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Muñoz‐Concha D, Mundaca E, Alarcón D, Machuca J, Crisol‐Martínez E, Loayza A. Could foxes be surrogate seed dispersers of a megafaunal fruit vine in southern South America? Ecosphere 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.4186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Diego Muñoz‐Concha
- Departamento de Ciencias Agrarias, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales Universidad Católica del Maule Curicó Chile
| | - Enrique Mundaca
- Departamento de Ciencias Agrarias, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales Universidad Católica del Maule Curicó Chile
| | - Diego Alarcón
- Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas Universidad de Chile Ñuñoa Chile
- Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad Ñuñoa Chile
| | - Juan Machuca
- Escuela de Agronomía, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales Universidad Católica del Maule Curicó Chile
| | - Eduardo Crisol‐Martínez
- Departamento de Ciencias Agrarias, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales Universidad Católica del Maule Curicó Chile
- EcoLaVerna Integral Restoration Ecology Cork Ireland
- Association of Vegetable and Fruit Growers of Almeria, COEXPHAL Almeria Spain
| | - Andrea Loayza
- Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad Ñuñoa Chile
- Instituto de Investigación Multidisciplinario en Ciencia y Tecnología Universidad de La Serena La Serena Chile
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Sampaio AD, Pereira PF, Nunes A, Clemente A, Salgueiro V, Silva C, Mira A, Branquinho C, Salgueiro PA. Bottom-up cascading effects of quarry revegetation deplete bird-mediated seed dispersal services. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 298:113472. [PMID: 34365186 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Quarrying activities cause profound modifications on ecosystems, such as removal of vegetation cover, biodiversity loss and depletion of ecosystem services. Ecological restoration stands as a solution to revert such effects. Concomitantly, awareness is currently being given on ecosystem services and ecological processes to evaluate restoration efficiency. The objective of the study was to assess restoration success in a quarry subjected to restoration practices for the last 40 years involving the plantation of native Mediterranean vegetation and the non-native Aleppo pine Pinus halepensis. The study was carried out by assessing the effectiveness of seed dispersal service provided by birds in the restored quarry by comparing this service to neighbouring natural (shrubland) and other semi-natural areas (oak-pine mixed open and Aleppo pine forest) present at the landscape. For this purpose, we explored bird composition structure and seed dispersal networks using point counts and faecal samples of mist-netted birds. We also collected vegetation structure data and explored its effect on bird community composition. Our results showed that bird abundance in the restored quarry was significantly lower, and its bird community was compositionally different than natural shrubland and semi-natural areas. For instance, seed-dispersing birds, woody and shrub/ground foragers and partially migrators were the most affected groups at the restored area. Bird community composition and their traits were likely driven by vegetation characteristics, with higher native vegetation cover and fruit richness promoting higher bird abundance and Aleppo pine cover negatively influencing seed-dispersing birds. Concurrently, seed dispersal network in the restored quarry was less complex than in other areas. Seed dispersal services in the restored quarry were below the reported values for neighbouring natural and semi-natural areas and are likely driven by the low abundance of seed-dispersing birds. We consider that the causes affecting this group's low abundance can be related to revegetation measures favouring Aleppo pine, combined with a shallow soil depth and poor soil quality, which may have constrained native vegetation development. We conclude that seed dispersal services at the quarry are depleted, which may suggest a low restoration success concerning ecosystem functioning. Our results strengthen that quarry revegetation with non-native species must be avoided, since it alters bird community composition, and consequently, affects seed dispersal service provided by birds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana D Sampaio
- UBC, Unidade de Biologia da Conservação, Universidade de Évora, Pólo da Mitra, Ap. 94, 7006-554, Évora, Portugal; MED, Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development. University of Évora. Pólo da Mitra, Apartado 94, 7006-554, Évora, Portugal.
| | - Pedro F Pereira
- MED, Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development. University of Évora. Pólo da Mitra, Apartado 94, 7006-554, Évora, Portugal
| | - Alice Nunes
- cE3c, Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, C2, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Adelaide Clemente
- cE3c, Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, C2, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Vânia Salgueiro
- UBC, Unidade de Biologia da Conservação, Universidade de Évora, Pólo da Mitra, Ap. 94, 7006-554, Évora, Portugal
| | - Carmo Silva
- UBC, Unidade de Biologia da Conservação, Universidade de Évora, Pólo da Mitra, Ap. 94, 7006-554, Évora, Portugal; MED, Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development. University of Évora. Pólo da Mitra, Apartado 94, 7006-554, Évora, Portugal
| | - António Mira
- UBC, Unidade de Biologia da Conservação, Universidade de Évora, Pólo da Mitra, Ap. 94, 7006-554, Évora, Portugal; MED, Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development. University of Évora. Pólo da Mitra, Apartado 94, 7006-554, Évora, Portugal
| | - Cristina Branquinho
- cE3c, Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, C2, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Pedro A Salgueiro
- UBC, Unidade de Biologia da Conservação, Universidade de Évora, Pólo da Mitra, Ap. 94, 7006-554, Évora, Portugal; MED, Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development. University of Évora. Pólo da Mitra, Apartado 94, 7006-554, Évora, Portugal
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Salgueiro PA, Prach K, Branquinho C, Mira A. Enhancing biodiversity and ecosystem services in quarry restoration – challenges, strategies, and practice. Restor Ecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.13160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pedro A. Salgueiro
- UBC – Conservation Biology Lab, Department of BiologyUniversity of Évora 7002‐554 Évora Portugal
| | - Karel Prach
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech RepublicInstitute of Botany, Czech Academy of Science Dukelská 135, 379 82 Třeboň Czech Republic
| | - Cristina Branquinho
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c)Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa 1749‐016 Lisbon Portugal
| | - António Mira
- MED – Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development and Unidade de Biologia da Conservação do Departamento de Biologia, Escola de Ciências e TecnologiaUniversidade de Évora, Pólo da Mitra Ap. 94, 7006‐554 Évora Portugal
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