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Stroud JT, Delory BM, Barnes EM, Chase JM, De Meester L, Dieskau J, Grainger TN, Halliday FW, Kardol P, Knight TM, Ladouceur E, Little CJ, Roscher C, Sarneel JM, Temperton VM, van Steijn TLH, Werner CM, Wood CW, Fukami T. Priority effects transcend scales and disciplines in biology. Trends Ecol Evol 2024:S0169-5347(24)00041-7. [PMID: 38508922 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2024.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Although primarily studied through the lens of community ecology, phenomena consistent with priority effects appear to be widespread across many different scenarios spanning a broad range of spatial, temporal, and biological scales. However, communication between these research fields is inconsistent and has resulted in a fragmented co-citation landscape, likely due to the diversity of terms used to refer to priority effects across these fields. We review these related terms, and the biological contexts in which they are used, to facilitate greater cross-disciplinary cohesion in research on priority effects. In breaking down these semantic barriers, we aim to provide a framework to better understand the conditions and mechanisms of priority effects, and their consequences across spatial and temporal scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- J T Stroud
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.
| | - B M Delory
- Institute of Ecology, Leuphana University Lüneburg, Lüneburg, Germany; Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - E M Barnes
- Thomas H. Gosnell School of Life Sciences, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, USA
| | - J M Chase
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Institute of Computer Science, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - L De Meester
- Leibniz Institut für Gewässerökologie und Binnenfischerei (IGB), Müggelseedamm 310, 12587 Berlin, Germany; Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Strasse 1-3, 14195 Berlin, Germany; Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Evolution, and Conservation, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - J Dieskau
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Martin-Luther University, Germany
| | - T N Grainger
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - F W Halliday
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - P Kardol
- Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 90183 Umeå, Sweden
| | - T M Knight
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Community Ecology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Halle (Saale), Germany; Institute of Biology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - E Ladouceur
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Institute of Computer Science, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - C J Little
- School of Environmental Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - C Roscher
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Physiological Diversity, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Leipzig, Germany
| | - J M Sarneel
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umea University, 901 87 Umea, Sweden
| | - V M Temperton
- Institute of Ecology, Leuphana University Lüneburg, Lüneburg, Germany
| | - T L H van Steijn
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umea University, 901 87 Umea, Sweden
| | - C M Werner
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Sustainability, Southern Oregon University, Ashland, OR 97520, USA
| | - C W Wood
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - T Fukami
- Departments of Biology and Earth System Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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Halassy M, Batáry P, Csecserits A, Török K, Valkó O. Meta-analysis identifies native priority as a mechanism that supports the restoration of invasion-resistant plant communities. Commun Biol 2023; 6:1100. [PMID: 37903920 PMCID: PMC10616274 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05485-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The restoration of invasion-resistant plant communities is an important strategy to combat the negative impacts of alien invasions. Based on a systematic review and meta-analysis of seed-based ecological restoration experiments, here we demonstrate the potential of functional similarity, seeding density and priority effect in increasing invasion resistance. Our results indicate that native priority is the most promising mechanism to control invasion that can reduce the performance of invasive alien species by more than 50%. High-density seeding is effective in controlling invasive species, but threshold seeding rates may exist. Overall seeding functionally similar species do not have a significant effect. Generally, the impacts are more pronounced on perennial and grassy invaders and on the short-term. Our results suggest that biotic resistance can be best enhanced by the early introduction of native plant species during restoration. Seeding of a single species with high functional similarity to invasive alien species is unpromising, and instead, preference should be given to high-density multifunctional seed mixtures, possibly including native species favored by the priority effect. We highlight the need to integrate research across geographical regions, global invasive species and potential resistance mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melinda Halassy
- National Laboratory for Health Security, Centre for Ecological Research, Budapest, Hungary.
- Institute of Ecology and Botany, Centre for Ecological Research, Vácrátót, Hungary.
| | - Péter Batáry
- National Laboratory for Health Security, Centre for Ecological Research, Budapest, Hungary
- 'Lendület' Landscape and Conservation Ecology Research Group, Institute of Ecology and Botany, Centre for Ecological Research, Vácrátót, Hungary
| | - Anikó Csecserits
- National Laboratory for Health Security, Centre for Ecological Research, Budapest, Hungary
- Institute of Ecology and Botany, Centre for Ecological Research, Vácrátót, Hungary
| | - Katalin Török
- Institute of Ecology and Botany, Centre for Ecological Research, Vácrátót, Hungary
| | - Orsolya Valkó
- National Laboratory for Health Security, Centre for Ecological Research, Budapest, Hungary
- 'Lendület' Seed Ecology Research Group, Institute of Ecology and Botany, Centre for Ecological Research, Vácrátót, Hungary
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Humphries T, Turville C, Sinclair S, Florentine S. An integrated approach for the restoration of Australian temperate grasslands invaded by Nassella trichotoma. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21364. [PMID: 36494474 PMCID: PMC9734104 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25517-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Invasive plants are considered to be one of the biggest threats to environmental assets, and once established, they can be immensely difficult to control. Nassella trichotoma is an aggressive, perennial grass species, and is considered to be one of the most economically damaging weeds to grazing systems due to its unpalatability, as well as being one of the leading causes of biodiversity loss in grassland communities. This species produces high density seedbanks that rapidly respond to disturbance events. Despite control programs being developing in Australia since the 1930s, this species is still widespread throughout south-east Australia, indicating that a new management approach is critical to control this Weed of National Significance at the landscape scale. The present study explored the effect of 12 different combinations of herbicide, fire, a second application of herbicide, grazing exclusion, tillage and broadcasting seeds in order to reduce the above and below-ground density of N. trichotoma. A control treatment was also included. The results were assessed using a Hierarchy analysis, whereby treatments of increasing complexity were compared for their efficacy in reducing N. trichotoma cover and seedbank density, while simultaneously increasing the establishment of the broadcast species. Whilst all integrated treatments effectively reduced N. trichotoma's seedbank, the treatments that included fire performed significantly better at simultaneously reducing N. trichotoma and increasing the establishment of broadcasted seeds. Overall, the integration of herbicide, fire and broadcasting native seeds was observed to provide the most economically feasible management strategy for the landscape scale restoration of a degraded temperate grassland dominated by N. trichotoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talia Humphries
- grid.1040.50000 0001 1091 4859The Future Regions Research Centre, School of Science, Physiology and Sport, Federation University Australia, Mount Helen, VIC Australia
| | - Christopher Turville
- grid.1040.50000 0001 1091 4859Faculty of Science and Technology, Federation University Australia, Mount Helen, VIC Australia
| | - Steven Sinclair
- grid.508407.e0000 0004 7535 599XDepartment of Environment, Land, Water and Planning, Arthur Rylah Institute, Environment and Climate Change, Heidelberg, VIC Australia
| | - Singarayer Florentine
- grid.1040.50000 0001 1091 4859The Future Regions Research Centre, School of Science, Physiology and Sport, Federation University Australia, Mount Helen, VIC Australia ,grid.1017.70000 0001 2163 3550Applied Chemistry and Environmental Science School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, 124 La Trobe St, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia
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Weidlich EWA, Nelson CR, Maron JL, Callaway RM, Delory BM, Temperton VM. Priority effects and ecological restoration. Restor Ecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.13317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela W. A. Weidlich
- Ecosystem Functioning and Services Institute of Ecology, Leuphana University Lüneburg Germany
- Present address: Department of Botany, University of Santa Catarina (UFSC) Florianópolis Brazil
| | - Cara R. Nelson
- Department of Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences, Franke College of Forestry and Conservation University of Montana Missoula U.S.A
| | - John L. Maron
- Division of Biological Sciences and Institute on Ecosystems University of Montana Missoula U.S.A
| | - Ragan M. Callaway
- Division of Biological Sciences and Institute on Ecosystems University of Montana Missoula U.S.A
| | - Benjamin M. Delory
- Ecosystem Functioning and Services Institute of Ecology, Leuphana University Lüneburg Germany
| | - Vicky M. Temperton
- Ecosystem Functioning and Services Institute of Ecology, Leuphana University Lüneburg Germany
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Adu-Oppong B, Mangan SA, Stein C, Catano CP, Myers JA, Dantas G. Prairie plants harbor distinct and beneficial root-endophytic bacterial communities. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0234537. [PMID: 32574172 PMCID: PMC7310688 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant-soil feedback studies attempt to understand the interplay between composition of plant and soil microbial communities. A growing body of literature suggests that plant species can coexist when they interact with a subset of the soil microbial community that impacts plant performance. Most studies focus on the microbial community in the soil rhizosphere; therefore, the degree to which the bacterial community within plant roots (root-endophytic compartment) influences plant-microbe interactions remains relatively unknown. To determine if there is an interaction between conspecific vs heterospecific soil microbes and plant performance, we sequenced root-endophytic bacterial communities of five tallgrass-prairie plant species, each reciprocally grown with soil microbes from each hosts' soil rhizosphere. We found evidence of plant-soil feedbacks for some pairs of plant hosts; however, the strength and direction of feedbacks varied substantially across plant species pairs-from positive to negative feedbacks. Additionally, each plant species harbored a unique subset of root-endophytic bacteria. Conspecifics that hosted similar bacterial communities were more similar in biomass than individuals that hosted different bacterial communities, suggesting an important functional link between root-endophytic bacterial community composition and plant fitness. Our findings suggest a connection between an understudied component of the root-endophytic microbiome and plant performance, which may have important implications in understanding plant community composition and coexistence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boahemaa Adu-Oppong
- The Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Scott A. Mangan
- Department of Biology and Tyson Research Center, Washington University in Saint Louis, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Claudia Stein
- Department of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Auburn University at Montgomery, Montgomery, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Christopher P. Catano
- Department of Biology and Tyson Research Center, Washington University in Saint Louis, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Jonathan A. Myers
- Department of Biology and Tyson Research Center, Washington University in Saint Louis, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Gautam Dantas
- The Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in Saint Louis, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America
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Abstract
Priority effects can be used to promote target species during restoration. Early planting can provide an advantage over later-arriving species, increasing abundance of these early-arrivers in restored communities. However, we have limited knowledge of the indirect impacts of priority effects in restoration. In particular, we do not understand how priority effects impact non-target species. Of particular conservation concern is how these priority effects influence establishment by non-native species. We use a field-based mesocosm experiment to explore the impacts of priority effects on both target and non-target species in California grasslands. Specifically, we seeded native grasses and forbs, manipulating order of arrival by planting them at the same time, planting forbs one year before grasses, planting grasses one year before forbs, or planting each functional group alone. While our study plots were tilled and weeded for the first year, the regional species pool was heavily invaded. We found that, while early-arrival of native grasses did not promote establishment of non-native species, giving priority to native forbs ultimately left our restoration mesocosms vulnerable to invasion by non-native species. This suggests that, in some cases, establishment of non-native species may be an unintended consequence of using priority treatments as a restoration tool.
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