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Zhang S, Li J, Zhao Y, Tang Y, Li H, Song T, An T, Guan J, Li X, Zhang M. Whole-genome resequencing reveals genetic diversity, differentiation, and selection signatures of yak breeds/populations in southwestern China. Front Genet 2024; 15:1382128. [PMID: 38873117 PMCID: PMC11169580 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1382128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The Sichuan-Yunnan region is the main production area of yaks in southwestern China, with rich genetic resources of Yaks. Nevertheless, there have been limited study on the genetic characteristics of the entire yak populations in Tibet and southwestern China. In this study, we performed whole-genome resequencing to identify genetic variation information in a total of 198 individuals from six yak breeds (populations) in Sichuan (Muli yak, Jinchuan yak, Changtai yak, Maiwa yak), Yunnan (Zhongdian yak), and Tibet (Tibetan yak). The aim was to investigate the whole-genome genetic diversity, population genetic structure, and genome selection signatures. We observed that all six populations exhibit abundant genetic diversity. Except for Tibetan yaks, which showed low nucleotide diversity (0.00104), the remaining yak populations generally displayed high nucleotide diversity (0.00129-0.00153). Population genetic structure analysis revealed that, among the six yak populations, Muli yak exhibited greater differentiation from other yak populations and formed a distinct cluster independently. The Maiwa yak population displayed a complex genetic structure and exhibited gene exchange with Jinchuan and Changtai yaks. Positive selection signals were detected in candidate genes associated with growth (GNB4, HMGA2, TRPS1, and LTBP1), reproduction (PI4KB, DYNC1I1, and GRIP1), immunity (CD200 and IL1RAP), lactation (SNX13 and CPM), hypoxia adaptation (NDUFB6, PRKN, and MRPS9), hair (KRT24, KRT25, and KRT26), meat quality (SUCLG2), digestion and absorption (CLDN1), and pigment deposition (OCA2) using the integrated Pi and F ST methods. This study provides significant insights into understanding the whole-genome genetic characteristics of yak populations in Tibet and southwestern China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilin Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanhua Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yujun Tang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hao Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tianzeng Song
- Institute of Animal Science, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Science, Lhasa, China
| | - Tianwu An
- Sichuan Academy of Grassland Science, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiuqiang Guan
- Sichuan Academy of Grassland Science, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaowei Li
- Breeding Fram of Longri, Agriculture and Rural Bureau of Aba Prefecture in Sichuan, Hongyuan, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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The Detection of Bovine Estrus by Lactoferrin Monoclonal Antibody. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11061582. [PMID: 34071232 PMCID: PMC8228451 DOI: 10.3390/ani11061582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary This study aimed to develop monoclonal antibodies with high specificity against bovine lactoferrin, which we have previously demonstrated to be overexpressed in bovine cervical mucus during estrus. Using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, we observed that our monoclonal exhibited strong affinity for bovine lactoferrin protein. In addition, upon testing the new heat detection kits based on our antibody on 12 Korean native cows, we demonstrated an accurate detection of estrus during estrous synchronization. This is the first report of a non-invasive method to detect estrous using antibodies that bind to physiological material in cows. The results of this study suggest that the antibodies and a fabricated heat detection kit can be utilized to improve estrous detection in the cattle industry. Abstract To improve reproductive performance in cattle, the accurate detection of estrus and optimization of insemination relative to ovulation are necessary. However, poor heat detection by farm staff leads to a decreased conception rate, thus inflicting economic damage to the beef and dairy industries. This study aimed to develop monoclonal antibodies (mAb) that can specifically bind to the bovine lactoferrin (bLF) protein, which we have previously demonstrated to be overexpressed in bovine cervical mucus during estrus. Female rats were intraperitoneally immunized with bLF protein as the antigen. Anti-bLF mAbs were then purified by affinity chromatography, and their binding affinity for the bLF antigen was examined using ELISA. We found a high binding affinity between mAbs and bLF. Finally, we developed a rapid bovine heat detection kit using the anti-bLF mAbs that we generated and tested on cervical mucus from 12 cows (estrous synchronization, n = 2; natural cycling, n = 10). We found that the kits accurately detected estrus. Overall, our fabricated heat detection kit based on rat anti-bLF mAbs could pave the way for the development of potent tools for heat detection devices for dairy cattle, thereby preventing economic loss.
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Xu HL, Xu J, Shen BX, Zhang SS, Jin BH, Zhu QY, ZhuGe DL, Wu XQ, Xiao J, Zhao YZ. Dual Regulations of Thermosensitive Heparin-Poloxamer Hydrogel Using ε-Polylysine: Bioadhesivity and Controlled KGF Release for Enhancing Wound Healing of Endometrial Injury. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:29580-29594. [PMID: 28809108 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b10211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogel was not only used as an effective support matrix to prevent intrauterine adhesion after endometrial injury but also served as scaffold to sustain release of some therapeutics, especially growth factor. However, because of the rapid turnover of the endometrial mucus, the poor retention and bad absorption of therapeutic agents in damaged endometrial cavity were two important factors hindering their pharmacologic effect. Herein, a mucoadhesive hydrogel was described by using heparin-modified poloxamer (HP) as the matrix material and ε-polylysine (EPL) as functional excipient. Various EPL-HP hydrogels formulations are screened by rheological evaluation and mucoadhesion studies. It was found that the rheological and mucoadhesive properties of EPL-HP hydrogels were easily controlled by changing the amount of EPL in formulation. The storage modulus of EPL-HP hydrogel with 90 μg/mL of EPL (EPL-HP-90) was elevated to be 1.9 × 105 Pa, in accordance with the adhesion force rising to 3.18 N (10-fold higher than HP hydrogels). Moreover, in vitro release of model drug keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) from EPL-HP hydrogel was significantly accelerated by adding EPL in comparison with HP hydrogel. Both strong mucoadhesive ability and the accelerated drug release behavior for EPL-HP-90 made more of the encapsulated KGF absorbed by the uterus basal layer and endometrial glands after 8 h of administration in uterus cavity. Meanwhile, the morphology of endometrium in the injured uterus was repaired well after 3 d of treatment with KGF-EPL-HP-90 hydrogels. Compared with KGF-HP group, not only proliferation of endometrial epithelial cell and glands but also angiogenesis in the regenerated endometrium was obviously enhanced after treatment with KGF-EPL-HP-90 hydrogels. Alternatively, the cellular apoptosis in the damaged endometrium was significantly inhibited after treatment with KGF-EPL-HP-90 hydrogels. Overall, the mucoadhesive EPL-HP hydrogel with a suitable KGF release profile may be a more promising approach than HP hydrogel alone to repair the injured endometrium.
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Affiliation(s)
- He-Lin Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and ‡First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province 325035, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and ‡First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province 325035, China
| | - Bi-Xin Shen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and ‡First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province 325035, China
| | - Si-Si Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and ‡First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province 325035, China
| | - Bing-Hui Jin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and ‡First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province 325035, China
| | - Qun-Yan Zhu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and ‡First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province 325035, China
| | - De-Li ZhuGe
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and ‡First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province 325035, China
| | - Xue-Qing Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and ‡First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province 325035, China
| | - Jian Xiao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and ‡First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province 325035, China
| | - Ying-Zheng Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and ‡First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province 325035, China
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