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Gonçalves JD, Vergani GB, Rodrigues JND, Dias JH, Pereira VSDA, Garcia AR, Esteves SN, Fonseca JFD, Oliveira MEF. Luteal tissue characteristics of Morada Nova ewes with hCG application 7.5 days after the end of estrus synchronization protocol in the breeding season. Anim Reprod Sci 2024; 261:107396. [PMID: 38141546 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2023.107396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Results with the use of hCG after synchronization protocol are still inconsistent, which may vary according to breed, season, day of application and dose of the drug used. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the functionality of luteal tissue and ovarian perfusion after hCG treatment during early luteal phase. Estrus-synchronized ewes were randomly assigned to receive i.m. injection of 300 IU of hCG (G-hCG; n = 40) or 1 mL of saline (G-Control; n = 32) on Day 7.5 after progesterone withdrawal. Ultrasonographic evaluations of the ovaries and ovarian and iliac arteries were performed on Days 7.5, 10.5, 13.5, and 21.5. The accessory corpus luteum (aCL) formation rate was 52.5% for G-hCG. There was interaction (p > 0.05) for treatment (G-hCG and G-Control), days (7.5, 10.5, 13.5 and 21.5) and PD (Pregnant and Non-pregnant) for the variables of biometric characteristics of the corpus luteum B-Mode and Color Doppler on days 7.5, 10.5, 13.5 and 21.5. There was no difference (p > 0.05) for pregnancy rates and mean fetuses per ewe between the treatment groups. It is concluded that the application of hCG 7.5 days after the hormonal protocol in Morada Nova ewes in a breeding season is efficient in inducing aCL formation and increasing luteal tissue biometry. However, there was no effect on pregnancy rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joedson Dantas Gonçalves
- Department of Pathology, Reproduction and One Health, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University, Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, CEP 14884-900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil.
| | - Gabriel Brun Vergani
- Department of Pathology, Reproduction and One Health, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University, Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, CEP 14884-900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Jenniffer Hauschildt Dias
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Viçosa, Av. Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, CEP 36570-000 Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | - Sergio Novita Esteves
- Embrapa Southeast Livestock, Rod. Washington Luiz, km 234, CEP 13560-970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Emilia Franco Oliveira
- Department of Pathology, Reproduction and One Health, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University, Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, CEP 14884-900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil.
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Oliveira MEF, Caldas TDB, Rodrigues JND, Vergani GB, Rangel PSC, Esteves LV, Souza-Fabjan JMG, Brandão FZ, Fonseca JF. Intravaginal progesterone device reinsertion during the early luteal phase affects luteal function and embryo yield in superovulated ewes. Anim Reprod Sci 2023; 254:107273. [PMID: 37290343 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2023.107273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study checked the efficacy of progesterone (P4) device reinsertion during the early luteal phase on luteal function and embryo yield in superovulated crossbred ewes. Twenty multiparous ewes received an intravaginal P4 device for nine days (D0 to D9) followed by six decreasing doses (25, 25, 15, 15, 10, 10%) of 133 mg pFSH i.m. at 12 h intervals, starting 60 h before P4 device removal. Ewes were naturally mated at 12 h intervals while in estrus. On D13, ewes with viable corpora lutea (CL; n = 19) were equally allocated for receiving their P4 device reinsertion (G-P4; n = 10) or not (G-Control; n = 9). On D17, the P4 device was removed, and all females received the cervical relaxation protocol 16 h to 20 min before non-surgical embryo recovery. CL count and their functionality classification were performed on D13 and D17 by transrectal B-mode and color Doppler ultrasonography (US). Plasma P4 concentrations (ng/mL) of G-P4 ewes increased (P < 0.05) over the days, being greater on D17 (9.2 ± 2.8) than on D9 (1.9 ± 0.7) and D13 (1.6 ± 0.4). The overall CL count per ewe tended to be greater (P = 0.09) in G-P4 compared with G-Control. The occurrence of premature regression of corpora lutea did not differ (P > 0.05) between G-P4 (30.0%) and G-Control (44.4%). The number of ova/embryos recovered was greater (P < 0.05) in G-P4 (11.6 ± 2.9) compared with G-Control (3.7 ± 2.0), respectively. Altogether, the reinsertion of the P4 device for four days after superovulation in ewes promotes greater P4 concentrations, resulting in greater ova/embryos recovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Emilia Franco Oliveira
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, CEP 14884-900, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil; Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Vital Brazil Filho, 64, CEP 24230-340, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Tarcilla Dutra Barbosa Caldas
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, CEP 36570-000, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Gabriel Brun Vergani
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, CEP 14884-900, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo Sergio Cerqueira Rangel
- Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Vital Brazil Filho, 64, CEP 24230-340, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Luciana Vieira Esteves
- Médica Veterinária Autônoma, Praça Maestro Cristiano Mendes, n.26, CEP 36255-000, Aracitaba, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Felipe Zandonadi Brandão
- Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Vital Brazil Filho, 64, CEP 24230-340, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Jeferson Ferreira Fonseca
- Embrapa Caprinos e Ovinos, Estrada Sobral/Groaíras, km 04, CP 145, CEP 62010-970, Sobral, CE, Brazil.
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Bevilaqua JR, Rodriguez MGK, Maciel GS, Vergani GB, da Fonseca JF, Bartlewski PM, Oliveira MEF. Luteal Function, Biometrics, and Echotextural Attributes in Santa Inês Ewes Superovulated with Different Total Doses of Porcine Follicle-Stimulating Hormone. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13050873. [PMID: 36899731 PMCID: PMC10000133 DOI: 10.3390/ani13050873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Premature regression of corpora lutea (PRCL) may adversely affect the outcome of hormonal ovarian superstimulation in small ruminants, and the total dose of exogenous gonadotropins used may be one of the causes of this condition. There were two major objectives of the present study: (1) to evaluate the effects of different superovulatory doses of porcine follicle-stimulating hormone (pFSH) on the biometry, blood perfusion (Doppler), and echotextural characteristics of luteal structures; and, (2) to determine the usefulness of biometric, vascular, and echotextural luteal variables, as well as measurements of circulating progesterone (P4) concentrations for early detection of PRCL in superovulated Santa Inês ewes. Twenty-seven Santa Inês ewes received an intravaginal P4-releasing device (CIDR) from Days 0 to 8 (Day 0 = random day of the anovulatory period). An IM injection of d-cloprostenol (37.5 μg) was given at the time of the CIDR insertion and withdrawal. On Day 6, all the ewes received 300 IU of eCG IM and were divided into three treatment groups (each n = 9): G100 (100 mg); G133 (133 mg); and G200 (200 mg of pFSH) administered IM every 12 h in eight injections. Transrectal ovarian ultrasonography and jugular blood sampling for serum P4 measurements were performed on Days 11 to 15. On the day of embryo recovery (Day 15), all the ewes underwent diagnostic videolaparoscopy and were classified, based on their luteal characteristics, into three response groups: nCL (ewes with normal CL only); rCL (ewes with regressing CL only); and ewes with both nCL and rCL following the superovulatory regimen. Our present results indicate that the total pFSH doses of 100 mg and 200 mg result in similar ovulatory responses and luteal function/biometrics, although the percentage of donor ewes with nCL was greater (p < 0.05) for G100 compared with the G200 animals. An application of 133 mg of pFSH was associated with diminished luteogenesis. Lastly, circulating P4 concentrations, ultrasonographic estimates of total luteal area, and CL pixel heterogeneity (standard deviation of numerical pixel values) are promising markers of luteal inadequacy in superovulated ewes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Júlia Ribeiro Bevilaqua
- Department of Pathology, Reproduction and One Health, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal 14884-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Mariana Garcia Kako Rodriguez
- Department of Pathology, Reproduction and One Health, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal 14884-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Giovanna Serpa Maciel
- Department of Pathology, Reproduction and One Health, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal 14884-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Brun Vergani
- Department of Pathology, Reproduction and One Health, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal 14884-900, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Pawel Mieczyslaw Bartlewski
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Maria Emilia Franco Oliveira
- Department of Pathology, Reproduction and One Health, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal 14884-900, SP, Brazil
- Correspondence:
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Oliveira MEF, Arrais AM, Vergani GB, Novita Esteves S, Schinaider Do Amaral Pereira V, Garcia AR, Bastos R, Roberto Bourg Melo M, Rios Coelho Alves B, Ferreira Fonseca J. Hormonal-Induced Cervical Relaxation During Diestrus in Ewes: Cervical Transposing Feasibility and Use of hCG for Rescuing Disrupted Luteal Function. J APPL ANIM WELF SCI 2022:1-17. [PMID: 36342446 DOI: 10.1080/10888705.2022.2141576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cervical relaxation (CR) was performed in ewes during diestrus, to prospect a feasible protocol for non-surgical embryo transfer (NSET). In Trial 1, naturally mated ewes (n=13) received CR protocols with estradiol benzoate (EB, 1 mg on D6) and oxytocin (OT, 50 IU on D7) only (G-EB+OT) or associated with human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG, 300 IU on D7, G-EB+OT+hCG) and were compared to non-hormonally treated (G-control) ewes. Estradiol concentration increased (P<0.05) from D6 to D7 in G-EB+OT and G-EB+OT+hCG, then decreased (P<0.05) on D8. The G-EB+OT had reduced (P<0.05) progesterone on D8, and 0% (0/5) pregnancy, while G-control had 100% (3/3) conception rate. The treatment with hCG mitigated the progesterone drop on D8 and resulted in 50% (2/4) conception rate. In Trial 2, cervical transposing success after treatment with EB, OT, and hCG on D6 and D7 was assessed in nulliparous (n=25) and multiparous (n=30) ewes. The EB+OT+hCG protocol allowed efficient cervical transposition (~78% of cervical transposition success into ~5 min) in nulliparous and multiparous females and did not alter total and blood perfusion areas of corpora lutea (CL). The use of EB+OT+hCG was efficient to ensure effective cervical transposing in nulliparous and multiparous ewes, with no apparent deleterious effect on CL function, and may contribute to animal welfare, allowing a less invasive NSET procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Emilia Franco Oliveira
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Jaboticabal, Brazil
- Embrapa Caprinos e Ovinos (CNPC), Coronel Pacheco, Brazil
| | - Aline Matos Arrais
- Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), Seropédica, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Brun Vergani
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Jaboticabal, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Rosemary Bastos
- Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Brazil
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Luteogenesis and Embryo Implantation Are Enhanced by Exogenous hCG in Goats Subjected to an Out-of-Season Fixed-Time Artificial Insemination Protocol. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10050429. [PMID: 34065974 PMCID: PMC8150804 DOI: 10.3390/biology10050429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible effect of two doses of hCG (100 and 300 IU) applied at two different times (7 and 14 d) after a fixed-time artificial insemination protocol (FTAI) upon some variables involved in the embryonic implantation rate in goats during the natural deep anestrous season (April, 25° north). The experimental units considered crossbred, multiparous, anovulatory goats (n = 69, Alpine, Saanen, Nubian x Criollo), with average body weight (43.6 ± 5.7 kg) and body condition score (1.86 ± 0.28 units) located in northern-semiarid Mexico (25° N, 103° W). Once the goat's anestrus status was confirmed, goats were subjected to an estrus induction protocol. Upon estrus induction confirmation, goats (n = 61) were subjected to a FTAI procedure. Immediately after the FTAI, the goats were randomly distributed to five experimental groups: (1). G100-7 (n = 13) 100 IU, hCG 7 d post-FTAI, (2). G100-14 (n = 12) 100 IU hCG, 14 d post-FTAI, (3). G300-7 (n = 12) 300 IU, hCG, 7 d post-FTAI, (4). G300-14 (n = 12) 300 IU hCG 14 d post-FTAI, and (5). Control group, CONT (n = 12) 0.5 mL saline, 7 and 14 d post-FTAI. The response variables conception rate (39.36 ± 0.23), fertility rate (27.96%), prolificacy rate (1.1 ± 0.29 kids), ovulation rate (0.74 ± 0.20 corpus luteum) corpus luteum diameter (10.15 ± 0.59 mm), embryo number (1.58 ± 0.20), and embryo implantation rate (48.96%), did not differ between treatments. However, while the variables fecundity rate (67%), embryo efficiency index-1 (33.99 ± 0.20%), and embryo efficiency index-2 (27.94 ± 0.30%) were favored by the G300-14 treatment, the corpus luteum area was favored (p < 0.05) by both G300-7 (113.30 ± 0.19 mm2) and G300-14 (103.04 ± 0.17 mm2). Such reproductive strategy emerges as an interesting approach, not only to enhance the out-of-season reproductive outcomes, but also to boost one of the main rulers defining the global reproductive efficiency of a heard, namely, the embryo implantation efficiency.
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Côrtes LR, Souza-Fabjan JMG, Dias DS, Martins BB, Maia ALRS, Veiga MO, Arashiro EKN, Brandão FZ, Oliveira MEF, Bartlewski PM, Fonseca JF. Administration of a single dose of 300 IU of human chorionic gonadotropin seven days after the onset of estrus improves pregnancy rate in dairy goats by an unknown mechanism. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2021; 74:106579. [PMID: 33161234 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2020.106579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the effects of exogenous hCG administration on ovarian function and pregnancy rates in estrous-induced dairy goats during the transition into the breeding season. Eighty-six Toggenburg does received 60 mg of medroxyprogesterone acetate intravaginal sponge for 6 d plus 200 IU of equine chorionic gonadotropin and 30 μg of d-cloprostenol i.m. 24 h before sponge removal, and were then bred for 96 h. Seven days (D7) after first mating the does received either 1 mL of saline (the control group, n = 43) or 300 IU of hCG (the hCG-treated group, n = 43) i.m. Transrectal ovarian ultrasonography (B-mode and color Doppler) was performed on D7, D13, D17, and D21 and ultrasonographic pregnancy detection on D30. Pregnancy rate was higher (P < 0.05) in hCG-treated goats (90.7%; 39/43) than that in control animals (74.4%; 32/43). Accessory luteal structures (ALSs) were detected in 46.5% (20/43) of hCG-treated does. All hCG-treated does that had ALSs and 82.6% of goats without ALS post-treatment remained pregnant. The total luteal area increased (P < 0.05) from D7 to D13 in pregnant animals of both groups, whereas mean vascular area declined (P < 0.05) by D21 in all nonpregnant does. Serum progesterone concentrations increased (P < 0.05) on D21 in pregnant goats of both groups, but they were related to changes in luteal tissue content only in control does throughout the present study. Mean daily numbers of small- and medium-sized antral follicles decreased (P < 0.05) only in pregnant animals of both groups with a decline in medium follicle numbers occurring earlier in hCG-treated (D13) compared with control does (D17). To summarize, a single dose of hCG given on D7 after estrus was followed by a decrease in the number of medium-sized antral follicles in gestating hCG-treated does, induced the formation of ALSs in ~47% of all hCG-treated does, and significantly increased the pregnancy rate in estrous-induced Toggenburg goats in the transition to the breeding season.
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Affiliation(s)
- L R Côrtes
- Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Vital Brasil Filho, 64, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - J M G Souza-Fabjan
- Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Vital Brasil Filho, 64, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - D S Dias
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade do Grande Rio, Rua Professor José de Souza Herdy, 1160 Duque de Caxias, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - B B Martins
- Universidade Presidente Antônio Carlos, Av. Juiz de Fora, 1100 Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - A L R S Maia
- Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Vital Brasil Filho, 64, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - M O Veiga
- Embrapa Caprinos e Ovinos, Rodovia MG 133, km 42, Coronel Pacheco, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - E K N Arashiro
- Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Vital Brasil Filho, 64, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - F Z Brandão
- Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Vital Brasil Filho, 64, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - M E F Oliveira
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Reproduction, São Paulo State University, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castelane, s/n, Zona Rural, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - P M Bartlewski
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - J F Fonseca
- Embrapa Caprinos e Ovinos, Rodovia MG 133, km 42, Coronel Pacheco, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Vergani GB, Fonseca JFD, Trevizan JT, Pereira VSDA, Garcia AR, Esteves SN, Brandão FZ, Souza-Fabjan JMG, Oliveira MEF. Luteotropic effects of human chorionic gonadotropin administered 7.5 days after synchronous estrous induction in Morada Nova ewes. Anim Reprod Sci 2020; 223:106644. [PMID: 33197710 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2020.106644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted in ewes to assess effects of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) administration after imposing an estrous induction treatment regimen. Ewes (n = 115) were treated with a 60 mg medroxyprogesterone-intravaginal-sponge for 6 d plus 200 IU of equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) im and 37.5 μg d-cloprostenol im 36 h before sponge removal (Day 0). After natural mating, ewes having at least one corpus luteum (CL; n = 108) were administered either 1 mL of saline (G-Control; n = 53) or 300 IU of hCG (G-hCG; n = 55) on Day 7.5 after sponge removal (Day 0). Ovarian ultrasonography and blood collection were performed on Days 7.5, 13.5, 17.5, 21.5, and 30.5. Accessory CL (aCL) were observed in 81.5 % (G-hCG) and 0.0 % (G-Control) of ewes (P = 0.0001). Diameter, area, and volume of luteal tissue were greater (P < 0.05) in G-hCG from Day 13.5 to 30.5. Progesterone (P4) concentrations were greater (P < 0.05) on Days 13.5, 17.5, 21.5 and 30.5 for ewes of the G-hCG group. Pregnancy percentage was similar (P = 0.25) between groups [47.1 % (G-control) compared with 60.0 % (G-hCG)], although total number of lambs produced by estrous synchronized ewes was greater (P = 0.005) in ewes of the G-hCG group (90.9 % compared with 66.0 %). In conclusion, hCG administration 7.5 days after sponge removal from Morada Nova ewes during the non-breeding season is an effective treatment to induce aCL formation, improve luteal tissue biometry and P4 concentrations, and to enhance the total number of lambs born.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Brun Vergani
- Department of Pathobiology and Veterinary Theriogenology, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Jeferson Ferreira da Fonseca
- Embrapa Caprinos e Ovinos, Rodovia MG 133, Km 42, Cep 36.155-000, Coronel Pacheco, MG, Brazil; Departamento de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, CEP 36570-000, Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
| | - Juliane Teramachi Trevizan
- Department of Pathobiology and Veterinary Theriogenology, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Alexandre Rossetto Garcia
- Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste, Rodovia Washington Luiz, Km 234 s/nº, Fazenda Canchim, Caixa Postal: 339, CEP: 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Sergio Novita Esteves
- Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste, Rodovia Washington Luiz, Km 234 s/nº, Fazenda Canchim, Caixa Postal: 339, CEP: 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Felipe Zandonadi Brandão
- Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Vital Brasil Filho, 64, CEP 24230-340, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Emilia Franco Oliveira
- Department of Pathobiology and Veterinary Theriogenology, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil; Embrapa Caprinos e Ovinos, Rodovia MG 133, Km 42, Cep 36.155-000, Coronel Pacheco, MG, Brazil.
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Dos Santos VMB, Pinto PHN, Balaro MFA, Santos JDR, Taira AR, do Espirito Santo CG, Gonçalves FM, da Fonseca JF, Brandão FZ. Use of oxytocin to attain cervical dilation for transcervical embryo transfer in sheep. Reprod Domest Anim 2020; 55:1446-1454. [PMID: 32757343 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to determine whether a cervical dilation protocol (CDP) composed of only oxytocin can be used to perform transcervical (non-surgical) embryo transfer in sheep (NSET) without affecting the viability of the corpus luteum (CL). Likewise, we evaluated whether a cervical transposing test with a Hegar dilator (CT Hegar test), performed at oestrous time, could be used to screen ewes for NSET (greater or lower chances to transpose the cervix). For that, oestrous and ovulation synchronization was performed in 25 Santa Inês ewes to induce the dioestrous condition. Animals went through the following CDP in a crossover design: E + OX, oestradiol benzoate (100 µg intravenously [IV]) and oxytocin (100 IU IV); OX, oxytocin (100 IU IV); and SAL, saline solution (IV). Using a Hegar dilator, cervical transposing attempts were performed at oestrous (D0) and dioestrous time (D8). The viability of the CL (morphology, luteal blood flow and progesterone values) was evaluated by ultrasonography (colour Doppler and B-mode) and by serum progesterone measurement from D7 to D13. The cervical transposing rate was lower for the SAL group (64%; 16/25; p < .05) and did not differ between the E + OX (88%; 22/25, p > .05) and OX (84%; 21/25, p > .05) groups. No treatment affected the CL viability. The CT Hegar test showed a high sensitivity (85.7%-93.3%), satisfactory accuracy (72%-84%), low false-negative rate (6.7%-14.6%), but high false-positive rate (46%-66.7%). In conclusion, a CDP protocol composed exclusively of oxytocin can lead to good cervical transposing rates and does not affect the viability of the CL. In addition, a screening test (CT Hegar) performed at oestrus can identify ewes for which cervical transposing will likely not occur at NSET.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Juliana D R Santos
- Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Augusto R Taira
- Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Felipe Z Brandão
- Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil
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9
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Carvalho-de-Paula CJ, Souza-Fabjan JMG, Gonçalves JD, Dias JH, de Souza GN, Oliveira MEF, Fonseca JF. Effect of a 12-h increment in the short-term treatment regimen on ovarian status, estrus synchrony, and pregnancy rate in artificially inseminated dairy goats. Anim Reprod Sci 2020; 221:106571. [PMID: 32861121 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2020.106571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to assess effects of two hormonal treatments on ovarian follicular status, estrous synchrony and fertility in dairy goats during the non-breeding season when duration of progestogen device use varied by 12 h. In both experiments, does were administered 60 mg of medroxyprogesterone acetate via intravaginal devices, respectively, for 6 and 6.5 d (G6 and G6.5). At 24 or 36 h before device removal, 200 IU of eCG im and 30 μg d-cloprostenol im were administered. In Experiment 1 (n = 24), data related to sexual behavior and that were collected using ovarian ultrasonography were recorded, and in Experiment 2 (n = 83) fertility was assessed after Flexible Time Artificial Insemination (FxTAI). The interval from device removal to estrus was shorter (P < 0.05) after imposing the G6.5 treatment regimen. Diameter of largest and second-largest ovarian follicles and interval from device removal to ovulation were similar (P> 0.05) between groups. The does treated with the G6.5 hormonal regimen had greater estrous synchrony, associated with greater development of largest follicles at the time of device removal, which might have led to a lesser fertility rate (P > 0.05). Conversely, treatment with the G6 hormonal regimen resulted in a greater conception rate. In conclusion, increasing time the intravaginal device is inserted from 6 to 6.5 d resulted in greater estrous synchrony, advanced ovarian follicular development, abnormal CL function and lesser pregnancy rates in artificially inseminated dairy goats when there were treatments during the non-breeding season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cleber Jonas Carvalho-de-Paula
- Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Av. Vital Brazil Filho, 64, CEP 24230-340, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Joedson Dantas Gonçalves
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, CEP 14884-900, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Guilherme Nunes de Souza
- Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Av. Vital Brazil Filho, 64, CEP 24230-340, Niterói, RJ, Brazil; Embrapa Gado de Leite, Rua Eugênio do Nascimento, 610 - Dom Bosco, CEP:36038-330, Juiz de For a, MG, Brazil
| | - Maria Emilia Franco Oliveira
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, CEP 14884-900, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil; Embrapa Caprinos e Ovinos, Estrada Sobral/Groaíras, km 04, CP 145, CEP 62010-970, Sobral, CE, Brazil
| | - Jeferson Ferreira Fonseca
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, CEP 36570-000, Viçosa, MG, Brazil; Embrapa Caprinos e Ovinos, Estrada Sobral/Groaíras, km 04, CP 145, CEP 62010-970, Sobral, CE, Brazil.
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10
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Bragança GM, Souza-Fabjan JMG, Ribeiro LS, Brair VL, Côrtes LR, Souza CV, Batista RITP, Fonseca JF, Menchaca A, Brandão FZ. Exogenous progestogen does not affect first-wave follicle populations and oocyte quality during ovarian stimulation with FSH in sheep. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2020; 72:106369. [PMID: 31445776 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2018] [Revised: 05/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The effect of short-term administration of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) or natural progesterone (P4) during ovarian stimulation with FSH on oocyte recovery was investigated in Santa Inês ewes. Ewes were treated with an intravaginal sponge containing MPA for 6 d; GnRH was applied 36 h after sponge removal and FSH was given in 3 injections (40, 24, and 16 mg, respectively) every 12 h after (D0, approximate ovulation time). At the first FSH dose, the ewes received either a new MPA sponge (n = 10) or a controlled device for internal release impregnated with P4 (n = 10) or did not receive any device (n = 10). Ovarian dynamics were assessed every 12 h by transrectal ultrasonography from D-3 to D2. Oocytes were recovered by laparoscopic ovum pick-up (LOPU) on D2 and graded by morphologic quality. The number of small, medium, and large follicles at D0 and D2 (ultrasound examinations), number of both follicles aspirated and oocytes recovered at LOPU, recovery rate, and oocyte grade did not differ (P > 0.05) among treatments. Thus, the short-term use of MPA or P4 during ovarian stimulation did not affect the first-wave follicle population or morphologic quality of oocytes. We would suggest that, in this protocol, the use of exogenous progestin is unnecessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- G M Bragança
- Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Vital Brazil, 64, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro CEP 24320-340, Brazil.
| | - J M G Souza-Fabjan
- Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Vital Brazil, 64, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro CEP 24320-340, Brazil
| | - L S Ribeiro
- Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Vital Brazil, 64, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro CEP 24320-340, Brazil
| | - V L Brair
- Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Vital Brazil, 64, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro CEP 24320-340, Brazil
| | - L R Côrtes
- Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Vital Brazil, 64, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro CEP 24320-340, Brazil
| | - C V Souza
- Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Vital Brazil, 64, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro CEP 24320-340, Brazil
| | - R I T P Batista
- Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Vital Brazil, 64, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro CEP 24320-340, Brazil
| | - J F Fonseca
- Embrapa Caprinos e Ovinos, Estrada Sobral/Groaíras, km 04, CP 145, Sobral, Ceará CEP 62010-970, Brazil
| | - A Menchaca
- Fundacion IRAUy, Cno. Cruz del Sur, 2250 CP, Montevideo 12200, Uruguay
| | - F Z Brandão
- Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Vital Brazil, 64, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro CEP 24320-340, Brazil
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11
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Ferreira CSC, Morais RDCL, de Andrade ABP, Balaro MFA, Ribas JAS, Gomes GM, Pinna AE. Spectral Doppler ultrasound in selecting an equine embryo receiver. Reprod Domest Anim 2020; 55:747-752. [PMID: 32191367 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the RI and PI values would help in choosing the best embryo recipient, and observe whether CL vascularization would influence P4 production. During the breeding season 2018/2019, the study was conducted using 35 mares, which is used for reference to collect data for the project on the day of embryo transfer. The utilized mares were divided into five groups followed by the day after ovulation, with D0 being the day of ovulation. Therefore, the five groups are as follows: D4-mares that were on the 4th post-ovulation day; D5-mares that were on the 5th post-ovulation day; and doing so successively for D6, D7 and D8. On the day of embryo transfer, the CL of the mares that selected as recipients was evaluated by B-mode and power flow mode ultrasonography and the right and left dorsal branches of the uterine arteries by spectral Doppler ultrasonography. Blood samples were taken on the day of the embryo transfer for a dosage of P4 concentration by radioimmunoassay. No statistical difference was found between the variables when the mares were separated into pregnant and non-pregnant mares, or when they were separated by age groups. When the groups of mares were compared by the day of embryo transfer, the statistical difference was found between the groups D5 × D6 (p = .0053) and D6 × D8 (p = .0036) in RI variable. In PI variable, the statistical difference was found between the groups D4 × D8 (p = .049), D5 × D6 (p = .0446) and D6 × D8 (p = .0024). We conclude that the mares with RI measurement of uterine arteries near 1.0 are correlated to mares with high CL vascularization and elevated P4 concentration.
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12
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Garoussi MT, Mavadati O, Bahonar M, Ragh MJ. The effect of medroxyprogesterone acetate with or without eCG on conception rate of fat-tail ewes in out of breeding season. Trop Anim Health Prod 2019; 52:1617-1622. [PMID: 31838718 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-019-02159-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Many protocols of estrous synchronization in ewes have been developed in the last few decades. The aim of this study was the effect of intravaginal progestogen, medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA), sponges (a progesterone analogue) with or without equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) in out of breeding season of fat-tailed Iranian Shaal breed anestrus ewes to estimate the conception rate in suburb of Tehran-Iran. In total, 50 non-cyclic ewes out of 85 ewes with < 0.05 ng/ml progesterone (P4) and aged 2 to > 7 years old were selected for out of breeding season program in May-June 2018. They were distributed into two groups (control and treatment). The treatment group (no. 25) received 12 days a sponge containing 60 mg MPA and 500 IU eCG on the day of sponge removal. The control group (no. 25) received 12 days of sponge containing MPA only. Rams were introduced to the flock after removal of sponges in treatment group and concomitant in control group. They remained within the flock for 40 days. The ram to ewe ratio was 1 to 6. Transabdominal ultrasonography was performed for pregnancy diagnosis. The obtained data was analyzed using SPSS software version 16. The conception rate in treatment and control groups were differed significantly (P < 0.01). The conception rates in MPA and MPA+ eCG were 28% and 44%, respectively. Ewes (60%) with < 2 years old had the most conception rate. However, it was shown that use of vaginal sponges containing MPA and eCG in removal time of sponge can increase significantly the conception rate in out of breeding season fat-tail ewes Shaal breed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Garoussi
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran-Iran, P.O. Box: 14155-6453, Tehran, Iran.
| | - O Mavadati
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran-Iran, P.O. Box: 14155-6453, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Bahonar
- Department of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran-Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - M J Ragh
- Amin-Abad Research Farm, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran-Iran, Tehran, Iran
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13
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Gallelli MF, Bianchi C, Zampini E, Trasorras V, Gambarotta M, Miragaya M. Corpus luteum vascularization during the maternal recognition of pregnancy in llamas (Lama glama). Reprod Domest Anim 2019; 55:74-80. [PMID: 31737943 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to characterize corpus luteum vascularization and its association with plasma progesterone concentration in early stages of pregnancy, when maternal recognition of pregnancy is expected to occur. In all animals, both plasma progesterone concentration and corpus luteum vascularization increased from Day 6 to Day 8 post-mating and afterwards in non-pregnant llamas they started to decrease to reach basal levels around Days 12 to 14 post-mating, while in pregnant animals, both variables remained elevated until the end of the study. A lineal positive relationship between corpus luteum vascularization and plasma progesterone concentration was observed in pregnant (r2 = .46, p < .0001) and non-pregnant llamas (r2 = .66, p < .0001). Pregnant animals showed higher plasma progesterone concentration and corpus luteum vascularization than the non-pregnant ones from Day 12 post-mating until the end of the study (p ˂ .05 and p ˂ .01, respectively). These results suggest that maternal recognition of pregnancy should occur before Day 12 post-mating in order to expand luteal lifespan, maintaining corpus luteum vascularization and progesterone production. Also, the assessment of CL vascularization area could be a useful and non-invasive method for early pregnancy diagnosis due to its association with plasma progesterone concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Florencia Gallelli
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Instituto de Investigación y Tecnología en Reproducción Animal (INITRA), UBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carolina Bianchi
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Laboratorio de Endocrinología, Fac. de Cs. Veterinarias, CIVETAN, UNCPBA, Tandil, Argentina
| | - Enzo Zampini
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Instituto de Investigación y Tecnología en Reproducción Animal (INITRA), UBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Virginia Trasorras
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Instituto de Investigación y Tecnología en Reproducción Animal (INITRA), UBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariana Gambarotta
- Cátedra de Bioestadística, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marcelo Miragaya
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Instituto de Investigación y Tecnología en Reproducción Animal (INITRA), UBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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14
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Figueira LM, Alves NG, Souza-Fabjan JMG, Oliveira MEF, Lima RR, Souza GN, Fonseca JF. Preovulatory follicular dynamics, ovulatory response and embryo yield in Lacaune ewes subjected to synchronous estrus induction protocols and non-surgical embryo recovery. Theriogenology 2019; 145:238-246. [PMID: 31753477 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2019.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to assess the effect of the duration of progesterone-based estrus induction protocols on preovulatory follicular dynamics, ovulatory response, and embryo yield after non-surgical embryo recovery (NSER) in Lacaune ewes. Females received acetate medroxyprogesterone intravaginal sponges for six (G-6; n = 14) or nine (G-9; n = 14) days plus d-cloprostenol and eCG 24 h before sponge removal (Day 0). Preovulatory follicular dynamics and the luteal characteristics are evaluated by B-mode and Color-Doppler ultrasonography. NSER was performed five to six days after ovulation. The estrous behavior rate was 85.7% for both groups, and the percentage of ewes that ovulated was 92.9% in G-6 and 100% in G-9. The day of wave emergence (relative to Day 0) did not differ (P > 0.05) between G-6 (-3.0 ± 0.5) and G-9 (-4.2 ± 0.5). The number of follicles of size 4.1-5.0 mm was higher (P < 0.05) in G-9 (1.4 ± 0.2) compared to G-6 (0.8 ± 0.2) during the Days -4 to 0. At NSER, the transcervical penetration rate was 95.2% (20/21) and its duration time was lower (P < 0.05) in G-9 (3.4 ± 0.6 min) than in G-6 (7.2 ± 1.3 min). The number of ovulations and viable embryos was higher (P < 0.05) in G-9 (2.9 ± 0.3 and 1.3 ± 0.4, respectively) than in G-6 (1.9 ± 0.3 and 0.4 ± 0.2, respectively). In conclusion, the 9-day protocol promoted higher ovulation rate and embryo yield; moreover, the cervical dilation treatment allowed NSER in a high percentage of Lacaune ewes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Machado Figueira
- Universidade Federal de Lavras, Av. Doutor Sylvio Menicucci, 1001 - Kennedy, CEP 37200-000, Lavras, MG, Brazil; Universidade Federal Fluminense Federal, Rua Vital Brazil Filho, 64, CEP 24220-008, Niterói-RJ, Brazil
| | - Nadja Gomes Alves
- Universidade Federal de Lavras, Av. Doutor Sylvio Menicucci, 1001 - Kennedy, CEP 37200-000, Lavras, MG, Brazil.
| | | | - Maria Emilia Franco Oliveira
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castelane, s/n, Zona Rural, CEP 14884-900, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Renato Ribeiro Lima
- Universidade Federal de Lavras, Av. Doutor Sylvio Menicucci, 1001 - Kennedy, CEP 37200-000, Lavras, MG, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Nunes Souza
- Universidade Federal Fluminense Federal, Rua Vital Brazil Filho, 64, CEP 24220-008, Niterói-RJ, Brazil; Embrapa Gado de Leite, Rua Eugênio do Nascimento, 610 - Dom Bosco, CEP 36038-330, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Jeferson Ferreira Fonseca
- Embrapa Caprinos e Ovinos, Estrada Sobral/Groaíras, Km 4, CP D10, CEP 62011-000, Sobral, CE, Brazil.
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15
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Samir H, Kandiel MMM. Accuracy of subjective evaluation of luteal blood flow by color Doppler ultrasonography for early diagnosis of pregnancy in Egyptian buffalo. Anim Reprod Sci 2019; 208:106129. [PMID: 31405479 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2019.106129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the current study was to evaluate the accuracy of trans-rectal color Doppler ultrasonography for early diagnosis of pregnancy in Egyptian buffalo based on subjective assessment of luteal blood flow (LBF). After timed artificial insemination (TAI), a total of 112 pluriparous buffalo were subjectively evaluated for LBF and there were score scales or grades (I-IV) determined at different times (Days 6, 14, 17, 21) post-TAI. Another trans-rectal B-mode ultrasonography of the uterus was performed at Day 35 to confirm pregnancy diagnosis based on recognition of the positive signs of pregnancy. Retrospectively, the results of B-mode ultrasonography were compared to that of the subjective evaluations of LBF for determining accuracy values. Furthermore, serum progesterone (P4) concentrations were determined as an indicator of corpora lutea (CL) function. Results indicate 68 of 112 buffalo (60.7%) were diagnosed as pregnant. The accuracy value of the LBF subjective evaluation was significant (80.4%; P < 0.05) at Day 17, and there was the maximum accuracy (96.4%) at Day 21 post-TAI. The percentage of false diagnoses was less at Days 17 and 21 compared with Day 6 and 14 post-TAI. There was a significant matching value between P4 concentrations and scores for LBF on and after Day 17 post-insemination. In conclusion, subjective evaluation of LBF using color Doppler ultrasonography is considered an accurate technique for early detection of pregnancy in Egyptian buffalo especially the non-pregnant animals as early as Day 17, with maximum accuracy at Day 21 post-TAI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haney Samir
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed M M Kandiel
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
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16
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Early pregnancy diagnosis by semiquantitative evaluation of luteal vascularity using power Doppler ultrasonography in sheep. ACTA VET BRNO 2019. [DOI: 10.2754/avb201988010019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to measure the area of coloured pixels captured in power Doppler examination of corpus luteum (CL) by a computer-assisted image analysis software and to evaluate the efficiency of the semiquantitative assessment of CL in early pregnancy diagnosis in sheep. Assessment of luteal vascularity was carried out on 30 Kivircik ewes with power Doppler ultrasonography daily from Day 12 to Day 19 post breeding. The mean area of coloured pixels of CL with pregnancy was found significantly higher than the area of coloured pixels of CL undergoing luteolysis (0.38 ± 0.012 mm2 and 0.31 ± 0.017 mm2, respectively, P < 0.001). Assessment of day-based examination showed a significant difference between the area of coloured pixels of CL with continuing pregnancy and luteolysis on Day 17 (P < 0.05), which was followed by Days 18 and 19 (P < 0.001). It is concluded that pregnancy diagnosis can be done accurately by semiquantitative assessment of luteal vascularization as early as 17 days post breeding in ewes. According to the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report on the efficacy of semiquantitative assessment of ovine CL in early pregnancy diagnosis.
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17
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Siqueira LG, Arashiro EK, Ghetti AM, Souza ED, Feres LF, Pfeifer LF, Fonseca JF, Viana JH. Vascular and morphological features of the corpus luteum 12 to 20 days after timed artificial insemination in dairy cattle. J Dairy Sci 2019; 102:5612-5622. [PMID: 30954257 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-15853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Our objective was to retrospectively compare pregnant versus nonpregnant cattle in terms of vascular and morphometric changes in corpora lutea between d 12 and 20 following timed artificial insemination (TAI). Crossbred (Gir × Holstein) lactating dairy cows (n = 136) and heifers (n = 111) were bred after synchronizing ovulations using an estradiol plus progesterone (P4)-based protocol. Corpus luteum (CL) characteristics (area, echotexture, blood flow) were recorded at 48-h intervals from d 12 to 20 following TAI using an ultrasound equipped with color Doppler. Blood samples were collected to determine CL function (plasma P4). Pregnancy diagnosis was performed at d 30. Quantitative assessment of colored pixels within the CL was performed using ImageJ software (National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD) and echotexture was quantified using custom software. Continuous variables such as luteal tissue area (LTA), CL blood flow (CLBF), adjusted CLBF (ratio LTA:CLBF), mean pixel value (MPV), pixel heterogeneity (HETER), and plasma P4 were analyzed retrospectively as repeated measures (d 12 to 20) in pregnant versus nonpregnant females using PROC MIXED (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC). Main effects were pregnancy status, day of cycle, and their interaction. Further analyses used only data from d 16, because this was the earliest time point of deviation between CLBF of pregnant and nonpregnant animals. We created quartiles for each variable and calculated the risk of pregnancy within quartile. Differences were determined using the chi-squared test. Plasma P4 was significantly higher in prospective pregnant versus nonpregnant cattle on d 18 and 20, whereas LTA differed only on d 20. On d 16, CLBF and adjusted CLBF diverged between pregnant and nonpregnant, followed by a progressive reduction in the latter until d 20. Mean pixel value was not affected by pregnancy status, but HETER was lower on d 20 in pregnant than in nonpregnant cattle. Likelihood of pregnancy increased from quartile (Q)1 (lowest values) to Q4 (highest) of CLBF (Q4 vs. Q1, odds ratio = 32.8, 95% confidence interval: 9.6 to 112.1) and adjusted CLBF [Q4 vs. Q1, odds ratio = 25.4, 95% confidence interval: 8.1 to 80.4), whereas a lower risk of pregnancy was observed only for animals within Q1 of plasma P4 [Q4 vs. Q1, odds ratio = 3.1, 95% confidence interval: 1.3 to 7.2). Day 16 quartiles of LTA, MPV, and HETER did not affect odds of pregnancy. In conclusion, we identified distinct CLBF patterns as early as 16 d after TAI and confirmed that CL function is lost by a reduction in blood flow, which precedes physical regression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Eliza D Souza
- Embrapa Gado de Leite, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil 36038-330
| | - Luiz F Feres
- Universidade Jose do Rosario Vellano, Alfenas, MG, Brazil 37130-000
| | | | | | - João H Viana
- Universidade Jose do Rosario Vellano, Alfenas, MG, Brazil 37130-000; Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasília, DF, Brazil 70770-917.
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18
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Fonseca JF, Oliveira MEF, Brandão FZ, Batista RITP, Garcia AR, Bartlewski PM, Souza-Fabjan JMG. Non-surgical embryo transfer in goats and sheep: the Brazilian experience. Reprod Fertil Dev 2019; 31:17-26. [DOI: 10.1071/rd18324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Brazil has presented tremendous progress in non-surgical embryo transfer (NSET) in sheep and goats. New instruments and techniques for non-surgical embryo recovery (NSER) and NSET in small ruminants were implemented. Recent improvements include refinement of the protocols for cervical relaxation combining oestradiol–oxytocin–cloprostenol treatment at specific times before NSER in sheep; recipient goats do not require any hormonal drugs to induce cervical dilation and direct embryo transfer by the cervical route yields excellent results. Transrectal ovarian ultrasonography (B-mode but especially colour Doppler) have proven to be accurate methods to localise and enumerate corpora lutea and luteinised unovulated follicles in recipient and donor does and ewes. An array of new criteria for selecting superior animals for NSER and NSET (e.g. cervical mapping) have been developed by Brazilian researchers. Extensive studies on both technologies were initially conducted in commercial breeds of goats and sheep but have been gradually extended to some native breeds of sheep (germplasm conservation) and dairy goat operations. It is speculated that, in future, NSER and NSET may become methods of choice for caprine and ovine embryo recovery and transfer in Brazil, and then globally. Due primarily to the efficiency of NSET in goats, a novel interspecies (e.g. bovine) IVP method may soon be developed on a large scale. The Brazilian experience is an invaluable source of information and know-how promoting the replacement of conventional surgical assisted reproductive technologies with non-surgical procedures and hence supporting the rapid development of the embryo transfer industry in small ruminants.
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19
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Garcia Kako Rodriguez M, Serpa Maciel G, Ramirez Uscategui RA, Correia Santos VJ, Perecin Nociti R, Del Aguila da Silva P, Rossi Feliciano MA, Zandonadi Brandão F, Ferreira Fonseca J, Franco Oliveira ME. Early luteal development in Santa Inês ewes superovulated with reduced doses of porcine follicle‐stimulating hormone. Reprod Domest Anim 2018; 54:456-463. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.13374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Giovanna Serpa Maciel
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias UNESP—Universidade Estadual Paulista Jaboticabal Brazil
| | | | | | - Ricardo Perecin Nociti
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias UNESP—Universidade Estadual Paulista Jaboticabal Brazil
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Hassan M, Arshad U, Bilal M, Sattar A, Avais M, Bollwein H, Ahmad N. Luteal blood flow measured by Doppler ultrasonography during the first three weeks after artificial insemination in pregnant and non-pregnant Bos indicus dairy cows. J Reprod Dev 2018; 65:29-36. [PMID: 30393273 PMCID: PMC6379759 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2018-084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine if there are differences in luteal size (LS), progesterone (P4), and luteal blood flow (LBF) between pregnant and non-pregnant Bos
indicus dairy cows during the first three weeks after insemination, and whether these parameters are related to each other. Lactating cows (n = 13) of mixed parity with a body
weight of 430 ± 18 kg (mean ± SD), showing regular estrous cycle were used in the study. All cows were artificially inseminated and were classified as pregnant (embryonic heartbeat on day
30; n = 8) or non-pregnant (inter-estrus interval 17 to 21 days, n = 5). In order to compare the LS and LBF after artificial insemination, B-mode and color Doppler ultrasonography of ovaries
were performed on days 4, 5, 6, 7 (first week), 8, 10, 12, 14, (second week), and 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21 (third week) in pregnant and non-pregnant cows. Results revealed that the mean LBF
was consistently higher (P < 0.05) during days 7 through 21 in pregnant cows than in non-pregnant cows. The mean LS was higher (P < 0.05) on days 6 and 7, and from day 17 onwards, and
the mean concentration of P4 was higher (P < 0.05) on days 19, 20, and 21 in pregnant cows. In conclusion, LBF is a more sensitive parameter than LS and P4 for detection of differences in
luteal function between pregnant and non-pregnant Bos indicus dairy cows during the first three weeks after AI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mubbashar Hassan
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan.,Present: Clinic of Reproductive Medicine, Vetsuisse-Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich CH-8057, Switzerland
| | - Usman Arshad
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- Department of Statistics and Computer Science, Faculty of Life Sciences and Business Management, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Sattar
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Avais
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Heinrich Bollwein
- Clinic of Reproductive Medicine, Vetsuisse-Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich CH-8057, Switzerland
| | - Nasim Ahmad
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
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Accuracy of assessment of luteal morphology and luteal blood flow for prediction of early pregnancy in goats. Theriogenology 2018; 121:104-111. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2018.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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da Fonseca JF, Castro ACR, Arashiro EKN, Oliveira MEF, Zambrini FN, Esteves LV, Brandão FZ, Souza-Fabjan JMG. Effects of hCG administration on accessory corpus luteum formation and progesterone production in estrous-induced nulliparous Santa Inês ewes. Anim Reprod 2018; 15:135-139. [PMID: 34122644 PMCID: PMC8186880 DOI: 10.21451/1984-3143-ar2017-957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of hCG administration on accessory corpus luteum (ACL) formation, CL area, and
plasma progesterone (P4) concentration (ng/mL) seven days after breeding was studied in
nulliparous Santa Inês sheep. Intravaginal 60 mg MAP sponges were inserted into ewes
for six days and 300 IU eCG i.m. and 30 µg d-cloprostenol latero-vulvar were administered
24 h before sponge removal. Ewes were naturally bred and, seven days after first mating (Day
0; D0), were treated with either 250 IU hCG (hCG group; n = 7) or 1 mL saline solution (control
group; n = 7). Blood was collected to determine plasma P4 concentrations and sonograms were
performed on Days 7, 10, 13, 16, 19, and 22. Number of CL on D7 was similar (P > 0.05) between
hCG (1.3 ± 0.5) and control (1.3 ± 0.5) groups; however, on D13, it was greater
(P < 0.05) in the hCG group (2.3 ± 0.5) than in the control group (1.3 ± 0.5).
A greater (P < 0.05) luteal tissue area was detected in hCG-treated ewes (n = 4) on Days 16
to 22 than in the animals in the control group (n = 7). Plasma P4 concentration on D13 to D22 was
higher (P < 0.05) in hCG-treated animals than in control ewes. Administration of hCG seven
days after estrus onset efficiently induced accessory CL formation in ewes, increasing luteal
tissue area and plasma P4 concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Maria Emilia Franco Oliveira
- Department of Preventative Veterinary Medicine and Animal Reproduction, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Nunes Zambrini
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Viçosa, Av PH Rolfs s/n, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
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Vrisman DP, Bastos NM, Rossi GF, Rodrigues NN, Borges LPB, Taira AR, de Paz CCP, Nogueira GDP, Teixeira PPM, Monteiro FM, Oliveira MEF. Corpus luteum dynamics after ovulation induction with or without previous exposure to progesterone in prepubertal Nellore heifers. Theriogenology 2018; 106:60-68. [PMID: 29040877 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The objectives of this study were 1) to monitor corpus luteum (CL) dynamics after two different protocols of ovulation induction in prepubertal Nellore heifers, and 2) to determine differences in luteal function. Fifty-seven heifers (weight 289.61 ± 32.28 kg, BCS 5.66 ± 0.65, age 17.47 ± 0.81 months) were divided into two groups: GP4+GnRH received a progesterone (P4) device of 3rd use for 10 days, followed by the administration of 0.02 mg buserelin acetate (GnRH) 48 h after removal of the device, and GGnRH received only GnRH. The CLs formed were monitored by ultrasonography every 2 days until their functional regression (decrease in the color Doppler signal and serum P4 concentration < 1 ng/mL), determining their diameter and area, numerical pixel value (NPV), pixel heterogeneity, and vascularization percentage. The peak systolic velocity, end diastolic velocity, resistivity index and pulsatility index (PI) of the ovarian artery and serum P4 concentration were also measured. A lifespan of the CL of more than 16 days was classified as normal-function and of less than 16 days as premature regression. The variables were compared between treatments, CL categories (normal-functional, prematurely regressed or non-functional), days of evaluation, and their interactions using the MIXED procedure of the SAS program (p ≤ 0.05). Three animals of each group (6/57 = 11%) did not respond to treatment, corresponding to an ovulation rate of 89%. There was a higher percentage of normal-function CLs in GP4+GnRH (81%) and a higher percentage of non-functional CLs in GGnRH (52%; P4 concentration < 1 ng/mL in all assessments). Normal-function CLs exhibited a greater area, vascularization percentage and P4 concentration than prematurely regressed and non-functional CLs. Lower diameter, area, NPV and P4 concentration were observed for non-functional CLs, but there was no difference in vascularization percentage compared to prematurely regressed CLs. Progesterone concentration was efficient in diagnosing CL function and was positively correlated with CL area (r = 0.62; p < 0.001) and vascularization percentage (r = 0.38; p < 0.001). Diameter and PI were important for the early diagnosis of non-functional and prematurely regressed CLs, respectively. In conclusion, luteal function differed for the first CL that develops after ovulation induction in prepubertal heifers. Ultrasonographic parameters (diameter, area, NPV, vascularization percentage, and PI) can be used to predict CL function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayane Priscila Vrisman
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Reprodução Animal, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (FCAV/UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, 14884-900, Brazil.
| | - Natália Marins Bastos
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Reprodução Animal, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (FCAV/UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, 14884-900, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Fazan Rossi
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Reprodução Animal, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (FCAV/UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, 14884-900, Brazil
| | - Naiara Nantes Rodrigues
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Reprodução Animal, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (FCAV/UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, 14884-900, Brazil
| | | | - Augusto Ryonosuke Taira
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Reprodução Animal, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (FCAV/UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, 14884-900, Brazil
| | | | - Guilherme de Paula Nogueira
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária de Araçatuba (FMVA/UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, 16050-680, Brazil
| | | | - Fábio Morato Monteiro
- Instituto de Zootecnia, Centro APTA Bovinos de Corte, Sertãozinho, São Paulo, 14160-970, Brazil
| | - Maria Emília Franco Oliveira
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Reprodução Animal, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (FCAV/UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, 14884-900, Brazil.
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Early pregnancy diagnosis in ewes by subjective assessment of luteal vascularisation using colour Doppler ultrasonography. Theriogenology 2018; 106:247-252. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Revised: 10/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Pinto PHN, Bragança GM, Balaro MFA, Arashiro EKN, dos Santos GB, de Souza GN, Souza-Fabjan JMG, Da Fonseca JF, Brandão FZ. Colour-Doppler ultrasound imaging as a laparoscopy substitute to count corpora lutea in superovulated sheep. Reprod Domest Anim 2017; 53:266-269. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.13089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- PHN Pinto
- Universidade Federal Fluminense; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - GM Bragança
- Universidade Federal Fluminense; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - MFA Balaro
- Universidade Federal Fluminense; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - EKN Arashiro
- Universidade Federal Fluminense; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - GB dos Santos
- Universidade Federal Fluminense; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | | | | | | | - FZ Brandão
- Universidade Federal Fluminense; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
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Petridis I, Barbagianni M, Ioannidi K, Samaras E, Fthenakis G, Vloumidi E. Doppler ultrasonographic examination in sheep. Small Rumin Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2016.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Balaro MFA, Santos AS, Moura LFGM, Fonseca JF, Brandão FZ. Luteal dynamic and functionality assessment in dairy goats by luteal blood flow, luteal biometry, and hormonal assay. Theriogenology 2017; 95:118-126. [PMID: 28460665 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Revised: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the luteal dynamics of pregnant and non-pregnant Saanen goats throughout an estrous cycle by B-mode and color Doppler ultrasonography (US) associated with a P4 hormonal assay. Furthermore, a cutoff point was chosen to determine the corpus luteum (CL) functionality by luteal biometry (LB) measurement and luteal blood flow (LBF) assessment. Ultrasound assessment was carried out daily throughout an entire estrous cycle (21 days) in 23 Saanen goats pre-synchronized and inseminated in the breeding season. The plasmatic P4 concentration was determined daily by radioimmunoassay. LB parameters (diameter, area, and volume) were measured using the maximum area of a cross-section of the CL. LBF assessment was performed subjectively by percentage of area of colored pixels and objectively by calculating the number of the colored pixels. Eventually, 45.0% (9/20) and 55.0% (11/20) of goats became pregnant and or remained non-pregnant, respectively. The LB and LBF demonstrated value stabilization on the 9th day of the estrous cycle and maximum values on the 12th and 13th days of the estrous cycle, respectively. LB presented a progressive decrease in the luteal regression phase, whereas the LBF decreased abruptly in association with P4. The LBF values were more reliable in predicting the luteal functionality when compared to the LB data. The number of colored pixels accurately predicted values of P4 >1.0 ng/mL, reaching only 17% of the maximum values, and 1200 colored pixels as a minimum cutoff point when compared to the use of 53% of the maximum values and a minimum luteal diameter of 9.0 mm as cutoff point for P4 >1.0 ng/mL. The LBF assessment was more informative about the CL functionality throughout the complete luteal phase when compared to the LB. The use of the number of colored pixels is indicated for research regarding luteal functionality due to their greater correlation with P4 values. In addition, the luteal subjective evaluation can be used under field conditions due to greater convenience and similar pattern of correlation with P4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Felipe A Balaro
- Departamento de Patologia e Clínica Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Vital Brasil Filho, 64, 24320-340, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Alex S Santos
- Departamento de Patologia e Clínica Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Vital Brasil Filho, 64, 24320-340, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil
| | - Luiz Fernando G M Moura
- Departamento de Patologia e Clínica Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Vital Brasil Filho, 64, 24320-340, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil
| | - Jeferson F Fonseca
- Embrapa Goats and Sheep, Rodovia MG 133, km 42, CEP 36155-000, Coronel Pacheco, MG, Brazil
| | - Felipe Z Brandão
- Departamento de Patologia e Clínica Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Vital Brasil Filho, 64, 24320-340, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil
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Fonseca JF, Souza-Fabjan JMG, Oliveira MEF, Leite CR, Nascimento-Penido PMP, Brandão FZ, Lehloenya KC. Nonsurgical embryo recovery and transfer in sheep and goats. Theriogenology 2016; 86:144-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Revised: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Santarosa BP, Ferreira DO, Belotta AF, Dias A, Mamprim MJ, Gonçalves RC. B-Mode and pulsed Doppler sonography of kidney in healthy sheep according to age. PESQUISA VETERINÁRIA BRASILEIRA 2016. [DOI: 10.1590/s0100-736x2016000600014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract: There is no standardization in the literature of kidney length in sheep at different ages, as there are few studies about the access with the Doppler triplex ultrasound for the renal vascularization in this species. Eighty healthy sheep of three age groups of Ile de France and White Dorper breed were used: 20 lambs, 30 yearlings and 30 adults (8 rams and 22 ewes). Renal healthiness of the animals was confirmed by serum biochemical tests of urea and creatinine, and by observation of renal architecture with conventional ultrasound, besides measurement of vital parameters. A portable ultrasound (My LabTM30 Vet Gold Esaote®, Esaote Healthcare) device was used, with a convex transducer with 3.5MHz frequency. After identification of the kidneys in two-dimensional mode, the measurement of length in the sagittal section was performed in all sheep (n=80). Then color Doppler was activated for visualization of renal and interlobar arteries of the right kidney, and the resistivity index (RI) of the yearlings (n=30) and ewes (n=22) was measured. Biochemical tests remained within normal limits and renal architecture was preserved. The values of the right and left renal length were different between the groups, increasing with age (4.34cm and 4.31cm in lambs; 6.08cm and 6.23cm in yearlings; 7.57cm and 7.37cm in adults, respectively). Median values of RI of the renal artery were statistically different (p<0.05) between the groups of yearlings (0.57) and ewes (0.52). The median RI of the interlobar artery was similar in yearlings (0.58) and ewes (0.54).
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Efficiency of different hormonal treatments for estrus synchronization in tropical Santa Inês sheep. Trop Anim Health Prod 2016; 48:545-51. [DOI: 10.1007/s11250-015-0989-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 12/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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