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Reyes Del Paso GA, Montoro CI, Jennings JR, Duschek S. Experimental carotid baroreceptor stimulation reduces blood flow velocities in the anterior and middle cerebral arteries of healthy individuals. J Physiol Sci 2023; 73:13. [PMID: 37312034 DOI: 10.1186/s12576-023-00871-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated effects of experimental baroreceptor stimulation on bilateral blood flow velocities in the anterior and middle cerebral arteries (ACA and MCA) using functional transcranial Doppler sonography. Carotid baroreceptors were stimulated by neck suction in 33 healthy participants. Therefore, negative pressure (- 50 mmHg) was applied; neck pressure (+ 10 mmHg) was used as a control condition. Heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) were also continuously recorded. Neck suction led to reductions in bilateral ACA and MCA blood flow velocities, which accompanied the expected HR and BP decreases; HR and BP decreases correlated positively with the ACA flow velocity decline. The observations suggest reduction of blood flow in the perfusion territories of the ACA and MCA during baroreceptor stimulation. Baroreceptor-related HR and BP decreases may contribute to the cerebral blood flow decline. The findings underline the interaction between peripheral and cerebral hemodynamic regulation in autoregulatory control of cerebral perfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - J Richard Jennings
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Stefan Duschek
- UMIT TIROL - University for Health Sciences and Technology, Hall in Tirol, Austria
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Ladthavorlaphatt K, Surti FBS, Beishon LC, Panerai RB, Robinson TG. Challenging neurovascular coupling through complex and variable duration cognitive paradigms: A subcomponent analysis. Med Eng Phys 2022; 110:103921. [PMID: 36564144 DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2022.103921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
A similar pattern of cerebral blood velocity (CBv) response has been observed for neurovascular coupling (NVC) assessment with cognitive tasks of varying complexity and duration. This lack of specificity could result from parallel changes in arterial blood pressure (BP) and PaCO2, which could confound the estimates of NVC integrity. Healthy participants (n = 16) underwent recordings at rest (5 min sitting) and during randomized paradigms of different complexity (naming words (NW) beginning with P-, R-, V- words and serial subtractions (SS) of 100-2, 100-7, 1000-17, with durations of 5, 30 and 60 s). Bilateral CBv (middle cerebral arteries, transcranial Doppler), end-tidal CO2 (EtCO2, capnography), blood pressure (BP, Finapres) and heart rate (HR, ECG) were recorded continuously. The bilateral CBv response to all paradigms was classified under objective criteria to select only responders, then the repeated data were averaged between visits. Bilateral CBv change to tasks was decomposed into the relative contributions (subcomponents) of arterial BP (VBP; neurogenic), critical closing pressure (VCrCP; metabolic) and resistance area product (VRAP; myogenic). A temporal effect was demonstrated in bilateral VBP and VRAP during all tasks (p<0.002), increased VBP early (between 0 and 10 s) and followed by decreases of VRAP late (25-35 s) in the response. VCrCP varied by complexity and duration (p<0.046). The main contributions to CBv responses to cognitive tasks of different complexity and duration were VBP and VRAP, whilst a smaller contribution from VCrCP would suggest sensitivity to metabolic demands. Further studies are needed to assess the influence of different paradigms, ageing and cerebrovascular conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kannaphob Ladthavorlaphatt
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Leicester Royal Infirmary, University of Leicester, Level 4, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester LE2 7LX, United Kingdom; Medical Diagnostics Unit, Thammasat University Hospital, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand.
| | - Farhaana B S Surti
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Leicester Royal Infirmary, University of Leicester, Level 4, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester LE2 7LX, United Kingdom
| | - Lucy C Beishon
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Leicester Royal Infirmary, University of Leicester, Level 4, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester LE2 7LX, United Kingdom; NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Ronney B Panerai
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Leicester Royal Infirmary, University of Leicester, Level 4, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester LE2 7LX, United Kingdom; NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Thompson G Robinson
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Leicester Royal Infirmary, University of Leicester, Level 4, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester LE2 7LX, United Kingdom; NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom
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Bair A, Marksteiner J, Stöcklein T, Reyes del Paso GA, Duschek S. Parasympathetic cardiac control during attentional focus and worry in major depressive disorder. Int J Psychophysiol 2022; 177:1-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2022.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Intharakham K, Panerai RB, Robinson TG. The scalability of common paradigms for assessment of cognitive function: A functional transcranial Doppler study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0266048. [PMID: 35344567 PMCID: PMC8959162 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive paradigms induce changes in cerebral blood flow (CBF) associated with increased metabolic demand, namely neurovascular coupling (NVC). We tested the hypothesis that the effect of complexity and duration of cognitive paradigms will either enhance or inhibit the NVC response. Bilateral CBF velocity (CBFV) in the middle cerebral arteries (MCAs) via transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD), blood pressure (BP), electrocardiogram (ECG) and end-tidal CO2 (EtCO2) of 16 healthy participants (aged 21–71 years) were simultaneously recorded at rest and during randomized paradigms of different complexities (naming words beginning with P-,R-,V- words and serial subtractions of 100–2,100–7,1000–17), and durations (5s, 30s and 60s). CBFV responses were population mean normalized from a 30-s baseline period prior to task initiation. A significant increase in bilateral CBFV response was observed at the start of all paradigms and provided a similar pattern in most responses, irrespective of complexity or duration. Although significant inter-hemispherical differences were found during performance of R-word and all serial subtraction paradigms, no lateralisation was observed in more complex naming word tasks. Also, the effect of duration was manifested at late stages of 100–7, but not for other paradigms. CBFV responses could not distinguish different levels of complexity or duration with a single presentation of the cognitive paradigm. Further studies of the ordinal scalability of the NVC response are needed with more advanced modelling techniques, or different types of neural stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kannakorn Intharakham
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Ronney B. Panerai
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Thompson G. Robinson
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom
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Bair A, Reyes Del Paso GA, Duschek S. Parasympathetic cardiac control and attentional focus in trait worry. Int J Psychophysiol 2020; 162:181-189. [PMID: 32437724 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2020.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Trait worry refers to a tendency toward increased vigilance to threat and reduced tolerance of uncertainty. While it has been established as a risk factor of general morbidity, knowledge about autonomic regulation in trait worry remains scarce. This study investigated parasympathetic cardiac control in trait worry, in the context of attentional focus. Healthy groups with high and low worry were selected using the Penn State Worry Questionnaire (n = 40 per group). Heart rate variability (HRV) was recorded in the high frequency (HF) and low frequency (LF) bands while participants performed a breathing focus task. The task included a phase of instructed worry and two phases during which participants´ ability to concentrate on their breathing was assessed. As compared to the low worry group, the high worry group exhibited lower HRV in the LF band during both breathing focus phases and smaller reduction of LF HRV during instructed worry. HF HRV did not differ between groups. High worry was associated with impaired ability to concentrate on breathing and more intrusive thoughts. In the total sample, negative intrusions correlated negatively with LF HRV during the first breathing focus phase and LF HRV reactivity. Instructed worry led to greater perceived stress and deterioration of mood in high worry participants. Reduced LF HRV reflects blunted parasympathetic cardiac control in trait worry, associated with elevated risk of poor health outcomes. In addition, it might represent a psychophysiological correlate of reduced cognitive inhibition, which interferes with attentional focus and impedes control of threat processing and perseverative thinking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Bair
- UMIT - University of Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, Institute of Psychology, Hall in Tirol, Austria.
| | | | - Stefan Duschek
- UMIT - University of Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, Institute of Psychology, Hall in Tirol, Austria
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