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Park HJ, Yun JI, Kim M, Choi K, Lee E, Lee ST. Screening of Integrin Heterodimers Expressed Functionally on the Undifferentiated Spermatogonial Stem Cells in the Outbred ICR Mice. Int J Stem Cells 2020; 13:353-363. [PMID: 32840227 PMCID: PMC7691863 DOI: 10.15283/ijsc20061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives Outbred mice are widely used in toxicology, pharmacology, and fundamental biomedical research. However, there have been no reports of in vitro culture systems for spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) derived from these mice. Methods As a step towards constructing a non-cellular niche supporting the in vitro maintenance of outbred mouse SSC self-renewal, we systematically investigated the types of integrin heterodimers that are expressed transcriptionally, translationally, and functionally in SSCs derived from Imprinting Control Region (ICR) mice. Results Among the genes encoding 25 integrin subunits, integrin α1, α5, α6, α9, αV, and αE, and integrin β1 and β5 had significantly higher transcriptional levels than the other subunits. Furthermore, at the translational level, integrin α5, α6, α9, αV, αE, and β1 were localized on the surface of SSCs, but integrin α1 and β5 not. Moreover, significantly stronger translational expression than integrin α9 and αE was observed in integrin α5, α6, αV, and β1. SSCs showed significantly increased adhesion to fibronectin, laminin, tenascin C and vitronectin, and functional blocking of integrin α5β1, α6β1, α9β1 or αVβ1 significantly inhibited adhesion to these molecules. Conclusions We confirmed that integrin α5β1, α6β1, α9β1 and αVβ1 actively function on the surface of undifferentiated SSCs derived from outbred ICR mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Jin Park
- Department of Animal Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | | | - Minseok Kim
- Department of Animal Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | | | - Eunsong Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Seung Tae Lee
- Department of Animal Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea.,KustoGen Inc., Chuncheon, Korea.,Department of Applied Animal Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
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Mohaqiq M, Movahedin M, Mazaheri Z, Amirjannati N. The mouse testis tissue culture could resume spermatogenesis as same as in vivo condition after human spermatogonial stem cells transplantation. Rev Int Androl 2020; 19:112-122. [PMID: 32513561 DOI: 10.1016/j.androl.2019.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The introduction of alternative systems in vivo is very important for cancer patients who are treated with gonadotoxic treatment. In this study, we examine the progression of the spermatogenesis process after human spermatogonial stem cell (SSCs) transplantation in vivo and in tissue culture conditions. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human SSCs were obtained from a Testicular Sperm Extractions (TESE) sample, and characterization of these cells was confirmed by detecting the promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger (PLZF) protein. These cells, after being labeled with Di-alkyl Indocarbocyanine (DiI), were transplanted to adult azoospermia mouse testes treated with Busulfan 40mg/kg. The host testicular tissue culture was then considered a test group and in vivo transplant a control group. After 8 weeks, immunohistochemical, morphometric and molecular studies were performed. RESULTS The results of morphometric studies indicated that the mean number of spermatogonia, spermatocytes, and spermatids in the test groups was significantly lower than in the control group (P<0.05) and most of the cells responded positively to DiI tracing. Immunohistochemical study in both groups revealed expression of PLZF, Synaptonemal complex protein 3 (SCP3) and Acrosin Binding Protein (ACRBP) proteins in spermatogonial cells, spermatocyte and spermatozoa, respectively. Also, PLZF, Transition Protein 1 (TP1) and Tektin-1 (Tekt1) human-specific genes had a significant difference in the between test groups and control groups (P<0.05) in molecular studies. CONCLUSION These results suggest that the conditions of testicular tissue culture after transplantation of SSCs can support spermatogenesis resumption, as well as in an in vivo condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Mohaqiq
- Paraclinic Department, Medicine Faculty, Kateb University, Kabul, Afghanistan; Stem Cell Department, Medical Research Center, Kateb University, Kabul, Afghanistan.
| | - Mansoureh Movahedin
- Anatomical Sciences Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zohreh Mazaheri
- Basic Medical Science Research Center, Histogenotech Company, Tehran, Iran
| | - Naser Amirjannati
- Department of Andrology and Embryology, Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
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Bedford-Guaus SJ, Kim S, Mulero L, Vaquero JM, Morera C, Adan-Milanès R, Veiga A, Raya Á. Molecular markers of putative spermatogonial stem cells in the domestic cat. Reprod Domest Anim 2016; 52 Suppl 2:177-186. [PMID: 28402059 DOI: 10.1111/rda.12819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) are an important tool for fertility preservation and species conservation. The ability to expand SSCs by in vitro culture is a crucial premise for their use in assisted reproduction. Because SSCs represent a small proportion of the germ cells in the adult testis, culture success is aided by pre-enrichment through sorting techniques based on cell surface-specific markers. Given the importance of the domestic cat as a model for conservation of endangered wild felids, herein we sought to examine culture conditions as well as molecular markers for cat SSCs. Using a cell culture medium for mouse SSCs supplemented with glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), germ cells from prepuberal cat testes remained viable in culture for up to 43 days. Immunohistochemistry for promyelocytic leukaemia zinc finger (PLZF) protein on foetal, prepuberal and adult testis sections revealed a pattern of expression consistent with the labelling of undifferentiated spermatogonia. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) with an antibody against epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EPCAM) was used to sort live cells. Then, the gene expression profile of EPCAM-sorted cells was investigated through RT-qPCR. Notably, EPCAM (+) cells expressed relatively high levels of CKIT (CD117), a surface protein typically expressed in differentiating germ cells but not SSCs. Conversely, EPCAM (-) cells expressed relatively high levels of POU domain class 5 transcription factor 1 (POU1F5 or OCT4), clearly a germ line stem cell marker. These results suggest that cat SSCs would probably be found within the population of EPCAM (-) cells. Future studies should identify additional surface markers that alone or in combination can be used to further enrich SSCs from cat germ cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Bedford-Guaus
- Center for Regenerative Medicine (CMRB), Barcelona, Spain.,Center for Networked Biomedical Research on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - S Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - L Mulero
- Center for Regenerative Medicine (CMRB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - J M Vaquero
- Center for Regenerative Medicine (CMRB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Morera
- Center for Regenerative Medicine (CMRB), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - A Veiga
- Center for Regenerative Medicine (CMRB), Barcelona, Spain.,Reproductive Medicine Service, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Hospital Universitari Quirón-Dexeus, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Á Raya
- Center for Regenerative Medicine (CMRB), Barcelona, Spain.,Center for Networked Biomedical Research on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Barcelona, Spain
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González R, Dobrinski I. Beyond the mouse monopoly: studying the male germ line in domestic animal models. ILAR J 2016; 56:83-98. [PMID: 25991701 DOI: 10.1093/ilar/ilv004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) are the foundation of spermatogenesis and essential to maintain the continuous production of spermatozoa after the onset of puberty in the male. The study of the male germ line is important for understanding the process of spermatogenesis, unravelling mechanisms of stemness maintenance, cell differentiation, and cell-to-cell interactions. The transplantation of SSCs can contribute to the preservation of the genome of valuable individuals in assisted reproduction programs. In addition to the importance of SSCs for male fertility, their study has recently stimulated interest in the generation of genetically modified animals because manipulations of the male germ line at the SSC stage will be maintained in the long term and transmitted to the offspring. Studies performed mainly in the mouse model have laid the groundwork for facilitating advancements in the field of male germ line biology, but more progress is needed in nonrodent species in order to translate the technology to the agricultural and biomedical fields. The lack of reliable markers for isolating germ cells from testicular somatic cells and the lack of knowledge of the requirements for germ cell maintenance have precluded their long-term maintenance in domestic animals. Nevertheless, some progress has been made. In this review, we will focus on the state of the art in the isolation, characterization, culture, and manipulation of SSCs and the use of germ cell transplantation in domestic animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel González
- Raquel González, DVM, PhD, is a postdoctoral research fellow at the Department of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada. Ina Dobrinski, DVM, MVSc, PhD, Dipl ACT, is a professor and the head of the Department of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada
| | - Ina Dobrinski
- Raquel González, DVM, PhD, is a postdoctoral research fellow at the Department of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada. Ina Dobrinski, DVM, MVSc, PhD, Dipl ACT, is a professor and the head of the Department of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada
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Cai H, Wu JY, An XL, Zhao XX, Wang ZZ, Tang B, Yue ZP, Li ZY, Zhang XM. Enrichment and culture of spermatogonia from cryopreserved adult bovine testis tissue. Anim Reprod Sci 2016; 166:109-15. [PMID: 26778123 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2016.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 01/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Propagation of bovine spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) from the cryopreserved testicular tissue is essential for the application of SSCs-related techniques. To explore the appropriate conditions for in vitro culture of bovine spermatogonia (containing putative SSCs), Sertoli cell monolayer and serum concentration were set as two main control factors. Morphological examination showed that the intactness and structure of adult bovine testicular tissue were well maintained after cryopreservation. The enriched bovine spermatogonia were large round CD9 and promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger protein (PLZF) positive cells, with high nucleocytoplasmic ratios and multiple types including single, paired-, aligned-cells or grape cluster-like colonies in vitro. In Sertoli cell co-culture system, bovine spermatogonia attached quickly and proliferated obviously faster than those in the system without Sertoli cells. Serum-free media was no good for the attachment and proliferation of bovine spermatogonia. When 2.5%, 5% and 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) was employed in the media, spermatogonia attached easily and divided quickly to form paired-, chained-cells or grape cluster-like colonies with comparable percentages in all groups. However, the contaminated somatic cells proliferated robustly in groups containing 5% and 10% FBS. Together, bovine spermatognia isolated from cryopreserved adult testis tissue express CD9 and PLZF, can survive and proliferate conspicuously in Sertoli cell co-culture system, and low serum provides an optimal condition for the survival and proliferation of bovine spermatogonia because of avoiding the rapid growth of testis somatic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Cai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin, China
| | - Jian-Ying Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin, China;; Department of Laboratory Medicines, the 90th Hospital of Jinan, Jinan 250031, Shandong, China
| | - Xing-Lan An
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin, China
| | - Xin-Xin Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin, China
| | - Zheng-Zhu Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin, China
| | - Bo Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin, China
| | - Zhan-Peng Yue
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin, China
| | - Zi-Yi Li
- State & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Animal Models of Human Diseases, the First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin, China
| | - Xue-Ming Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin, China;.
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Tiptanavattana N, Radtanakatikanon A, Hyttel P, Holm H, Buranapraditkun S, Setthawong P, Techakumphu M, Tharasanit T. Determination phase at transition of gonocytes to spermatogonial stem cells improves establishment efficiency of spermatogonial stem cells in domestic cats. J Reprod Dev 2015; 61:581-8. [PMID: 26411537 PMCID: PMC4685225 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2015-094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of germ cells has not been entirely documented in the cat especially the transition phase of
the gonocyte to the spermatogonial stem cell (G/SSC). The aims of study were to examine testicular development
and to identify the G/SSC transition in order to isolate and culture SSCs in vitro. Testes
were divided into 3 groups according to donor age (I, < 4 months; II, 4–6 months; and III, > 6 months).
In Exp. 1, we studied testicular development by histology, transmission electron microscopy and
immunohistochemistry. In Exp. 2, we determined the expression of GFRα-1, DDX-4 and c-kit and performed flow
cytometry. The SSCs isolated from groups II and III were characterized by RT-PCR and TEM (Exp. 3).
Chronological changes in the G/SSC transition were demonstrated. The size, morphology and ultrastructure of
SSCs were distinguishable from those of gonocytes. The results demonstrated that group II contained the
highest numbers of SSCs per seminiferous cord/tubule (17.66 ± 2.20%) and GFRα-1+ cells (14.89 ±
5.66%) compared with the other groups. The findings coincided with an increased efficiency of SSC derivation
in group II compared with group III (74.33 ± 2.64% vs. 23.33 ± 2.23%). The colonies expressed
mRNA for GFRA1, ZBTB16, RET and POU5F1.
Our study found that the G/SSC transition occurs at 4–6 months of age. This period is useful for isolation and
improves the establishment efficiency of cat SSCs in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narong Tiptanavattana
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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Tiptanavattana N, Techakumphu M, Tharasanit T. Simplified isolation and enrichment of spermatogonial stem-like cells from pubertal domestic cats (Felis catus). J Vet Med Sci 2015; 77:1347-53. [PMID: 26074411 PMCID: PMC4667649 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.15-0207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The efficiency of spermatogonial stem cell (SSC) isolation and culture from pubertal
donors is currently poor primarily, because of contamination with other testicular cells.
This study aimed to purify SSC-like cells using different extracellular matrixes and a
discontinuous gradient density. In experiment 1, testes (n=6) were analyzed for histology
and SSC-related protein expressions (laminin, SSEA-4, DDX-4 and GFRα-1). After enzymatic
digestion, the cell suspension was plated onto either a laminin- or gelatin-coated dish.
The number of SSC-like cells was determined at 15, 30 and 60 min of culture (experiment
2). Experiment 3 was performed to test whether or not the additional step of Percoll
gradient density centrifugation could really improve purification of SSC-like cells.
Testicular histology revealed complete spermatogenesis with laminin expression essentially
at the basal lamina of the seminiferous tubules. SSEA-4 and GFRα-1 co-localized with DDX-4
in the spermatogonia. The relative percentage of SSC-like cells, as determined by cells
expressing SSEA-4 (59.42 ± 2.18%) and GFRα-1 (42.70 ± 1.28%), revealed that the highest
SSC-like cell purity was obtained with the 15-min laminin-coated dish compared with other
incubation times and gelatin treatment (P<0.05). Percoll treatment
prior to laminin selection (15 min) significantly improved SSC-like cell recovery (91.33 ±
0.14%, P<0.001) and purity (83.82 ± 2.05% for SSEA-4 and 64.39 ± 1.51%
for GFRα-1, P<0.05). These attached cells demonstrated a typical
SSC-like cell morphology and also expressed POU5F1, RET
and ZBTB16 mRNA. In conclusion, double enrichment with Percoll gradient
density centrifugation and laminin plating highly enriched the SSC-like cells
population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narong Tiptanavattana
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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