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Owczarzak EJ, Grotenrath N, Carlson H, Mamedova L, Bradford BJ, Abuelo A. Evaluation of a portable fluorometer for the quantification of vitamin E in blood at key physiological stages of dairy cattle. JDS COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 5:344-349. [PMID: 39220848 PMCID: PMC11365338 DOI: 10.3168/jdsc.2023-0520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Vitamin E is essential in mitigating the impact of oxidative stress on periparturient dairy cows and neonatal calves. Therefore, it is essential to measure circulating vitamin E concentrations accurately. Currently, the only reliable method is an expensive and time-consuming procedure using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). However, a cheaper and faster method has been developed, which allows the quantification of circulating vitamin E through the use of a handheld fluorometric analyzer (HFA) called the vitamin E iCheck (BioAnalyt GmbH). Our objective was to compare the accuracy of the HFA to the reference LC-MS method for measuring vitamin E in bovine samples. A total of 177 samples collected for other studies were used: 98 newborn calf serum samples from a vitamin E supplementation study (including treated and control animals) and 79 whole-blood samples from cows 1 to 7 d postcalving. Vitamin E concentrations were measured on thawed calf serum and fresh cow EDTA blood using the HFA, following the manufacturer's instructions. Whole blood from cows was then centrifuged to obtain plasma. Vitamin E was also quantified in calf serum and cow plasma at the Michigan State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory using LC-MS. Calf and cow results were analyzed separately because they represent different biological matrices and physiological times. In each dataset, results between the HFA and LC-MS determinations were compared using Passing-Bablok regressions and Bland-Altman plots. The HFA showed a poor linear relationship with LC-MS for calf serum and cow plasma (intercept = 0.33 and 0.67 μg/mL, respectively). The HFA unreliably estimated vitamin E, with a mean bias of -3.2 and 0.6 μg/mL for calves (vitamin E concentration range: 0.28 to 30.75 μg/mL) and cows (0.8 to 5.88 μg/mL), respectively. Moreover, 40.4% of the calf samples read below the linear range of acceptable results for the HFA, making it unsuitable for this age group. Hence, under the conditions of our study, the HFA yielded unreliable results and cannot be recommended for field use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric J. Owczarzak
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
| | - Nick Grotenrath
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
| | - Hannah Carlson
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
| | - Laman Mamedova
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
| | - Barry J. Bradford
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
| | - Angel Abuelo
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
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Malledevarahalli Chandrappa S, Pascottini OB, Opsomer G, Meineri G, Martino NA, Banchi P, Vincenti L, Ricci A. Circulating and endometrial cell oxidative stress in dairy cows diagnosed with metritis. Theriogenology 2023; 198:217-223. [PMID: 36610371 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.12.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Dairy cows diagnosed with metritis may experience a greater degree of oxidative stress (OS) and a deficit in the antioxidative capacity compared to healthy cows. We aimed to assess circulating OS markers and endometrial cell mitochondrial function, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and mean endometrial nuclear cell area in postpartum cows diagnosed with metritis or as healthy. From an initial pool of 121 Holstein cows, we retrospectively selected 34 cows and balanced for metritis (n = 17) or healthy (n = 17). Metritis was defined as an enlarged uterus with red-brown watery or thick off-white purulent discharge occurring within 21 days postpartum. Cows with no signs of clinical disease (including dystocia or retained placenta) were referred to as healthy. Blood samples for serum reactive oxygen metabolites (d-ROM), antioxidants (OXY), and oxidative status index (OSI) tests, evaluated via photometric determination of plasma thiols, were performed at 7, 14, 21, 28, and 35 days postpartum. Furthermore, from the initial pool, a random subset of 5 cows diagnosed with metritis and 6 diagnosed as healthy we collected (at the same time points as for the blood samples) endometrial cytology samples using the cytobrush technique. From the uterine samples, we evaluated the endometrial cell mitochondrial function, intracellular ROS levels, and the endometrial cell nuclear area using MitoTracker Orange, dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate, and Hoechst 33258, respectively. Mixed linear regression models, accounting for repeated measurements, were fitted to assess the effect of metritis versus healthy on circulating and endometrial cell OS parameters and endometrial cell size. The effect of days postpartum and its interaction with uterine health status were forced into each model. Serum concentrations of d-ROMs and OSI were greater in metritis at 7, 14, and 35 days postpartum than in healthy cows. Interestingly, the mean endometrial cell nuclear area was lower in metritis than healthy cows at 14 and 21 days postpartum. We found no differences between metritis and healthy for endometrial cell mitochondrial function and intracellular ROS production. In conclusion, cows diagnosed with metritis experienced greater systemic OS levels than healthy cows, but their OS was not higher in the uterine milieu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjana Malledevarahalli Chandrappa
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, 10095, Grugliasco, Italy; Department of Internal Medicine, Reproduction and Population Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium.
| | - Osvaldo Bogado Pascottini
- Department of Internal Medicine, Reproduction and Population Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium; Laboratory for Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Geert Opsomer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Reproduction and Population Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Giorgia Meineri
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, 10095, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Nicola Antonio Martino
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies & Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Valenzano, Bari, Italy
| | - Penelope Banchi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, 10095, Grugliasco, Italy; Department of Internal Medicine, Reproduction and Population Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Leila Vincenti
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, 10095, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Alessandro Ricci
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, 10095, Grugliasco, Italy
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Ali I, Li C, Kuang M, Shah AU, Shafiq M, Ahmad MA, Abdalmegeed D, Li L, Wang G. Nrf2 Activation and NF-Kb & caspase/bax signaling inhibition by sodium butyrate alleviates LPS-induced cell injury in bovine mammary epithelial cells. Mol Immunol 2022; 148:54-67. [PMID: 35671559 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2022.05.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Mastitis, an inflammation of the mammary gland, is a complex disease that affects the health of dairy cows worldwide. Sodium butyrate (SB) is a short-chain fatty acid that has recently been shown to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic potential in various cells types, although its role in bovine mammary epithelial cells (bMECs) has not been comprehensively reported. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the protective effect of sodium butyrate on Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mastitis model in vitro and to elucidate the possible underlying molecular mechanisms. The in vitro mastitis model was designed to investigate the regulatory effect of SB on LPS-induced inflammatory conditions in bMECs, with particular emphasis on oxidative stress, inflammatory response, apoptosis, and mitochondrial dysfunction. The results showed that SB co-treatment markedly prevented LPS-induced death of bMECs in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, SB attenuated LPS-induced oxidative stress (OS) (Increased Intracellular ROS, MDA, and decreased SOD, GSH-Px and CAT activity), thereby reduced inflammation (increased expression of IL-6, IL-Iβ, and TNF-α), and apoptosis (Increased the expression of caspases and Bax and decreased Bcl-2) via inhibiting NF-kB and caspase/bax signaling pathways. Furthermore, the protective effect of SB was also associated with the activation of endogenous antioxidant system (Nrf2, Keap1, NQO-1 and HO-1). Nrf2 silencing significantly abolished the protective effect of SB on bMECs. In conclusion, our findings suggest that SB has a significant protective effect on LPS-induced OS, inflammatory responses and apoptosis by activating Nrf2 and inhibiting NF-kB and ROS-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction. These results propose that SB may be an important regulator of OS and its subsequent inflammatory responses, and thus could be used as a therapeutic agent for bovine mastitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilyas Ali
- Department of Medical Cell Biology and Genetics, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Chengmin Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212018, China
| | - Meqian Kuang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Abid Ullah Shah
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Muhammad Shafiq
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Muhammad Arslan Ahmad
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-Environmental Science, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Dyaaaldin Abdalmegeed
- Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Microbiology section, Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Lian Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Genlin Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Transcription factor EB (TFEB)-mediated autophagy protects bovine mammary epithelial cells against H 2O 2-induced oxidative damage in vitro. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2021; 12:35. [PMID: 33685494 PMCID: PMC7941962 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-021-00561-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Bovine mammary epithelial cells after calving undergo serious metabolic challenges and oxidative stress both of which could compromise autophagy. Transcription factor EB (TFEB)-mediated autophagy is an important cytoprotective mechanism against oxidative stress. However, effects of TFEB-mediated autophagy on the oxidative stress of bovine mammary epithelial cells remain unknown. Therefore, the main aim of the study was to investigate the role of TFEB-mediated autophagy in bovine mammary epithelial cells experiencing oxidative stress. Results H2O2 challenge of the bovine mammary epithelial cell MAC-T increased protein abundance of LC3-II, increased number of autophagosomes and autolysosomes while decreased protein abundance of p62. Inhibition of autophagy via bafilomycin A1 aggravated H2O2-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and apoptosis in MAC-T cells. Furthermore, H2O2 treatment triggered the translocation of TFEB into the nucleus. Knockdown of TFEB by siRNA reversed the effect of H2O2 on protein abundance of LC3-II and p62 as well as the number of autophagosomes and autolysosomes. Overexpression of TFEB activated autophagy and attenuated H2O2-induced ROS accumulation. Furthermore, TFEB overexpression attenuated H2O2-induced apoptosis by downregulating the caspase apoptotic pathway. Conclusions Our results indicate that activation of TFEB mediated autophagy alleviates H2O2-induced oxidative damage by reducing ROS accumulation and inhibiting caspase-dependent apoptosis.
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Abuelo A. Symposium review: Late-gestation maternal factors affecting the health and development of dairy calves. J Dairy Sci 2020; 103:3882-3893. [PMID: 32037167 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2019-17278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Efficient production of heifers is fundamental to the productivity and sustainability of dairy farms. However, high preweaning morbidity and mortality rates are frequently reported worldwide, imposing substantial welfare and economic implications. A major contributing factor to disease susceptibility in the neonatal stage is the inability of calves to mount an effective immune response. Appreciation is now greater that exposure in utero to several stresses (nutritional, social, metabolic, and so on) during the last stages of pregnancy have downstream carryover effects in calves' health, growth, and development. Suboptimal intrauterine conditions during critical periods of development lead to changes in tissue structure and function that may have long-term consequences on the offspring's physiology and disease susceptibility. Indeed, preweaning metabolic function and growth are associated with future milk production. Thus, late-gestation carryover effects span into the lactating stage of the heifers. Nevertheless, researchers have been studying how to minimize these effects. This review will discuss the effects of maternal stress during late gestation on the offspring's growth, productivity, metabolism, and health. In addition, strategies focusing on maternal interventions that improve neonatal health will be discussed. A better understanding of the intrauterine conditions affecting calf health and growth may facilitate the design of management practices that could improve neonatal development and future cow productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel Abuelo
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, 736 Wilson Rd., East Lansing 48824.
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Urh C, Denißen J, Gerster E, Kraus N, Stamer E, Heitkönig B, Spiekers H, Sauerwein H. Short communication: Pro- and antioxidative indicators in serum of dairy cows during late pregnancy and early lactation: Testing the effects of parity, different dietary energy levels, and farm. J Dairy Sci 2019; 102:6672-6678. [PMID: 31056335 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2019-16248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Dairy cows face metabolic challenges in the transition from late pregnancy to early lactation. The energy demands for the growing fetus and the onset of milk production are increasing but voluntary feed intake often decreases around parturition and cannot meet these demands. This energy balance, among others, can change the oxidative status. Oxidative stress occurs when antioxidant defense mechanisms are not sufficient to cope with the increasing generation of reactive oxygen species. Our objectives were to investigate (1) the effect of parity on the oxidative status of dairy cows (n = 247) in late pregnancy and early lactation; and (2) the effect of different inclusion rates of concentrate feeding (150 vs. 250 g/kg of energy-corrected milk) during early lactation on 2 farms including 87 cows in total. In addition, we aimed to compare the oxidative status across the 2 farms using equal portions of concentrate feeding. For these purposes, we measured concentrations of the derivatives of reactive oxygen metabolites (dROM) and the ferric reducing ability (FRAP) in serum on d -50, -14, +8, +28, and +100 relative to calving. Furthermore, we calculated the oxidative status index (OSi) as dROM/FRAP × 100. Data were analyzed using a linear mixed model. Cows in the first and second lactations had greater dROM, FRAP, and OSi than cows in their third and greater lactations. Hence, supporting the antioxidative side of the balance might be of particular importance in the first and second lactations. Feeding different amounts of concentrates did not affect dROM, FRAP, or OSi under our experimental conditions, suggesting that the relatively small differences in energy intake were not affecting the oxidative status. Comparing farms, cows from one farm were notable for having greater dROM and lower FRAP, resulting in a greater OSi compared with cows on the other farm. Milk yield showed a time by farm interaction with 7% less milk on d 100 on the farm with the greater OSi. Moreover, cows on that farm had 1.4-fold greater β-hydroxybutyrate concentrations. Our results emphasize the value of assessing oxidative status with regard to both the pro- and antioxidative sides, and support the association between oxidative and metabolic status. Further investigations are needed to determine the applicability of OSi as a prognostic tool during early lactation and to determine which factors have the greatest influence on oxidative status.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Urh
- University of Bonn, Institute for Animal Science, Katzenburgweg 7-9, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - J Denißen
- Chamber of Agriculture North Rhine-Westphalia, Center of Agriculture Haus Riswick, Elsenpaß 5, 47533, Kleve, Germany
| | - E Gerster
- Landwirtschaftliches Zentrum Baden-Württemberg (LAZBW), Atzenberger Weg 99, 88326 Aulendorf, Germany
| | - N Kraus
- Center for Agricultural Learning, Markgrafenstraße 1, 91746 Weidenbach, Germany
| | - E Stamer
- TiDa Tier und Daten GmbH, Bosseer Str. 4c, 24259 Westensee/Brux, Germany
| | - B Heitkönig
- University of Bonn, Institute for Animal Science, Katzenburgweg 7-9, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - H Spiekers
- Bavarian State Research Center for Agriculture, Institute for Animal Nutrition and Feed Management, Prof.-Dürrwaechter-Platz 3, 85586 Poing, Germany
| | - H Sauerwein
- University of Bonn, Institute for Animal Science, Katzenburgweg 7-9, 53115 Bonn, Germany.
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Brito AF, Zang Y. A Review of Lignan Metabolism, Milk Enterolactone Concentration, and Antioxidant Status of Dairy Cows Fed Flaxseed. Molecules 2018; 24:E41. [PMID: 30583523 PMCID: PMC6337492 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24010041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 12/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Lignans are polyphenolic compounds with a wide spectrum of biological functions including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticarcinogenic activities, therefore, there is an increasing interest in promoting the inclusion of lignan-rich foods in humans' diets. Flaxseed is the richest source of the lignan secoisolariciresinol diglucoside-a compound found in the outer fibrous-containing layers of flax. The rumen appears to be the major site for the conversion of secoisolariciresinol diglucoside to the enterolignans enterodiol and enterolactone, but only enterolactone has been detected in milk of dairy cows fed flaxseed products (whole seeds, hulls, meal). However, there is limited information regarding the ruminal microbiota species involved in the metabolism of secoisolariciresinol diglucoside. Likewise, little is known about how dietary manipulation such as varying the nonstructural carbohydrate profile of rations affects milk enterolactone in dairy cows. Our review covers the gastrointestinal tract metabolism of lignans in humans and animals and presents an in-depth assessment of research that have investigated the impacts of flaxseed products on milk enterolactone concentration and animal health. It also addresses the pharmacokinetics of enterolactone consumed through milk, which may have implications to ruminants and humans' health.
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Affiliation(s)
- André F Brito
- Department of Agriculture, Nutrition, and Food Systems, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA.
| | - Yu Zang
- Department of Agriculture, Nutrition, and Food Systems, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA.
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Organic Feed: A Bottleneck for the Development of the Livestock Sector and Its Transition to Sustainability? SUSTAINABILITY 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/su10072393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Ma YF, Wu ZH, Gao M, Loor JJ. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 antioxidant response element pathways protect bovine mammary epithelial cells against H 2O 2-induced oxidative damage in vitro. J Dairy Sci 2018; 101:5329-5344. [PMID: 29573798 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-14128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The experiment was conducted to determine the role of nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like factor 2 (NFE2L2, formerly Nrf2) antioxidant response element (ARE) pathway in protecting bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMEC) against H2O2-induced oxidative stress injury. An NFE2L2 small interfering RNA (siRNA) interference or a pCMV6-XL5-NFE2L2 plasmid fragment was transfected to independently downregulate or upregulate expression of NFE2L2. Isolated BMEC in triplicate were exposed to H2O2 (600 μM) for 6 h to induce oxidative stress before transient transfection with scrambled siRNA, NFE2L2-siRNA, pCMV6-XL5, and pCMV6-XL5-NFE2L2. Cell proliferation, apoptosis and necrosis rates, antioxidant enzyme activities, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) production, protein and mRNA expression of NFE2L2 and downstream target genes, and fluorescence activity of ARE were measured. The results revealed that compared with the control, BMEC transfected with NFE2L2-siRNA3 had proliferation rates that were 9 or 65% lower without or with H2O2, respectively. These cells also had apoptosis and necrosis rates that were 27 and 3.5 times greater with H2O2 compared with the control group, respectively. In contrast, transfected pCMV6-XL5-NFE2L2 had proliferation rates that were 64.3% greater or 17% lower without or with H2O2 compared with the control group, respectively. Apoptosis rates were 1.8 times lower with H2O2 compared with the control. In addition, compared with the control, production of ROS and MDA and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT), and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) increased markedly in cells transfected with pCMV6-XL5-NFE2L2 and without H2O2. However, compared with the control, production of ROS and MDA and activity of CAT and GSH-Px increased markedly, whereas activities of SOD and GST decreased in cells transfected with pCMV6-XL5-NFE2L2 and incubated with H2O2. Compared with the control, cells transfected with NFE2L2-siRNA3 with or without H2O2 had lower production of ROS and MDA and activity of SOD, CAT, GSH-Px, and GST. Cells transfected with pCMV6-XL5-NFE2L2 with or without H2O2 had markedly higher protein and mRNA expression of NFE2L2, heme oxygenase-1 (HMOX-1), NADH quinone oxidoreductase 1, glutamate cysteine ligase catalytic subunit, and glutamyl cystine ligase modulatory subunit compared with the control incubations. Cells transfected with NFE2L2-siRNA3 without or with H2O2 had markedly lower protein and mRNA expression of NFE2L2, HMOX-1, NADH quinone oxidoreductase 1, glutamyl cystine ligase modulatory subunit, and glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit compared with the control incubations. In addition, expression of HMOX-1 was 5.3-fold greater with H2O2 compared with the control. Overall, results indicate that NFE2L2 plays an important role in the NFE2L2-ARE pathway via the control of HMOX-1. The relevant mechanisms in vivo merit further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y F Ma
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed, Inner Mongolia Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Huhhot 010031, P. R. China
| | - Z H Wu
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, P. R. China
| | - M Gao
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed, Inner Mongolia Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Huhhot 010031, P. R. China.
| | - J J Loor
- Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801.
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Abuelo A, Hernandez J, Alves-Nores V, Benedito JL, Castillo C. Association of Serum Concentration of Different Trace Elements with Biomarkers of Systemic Oxidant Status in Dairy Cattle. Biol Trace Elem Res 2016; 174:319-324. [PMID: 27113768 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-016-0713-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
There has been some recent criticism about the reliability of the assays commonly used to measure oxidant status in cattle, because some recent publications suggested that the concentration of different trace elements influences the results of these assays. The aim of this study was to test the correlation in 502 bovine serum samples between the concentration of several trace elements (Br, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, I, Mn, Mo, Ni, Se, Sr, V and Zn) and markers of oxidant status (reactive oxygen species (ROS) and total serum antioxidant capacity (SAC)). The Oxidative Stress index (OSi) was also calculated as ROS/SAC. Some significant correlations were found, although weak (|ρ| < 0.50). Therefore, the relationships observed might be attributed to the different pro- and antioxidant effect of the different elements rather than to the assays detecting these elements instead of the oxidised molecules or total antioxidant potential, respectively. The OSi was poorly correlated (|ρ| ≤ 0.36) with the concentration of the studied trace elements, and therefore, its use is recommended to assess shifts in the systemic redox balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel Abuelo
- Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University and NSW Department of Primary Industries, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 2678, Australia.
- Departamento de Patología Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002, Lugo, Spain.
| | - Joaquín Hernandez
- Departamento de Patología Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002, Lugo, Spain
| | - Víctor Alves-Nores
- Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University and NSW Department of Primary Industries, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 2678, Australia
- Departamento de Patología Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002, Lugo, Spain
| | - José L Benedito
- Departamento de Patología Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002, Lugo, Spain
| | - Cristina Castillo
- Departamento de Patología Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002, Lugo, Spain
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