Resveratrol (3,5,4'-trihydroxytrans-stilbene), is a phenolic and non-flavonoid compound naturally produced by some plants and fruits. The object of the current study is to systematically review the impacts of resveratrol and its mechanisms of function in the management of sepsis and its related complications. The guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statements were applied to perform the study (PROSPERO: CRD42021289357). We searched Embase, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Science Direct, PubMed, ProQuest, and Scopus databases up to January 2023 by using the relevant keywords. Study criteria were met by 72 out of 1415 articles screened. The results of this systematic review depict that resveratrol can reduces the complications of sepsis by affecting inflammatory pathways, oxidative stress, and modulating immune responses. Future human randomized clinical trials are necessary due to the promising therapeutic effects of resveratrol on sepsis complications and the lack of clinical trials in this regard.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Vajdi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Pouria Sefidmooye Azar
- Department of Nutrition and Hospitality Management, School of Applied Sciences, The University of Mississippi, Oxford, Mississippi, USA
| | - Ata Mahmoodpoor
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Dashti
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Sarvin Sanaie
- Research Center for Integrative Medicine in Aging, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Arash Karimi
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Huang X, Wang B, Yang J, Lian YJ, Yu HZ, Wang YX. HMGB1 in depression: An overview of microglial HMBG1 in the pathogenesis of depression. Brain Behav Immun Health 2023; 30:100641. [PMID: 37288063 PMCID: PMC10242493 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2023.100641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression is a prevalent psychiatric disorder with elusive pathogenesis. Studies have proposed that enhancement and persistence of aseptic inflammation in the central nervous system (CNS) may be closely associated with the development of depressive disorder. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) has obtained significant attention as an evoking and regulating factor in various inflammation-related diseases. It is a non-histone DNA-binding protein that can be released as a pro-inflammatory cytokine by glial cells and neurons in the CNS. Microglia, as the immune cell of the brain, interacts with HMGB1 and induces neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in the CNS. Therefore, in the current review, we aim to investigate the role of microglial HMGB1 in the pathogenetic process of depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Huang
- Department of Nautical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- Department of Anaesthesiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Nautical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Department of Occupational Disease, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Anaesthesiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yong-Jie Lian
- Department of Nautical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Hong-Zhang Yu
- Department of Nautical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yun-Xia Wang
- Department of Nautical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
He W, Dong H, Wu C, Zhong Y, Li J. The role of NLRP3 inflammasome in sepsis: A potential therapeutic target. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 115:109697. [PMID: 37724951 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.109697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis is the host immune imbalance following infection and leads to organ dysfunction, with highly complicated pathophysiology. To date, sepsis still lacks effective therapies with high mortality rates. Recently, numerous studies have highlighted the potential of NLRP3 inflammasome as a therapeutic target during sepsis. NLRP3 inflammasome is a protein complex that could induce the activation of caspase-1 and the following release of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β and IL-18. It was demonstrated that NLRP3 inflammasome was involved in the development and progression of sepsis. In contrast, inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome activation could mitigate the inflammatory response, protect organ function, and improve outcomes and mortality. This paper illustrated the activation pathways of the NLRP3 inflammasome and its possible molecular mechanisms in the pathophysiology of sepsis. Meanwhile, the beneficial effects of inhibiting NLRP3 activation in sepsis-related organ damage were also presented. In addition, the diverse role of NLRP3 inflammasome in bacterial clearance was addressed. Of note, several herbal extracts targeting NLRP3 inflammasome in the treatment of sepsis were emphasized. We hope that this paper could provide a basis for further drug research targeting NLRP3 inflammasome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenfang He
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Haiyun Dong
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chenfang Wu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yanjun Zhong
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jinxiu Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
HSF1 Alleviates Brain Injury by Inhibiting NLRP3-Induced Pyroptosis in a Sepsis Model. Mediators Inflamm 2023; 2023:2252255. [PMID: 36741074 PMCID: PMC9897924 DOI: 10.1155/2023/2252255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Sepsis, which could cause a systemic inflammatory response, is a life-threatening disease with a high morbidity and mortality rate. There is evidence that brain injury may be related to severe systemic infection induced by sepsis. The brain injury caused by sepsis could increase the risk of mortality in septic patients, which seriously affects the septic patient's prognosis of survival. Although there remains a focus on sepsis research, clinical measures to prevent and treat brain injury in sepsis are not yet available, and the high mortality rate is still a big health burden. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the new molecules or regulated pathways that can effectively inhibit the progress of sepsis. Objective NLR family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) increased in the procession of sepsis and functioned as the key regulator of pyroptosis. Heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) can protect organs from multiorgan dysfunction syndrome induced by lipopolysaccharides in mice, and NLRP3 could be inhibited by HSF1 in many organs. However, whether HSF1 regulated NLRP3 in sepsis-induced brain injury, as well as the detailed mechanism of HSF1 in brain injury, remains unknown in the sepsis model. In this research, we try to explore the relationship between HSF1 and NLRP3 in a sepsis model and try to reveal the mechanism of HSF1 inhibiting the process of brain injury. Methods In this study, we used wild-type mice and hsf1 -/- mice for in vivo research and PC12 cells for in vitro research. Real-time PCR and Western blot were used to analyze the expression of HSF1, NLRP3, cytokines, and pyrolytic proteins. EthD-III staining was chosen to detect the pyroptosis of the hippocampus and PC12 cells. Results The results showed that HSF1 is negatively related to pyroptosis. The pyroptosis in cells of brain tissue was significantly increased in the hsf1 -/- mouse model compared to hsf1 +/+ mice. In PC12 cells, hsf1 siRNA can upregulate pyroptosis while HSF1-transfected plasmid could inhibit the pyroptosis. HSF1 could negatively regulate the NLRP3 pathway in PC12 cells, while hsf1 siRNA enhanced the pyroptosis in PC12 cells, which could be reversed by nlrp3 siRNA. Conclusion These results imply that HSF1 could alleviate sepsis-induced brain injury by inhibiting pyroptosis through the NLRP3-dependent pathway in brain tissue and PC12 cells, suggesting HSF1 as a potential molecular target for treating brain injury in sepsis clinical studies.
Collapse
|
9
|
Electroacupuncture Alleviates Neuroinflammation by Inhibiting the HMGB1 Signaling Pathway in Rats with Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12121732. [PMID: 36552192 PMCID: PMC9776077 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12121732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy (SAE) is common in sepsis patients, with high mortality rates. It is believed that neuroinflammation is an important mechanism involved in SAE. High mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1), as a late pro-inflammatory factor, is significantly increased during sepsis in different brain regions, including the hippocampus. HMGB1 causes neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment through direct binding to advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). Electroacupuncture (EA) at Baihui (GV20) and Zusanli (ST36) is beneficial for neurological diseases and experimental sepsis. Our study used EA to treat SAE induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in male Sprague-Dawley rats. The Y maze test was performed to assess working memory. Immunofluorescence (IF) and Western blotting (WB) were used to determine neuroinflammation and the HMGB1 signaling pathway. Results showed that EA could improve working memory impairment in rats with SAE. EA alleviated neuroinflammation by downregulating the hippocampus's HMGB1/TLR4 and HMGB1/RAGE signaling, reducing the levels of pro-inflammatory factors, and relieving microglial and astrocyte activation. However, EA did not affect the tight junctions' expression of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in the hippocampus.
Collapse
|
10
|
Andersson U, Yang H. HMGB1 is a critical molecule in the pathogenesis of Gram-negative sepsis. JOURNAL OF INTENSIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2:156-166. [PMID: 36789020 PMCID: PMC9924014 DOI: 10.1016/j.jointm.2022.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Gram-negative sepsis is a severe clinical syndrome associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), expressed on Gram-negative bacteria, is a potent pro-inflammatory toxin that induces inflammation and coagulation via two separate receptor systems. One is Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), expressed on cell surfaces and in endosomes, and the other is the cytosolic receptor caspase-11 (caspases-4 and -5 in humans). Extracellular LPS binds to high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein, a cytokine-like molecule. The HMGB1-LPS complex is transported via receptor for advanced glycated end products (RAGE)-endocytosis to the endolysosomal system to reach the cytosolic LPS receptor caspase-11 to induce HMGB1 release, inflammation, and coagulation that may cause multi-organ failure. The insight that LPS needs HMGB1 assistance to generate severe inflammation has led to successful therapeutic results in preclinical Gram-negative sepsis studies targeting HMGB1. However, to date, no clinical studies have been performed based on this strategy. HMGB1 is also actively released by peripheral sensory nerves and this mechanism is fundamental for the initiation and propagation of inflammation during tissue injury. Homeostasis is achieved when other neurons actively restrict the inflammatory response via monitoring by the central nervous system and the vagus nerve through the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway. The neuronal control in Gram-negative sepsis needs further studies since a deeper understanding of the interplay between HMGB1 and acetylcholine may have beneficial therapeutic implications. Herein, we review the synergistic overlapping mechanisms of LPS and HMGB1 and discuss future treatment opportunities in Gram-negative sepsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ulf Andersson
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute at Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm 17176, Sweden
- Corresponding author: Ulf Andersson, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute at Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm 17176, Sweden.
| | - Huan Yang
- Institute for Bioelectronic Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zheng RZ, Lee KY, Qi ZX, Wang Z, Xu ZY, Wu XH, Mao Y. Neuroinflammation Following Traumatic Brain Injury: Take It Seriously or Not. Front Immunol 2022; 13:855701. [PMID: 35392083 PMCID: PMC8981520 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.855701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with high mortality and disability, with a substantial socioeconomic burden. With the standardization of the treatment process, there is increasing interest in the role that the secondary insult of TBI plays in outcome heterogeneity. The secondary insult is neither detrimental nor beneficial in an absolute sense, among which the inflammatory response was a complex cascade of events and can thus be regarded as a double-edged sword. Therefore, clinicians should take the generation and balance of neuroinflammation following TBI seriously. In this review, we summarize the current human and animal model studies of neuroinflammation and provide a better understanding of the inflammatory response in the different stages of TBI. In particular, advances in neuroinflammation using proteomic and transcriptomic techniques have enabled us to identify a functional specific delineation of the immune cell in TBI patients. Based on recent advances in our understanding of immune cell activation, we present the difference between diffuse axonal injury and focal brain injury. In addition, we give a figurative profiling of the general paradigm in the pre- and post-injury inflammatory settings employing a bow-tie framework.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Zhe Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China.,Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Ministry of Education (MOE) Frontiers Center for Brain Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kuin-Yu Lee
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, Institute of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University Institute of Brain Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zeng-Xin Qi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China.,Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Ministry of Education (MOE) Frontiers Center for Brain Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China.,Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Ministry of Education (MOE) Frontiers Center for Brain Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ze-Yu Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China.,Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Ministry of Education (MOE) Frontiers Center for Brain Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xue-Hai Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China.,Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Ministry of Education (MOE) Frontiers Center for Brain Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Mao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China.,Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Ministry of Education (MOE) Frontiers Center for Brain Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|