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Czekóová K, Shaw DJ, Lamoš M, Špiláková BH, Salazar M, Roman R, Brázdil M. A high-density EEG investigation into the neurocognitive mechanisms underlying differences between personality profiles in social information processing. Scand J Psychol 2022; 63:484-494. [PMID: 35524466 DOI: 10.1111/sjop.12824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated whether differences between personality styles in the processing of social stimuli reflect variability in underlying general-purpose or social-specific neurocognitive mechanisms. Sixty-five individuals classified previously into two distinct personality profiles underwent high-density electroencephalography whilst performing tasks that tap into both aspects of cognitive processing - namely, two distinct facets of general-purpose response inhibition (interference resolution and action withholding) during social information processing. To determine the stage of processing at which personality differences manifest, we assessed event-related components associated with the early visual discrimination of social stimuli (N170, N190) and later more general conflict-related processes (N2, P3). Although a performance index of interference resolution was comparable between the personality profiles, differences were detected in action withholding. Specifically, individuals expressing a wider repertoire of personality styles and more adaptive emotion regulation performed significantly better at withholding inappropriate actions to neutral faces presented in emotional contexts compared with those exhibiting stronger preferences for fewer and less adaptive personality styles and more ruminative affective tendencies. At the neurophysiological level, however, difference between the profiles was observed in brain responses elicited to the same stimuli within the N170. These results indicate that neural processes related to early visual discrimination might contribute to differences in the suppression of inappropriate responses towards social stimuli in populations with different personality dispositions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristína Czekóová
- Behavioural and Social Neuroscience, Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia.,Institue of Psychology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czechia
| | - Daniel Joel Shaw
- Behavioural and Social Neuroscience, Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia.,School of Psychology, College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Martin Lamoš
- Multimodal and Functional Neuroimaging, Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Beáta Havlice Špiláková
- Behavioural and Social Neuroscience, Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Miguel Salazar
- Behavioural and Social Neuroscience, Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Robert Roman
- Behavioural and Social Neuroscience, Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Milan Brázdil
- Behavioural and Social Neuroscience, Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia.,First Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University and St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czechia
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Multivariate morphological brain signatures enable individualized prediction of dispositional need for closure. Brain Imaging Behav 2021; 16:1049-1064. [PMID: 34724163 PMCID: PMC8558548 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-021-00574-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Need for closure (NFC) reflects stable individual differences in the desire for a quick, definite, and stable answer to a question. A large body of research has documented the association between NFC and various cognitive, emotional and social processes. Despite considerable interest in psychology, little effort has been made to uncover the neural substrates of individual variations in NFC. Herein, we took a data-driven approach to predict NFC trait combining machine learning framework and the whole-brain grey matter volume (GMV) features, which represent a reliable brain imaging measure and have been commonly employed to explore neural basis underlying individual differences of cognition and behaviors. Brain regions contributing to the prediction were then subjected to functional connectivity and decoding analyses for a quantitative inference on their psychophysiological functions. Our results indicated that multivariate patterns of GMV derived from multiple regions across distributed brain systems predicted NFC at individual level. The contributing regions are distributed across the emotional processing network (e.g., striatum), cognitive control network (e.g., lateral prefrontal cortex), social cognition network (e.g., temporoparietal junction) and perceptual processing network (e.g., occipital cortex). The current study provided the first evidence that dispositional NFC is embodied in multiple large-scale brain networks, helping to delineate a more complete picture about the neuropsychological processes that support individual differences in NFC. Beyond these findings, the current interdisciplinary approach to constructing and interpreting neuroimaging-based prediction model of personality traits would be informative to a wide range of future studies on personality.
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Yokota Y, Naruse Y. Temporal Fluctuation of Mood in Gaming Task Modulates Feedback Negativity: EEG Study With Virtual Reality. Front Hum Neurosci 2021; 15:536288. [PMID: 34149374 PMCID: PMC8209254 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.536288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Feedback outcomes are generally classified into positive and negative feedback. People often predict a feedback outcome with information that is based on both objective facts and uncertain subjective information, such as a mood. For example, if an action leads to good results consecutively, people performing the action overestimate the behavioral result of the next action. In electroencephalogram measurements, negative feedback evokes negative potential, called feedback negativity, and positive feedback evokes positive potential, called reward positivity. The present study investigated the relationship between the degree of the mood caused by the feedback outcome and the error-related brain potentials. We measured the electroencephalogram activity while the participants played a virtual reality shooting game. The experimental task was to shoot down a cannonball flying toward the player using a handgun. The task difficulty was determined from the size and curve of the flying cannonball. These gaming parameters affected the outcome probability of shooting the target in the game. We also implemented configurations in the game, such as the player’s life points and play times. These configurations affected the outcome magnitude of shooting the target in the game. Moreover, we used the temporal accuracy of shooting in the game as the parameter of the mood. We investigated the relationship between these experimental features and the event-related potentials using the single-trial-based linear mixed-effects model analysis. The feedback negativity was observed at an error trial, and its amplitude was modulated with the outcome probability and the mood. Conversely, reward positivity was observed at hit trials, but its amplitude was modulated with the outcome probability and outcome magnitude. This result suggests that feedback negativity is enhanced according to not only the feedback probability but also the mood that was changed depending on the temporal gaming outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Yokota
- Center for Information and Neural Networks (CiNet), National Institute of Information and Communications Technology and Osaka University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yasushi Naruse
- Center for Information and Neural Networks (CiNet), National Institute of Information and Communications Technology and Osaka University, Kobe, Japan
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Zheng Y, Mei S, Yi W, Li Q, Liu X. Abnormal performance monitoring but intact response inhibition in sensation seeking. Psychophysiology 2019; 56:e13373. [PMID: 30932201 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.13373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The sensation-seeking trait is a potential endophenotype for various addictive behaviors. Using a nonclinical sample, the current ERP study examined the effects of sensation seeking on performance monitoring and response inhibition. Twenty high sensation seekers and 21 low sensation seekers were selected from a large sample based on their sensation-seeking score and performed a stop-signal task while their EEG was recorded. High relative to low sensation seekers displayed similar response inhibition in terms of performance measure and stop-P3 amplitudes. Compared to low sensation seekers, however, high sensation seekers exhibited a reduced stop-N2 for unsuccessful, but not successful, inhibition. Moreover, an enhanced go-N2 in response to go signals was observed for high versus low sensation seekers, irrespective of whether the go signals were followed by a stop signal or not. Together, our findings suggest that sensation seeking in nonclinical populations is related to individual variability in performance monitoring rather than response inhibition, which provides important implications for the prevention and intervention of addictive behaviors that are driven by trait sensation seeking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Zheng
- Department of Psychology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Shuting Mei
- Department of Psychology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Wei Yi
- Department of Psychology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qi Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xun Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Senderecka M, Kossowska M, Sekerdej M, Szewczyk J. Religious fundamentalism is associated with hyperactive performance monitoring: ERP evidence from correct and erroneous responses. Biol Psychol 2018; 140:96-107. [PMID: 30552949 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2018.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to examine whether action monitoring is associated with religious fundamentalism. Participants performed a stop-signal task that required response inhibition to a simple auditory tone. The level of their religious fundamentalism was measured on a scale. Analysis with mixed-effects linear models revealed significantly larger error-related negativity, correct-related negativity, and post-error positivity components in individuals scoring higher on religious fundamentalism, pointing to their increased engagement in response monitoring. However, it was not accompanied by improved behavioral performance. The electrophysiological results of our study suggest that individuals high in religious fundamentalism engage more in monitoring for conflict between outcomes of their actions and standards of correct behavior. Our findings also point to a possible association between a fundamentalist mindset and higher levels of negative affect, uncertainty, anxiety, and distress, as measured by response-related brain activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Senderecka
- Institute of Philosophy, Jagiellonian University, Grodzka 52, 31-044 Kraków, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Kossowska
- Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 6, 30-060 Kraków, Poland
| | - Maciej Sekerdej
- Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 6, 30-060 Kraków, Poland
| | - Jakub Szewczyk
- Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 6, 30-060 Kraków, Poland
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