1
|
Zhang M, Liu S, Tong S, Zhang D, Qi Q, Wang Y, Wang X, An Y, Lu X. Effects of Melatonin Priming on Suaeda corniculata Seed Germination, Antioxidant Defense, and Reserve Mobilization: Implications for Salinized Wetland Restoration. Front Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.941032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin priming has been widely reported to positively affect seed germination under abiotic stresses. However, there is still a gap in knowledge on how melatonin priming impacts the seed germination and physiological change of wetland plant species. We assessed the effects of different melatonin concentrations on germination characteristics, antioxidant defense, and reserve mobilization of Suaeda corniculata seeds. Priming of S. corniculata seeds with 50 μM melatonin significantly improved the germination rate, germination speed, germination index, superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activity, and soluble sugar content as compared with the control, and effectively reduced the malondialdehyde content, promoted starch, soluble protein, and fat mobilization. However, the stress tolerance ability of S. corniculata seeds was reduced by high melatonin concentration. The structural equation model indicated that the melatonin priming directly affects the seed germination, while also indirectly regulating the antioxidant defense system and reserve mobilization. In conclusion, melatonin priming affects the S. corniculata seed germination under salinization stress in a concentration-dependent manner via both direct and indirect regulatory pathways. Insights into these aspects will advance our understanding of how melatonin priming affects S. corniculata seed germination and provide invaluable information and technical support for the restoration of salinized wetlands in the Momoge National Nature Reserve.
Collapse
|
2
|
Young KE, Reed SC, Ferrenberg S, Faist A, Winkler DE, Cort C, Darrouzet-Nardi A. Incorporating Biogeochemistry into Dryland Restoration. Bioscience 2021; 71:907-917. [PMID: 34483747 DOI: 10.1093/biosci/biab043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dryland degradation is a persistent and accelerating global problem. Although the mechanisms initiating and maintaining dryland degradation are largely understood, returning productivity and function through ecological restoration remains difficult. Water limitation commonly drives slow recovery rates within drylands; however, the altered biogeochemical cycles that accompany degradation also play key roles in limiting restoration outcomes. Addressing biogeochemical changes and resource limitations may help improve restoration efforts within this difficult-to-restore biome. In the present article, we present a synthesis of restoration literature that identifies multiple ways biogeochemical understandings might augment dryland restoration outcomes, including timing restoration around resource cycling and uptake, connecting heterogeneous landscapes, manipulating resource pools, and using organismal functional traits to a restoration advantage. We conclude by suggesting ways to incorporate biogeochemistry into existing restoration frameworks and discuss research directions that may help improve restoration outcomes in the world's highly altered dryland landscapes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristina E Young
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas, El Paso, El Paso, Texas, United States
| | - Sasha C Reed
- US Geological Survey, Southwest Biological Science Center, Moab, Utah, United States
| | - Scott Ferrenberg
- Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico, United States
| | - Akasha Faist
- Department of Animal and Range Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico, United States
| | - Daniel E Winkler
- US Geological Survey, Southwest Biological Science Center, Moab, Utah, United States
| | - Catherine Cort
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas, El Paso, El Paso, Texas, United States
| | - Anthony Darrouzet-Nardi
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas, El Paso, El Paso, Texas, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Masarei M, Guzzomi AL, Merritt DJ, Erickson TE. Factoring restoration practitioner perceptions into future design of mechanical direct seeders for native seeds. Restor Ecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.13001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Monte Masarei
- School of EngineeringThe University of Western Australia Crawley Western Australia 6009 Australia
| | - Andrew L. Guzzomi
- School of EngineeringThe University of Western Australia Crawley Western Australia 6009 Australia
| | - David J. Merritt
- Kings Park Science, Department of BiodiversityConservation and Attractions Kings Park Western Australia 6005 Australia
- School of Biological SciencesThe University of Western Australia Crawley Western Australia 6009 Australia
| | - Todd E. Erickson
- Kings Park Science, Department of BiodiversityConservation and Attractions Kings Park Western Australia 6005 Australia
- School of Biological SciencesThe University of Western Australia Crawley Western Australia 6009 Australia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Richardson WC, Whitaker DR, Sant KP, Barney NS, Call RS, Roundy BA, Aanderud ZT, Madsen MD. Use of auto-germ to model germination timing in the sagebrush-steppe. Ecol Evol 2018; 8:11533-11542. [PMID: 30598754 PMCID: PMC6303710 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.4591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Germination timing has a strong influence on direct seeding efforts, and therefore is a closely tracked demographic stage in a wide variety of wildland and agricultural settings. Predictive seed germination models, based on soil moisture and temperature data in the seed zone are an efficient method of estimating germination timing. We utilized Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) to create Auto-Germ, which is an Excel workbook that allows a user to estimate field germination timing based on wet-thermal accumulation models and field temperature and soil moisture data. To demonstrate the capabilities of Auto-Germ, we calculated various germination indices and modeled germination timing for 11 different species, across 6 years, and 10 Artemisia-steppe sites in the Great Basin of North America to identify the planting date required for 50% or more of the simulated population to germinate in spring (1 March or later), which is when conditions are predicted to be more conducive for plant establishment. Both between and within the species, germination models indicated that there was high temporal and spatial variability in the planting date required for spring germination to occur. However, some general trends were identified, with species falling roughly into three categories, where seeds could be planted on average in either fall (Artemisia tridentata ssp. wyomingensis and Leymus cinereus), early winter (Festuca idahoensis, Poa secunda, Elymus lanceolatus, Elymus elymoides, and Linum lewisii), or mid-winter (Achillea millefolium, Elymus wawawaiensis, and Pseudoroegneria spicata) and still not run the risk of germination during winter. These predictions made through Auto-Germ demonstrate that fall may not be an optimal time period for sowing seeds for most non-dormant species if the desired goal is to have seeds germinate in spring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Dallin R. Whitaker
- Department of Plant and Wildlife SciencesBrigham Young UniversityProvoUtah
| | - Kyler P. Sant
- Department of Plant and Wildlife SciencesBrigham Young UniversityProvoUtah
| | - Nicholas S. Barney
- Department of Plant and Wildlife SciencesBrigham Young UniversityProvoUtah
| | - Ryan S. Call
- Department of Plant and Wildlife SciencesBrigham Young UniversityProvoUtah
| | - Bruce A. Roundy
- Department of Plant and Wildlife SciencesBrigham Young UniversityProvoUtah
| | | | - Matthew D. Madsen
- Department of Plant and Wildlife SciencesBrigham Young UniversityProvoUtah
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kneller T, Harris RJ, Bateman A, Muñoz-Rojas M. Native-plant amendments and topsoil addition enhance soil function in post-mining arid grasslands. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 621:744-752. [PMID: 29197793 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.11.219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Revised: 11/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
One of the most critical challenges faced in restoration of disturbed arid lands is the limited availability of topsoil. In post-mining restoration, alternative soil substrates such as mine waste could be an adequate growth media to alleviate the topsoil deficit, but these materials often lack appropriate soil characteristics to support the development and survival of seedlings. Thus, addition of exogenous organic matter may be essential to enhance plant survival and soil function. Here, we present a case study in the arid Pilbara region (north-west Western Australia), a resource-rich area subject to intensive mining activities. The main objective of our study was to assess the effects of different restoration techniques such as soil reconstruction by blending available soil materials, sowing different compositions of plant species, and addition of a locally abundant native soil organic amendment (Triodia pungens biomass) on: (i) seedling recruitment and growth of Triodia wiseana, a dominant grass in Australian arid ecosystems, and (ii) soil chemical, physical, and biological characteristics of reconstructed soils, including microbial activity, total organic C, total N, and C and N mineralisation. The study was conducted in a 12-month multifactorial microcosms setting in a controlled environment. Our results showed that the amendment increased C and N contents of re-made soils, but these values were still lower than those obtained in the topsoil. High microbial activity and C mineralisation rates were found in the amended waste that contrasted the low N mineralisation but this did not translate into improved emergence or survival of T. wiseana. These results suggest a short- or medium-term soil N immobilisation caused by negative priming effect of fresh un-composted amendment on microbial communities. We found similar growth and survival rates of T. wiseana in topsoil and a blend of topsoil and waste (50:50) which highlights the importance of topsoil, even in a reduced amount, for plant establishment in arid land restoration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tayla Kneller
- Kings Park and Botanic Garden, Kings Park 6005, WA, Australia; Curtin University, Department of Environment and Agriculture, Bentley 6102, WA, Australia
| | - Richard J Harris
- Curtin University, Department of Environment and Agriculture, Bentley 6102, WA, Australia
| | - Amber Bateman
- Kings Park and Botanic Garden, Kings Park 6005, WA, Australia; University of Western Australia, School of Biological Sciences, Crawley 6009, WA, Australia
| | - Miriam Muñoz-Rojas
- Kings Park and Botanic Garden, Kings Park 6005, WA, Australia; University of Western Australia, School of Biological Sciences, Crawley 6009, WA, Australia; University of New South Wales, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Randwick 2052, NSW, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kildisheva OA, Erickson TE, Merritt DJ, Dixon KW. Setting the scene for dryland recovery: an overview and key findings from a workshop targeting seed-based restoration. Restor Ecol 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.12392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Olga A. Kildisheva
- School of Plant Biology; The University of Western Australia; Crawley WA 6009 Australia
| | - Todd E. Erickson
- School of Plant Biology; The University of Western Australia; Crawley WA 6009 Australia
- Kings Park and Botanic Garden; Kings Park WA 6005 Australia
| | - David J. Merritt
- School of Plant Biology; The University of Western Australia; Crawley WA 6009 Australia
- Kings Park and Botanic Garden; Kings Park WA 6005 Australia
| | - Kingsley W. Dixon
- School of Plant Biology; The University of Western Australia; Crawley WA 6009 Australia
- Kings Park and Botanic Garden; Kings Park WA 6005 Australia
- Department of Environment and Agriculture; Curtin University; Kent Street, Bentley Perth WA 6102 Australia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Guzzomi AL, Erickson TE, Ling KY, Dixon KW, Merritt DJ. Flash flaming effectively removes appendages and improves the seed coating potential of grass florets. Restor Ecol 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.12386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew L. Guzzomi
- School of Mechanical and Chemical Engineering; The University of Western Australia; Crawley WA 6009 Australia
| | - Todd E. Erickson
- School of Plant Biology; The University of Western Australia; Crawley WA 6009 Australia
- Kings Park and Botanic Garden; Kings Park WA 6005 Australia
| | - King Y. Ling
- School of Mechanical and Chemical Engineering; The University of Western Australia; Crawley WA 6009 Australia
| | - Kingsley W. Dixon
- Department of Environment and Agriculture; Curtin University; Kent Street Bentley WA 6102 Australia
| | - David J. Merritt
- School of Plant Biology; The University of Western Australia; Crawley WA 6009 Australia
- Kings Park and Botanic Garden; Kings Park WA 6005 Australia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Muñoz-Rojas M, Erickson TE, Dixon KW, Merritt DJ. Soil quality indicators to assess functionality of restored soils in degraded semiarid ecosystems. Restor Ecol 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.12368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Muñoz-Rojas
- School of Plant Biology; The University of Western Australia; Crawley 6009 WA Australia
- Kings Park and Botanic Garden; Perth 6005 WA Australia
- Department of Environment and Agriculture; Curtin University; Perth 6845 WA Australia
| | - Todd E. Erickson
- School of Plant Biology; The University of Western Australia; Crawley 6009 WA Australia
- Kings Park and Botanic Garden; Perth 6005 WA Australia
| | - Kingsley W. Dixon
- School of Plant Biology; The University of Western Australia; Crawley 6009 WA Australia
- Kings Park and Botanic Garden; Perth 6005 WA Australia
- Department of Environment and Agriculture; Curtin University; Perth 6845 WA Australia
| | - David J. Merritt
- School of Plant Biology; The University of Western Australia; Crawley 6009 WA Australia
- Kings Park and Botanic Garden; Perth 6005 WA Australia
| |
Collapse
|