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Zhang Y, Yan Y, Huang JG, Wang M. Interguild fungal competition in litter and soil inversely modulate microbial necromass accumulation during Loess Plateau forest succession. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 916:170259. [PMID: 38253096 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Microbial interactions determine ecosystem carbon (C) and nutrient cycling, yet it remains unclear how interguild fungal interactions modulate microbial residue contribution to soil C pools (SOC) during forest succession. Here, we present a region-wide investigation of the relative dominance of saprophytic versus symbiotic fungi in litter and soil compartments, exploring their linkages to soil microbial residue pools and potential drivers along a chronosequence of secondary Chinese pine (Pinus tabulaeformis) forests on the Loess Plateau. Despite minor changes in C and nitrogen (N) stocks in the litter or soil layers across successional stages, we found significantly lower soil phosphorus (P) stocks, higher ratios of soil C: N, soil N: P and soil C: P but lower ratios of litter C: N and litter C: P in old (>75 years) than young stands (<30 years). Pine stand development altered the saprotroph: symbiotroph ratios of fungal communities to favor the soil symbiotrophs versus the litter saprotrophs. The dominance of saprotrophs in litter is positively related to microbial necromass contribution to SOC, which is negatively related to the dominance of symbiotrophs in soils. Antagonistic interguild fungal competition in litter and soil layers, in conjunction with increased fungal but decreased bacterial necromass contribution to SOC, jointly contribute to unchanged total necromass contribution to SOC with stand development. The saprotroph: symbiotroph ratios in litter and soil layers are mainly driven by soil P stocks and stand parameters (e.g., stand age and slope), respectively, while substrate stoichiometries primarily regulate microbial necromass accumulation and fungal: bacterial necromass ratios. These results provide novel insights into how microbial interactions at local spatial scales modulate temporal changes in SOC pools, with management implications for mitigating regional land degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Yuqi Yan
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yanqihu East Road, Huairou District, Beijing 101400, China
| | - Jian-Guo Huang
- Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Minhuang Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
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Su J, Ji W, Sun X, Wang H, Kang Y, Yao B. Effects of different management practices on soil microbial community structure and function in alpine grassland. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 327:116859. [PMID: 36450164 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Management practices, such as grazing exclusion and reseeding, have been implemented to mitigate the degradation of grassland. Low grazing intensities and reseeding increase grass production. Nevertheless, few studies have investigated the effects of these measures on the soil microbial community structure and function in the Qinghai Tibetan Plateau (QTP). To reveal the effects of management practices on soil microbes and give a reference to assess and improve ecosystems functions, we here evaluated the impact of various types of grazing (exclusion, seasonal, and traditional), reseeding (annual oat (Avena fatua) grassland (RO) and perennial artificial grassland cultivated >10 y), and integrated restoration (weed control and no-tillage reseeding) measures on soil microbial community structure and function in the QTP. The Shannon-Wiener diversity indices were highest for prokaryotes under RO and for fungi under integrated grassland restoration. Relative Actinobacteria abundance was higher under seasonal grazing than that under integrated grassland restoration. The latter had relatively higher abundances of Betaproteobacteria, Alphaproteobacteria, and Deltaproteobacteria and comparatively lower abundance of Thermoleophilia. There were significantly higher abundances of plant pathogens under seasonal grazing than those under other managements. There were significantly high proportions of pathotrophs and saprotrophs (10.0%) under seasonal and traditional grazing, respectively. The proportion of pathotrophs under integrated restoration (10.0%) was about seven-fold greater than that under grazing exclusion (1.5%). The relative differences among treatments in terms of soil water content, plant biomass, and soil C:N partially explained the differences in their prokaryotic community compositions. Increases in soil organic carbon and C:N may explain the observed changes in the soil fungal communities. The management practices affected soil microorganisms mainly by altering the soil nutrient profile. Grazing attracted specific pathotrophs and saprotrophs while repelling certain plant pathogens. Hence, modulations in soil microbial community structure and function must be considered in the process of planning for the implementation of grassland degradation management measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhu Su
- College of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem (Ministry of Education), Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China; Gansu Agricultural University-Massey University Research Centre for Grassland Biodiversity, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China; Gansu Qilianshan Grassland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Wuwei, 733200, China.
| | - Weihong Ji
- Gansu Agricultural University-Massey University Research Centre for Grassland Biodiversity, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China; Institute of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, Massey University, Private Bag, North Shore Mail Centre 0632, Auckland, 102 904rad, New Zealand
| | - Xiaomei Sun
- Gansu Agricultural University-Massey University Research Centre for Grassland Biodiversity, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China; College of Resource and Environmental Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Haifang Wang
- Gansu Agricultural University-Massey University Research Centre for Grassland Biodiversity, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China; College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Yukun Kang
- College of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem (Ministry of Education), Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China; Gansu Agricultural University-Massey University Research Centre for Grassland Biodiversity, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China; Gansu Qilianshan Grassland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Wuwei, 733200, China
| | - Baohui Yao
- College of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem (Ministry of Education), Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China; Gansu Agricultural University-Massey University Research Centre for Grassland Biodiversity, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China; Gansu Qilianshan Grassland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Wuwei, 733200, China
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Eardly BD, Cloutier M, Chung TJ, Roitman S, Vieira FR, Bruns MA. Ectomycorrhizal diversity on the roots of Pitch pine (
Pinus rigida
Mill.) saplings as influenced by remediation and soil metal content. Restor Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.13695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bertrand D. Eardly
- Division of Science, Berks College The Pennsylvania State University Reading PA 19610 USA
| | - Mara Cloutier
- Department of Ecosystem Science and Management, The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA 16802 USA
| | - Tae Jung Chung
- Department of Food Science, The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA 16802 USA
| | - Sofia Roitman
- Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA 16802 USA
| | - Fabricio Rocha Vieira
- Department of Plant Pathology and Environmental Microbiology, The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA 16802 USA
| | - Mary Ann Bruns
- Department of Ecosystem Science and Management, The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA 16802 USA
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Gómez-Hernández M, Avendaño-Villegas E, Toledo-Garibaldi M, Gándara E. Impact of urbanization on functional diversity in macromycete communities along an urban ecosystem in Southwest Mexico. PeerJ 2021; 9:e12191. [PMID: 34616630 PMCID: PMC8462387 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Macromycetes are a group of fungi characterized by the production of fruit bodies and are highly relevant in most terrestrial ecosystems as pathogens, mutualists, and organic matter decomposers. Habitat transformation can drastically alter macromycete communities and diminish the contribution of these organisms to ecosystem functioning; however, knowledge on the effect of urbanization on macrofungal communities is scarce. Diversity metrics based on functional traits of macromycete species have shown to be valuable tools to predict how species contribute to ecosystem functionality since traits determine the performance of species in ecosystems. The aim of this study was to assess patterns of species richness, functional diversity, and composition of macrofungi in an urban ecosystem in Southwest Mexico, and to identify microclimatic, environmental, and urban factors related to these patterns in order to infer the effect of urbanization on macromycete communities. We selected four oak forests along an urbanization gradient and established a permanent sampling area of 0.1 ha at each site. Macromycete sampling was carried out every week from June to October 2017. The indices used to measure functional diversity were functional richness (FRic), functional divergence (FDig), and functional evenness (FEve). The metric used to assess variation of macrofungal ecological function along the study area was the functional value. We recorded a total of 134 macromycete species and 223 individuals. Our results indicated a decline of species richness with increased urbanization level related mainly to microclimatic variables, and a high turnover of species composition among study sites, which appears to be related to microclimatic and urbanization variables. FRic decreased with urbanization level, indicating that some of the available resources in the niche space within the most urbanized sites are not being utilized. FDig increased with urbanization, which suggests a high degree of niche differentiation among macromycete species within communities in urbanized areas. FEve did not show notable differences along the urbanization gradient, indicating few variations in the distribution of abundances within the occupied sections of the niche space. Similarly, the functional value was markedly higher in the less urbanized site, suggesting greater performance of functional guilds in that area. Our findings suggest that urbanization has led to a loss of macromycete species and a decrease in functional diversity, causing some sections of the niche space to be hardly occupied and available resources to be under-utilized, which could, to a certain extent, affect ecosystem functioning and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko Gómez-Hernández
- CONACYT-CIIDIR Unidad Oaxaca, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Santa Cruz Xoxocotlán, Oaxaca, Mexico
| | | | | | - Etelvina Gándara
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
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Diversity and Structure of Soil Fungal Communities across Experimental Everglades Tree Islands. DIVERSITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/d12090324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Fungi play prominent roles in ecosystem services (e.g., nutrient cycling, decomposition) and thus have increasingly garnered attention in restoration ecology. However, it is unclear how most management decisions impact fungal communities, making it difficult to protect fungal diversity and utilize fungi to improve restoration success. To understand the effects of restoration decisions and environmental variation on fungal communities, we sequenced soil fungal microbiomes from 96 sites across eight experimental Everglades tree islands approximately 15 years after restoration occurred. We found that early restoration decisions can have enduring consequences for fungal communities. Factors experimentally manipulated in 2003–2007 (e.g., type of island core) had significant legacy effects on fungal community composition. Our results also emphasized the role of water regime in fungal diversity, composition, and function. As the relative water level decreased, so did fungal diversity, with an approximately 25% decline in the driest sites. Further, as the water level decreased, the abundance of the plant pathogen–saprotroph guild increased, suggesting that low water may increase plant-pathogen interactions. Our results indicate that early restoration decisions can have long-term consequences for fungal community composition and function and suggest that a drier future in the Everglades could reduce fungal diversity on imperiled tree islands.
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Ngugi MR, Fechner N, Neldner VJ, Dennis PG. Successional dynamics of soil fungal diversity along a restoration chronosequence post‐coal mining. Restor Ecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.13112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael R. Ngugi
- Department of Environment and ScienceQueensland Herbarium, Mt Coot‐tha Road, Toowong Brisbane QLD 4066 Australia
| | - Nigel Fechner
- Department of Environment and ScienceQueensland Herbarium, Mt Coot‐tha Road, Toowong Brisbane QLD 4066 Australia
| | - Victor J. Neldner
- Department of Environment and ScienceQueensland Herbarium, Mt Coot‐tha Road, Toowong Brisbane QLD 4066 Australia
| | - Paul G. Dennis
- School of Earth and Environmental SciencesThe University of Queensland QLD Brisbane 4072 Australia
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Botalov VS, Perevedentseva LG, Shishigin AS. Change in the Structure and Productivity of the Biota of Agaricoid Basidiomycetes According to the Results of Long-Term Monitoring in Pine Forests of Perm Oblast (Southern Taiga Subzone). CONTEMP PROBL ECOL+ 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s1995425518050050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Mowna Sundari T, Alwin Prem Anand A, Jenifer P, Shenbagarathai R. Bioprospection of Basidiomycetes and molecular phylogenetic analysis using internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and 5.8S rRNA gene sequence. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10720. [PMID: 30013072 PMCID: PMC6048145 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29046-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrofungi belonging to the phylum Basidiomycota are mostly used as medicinal mushrooms in many countries. In the present study, hundred basidiocarp of macrofungi were collected from Tamilnadu during rainy season. The basidiocarp was found in association with root/trunk of living trees, wood log and decayed matter. Among the hundred basidiocarp, 49 were grown into axenic cultures. Notable variations in the macroscopic characteristics of the basidiome and culture morphology were observed. To study the genetic diversity, the molecular taxonomy of the isolates was carried out using internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and 5.8S rRNA gene sequence marker. Thirty-two strains belonging to the order Polyporales, Hymenochataeles and Russuales under the division Basidiomycota were classified based on phylogeny analysis. This study provides first evidence for the occurrence of species Fulvifomes fastuosus (LDCMY39 and LDCMY43) and Ganoderma wiiroense (LDCMY02, LDCMY08, LDCMY11, LDCMY17 and LDCMY19) from southern India. Molecular evidence for the existence of Phellinus badius was given for the first time as well. These data enhance our understanding on the diversity of macrofungi in India, which could be further exploited for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thangamalai Mowna Sundari
- DBT - BIF centre, Lady Doak College, Madurai, 625 002, Tamilnadu, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Lady Doak College, Madurai, 625 002, Tamilnadu, India
- PG and Research Department of Zoology, Lady Doak College, Madurai, 625 002, Tamilnadu, India
| | | | - Packiaraj Jenifer
- DBT - BIF centre, Lady Doak College, Madurai, 625 002, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Rajaiah Shenbagarathai
- DBT - BIF centre, Lady Doak College, Madurai, 625 002, Tamilnadu, India.
- Department of Biotechnology, Lady Doak College, Madurai, 625 002, Tamilnadu, India.
- PG and Research Department of Zoology, Lady Doak College, Madurai, 625 002, Tamilnadu, India.
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Fungal Community and Ligninolytic Enzyme Activities in Quercus deserticola Trel. Litter from Forest Fragments with Increasing Levels of Disturbance. FORESTS 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/f9010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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