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Panne NC, Gerke JS, Kammer M, Plattner S, Unger S, Baumgartner C, Mansfeld R. [Relationship between body condition of dairy cows in the peripartum period and selected metabolic parameters in consideration of different breeds]. Tierarztl Prax Ausg G Grosstiere Nutztiere 2024; 52:137-154. [PMID: 38925127 DOI: 10.1055/a-2276-1161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The results of this study describe the relationship between the body condition of dairy cows and selected metabolic parameters during the peri- and post-partum period with special consideration of 3 local dairy cow breed in Upper Bavaria and the Allgau. MATERIAL AND METHODS Three local dairy cattle breeds (Swiss Brown (BV), Simmental (FL), Holstein Friesian (HF)) were examined on 68 farms in southern Germany for 7 consecutive weeks. In dry cows as well as lactating cows (5.-65. day in milk), following blood parameters were investigated: beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, glutamate dehydrogenase, total protein, albumin, creatine kinase. In addition, body condition (body condition score [BCS] and back fat thickness [BFT]) were recorded. Exploratory and descriptive statistics were used for data analysis. RESULTS Concerning the difference in condition before and after calving, the FL showed the smallest difference in RFD. For FL and BV a trend towards higher BFT values could be seen in first lactating cows. For FL and HF, the NEFA values of the later lactating cows were below those of the first lactating cows. The higher lactating cows of BV and FL had higher BHB values. The correlation between BFT and BCS showed the highest R2 (0.53) in the HF cows. BV and FL were below at 0.42 and 0.37. BCS and BFT could not be predicted by the variables NEFA, BHB and liver enzymes. BHB levels of all 3 breeds increased at weeks 2-4 post-partum. The NEFA values for all 3 breeds increased primarily in the 1st-3rd week p.p. in parallel to when the BFT p.p. decreased. NEFA values were highest when body condition declined and therefore when fat mobilization peaked. In BV and HF, there was a constant increase in GLDH when the p.p. BCS difference was there. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Body condition assessment (BCS at herd and animals` level, BFT at animal level) is an important tool for animal health monitoring. Due to the recognizable breed specificity, the dairy herds can be dealt with more explicitly. The aim is to optimally influence the energy balance of the cow during early lactation in order maintain the health of the animal and its organ systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Carina Panne
- Klinik für Wiederkäuer mit Ambulanz und Bestandsbetreuung der Tierärztlichen Fakultät der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
- Milchprüfring Bayern e.V., Wolnzach
| | - Julia Sophia Gerke
- Landeskuratorium der Erzeugerringe für tierische Veredelung in Bayern e.V., München
| | - Martin Kammer
- Landeskuratorium der Erzeugerringe für tierische Veredelung in Bayern e.V., München
| | - Stefan Plattner
- Klinik für Wiederkäuer mit Ambulanz und Bestandsbetreuung der Tierärztlichen Fakultät der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
- Milchprüfring Bayern e.V., Wolnzach
| | - Sarah Unger
- Klinik für Wiederkäuer mit Ambulanz und Bestandsbetreuung der Tierärztlichen Fakultät der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
- Milchprüfring Bayern e.V., Wolnzach
| | | | - Rolf Mansfeld
- Klinik für Wiederkäuer mit Ambulanz und Bestandsbetreuung der Tierärztlichen Fakultät der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
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Angeli E, Barcarolo D, Ribas LE, Matiller V, Addona SM, Rey F, Ortega HH, Hein GJ. Biomarkers of oxidative stress and liver function in early lactation and their relationship with the reproductive efficiency of multiparous grazing dairy cows in Argentina. A retrospective study. Vet Res Commun 2023; 47:1817-1830. [PMID: 37115462 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-023-10134-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to analyze the possible relationship between days to conception and different oxidative stress (OS) biomarkers and liver functional parameters in multiparous dairy cows. Besides, a fast reliable method for the accurate measurement of malondialdehyde (MDA) by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was developed in several matrices. During lactation, the days to conception of 28 cows were determined for a retrospective study. According to this parameter, cows were divided into two groups: high and low days to conception (HDC and LDC, respectively). Blood, urine and liver biopsies were sampled 21 days before the expected calving date, and 7 and 21 days after calving. The method developed for MDA was validated according to international requirements. The lower limit of quantification was 0.25 µmol/L for plasma and urine and 10.00 µmol/L for liver tissue. No differences between groups were observed in the systemic concentration of non-esterified fatty acids, β-hydroxybutyric acid and liver triacylglycerol content (P > 0.05). Cholesterol concentration was higher in the LDC than in the HDC group (P < 0.05). Plasma 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) concentration was lower in the LDC than in the HDC group on day 21 post-calving (P < 0.05). Superoxide dismutase activity was higher in the LDC than in the HDC group (P < 0.05). Particularly, in the liver, 3-NT and MDA concentrations were lower in the LDC than in the HDC group (P < 0.05). These results allow inferring that the amelioration of OS biomarkers in plasma and liver could be related to a better reproductive performance of dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Angeli
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular Y Molecular Aplicada, Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral (ICIVET Litoral), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL) / Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Y Técnicas (CONICET), Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Daiana Barcarolo
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular Y Molecular Aplicada, Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral (ICIVET Litoral), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL) / Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Y Técnicas (CONICET), Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Lucas E Ribas
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular Y Molecular Aplicada, Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral (ICIVET Litoral), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL) / Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Y Técnicas (CONICET), Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina
- Facultad de Ingeniería Química - Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Valentina Matiller
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular Y Molecular Aplicada, Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral (ICIVET Litoral), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL) / Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Y Técnicas (CONICET), Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Silvina M Addona
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular Y Molecular Aplicada, Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral (ICIVET Litoral), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL) / Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Y Técnicas (CONICET), Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina
- Facultad de Ingeniería Química - Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Florencia Rey
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular Y Molecular Aplicada, Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral (ICIVET Litoral), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL) / Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Y Técnicas (CONICET), Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Hugo H Ortega
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular Y Molecular Aplicada, Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral (ICIVET Litoral), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL) / Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Y Técnicas (CONICET), Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Gustavo J Hein
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular Y Molecular Aplicada, Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral (ICIVET Litoral), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL) / Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Y Técnicas (CONICET), Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina.
- Centro Universitario Gálvez, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Gálvez, Santa Fe, Argentina.
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Ajay A, Chauhan A, Vaishnav S, Rani C, Kumar B, De UK, Verma MR, Singh M, Gaur GK. Impact of body condition on sow and litter performance, postpartum physiological, hematological, and biochemical parameters in Landlly crossbred pigs. Trop Anim Health Prod 2023; 55:393. [PMID: 37923850 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-023-03772-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
A total of 32 Landlly crossbred sows were categorized into three groups based on their body condition score (BCS) on the 90th day of gestation viz. low, moderate, and high body condition groups. BCS assessments were subsequently conducted on the 102nd day, at farrowing, and on the 7th, 17th, 27th, and 42nd day postpartum, along with measurements of ultrasonic backfat thickness and body weight. Key reproductive performance traits, including total number born (TNB) and alive (TLA), stillbirths, mummification, and litter weight at birth and weaning, were recorded. Several physiological, health, biochemical, and hematological parameters were also estimated at different lactation stages. Analysis of the data revealed that TNB, TLA (P<0.04), and weaned piglets (P<0.01), as well as litter weight at birth (P<0.08) and weaning (P<0.08), were significantly higher in the low BCS group. Meanwhile, the weaning to estrous interval (P<0.04) was optimized in the high and moderate BCS groups. However, sows with high body condition exhibited higher stillbirths and pre-weaning mortality. Additionally, the order of increasing body condition correlated with superior colostrum quality, characterized by higher IgG levels (P<0.02), and increased average milk yield during early and mid-lactation (P<0.03). A high occurrence of postpartum dysgalactia syndrome (PDS) was evident in obese sows (P<0.001). Moreover, a positive correlation was found between the body condition of sows at late gestation and cortisol concentration throughout lactation across the three BCS groups (P<0.0001). Furthermore, a strong positive correlation was observed between the postpartum serum concentration of T3 (thyroid hormone) (P<0.002) and the prepartum body condition of sows. Based on these findings, maintaining sows with a moderate body condition (BCS of 3) and a backfat thickness of 21 mm in the breeding herd is recommended for enhancing profitability and productivity at the farm level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Argana Ajay
- Swine Production Farm, Livestock Production and Management Section, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, UP, 243122, India
| | - Anuj Chauhan
- Swine Production Farm, Livestock Production and Management Section, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, UP, 243122, India.
| | - Sakshi Vaishnav
- Division of Animal Genetics and Breeding, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, UP, 243122, India
| | - Chhaya Rani
- Division of Animal Genetics and Breeding, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, UP, 243122, India
| | - Brijesh Kumar
- Division of Animal Reproduction, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, UP, 243122, India
| | - U K De
- Division of Veterinary Medicine, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, UP, 243122, India
| | - Med Ram Verma
- Division of Livestock Economics and Statistics, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, UP, 243122, India
| | - Mukesh Singh
- Swine Production Farm, Livestock Production and Management Section, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, UP, 243122, India
| | - G K Gaur
- Swine Production Farm, Livestock Production and Management Section, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, UP, 243122, India
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Zhang MQ, Heirbaut S, Jing XP, Stefańska B, Vandaele L, De Neve N, Fievez V. Transition cow clusters with distinctive antioxidant ability and their relation to performance and metabolic status in early lactation. J Dairy Sci 2023; 106:5723-5739. [PMID: 37331874 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2022-22865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic and oxidative stress have been characterized as risk factors during the transition period from pregnancy to lactation. Although mutual relations between both types of stress have been suggested, they rarely have been studied concomitantly. For this, a total of 99 individual transition dairy cows (117 cases, 18 cows sampled during 2 consecutive lactations) were included in this experiment. Blood samples were taken at -7, 3, 6, 9, and 21 d relative to calving and concentrations of metabolic parameters (glucose, β-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA), nonesterified fatty acids, insulin, insulin-like growth factor 1, and fructosamine) were determined. In the blood samples of d 21, biochemical profiles related to liver function and parameters related to oxidative status were determined. First, cases were allocated to 2 different BHBA groups (ketotic vs. nonketotic, N:n = 20:33) consisting of animals with an average postpartum BHBA concentration and at least 2 out of 4 postpartum sampling points exceeding 1.2 mmol/L or remaining below 0.8 mmol/L, respectively. Second, oxidative parameters [proportion of oxidized glutathione to total glutathione in red blood cells (%)], activity of glutathione peroxidase, and of superoxide dismutase, concentrations of malondialdehyde and oxygen radical absorbance capacity were used to perform a fuzzy C-means clustering. From this, 2 groups were obtained [i.e., lower antioxidant ability (LAA80%, n = 31) and higher antioxidant ability (HAA80%, n = 19)], with 80% referring to the cutoff value for cluster membership. Increased concentrations of malondialdehyde, decreased superoxide dismutase activity, and impaired oxygen radical absorbance capacity were observed in the ketotic group compared with the nonketotic group, and inversely, the LAA80% group showed increased concentrations of BHBA. In addition, the concentration of aspartate transaminase was higher in the LAA80% group compared with the HAA80% group. Both the ketotic and LAA80% groups showed lower dry matter intake. However, a lower milk yield was observed in the LAA80% group but not in the ketotic group. Only 1 out of 19 (5.3%) and 3 out of 31 (9.7%) cases from the HAA80% and LAA80% clusters belong to the ketotic and nonketotic group, respectively. These findings suggested that dairy cows vary in oxidative status at the beginning of the lactation, and fuzzy C-means clustering allows to classify observations with distinctive oxidative status. Dairy cows with higher antioxidant capacity in early lactation rarely develop ketosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Q Zhang
- Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - S Heirbaut
- Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - X P Jing
- Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Gent, Belgium; State Key Laboratory of Grassland and Agro-Ecosystems, International Centre for Tibetan Plateau Ecosystem Management, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - B Stefańska
- Department of Grassland and Natural Landscape Sciences, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 60-632 Poznań, Poland
| | - L Vandaele
- Animal Sciences Unit, ILVO, 9090 Melle, Belgium
| | - N De Neve
- Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - V Fievez
- Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Gent, Belgium.
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Ökmen G, Giannetto D, Fazio F, Arslan K. Investigation of Pomegranate ( Punica granatum L.) Flowers' Antioxidant Properties and Antibacterial Activities against Different Staphylococcus Species Associated with Bovine Mastitis. Vet Sci 2023; 10:394. [PMID: 37368780 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10060394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mastitis is one of the most considerable and costly diseases for dairy herds, and Staphylococcus spp. is known to be the main causative agent. Although antibiotics are widely used in the treatment of mastitis, this can cause both antibiotic residues in milk and the risk of antibiotic resistance occurrence in bacteria. Thus, in recent years, researchers have focused on alternative treatments for this disease and plants extracts are investigated for this purpose. Pomegranate is widely used as a dye, ornament, and medicinal plants in the industry, and the species has a particularly high economic value in Turkey. This study aims to investigate in vitro the antioxidant and antibacterial properties of the pomegranate flower's extracts against different Staphylococcus species associated with bovine mastitis. To this aim, pomegranate flowers were collected from different regions in Turkey and extracts were prepared with three different solvents (methanol, ethanol, and water). The retention factor values of the ethanol extract were determined by thin-layer chromatography. The antibacterial activity tests were carried out via the disk diffusion method. In addition, the extracts were tested against the stable DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate) free radicals for antioxidant activity. Four retention factors (0.79, 0.67, 0.58, and 0.33 points) were found for the ethanol extract. The methanol extract showed the highest inhibition zones against coagulase-negative Staphylococcus-37 (CNS-37) and S. aureus-18. The lowest MIC was 6500 μg/mL. The highest antioxidant activity was observed in methanol extracts. As a result, the extracts of pomegranate flowers showed a high antioxidant and antibacterial potential against the examined mastitis pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gülten Ökmen
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mugla Sıtkı Kocman University, Mugla 48000, Turkey
| | - Daniela Giannetto
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mugla Sıtkı Kocman University, Mugla 48000, Turkey
| | - Francesco Fazio
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Messina University, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Kutbettin Arslan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mugla Sıtkı Kocman University, Mugla 48000, Turkey
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Ghavipanje N, Fathi Nasri MH, Farhangfar SH, Ghiasi SE, Vargas-Bello-Pérez E. The Impact of Dietary Berberine Supplementation during the Transition Period on Blood Parameters, Antioxidant Indicators and Fatty Acids Profile in Colostrum and Milk of Dairy Goats. Vet Sci 2022; 9:vetsci9020076. [PMID: 35202329 PMCID: PMC8874883 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9020076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of berberine (BBR) supplementation on productivity, antioxidant markers, and the fatty acid (FA) profile in the colostrum and milk of goats. Twenty-four primiparous Saanen goats were supplemented with 0, 1, 2, and 4 g/d (per goat) of BBR in control (CON), BBR1, BBR2, and BBR4 groups (n = 6 per group), respectively, from 21 days before expected kidding to 21 days after parturition. Blood sampling was carried out at −21, −14, −7, 0, 7, 14, and 21 d relative to delivery. Colostrum was collected within the first and second milking (d 1 of lactation), and milk was harvested weekly after kidding. Both BBR2 and BBR4 increased dry matter intake (DMI) (p ≤ 0.05) and energy balance (EB) as well as colostrum and milk production. Both BBR2 and BBR4 decreased (p ≤ 0.05) plasma levels of cholesterol, haptoglobin, and ceruloplasmin, while elevating the plasma albumin and paraoxonase (p ≤ 0.05), which may indicate that BBR mitigates inflammation during the transition period. BBR reduced (p ≤ 0.05) malondialdehyde (MDA) and increased (p ≤ 0.05) total antioxidant capacity (TAC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and catalase (CAT) in blood, colostrum, and milk. Concentrations of de novo fatty acid in colostrum and milk were increased (p ≤ 0.05) with both BBR2 and BBR4. Free fatty acid (FFA) concentration in colostrum and milk fat were lower (p ≤ 0.05) in BBR2 and BBR4 compared to CON. The concentration of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) in colostrum and milk fat increased (p ≤ 0.05) with BBR2 and BBR4, while unsaturated fatty acids (USFAs) decreased (p ≤ 0.05) in milk. In summary, supplementation with at least 2 g/d BBR may enhance the EB and antioxidant status of dairy goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navid Ghavipanje
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Birjand 97175-331, Iran; (M.H.F.N.); (S.H.F.); (S.E.G.)
- Correspondence: (N.G.); (E.V.-B.-P.)
| | - Mohammad Hasan Fathi Nasri
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Birjand 97175-331, Iran; (M.H.F.N.); (S.H.F.); (S.E.G.)
| | - Seyyed Homayoun Farhangfar
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Birjand 97175-331, Iran; (M.H.F.N.); (S.H.F.); (S.E.G.)
| | - Seyyed Ehsan Ghiasi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Birjand 97175-331, Iran; (M.H.F.N.); (S.H.F.); (S.E.G.)
| | - Einar Vargas-Bello-Pérez
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
- Correspondence: (N.G.); (E.V.-B.-P.)
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Yu H, Gao X, Loor JJ, Jiang Q, Fang Z, Hao X, Shi Z, Fan M, Chen M, Li X, Liu G, Wang Z, Li X, Du X. Activation of Transcription Factor EB Is Associated With Adipose Tissue Lipolysis in Dairy Cows With Subclinical Ketosis. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:816064. [PMID: 35211541 PMCID: PMC8861084 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.816064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive lipid mobilization for adipose tissue caused by severe negative energy balance is the pathological basis for subclinical ketosis (SCK) in dairy cows. In non-ruminants, transcription factor EB (TFEB) was reported to play a role in the regulation of lipid catabolism, but its role in the control of lipolysis in the bovine is unknown. The present study aimed to determine whether the enhanced TFEB transcriptional activity contributes to lipolysis of adipose tissue in SCK cows, and to explore the possibility of establishing a therapeutic strategy by using TFEB as a target to control lipolysis. Thirty cows with similar lactation number (median = 3, range = 2–4) and days in milk (median = 6 d, range = 3–9) were selected into a healthy control (n = 15) and SCK (n = 15) group, and used for subcutaneous adipose tissue biopsies and blood sampling. Adipocytes from healthy Holstein calves were used as a model for in vitro studies involving treatment with 10 μM isoproterenol (ISO) for 0, 1, 2 and 3 h, 250 nM of the TFEB activator Torin1 for 3 h, or used for transfection with TFEB small interfering RNA for 48 h followed by treatment with 10 μM ISO for 3 h. Compared with healthy cows, adipose tissue in SCK cows showed increased lipolysis accompanied by enhanced TFEB transcriptional activity. In vitro, ISO and Torin1 treatment increased lipolysis and enhanced TFEB transcriptional activity in calf adipocytes. However, knockdown of TFEB attenuated ISO-induced lipolysis in adipocytes. Overall, these findings indicated that enhanced transcriptional activity of TFEB may contribute to lipolysis of adipose tissue in dairy cows with SCK. The regulation of TFEB activity may be an effective therapeutic strategy for controlling overt lipolysis in ketotic cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Xinxing Gao
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Juan J. Loor
- Mammalian NutriPhysioGenomics, Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Qianming Jiang
- Mammalian NutriPhysioGenomics, Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Zhiyuan Fang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Xue Hao
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Zhen Shi
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Minghe Fan
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Meng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Xinwei Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Guowen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Xiaobing Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaobing Li
| | - Xiliang Du
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Jilin, China
- Xiliang Du
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Qian W, Yu H, Zhang C, Zhang H, Fu S, Xia C. Plasma Proteomics Characteristics of Subclinical Vitamin E Deficiency of Dairy Cows During Early Lactation. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:723898. [PMID: 34957273 PMCID: PMC8703030 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.723898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin E (VE) is an essential fat-soluble nutrient for dairy cows. Vitamin E deficiency leads to immune suppression and oxidative stress and increases the susceptibility of cows to reproductive disorders in the early post-partum period. However, studies on plasma proteomics of VE deficiency have not been reported so far. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to understand the changes of blood protein profile in cows with subclinical VE deficiency in the early post-partum period. In this study, plasma protein levels of 14 healthy cows (>4 μg/ml α-tocopherol) and 13 subclinical VE-deficient cows (2–3 μg/ml α-tocopherol) were analyzed by tandem mass tag (TMT). The results showed that there were 26 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in the plasma of cows with subclinical VE deficiency compared with healthy controls. Twenty-one kinds of proteins were downregulated, and five kinds were upregulated, among which eight proteins in protein–protein interactions (PPI) network had direct interaction. These proteins are mainly involved in the MAPK signaling pathway, pantothenic acid and coenzyme A (CoA) biosynthesis, PPAR signaling pathway, and glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchor biosynthesis. The top four DEPs in PPI (APOC3, APOC4, SAA4, PHLD) and one important protein (VNN1) by literature review were further verified by ELISA and Western blot. The expression levels of APOC3, VNN1, and SAA4 were significantly lower than those of healthy controls by ELISA. VNN1 was significantly lower than those of healthy controls by Western blot. VNN1 is closely related to dairy cow subclinical VE deficiency and can be a potential biomarker. It lays a foundation for further research on the lack of pathological mechanism and antioxidative stress of VE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Qian
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Bovine Diseases, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Hongyi Yu
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Bovine Diseases, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Cuiyu Zhang
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Bovine Diseases, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Hongyou Zhang
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Bovine Diseases, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Shixin Fu
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Bovine Diseases, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Cheng Xia
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Bovine Diseases, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
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Obesity-Related Metabolic Dysfunction in Dairy Cows and Horses: Comparison to Human Metabolic Syndrome. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11121406. [PMID: 34947937 PMCID: PMC8705694 DOI: 10.3390/life11121406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity has become a serious health problem with frequent occurrence both in human and animal populations. It is estimated that it may affect over 85% of the human population and 70–80% of horses and cows by 2030. Fat cow syndrome (FCS) is a combination of metabolic, digestive, infectious, and reproductive disorders that affects obese periparturient dairy cows, and occurs most frequently in loose-housing systems, where periparturient and dry cows are fed and managed in one group disregarding the lactation stages. Equine metabolic syndrome (EMS) was named after human metabolic syndrome (MetS) and has insulin dysregulation as a central and consistent feature. It is often associated with obesity, although EMS may occur in a lean phenotype as well. Other inconsistent features of EMS are cardiovascular changes and adipose dysregulation. Laminitis is the main clinical consequence of EMS. MetS holds a 30-years old lead in research and represents a clustering of risk factors that comprise abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and hyperglycemia (impaired fasting glucose or type 2 diabetes mellitus—T2DM), which are associated with doubled atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk, and a 5-fold increased risk for T2DM. The main aim of this review is to provide critical information for better understanding of the underlying mechanisms of obesity-related metabolic dysfunction in animals, especially in cows and horses, in comparison with MetS. Human medicine studies can offer suitable candidate mechanisms to fill the existing gap in the literature, which might be indispensable for owners to tackle FCS, EMS, and their consequences.
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10
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The Antioxidant Properties of Selenium and Vitamin E; Their Role in Periparturient Dairy Cattle Health Regulation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10101555. [PMID: 34679690 PMCID: PMC8532922 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10101555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Dairy cattle experience health risks during the periparturient period. The continuous overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during the transition from late gestation to peak lactation leads to the development of oxidative stress. Oxidative stress is usually considered the main contributor to several diseases such as retained placenta, fatty liver, ketosis, mastitis and metritis in periparturient dairy cattle. The oxidative stress is generally balanced by the naturally available antioxidant system in the body of dairy cattle. However, in some special conditions, such as the peripariparturient period, the natural antioxidant system of a body is not able to balance the ROS production. To cope with this situation, the antioxidants are supplied to the dairy cattle from external sources. Natural antioxidants such as selenium and vitamin E have been found to restore normal health by minimizing the harmful effects of excessive ROS production. The deficiencies of Se and vitamin E have been reported to be associated with various diseases in periparturient dairy cattle. Thus in the current review, we highlight the new insights into the Se and vitamin E supplementation as antioxidant agents in the health regulation of periparturient dairy cattle.
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11
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Alhussien MN, Tiwari S, Panda BSK, Pandey Y, Lathwal SS, Dang AK. Supplementation of antioxidant micronutrients reduces stress and improves immune function/response in periparturient dairy cows and their calves. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2021; 65:126718. [PMID: 33484976 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2021.126718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periparturient period induces stress in cows which fluctuates hormonal and metabolic function and causes immune suppression. Apart from impairing the health, production, and reproduction of cows, it also influences the well-being of newborn calves by decreasing the colostrum quality. Micronutrients are known for optimal health and production and their effects on parturition stress, immune response in both cow and its calf need to be explored. AIM The aim of this study was to see the effect of oral supplementation of micronutrients during the prepartum period on the health status of crossbred dairy cows and subsequently on their newborn calves. METHODS A total of 42 healthy multiparous cows were selected and randomly divided into five groups with seven cows in each group, i.e. control (Basal Diet, BD), VA group (BD + vitamin A, 105 IU), Zn group (BD + zinc sulphate, 60 ppm), VE group (BD + vitamin E, 2500 IU), and combined supplementation (CS) group (BD + combination of VA, Zn, and VE). The supplements were offered in compounded concentrate DM (100 g) to individual cows once daily before the morning feeding and the remaining portion was incorporated in the TMR. Feeding was started one month before the expected days of calving till calving. Blood samples were collected from cows at days -15, -7, -3, 0, +3, +7, and +15 relative to the day of calving. Blood samples from newborn calves and milk samples of cows were collected at days 0, +3, +7, and +15. Milk somatic cell counts (SCC) were estimated using a cell counter. Cortisol was estimated by ELISA kit in blood and milk plasma of cows and in the blood plasma of their calves. Total immunoglobulins (Ig) were estimated in milk of cows and serum of calves using zinc sulphate turbidity method. Blood neutrophils from cows and calves were studied for phagocytic activity (PA) using nitro blue tetrazolium (NBT) assay.Data were analysed by repeated-measures two-way ANOVA using the mixed procedure of SAS, and the pairwise comparison was performed using a multiple comparison test (Tukey). RESULTS Combined supplementation of micronutrients decreased (P < 0.05) maternal blood plasma (control vs. CS group, 5.98 ± 0.20 vs. 3.86 ± 0.23 ng/mL) and milk plasma (3.96 ± 0.13 vs. 2.71 ± 0.10 ng/mL) cortisol, milk SCC (3.05 ± 0.11 vs. 2.12 ± 0.10 × 105 cells/mL) and increased (P < 0.05) total milk Ig concentration (18.80 ± 0.11 vs. 23.04 ± 0.57 mg/mL) and the PA of blood neutrophils (0.84 ± 0.03 vs. 1.07 ± 0.03). Similarly, lower blood cortisol concentration (9.69 ± 0.35 vs. 6.02 ± 0.18 ng/mL) and higher (P < 0.05) total Ig (23.26 ± 0.11 vs. 30.34 ± 0.70 mg/mL) and PA of blood neutrophils (0.37 ± 0.02 vs. 0.52 ± 0.02) were observed in the calves born to CS group of cows as compared to the control. Highest (P < 0.05) positive effects (lower stress levels and higher immune response) of treatment were noticed in CS group followed by VE group and then Zn group. However, VA group didn't differ from the control group. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that micronutrient interventions during the prepartum period can improve the health status of dairy calves and subsequently the well-being of their calves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohanned Naif Alhussien
- Lactation and Immuno-Physiology Laboratory, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India; Animal Production Division, Agricultural College, Aleppo University, Aleppo, Syrian Arab Republic
| | - Sadhana Tiwari
- Livestock Production & Management Section, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India
| | | | - Yogesh Pandey
- Lactation and Immuno-Physiology Laboratory, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India
| | - Surender Singh Lathwal
- Livestock Production & Management Section, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India
| | - Ajay Kumar Dang
- Lactation and Immuno-Physiology Laboratory, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India.
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12
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Shen T, Xu F, Fang Z, Loor JJ, Ouyang H, Chen M, Jin B, Wang X, Shi Z, Zhu Y, Liang Y, Ju L, Song Y, Wang Z, Li X, Du X, Liu G. Hepatic autophagy and mitophagy status in dairy cows with subclinical and clinical ketosis. J Dairy Sci 2021; 104:4847-4857. [PMID: 33551163 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-19150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Severe negative energy balance around parturition is an important contributor to ketosis, a metabolic disorder that occurs most frequently in the peripartal period. Autophagy and mitophagy are important processes responsible for breaking down useless or toxic cellular material, and in particular damaged mitochondria. However, the role of autophagy and mitophagy during the occurrence and development of ketosis is unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate autophagy and mitophagy in the livers of cows with subclinical ketosis (SCK) and clinical ketosis (CK). We assessed autophagy by measuring the protein abundance of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3-II (LC3-II; encoded by MAP1LC3) and sequestosome-1 (p62, encoded by SQSTM1), as well as the mRNA abundance of autophagy-related genes 5 (ATG5), 7 (ATG7), and 12 (ATG12), beclin1 (BECN1), and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3 (PIK3C3). Mitophagy was evaluated by measuring the protein abundance of the mitophagy upstream regulators PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) and Parkin. Liver and blood samples were collected from healthy cows [n = 15; blood β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) concentration <1.2 mM], cows with SCK (n = 15; blood BHB concentration 1.2 to 3.0 mM) and cows with CK (n = 15; blood BHB concentration >3.0 mM with clinical signs) with similar lactation numbers (median = 3, range = 2 to 4) and days in milk (median = 6, range = 3 to 9). The serum activity of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase was greater in cows with CK than in healthy cows. Levels of oxidative stress biomarkers malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide were also higher in liver tissue from ketotic cows (SCK and CK) than from healthy cows. Compared with cows with CK and healthy cows, the hepatic mRNA abundance of MAP1LC3, SQSTM1, ATG5, ATG7, ATG12, and PIK3C3 was upregulated in cows with SCK. Compared with healthy cows, cows with SCK had a lower abundance of p62 and a greater abundance of LC3-II, but levels of both were higher in cows with CK. The mRNA abundance of ATG12 was lower in cows with CK than in healthy cows. Furthermore, the hepatic protein abundance of PINK1 and Parkin was greater in cows with SCK and slightly lower in cows with CK than in healthy cows. These data demonstrated differences in the hepatic activities of autophagy and mitophagy in cows with SCK compared with cows with CK. Although the precise mechanisms for these differences could not be discerned, autophagy and mitophagy seem to be involved in ketosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiyu Shen
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130062, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Renal Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130041, China
| | - Zhiyuan Fang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130062, China
| | - Juan J Loor
- Mammalian NutriPhysioGenomics, Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801
| | - Hongsheng Ouyang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Meng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130062, China
| | - Bo Jin
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130062, China
| | - Xinghui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130062, China
| | - Zhen Shi
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130062, China
| | - Yiwei Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130062, China
| | - Yusheng Liang
- Mammalian NutriPhysioGenomics, Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801
| | - Lingxue Ju
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130062, China
| | - Yuxiang Song
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130062, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130062, China
| | - Xinwei Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130062, China
| | - Xiliang Du
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130062, China.
| | - Guowen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130062, China.
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13
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Yehia SG, Ramadan ES, Megahed EA, Salem NY. Effect of parity on metabolic and oxidative stress profiles in Holstein dairy cows. Vet World 2020; 13:2780-2786. [PMID: 33487998 PMCID: PMC7811534 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2020.2780-2786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Pregnancy and lactation have an impact on health status of animals and constitute burden on body metabolites and the oxidant-antioxidant equilibrium. This study is aimed at evaluating metabolic and oxidative stress patterns and parity impacts in both primiparous and multiparous dairy cows. Materials and Methods Twenty-seven primiparous and multiparous. Holstein cows were enrolled and categorized into four groups according to their physiologic status: Primiparous peripartum heifer (n=5), primiparous postpartum cow (n=9), multiparous peripartum cows (n=5), and multiparous postpartum cows (n=8). Blood sample was taken from each animal - peripartum groups at 3 weeks prepartum and postpartum groups at 3 weeks post-parturition - for complete blood picture, glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, total protein, albumin, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity, and haptoglobin estimation. Results Postpartum primiparous cows showed significant decrease in glucose, total protein, and albumin while showing significant increase in MDA, NEFA, and globulin; on the other hand, multiparous postpartum cows showed significant decrease in glucose, total protein, and albumin, associated with significant increase in cholesterol and MDA when compared with prepartum PP and MP cows, respectively. Postpartum multiparous cows significantly showed reduction in NEFA when compared to primiparous postpartum cows. Hematologic profiles of postpartum primiparous and multiparous cows showed significant decrease in red blood cells and packed cell volume, significant increase in lymphocytes when compared with prepartum cows. Conclusion Metabolic and oxidative abnormalities exist in both primiparous and multiparous cows during the transition phase, however postpartum primiparous cows show higher susceptibility to negative energy balance impacts. Oxidant/antioxidant imbalance occurred in both the primiparous and multiparous postpartum cows, highlighting the importance of oxidative stress profiles in the assessment of metabolic health status during transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimaa G Yehia
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Eman S Ramadan
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Eissa A Megahed
- Veterinary Medicine Directorate - Giza, El Haram, Giza, Egypt
| | - Noha Y Salem
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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14
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Xia WH, Wang L, Niu XD, Wang JH, Wang YM, Li QL, Wang ZY. Supplementation with beta-1,3-glucan improves productivity, immunity and antioxidative status in transition Holstein cows. Res Vet Sci 2020; 134:120-126. [PMID: 33360572 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2020.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Dairy cows undergo dramatic physiological changes during the transition from late pregnancy to early lactation, which make them vulnerable to metabolic stress and immune dysfunction. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of a commercial beta-1,3-glucan product (Aleta™, containing 50% beta-1,3-glucan) on productivity, immunity and antioxidative status in transition cows. Fifty-four multiparous Holstein cows received a control diet or a diet supplemented with 5 or 10 g of beta-1,3-glucan per cow per day from 21 days before expected calving to 21 days after parturition. Blood samples were collected at day -21, 1, and 21 relative to calving. Colostrum and milk were collected at day 1 and 21 after calving, respectively. Data showed that supplementation with beta-1,3-glucan had no effect on milk composition, but increased milk production. Beta-1,3-glucan treatment also improved the milk quality, as shown by reduced milk somatic cell count and increased immunoglobulin levels in colostrum. Notably, beta-1,3-glucan markedly reduced serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and C-reactive protein, while elevated serum immunoglobulin levels, indicating its immunity enhancement in transition cows. Moreover, beta-1,3-glucan addition reduced the serum malondialdehyde level and enhanced the activities of serum superoxide dismutase and catalase, which enhanced the antioxidative capacity in transition cows. In summary, supplementation with beta-1,3-glucan improves productivity, immunity and antioxidative status in transition dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hao Xia
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City 271018, China
| | - Lin Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City 271018, China
| | - Xu-Dong Niu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City 271018, China
| | - Jun-Hong Wang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yan-Ming Wang
- Kemin (China) Technologies Animal Nutrition and Health, Zhuhai 519040, China
| | - Qing-Lei Li
- Shandong Hi-speed Bioengineering Co., Ltd., Jinan 251400, China
| | - Zhen-Yong Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City 271018, China.
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15
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Ren ZH, Bai LP, Shen LH, Luo ZZ, Zhou ZH, Zuo ZC, Ma XP, Deng JL, Wang Y, Xu SY, Luo YH, Cao SZ, Yu SM. Comparative iTRAQ Proteomics Reveals Multiple Effects of Selenium Yeast on Dairy Cows in Parturition. Biol Trace Elem Res 2020; 197:464-474. [PMID: 31858401 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-019-01999-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The effects of prepartum dietary supplementation with selenium yeast on low abundant plasma proteins in postpartum dairy cows are not known. In this study, 24 healthy parturient dairy cows were divided into two groups (group C, a control group, and group T, a selenium treatment group). Low abundance proteins were extracted from plasma samples of calving cows, and 542 proteins were identified by isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) proteomic analysis. Dietary supplementation with selenium yeast caused differential abundance of 48 proteins with a fold change of more than 1.2 or less than 0.83 (p < 0.05); 14 proteins were upregulated and 34 were downregulated. The top five gene ontology (GO) enrichment terms for the differentially expressed proteins were protein homotetramerization (or tetramerization), defense response to bacteria or fungus, acute-phase reactions, nucleotide catabolic process, and positive regulation of lipid metabolic process. All proteins involved in acute-phase reactions were downregulated, indicating that selenium ameliorates systemic inflammation. The vast majority of proteins involved in the defense response to microorganisms were downregulated, thereby affecting innate immunity. The decreased abundance of apolipoprotein A-I and apolipoprotein C-II, critical proteins for positive regulation of lipid metabolism, indicated that selenium may optimize lipid metabolism. The iTRAQ results showed that prenatal supplementation with yeast selenium can relieve systemic inflammation after parturition. Moreover, selenium may reduce the effects of metabolic diseases, which can improve glyconeogenesis and prevent ketosis and fatty liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Hua Ren
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Li-Peng Bai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Liu-Hong Shen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Zheng-Zhong Luo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Zi-Han Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Zhi-Cai Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Xiao-Ping Ma
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Jun-Liang Deng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Ya Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Sheng-Yu Xu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yu-Heng Luo
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Sui-Zhong Cao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Shu-Min Yu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China.
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16
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Effects of beta-1,3-glucan supplementation on concentrations of serum metabolites in transition Holstein cows. Res Vet Sci 2020; 132:250-256. [PMID: 32659488 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2020.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Objectives of this study were to evaluate the alleviating effects of a commercial beta-1,3-glucan product (Aleta, containing 50% beta-1,3-glucan, Kemin Industries) on metabolic stress in transition Holstein cows as reflected by circulating metabolites and enzymes. Fifty-four multiparous Holstein cows were randomly allocated to three groups with 18 cows each. Cows in each group received a commercial basal diet or the basal diet supplemented with Aleta calculated to supply 5 or 10 g of Aleta per cow per day. Blood samples were collected at day -21, 1, and 21 relative to calving for determination of serum triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), glucose, insulin, β-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), and non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA). Supplementation with Aleta markedly elevated serum concentrations of TG, TC, HDLC, LDL-C and VLDL, implying its positive effect on lipid metabolism in transition dairy cows. Aleta treatment significantly decreased the serum concentrations of NEFA and BHBA, but markedly elevated the serum concentrations of glucose and insulin. Also, Aleta treatment significantly elevated the dry matter intake and milk production in postpartum cows, indicating the alleviating effect of Aleta on negative energy balance in transition cows. Moreover, Aleta treatment significantly reduced the serum activities of AST, ALT and GGT, indicating its hepatoprotective effect on transition cows. These results suggest that Aleta supplementation may help to improve fat metabolism disorder initiated by negative energy balance in transition dairy cows.
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17
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Wu J, Liu J, Wang D. Effects of body condition on the insulin resistance, lipid metabolism and oxidative stress of lactating dairy cows. Lipids Health Dis 2020; 19:56. [PMID: 32228618 PMCID: PMC7106888 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-020-01233-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overconditioned dairy cows are prone to greater insulin resistance in transition to successfully adapt to negative energy balance. The associations among body condition score (BCS), insulin resistance, lipid metabolism and oxidative stress in cows during late lactation with positive energy balance remain to be elucidated. METHODS The objectives of this study were to investigate insulin sensitivity and oxidative status in late lactating dairy cows with different BCS but similar milk production, parity and days in milk. Forty-two multiparous Holstein cows were fed the same diet under the same management and divided into three groups based on BCS: low BCS (LBCS; BCS ≤ 2.75; n = 12), medium BCS (MBCS; 3.0 ≤ BCS ≤ 3.5; n = 15) or high BCS (HBCS; BCS ≥ 3.75; n = 15). Blood samples used for analysis of biochemical and hematological parameters were collected from the coccygeal vein at the end of experiment. RESULTS The concentrations of insulin and nonesterified fatty acid were higher and the revised quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (RQUICKI) was lower in HBCS cows than in LBCS and MBCS cows. These results suggest that insulin resistance exacerbates lipolysis in HBCS cows. Serum concentrations of very low-density lipoprotein, apolipoprotein A-I, and apolipoprotein B were lower in HBCS cows than in LBCS or MBCS cows. Although LBCS and MBCS cows had higher reactive oxygen species levels than did HBCS cows, the malondialdehyde concentration was not different among cows with different BCS. Ceruloplasmin activity was higher in MBCS and HBCS cows than in LBCS cows, but superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and paraoxonase activities were not different among cows with different BCS. Despite the higher percentage of granulocytes in MBCS cows than in HBCS cows, no differences were found in leukocyte counts, red blood cell profiles and platelet profiles among the cows in the three groups. CONCLUSIONS Results of this study showed that compared with MBCS and LBCS cows, HBCS cows at late lactation stage may have accumulated more hepatic triacylglycerol and lower antioxidant potential due to greater insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajin Wu
- Institute of Dairy Science, MoE Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianxin Liu
- Institute of Dairy Science, MoE Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Diming Wang
- Institute of Dairy Science, MoE Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China.
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18
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Piras C, Morittu VM, Spina AA, Soggiu A, Greco V, Ramé C, Briant E, Mellouk N, Tilocca B, Bonizzi L, Roncada P, Dupont J. Unraveling the Adipose Tissue Proteome of Transition Cows through Severe Negative Energy Balance. Animals (Basel) 2019; 9:E1013. [PMID: 31766506 PMCID: PMC6940989 DOI: 10.3390/ani9121013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Fat mobilization in high-yielding dairy cows during early lactation occurs to overcome negative energy balance (NEB), caused by insufficient feed intake and the concomitant increased nutritional requirements. For this reason, adipose tissue represents an essential organ for healthy and performant lactation. However, only a few data are known about adipose tissue proteome and its metabolic status during peripartum. The aim of this study was to analyze the differential proteomics profiles of subcutaneous adipose tissue belonging to cows with different NEB scores (low NEB and severe NEB). Both groups were analyzed at three different time points (one month before calving, one and sixteen weeks after calving) that were related to different levels and rates of adipose tissue mobilization. The dataset highlighted the differential expression of the same four key proteins (annexin A2, actin-related protein 10, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, and fatty acid-binding protein) involved in lipid metabolism during all time points and of other 22 proteins typical of the other comparisons among remaining time points. The obtained dataset suggested that the individual variability in adipose tissue metabolism/mobilization/energy availability could be linked to the different outcomes in levels of energy balance and related physical complications among dairy cows during peripartum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Piras
- Department of Chemistry, University of Reading, Reading RG66AH, UK;
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy;
| | - Valeria Maria Morittu
- Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graæcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (V.M.M.); (A.A.S.); (B.T.)
| | - Anna Antonella Spina
- Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graæcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (V.M.M.); (A.A.S.); (B.T.)
| | - Alessio Soggiu
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy;
| | - Viviana Greco
- Istituto di Biochimica e Biochimica Clinica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Roma, Italy;
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Roma, Italy
| | - Christelle Ramé
- Department of Animal Physiology and Livestock Systems, French National Institute for Agricultural Research—INRA, F-37380 Nouzilly, France; (C.R.); (E.B.); (N.M.)
| | - Eric Briant
- Department of Animal Physiology and Livestock Systems, French National Institute for Agricultural Research—INRA, F-37380 Nouzilly, France; (C.R.); (E.B.); (N.M.)
| | - Namya Mellouk
- Department of Animal Physiology and Livestock Systems, French National Institute for Agricultural Research—INRA, F-37380 Nouzilly, France; (C.R.); (E.B.); (N.M.)
| | - Bruno Tilocca
- Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graæcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (V.M.M.); (A.A.S.); (B.T.)
| | - Luigi Bonizzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Chirurgiche ed Odontoiatriche, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy;
| | - Paola Roncada
- Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graæcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (V.M.M.); (A.A.S.); (B.T.)
| | - Joëlle Dupont
- Department of Animal Physiology and Livestock Systems, French National Institute for Agricultural Research—INRA, F-37380 Nouzilly, France; (C.R.); (E.B.); (N.M.)
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Folnožić I, Samardžija M, Đuričić D, Vince S, Perkov S, Jelušić S, Valpotić H, Ljubić BB, Lojkić M, Gračner D, Žaja IŽ, Maćešić N, Grizelj J, Dobranić T, Redžepi G, Šostar Z, Turk R. Effects of in-feed clinoptilolite treatment on serum metabolic and antioxidative biomarkers and acute phase response in dairy cows during pregnancy and early lactation. Res Vet Sci 2019; 127:57-64. [PMID: 31678454 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2019.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of in-feed clinoptilolite (CPL) on serum metabolic and antioxidative biomarkers, acute phase proteins and reproductive performance in cows during pregnancy and lactation. A total of 78 Holstein-Friesian cows were randomly assigned into two groups: the treatment group, cows fed CPL (n = 38) which received 50 g of powdered CPL twice a day from day 180 before parturition to day 60 postpartum; and the control group (n = 40). Blood samples were taken on days 180, 90, 60, 30 and 10 before parturition, on day of calving and on days 5, 12, 19, 26, 33, 40 and 60 postpartum, and were analysed for metabolic biomarkers: glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, non-esterified fatty acids, beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), antioxidative biomarkers and acute phase proteins: paraoxonase-1 (PON1), apolipoprotein A-I, haptoglobin (Hp) and serum amyloid A (SAA). CPL supplementation increased concentration of glucose and significantly decreased (P < .05) level of BHB during puerperium. The SAA concentration in CPL-fed cows was significantly decreased (P < .05) on days 33, 40 and 60 postpartum as well as Hp concentration on days 0 and 12 postpartum. The results of this study suggest that the CPL-fed cows may have improved metabolic status due to the tendency of greater glucose levels and decreased BHB values during early lactation. In addition, acute phase response was lower (P < .05) in CPL-fed cows. Such an outcome might be attributed to the effect of dietary CPL on intensity and severity of the negative energy balance and inflammatory response in dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Folnožić
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova 55, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marko Samardžija
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova 55, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Dražen Đuričić
- Veterinary Practice Đurđevac, Malinov trg 7, 48350 Đurđevac, Croatia
| | - Silvijo Vince
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova 55, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sonja Perkov
- Merkur University Hospital, Zajčeva 19, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sanja Jelušić
- Andrija Stampar Teaching Institute for Public Health, Mirogojska 16, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Hrvoje Valpotić
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova 55, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Blanka Beer Ljubić
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova 55, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Martina Lojkić
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova 55, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Damjan Gračner
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova 55, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivona Žura Žaja
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova 55, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nino Maćešić
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova 55, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Juraj Grizelj
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova 55, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tomislav Dobranić
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova 55, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Gzim Redžepi
- University Hospital Centre, Jordanovac, Jordanovac 104, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Zvonimir Šostar
- Andrija Stampar Teaching Institute for Public Health, Mirogojska 16, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Romana Turk
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova 55, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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20
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Kovačić M, Samardžija M, Đuričić D, Vince S, Flegar-Meštrić Z, Perkov S, Gračner D, Turk R. Paraoxonase-1 activity and lipid profile in dairy cows with subclinical and clinical mastitis. JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANIMAL RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2018.1555090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marko Samardžija
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Silvijo Vince
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | | | - Damjan Gračner
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Romana Turk
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
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21
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Boudjellaba S, Ainouz L, Tennah S, Temim S, Iguer-Ouada M. Reproduction performance and blood biochemical parameters in dairy cows: Relationship with oxidative stress status. Vet World 2018; 11:883-888. [PMID: 30034185 PMCID: PMC6048084 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2018.883-888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: During the last decades, reproduction performances declined dramatically worldwide, but little is known concerning the involvement of oxidative stress as a causative factor. Oxidative stress may act at different levels, with negative impacts on cell membrane integrity and other active molecules with potential subsequent effects on reproduction. The aim of the current study was to investigate the oxidative stress status in cows according to their reproductive performances. Materials and Methods: Peripheral blood concentration of two oxidative stress biomarkers, glutathione S-transferase (GST) and malondialdehyde (MDA), and other biochemical parameters (glucose, total lipids, cholesterol, triglycerides, albumin, total proteins, calcium, urea, creatinine, direct bilirubin, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase) were determined in 40 healthy cows. Body condition score (BCS), calving to first service interval (FSI), calving to conception interval (CCI), and the number of service per conception (SPC) were simultaneously recorded for each cow. Results: Concerning FSI, three groups were established: Group 1 (from 44 to 60 days), Group 2 (from 60 to 70 days), and Group 3 (from 70 to 80 days). For CCI, two groups were considered: Group 1 (<110 days) and Group 2 (>110 days). MDA showed significant high values only in cows with the lowest BCS (1.5) compared to cows with BCS note of 2.5 and 3.5. No significant difference was observed in cows oxidative stress status (MDA and GST) according to reproductive performances (FSI, CCI, and SPC) in all studied groups. Conclusion: The results revealed relatively altered oxidative stress status in cows with abnormal reproductive performances; however, no significant difference was recorded whatever the considered reproductive parameter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofiane Boudjellaba
- Laboratoire de Recherche Gestion des Ressources Animales Locales. École Nationale Supérieure Vétérinaire d'Alger, Algeria
| | - Lynda Ainouz
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Physiologie Animale, ENS, Kouba, Alger. École Nationale Supérieure Vétérinaire d'Alger, Algeria
| | - Safia Tennah
- Laboratoire de Recherche Gestion des Ressources Animales Locales. École Nationale Supérieure Vétérinaire d'Alger, Algeria
| | - Soraya Temim
- Laboratoire de Recherche Santé et Production Animales. École Nationale Supérieure Vétérinaire d'Alger, Algeria
| | - Mokrane Iguer-Ouada
- Laboratoire Associé en écosystèmes Marins et Aquacoles, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Béjaia, Bejaia 06000, Algeria
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22
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Díaz R, Galina CS, Rubio I, Corro M, Pablos JL, Rodríguez A, Orihuela A. Resumption of ovarian function, the metabolic profile and body condition in Brahman cows (Bos indicus) is not affected by the combination of calf separation and progestogen treatment. Anim Reprod Sci 2017; 185:181-187. [PMID: 28911854 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2017.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate the effect of different calf separation procedures after a progestogen treatment on the resumption of ovarian function, body condition and metabolic profile, 59 multiparous Brahman cows grazing on a mixed grass pasture were studied. No supplementation was given at any time. Body condition score (BCS), fat thickness (FAT) and blood metabolites were measured fortnightly from the beginning of the last trimester of gestation until 96days postpartum. At 30days postpartum all animals received a progesterone (P4)-releasing device (CIDR) which was withdrawn 9days later when prostaglandin F2α was applied. At this time, treatments TW (n=28), where calves were separated from their dams for 48h; RS (n=21), calves were allowed to suckle once a day for 1h; and continuous suckling (CS; n=10). Ovarian function was assessed by blood concentrations of progesterone on days -14, -9, 10, 13, 30 and 33 after CIDR removal. At the end of the experimental period, an average of 20% of the cows had not initiated estrous cycles. There were no changes of FAT or BCS during the last trimester of pregnancy in all cows (P>0.05). During the postpartum period cows of all groups lost (P<0.05) BCS and FAT with a nadir at 60-80days postpartum, regardless of treatment. At 10days after CIDR withdrawal the percentage of cows having ovulations was 75, 61 and 80 (P>0.05) for TW, RS and CS groups. Blood metabolites follow a similar pattern in the three groups. With the conditions of the present study, the method of calf separation after a progestogen treatment, does not affect the resumption of ovarian function or metabolic profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramiro Díaz
- Departamento de Reproducción, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, México DF, 04510 Mexico
| | - Carlos S Galina
- Departamento de Reproducción, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, México DF, 04510 Mexico
| | - Ivette Rubio
- Centro de Enseñanza Investigación y Extensión en Ganadería Tropical, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlapacoyan, Veracruz, 93650 Mexico
| | - Manuel Corro
- Centro de Enseñanza Investigación y Extensión en Ganadería Tropical, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlapacoyan, Veracruz, 93650 Mexico
| | - José Luis Pablos
- Departamento de Genética y Bioestadística, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, México DF, 04510 Mexico
| | - Ana Rodríguez
- Departamento de Reproducción, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, México DF, 04510 Mexico
| | - Agustín Orihuela
- Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, 62210, Mexico.
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