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Meyer AM, Redifer CA. The curse of the firstborn: Effects of dam primiparity on developmental programming in ruminant offspring. Anim Reprod Sci 2024; 265:107469. [PMID: 38705081 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2024.107469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
The first parity, or first pregnancy, of ruminant females has negative effects on offspring during fetal, perinatal, and pre-weaning periods which ultimately lead to diminished pre-weaning productivity. Offspring born to primiparous ruminant females can have decreased fetal and pre-weaning growth, resulting in lower body weights at birth and weaning in cattle, sheep, and goats. Moreover, mortality is greater during both neonatal and pre-weaning periods. Insults during these critical developmental windows likely also have long-term consequences on first-parity offspring through developmental programming, but less research has been done to investigate effects in the post-weaning period. Many potential physiological, metabolic, and behavioral mechanisms exist for the outcomes of dam primiparity. Although competition for nutrient partitioning between maternal and fetal growth or lactation is often cited as a major contributor, we hypothesize that the most important mechanism causing most first-parity outcomes is the relative physiological inexperience of reproductive tissues such as the uterus and mammary gland during the first pregnancy and lactation, or a "first use theory" of tissues. More research is necessary to explore these areas, as well as if primiparous dams respond differently to stressors than multiparous dams, and if stress during the first parity affects subsequent parities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison M Meyer
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
| | - Colby A Redifer
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
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Morales-Piñeyrúa JT, Damián JP, Banchero G, Blache D, Sant'Anna AC. Metabolic profile and productivity of dairy Holstein cows milked by a pasture-based automatic milking system during early lactation: Effects of cow temperament and parity. Res Vet Sci 2022; 147:50-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2022.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Damián JP, de Soto L, Espindola D, Gil J, van Lier E. Intranasal oxytocin affects the stress response to social isolation in sheep. Physiol Behav 2020; 230:113282. [PMID: 33306978 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.113282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Oxytocin (OT) is a neuropeptide hormone that modulates several social behaviors and can affect the anxiety and stress response. The aim of this study was to determine if administration of intranasal OT affects the stress response to social isolation in sheep. Twenty adult Merino ewes were assigned to two groups; 1) Control group (CG, n = 10), which received an intranasal administration of isotonic saline and 2) Oxytocin-treated group (OTG, n = 10), which received an intranasal administration of OT (24 IU) 40 min before the animals were placed in the social isolation test. During the social isolation test (10 min), the behavior of the sheep was recorded, and blood samples were obtained before and after the test for the determination of cortisol, glucose and serum proteins, and heart rate and surface temperature were recorded. The OTG ewes had a higher cortisol concentration (P = 0.04) after social isolation, tended to vocalize more (P = 0.06) during isolation, and tended to have lower globulin concentrations (P = 0.10) than the CG ewes. Contrary to what we expected, the administration of intranasal OT increased the stress response to social isolation in ewes, which was evidenced by endocrine (greater increase in cortisol concentration), physiological (a tendency to present lower concentration of globulins in blood) and behavioral (a tendency to vocalize more) indicators. This study suggests that the administration of intranasal OT increased the stress response to isolation possibly by strengthening the social bond among ewes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Pablo Damián
- Departamento de Biociencias Veterinarias, Unidad de Bioquímica, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de la República, Lasplaces 1550, Montevideo, CP 11600, Uruguay.
| | - Leticia de Soto
- Departamento de Biociencias Veterinarias, Unidad de Bioquímica, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de la República, CENUR Litoral Norte, Salto, Universidad de la República, Rivera 1350, Salto, CP 50000, Uruguay
| | - Delfa Espindola
- Departamento de Biociencias Veterinarias, Unidad de Bioquímica, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de la República, Lasplaces 1550, Montevideo, CP 11600, Uruguay
| | - Jorge Gil
- Laboratorio de Reproducción Animal "Dr. Alfredo Ferraris", CENUR Litoral Norte, Facultad de Veterinaria, EEMAC, Universidad de la República, Ruta 3 km 363, Paysandú, CP 60000, Uruguay
| | - Elize van Lier
- Departamento de Producción Animal y Pasturas, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de la República, Avda. Garzón 780, Montevideo, CP 12900, Uruguay; Estación Experimental Facultad de Agronomía Salto, Ruta 31, km 21, Salto, CP 50000, Uruguay
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