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Pinho RCM, Campos VF, Pereira CB, Farias FAR. Brazilian special olympics athletes: Oral health problems. SPECIAL CARE IN DENTISTRY 2024; 44:166-174. [PMID: 36754571 DOI: 10.1111/scd.12836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The people with intellectual disabilities have been reported to be a vulnerable population in terms of oral health. This study was carried out to determine the oral health condition and treatment needs of Special Olympics athletes in Brazil. METHODS This study is a retrospective review of oral health data collected from athletes participating in Healthy Athletes Program Special Olympics in Brazil, between the years 2015 and 2019. About 1241 athletes from the Brazil Special Olympics program were screened in the cities of São Paulo, Jundiai and Belo Horizonte (located in southeastern Brazil) and Recife (in northeastern Brazil). At each of these events, volunteer dental professionals performed an oral health screening for each athlete, All oral health assessments were done visually; and extra lighting were available if needed. The examinations were performed with the aid of a wooden spatula of the tongue depressor type and under natural light. The following parameters were recorded: mouth pain, untreated tooth decay, missing teeth, gingival signs, urgency and mouth hygiene habits. Data was analyzed using the STATA 14.0 program. Frequency tables were used for descriptive analyses. Categorical variables were compared between the different years of the event using the Chi-Square or Fisher's Exact test. Continuous variables were compared between different event years using the Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Dunn's post-hoc analyses. Simple logistic regression was used to assess the effect of age on dental assessment results. For all tests, a p-value was considered significant when less than or equal to .05. RESULTS No statistically significant differences were observed in the frequencies of Mouth Pain and Missing Teeth over the years (p > .05). In relation to Untreated Tooth Decay, there is a higher frequency in the years 2016 and 2018 and a lower frequency in the year 2015 (p = .048). Regarding Gingival Signs of inflammation, there is a higher frequency in the years 2016 and 2018 and a lower frequency in the year 2017 (p < .001). In relation to cases of urgency (in need of treatment (Urgent treatment need, Non-Urgent or Maintenance)), there was a higher frequency (no urgency) in 2016 (p = .007). Finally, in relation to mouth hygiene habits, there is a higher frequency of participants with irregular habits in the years 2017 and 2019 (p < .001). CONCLUSION The dental condition of Brazilian athletes Special Olympycs Brazil reported in this study from 2015 to 2019 showed us that athletes have a high prevalence of dental diseases and these needs could contribute to health damage. The athletes have many unmet dental treatment needs and these needs are similar in different regions of the country and in the years reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Carlos Mourão Pinho
- Clinical Director Special Smiles Special Olympics Brazil, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Ferreira Campos
- Clinical Director Special Smiles Special Olympics Brazil, Center of Dental Specialties of the Municipality of Ubatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Cláudia Barbosa Pereira
- Faculty of Dentistry at the University of São Paulo, Clinical Director Special Smiles Special Olympics, Brazil
| | - Flavio Artur Rego Farias
- Clinical Director Special Smiles Special Olympics Brazil, São Leopoldo Mandic College, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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Parry J, Newton T, Linehan C, Ryan C. Dental Visits for Autistic Children: A Qualitative Focus Group Study of Parental Perceptions. JDR Clin Trans Res 2021; 8:23800844211049404. [PMID: 34693784 PMCID: PMC9772888 DOI: 10.1177/23800844211049404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Patient groups who pose behavioral challenges during dental attendance may be offered more restricted dental treatment options. Unsuccessful participation with dental visit tasks and demands has been commonly reported for autistic children. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to examine parental perceptions of difficulties associated with dental attendance and oral care for autistic children and young adults, to highlight reported challenges and potential adaptations, and to identify interventions that will encourage positive experiences of dental attendance. METHODS Qualitative data were gathered through 2 focus groups with parents of primary school and secondary school pupils with autism, interviewed in separate groups. Questions about parents' perceptions of dental attendance and oral care were asked. The groups were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. The transcripts were analyzed and initial codes generated. Development of subthemes and themes followed a process of thematic analysis. RESULTS Parental perceptions, which confirmed data from other studies, included the need for understanding and training, awareness of sensory issues, recognition of the individuality of autistic traits, time and clarity for communication, and factors affecting the confidence of parents to advocate in the clinical environment. Focus group participants identified the critical value of empathizing with an autistic perspective and highlighted the importance of positive oral health messages. They also noted the lack of understanding regarding the complexity of altering self-imposed, ritualistic dietary regimes and attempting to enact good dental preventive habits for their children. CONCLUSIONS Analysis of data from parent focus groups provided a greater understanding of the needs and responsivity required for successful dental visits for autistic children and young adults. A range of potential interventions was identified and incorporated within a model of needs. Interventions based on Partnership Working, System Change, and Training of Dental Staff could be effective in reducing challenges posed by dental attendance for many children with autism. KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER STATEMENT Sensory sensitivities, communication difficulties, comorbid intellectual disability, and dental anxiety are barriers to successful participation during dental attendance for autistic children. This research proposes that interventions supporting Partnership Working, System Change, and Training of Dental Staff can reduce challenges posed by dental attendance. The model of interventions developed as part of this project can be used by oral care teams to help reduce barriers and improve the success of dental visits for autistic children.
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Affiliation(s)
- J.A. Parry
- School of Applied Psychology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Special Care Dental Service, Sussex Community NHS Foundation Trust, Haywards Heath Health Centre, Haywards Heath, UK
| | - T. Newton
- Centre for Oral, Clinical and Translational Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - C. Linehan
- School of Applied Psychology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - C. Ryan
- School of Applied Psychology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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Doody O, Bailey ME, Hennessy T. Nature and extent of intellectual disability nursing research in Ireland: a scoping review to inform health and health service research. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e051858. [PMID: 34615681 PMCID: PMC8496393 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-051858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To capture the extent and nature of intellectual disability nursing publications in Ireland. DESIGN Scoping review using Arksey and O'Malley approach. DATA SOURCES Six databases (PsycINFO, CINAHL, Medline, Academic Search Complete, Scopus, Embase) were searched along with a web-based search of the eight academic institutions delivering intellectual disability nurse education in Ireland for publications indexed from the earliest available date to the 31 December 2020. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA Publications by an academic, practitioner or student working in intellectual disability practice or education in Ireland relating to intellectual disability nursing, care or education. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS Data pertaining to type of paper/design, authors (academic/professional/student), year, collaboration (national/international), topic/content area and title were extracted from each paper. Data were analysed by two authors using Colorafi and Evans content analysis steps where data was tabulated, and a narrative synthesis undertaken. RESULTS The reporting of the review is in line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and PRISMA extension for Scoping Reviews Checklist. Database and web-based searching resulting 245 articles meeting the criteria for this review. Through content analysis the 245 articles were mapped onto six themes: supporting inclusion, future planning, aspects of health, interventions, education, professional development and research, and personal and professional accounts of caring. CONCLUSIONS This review highlights the extent and nature of intellectual disability publications by academic, practitioner or student working in intellectual disability nursing in Ireland together with opportunities for future growth and development. From the findings it is apparent that there is an ongoing need for intellectual disability nurses to define their role across the full trajectory of health provision and to make visible their role in person-family centred support, inclusion, and contributions in health education, health promotion and health management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Owen Doody
- Nursing and Midwifery, Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Maria E Bailey
- Nursing and Midwifery, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Therese Hennessy
- Nursing and Midwifery, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
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McGeown D, Mac Giolla Phadraig C, Whelehan D, Nunn JH. Dental decision-making under general anesthesia for patients with disabilities: A qualitative study. SPECIAL CARE IN DENTISTRY 2021; 42:20-27. [PMID: 34255384 DOI: 10.1111/scd.12631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This paper explores the variables which influence decision-making processes in dentists providing dental care for people with disabilities under general anesthesia (GA). METHODS Face-to-face semi-structured interviews were undertaken on a purposive sample. Audio recordings were transcribed and checked for accuracy. Using thematic content analysis methods open codes were developed inductively. Codes were analyzed further by three authors adopting a deductive approach, leading to final coding, sorting and themes, subtheme and framework development. RESULTS Three themes emerged. The first theme explored Shared Decision Making, or lack thereof, as it influenced clinical reasoning. The second (Systematic, Analytical) and third (Intuition, and heuristics) themes explored features of clinical judgment as considered under dual process theory. Dentists primarily used intuitive decision-making processes and heuristic styled processes (or cognitive mental frames) assisted in intuition to extract teeth, without engaging type 2 processes. CONCLUSION The dentists experience subtle modifiers to their decision-making that ultimately promote extraction of teeth under GA for people with disabilities. Bias training, simulation and post-hoc reflection are examples of recommendations which may be used to improve decision-making in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle McGeown
- Department Child and Public Health, Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Dale Whelehan
- Discipline of Surgery, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - June H Nunn
- Department Child and Public Health, Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Munoz-Sanchez ML, Linas N, Decerle N, Collado V, Faulks D, Nicolas E, Hennequin M, Cousson PY. Radiological Evaluation of Stainless Steel Crowns Placed on Permanent Teeth in Patients Treated under General Anaesthesia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18052509. [PMID: 33802534 PMCID: PMC7967346 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18052509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Evidence-based evaluations of dental treatment are needed to support the development of special care dentistry services. This retrospective study was designed to collect and analyse X-ray images of permanent teeth restored with stainless steel crowns (SSC) in patients treated under general anaesthesia. Between 2013 and 2019, 360 permanent molars were crowned with SSCs in 198 adult patients. One calibrated investigator used an original validated tool to evaluate four radiographic criteria for molars restored with SSCs: (i) marginal adaptation; (ii) interdental proximal contact; (iii) the presence of glass ionomer cement overflow; and (iv) the loss of alveolar bone. Overall, no defect or a minor defect was reported for the majority of SSCs for the criteria “Marginal adaptation” (62.5%, n = 320), “Proximal contact” (82.2%, n = 236) and “Cement overflow” (95.8%, n = 337). Alveolar bone resorption was reported in 8.3% of cases, n = 14, after a mean period of 8.9 ± 14.3 months. It was shown that the restoration of permanent teeth using SSCs placed under general anaesthesia presents a low risk of periodontal morbidity in the medium term when assessed radiographically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Laure Munoz-Sanchez
- CROC, Université Clermont Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (M.-L.M.-S.); (N.L.); (N.D.); (V.C.); (D.F.); (E.N.); (P.-Y.C.)
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Service d’Odontologie, F-63003 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Natacha Linas
- CROC, Université Clermont Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (M.-L.M.-S.); (N.L.); (N.D.); (V.C.); (D.F.); (E.N.); (P.-Y.C.)
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Service d’Odontologie, F-63003 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Nicolas Decerle
- CROC, Université Clermont Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (M.-L.M.-S.); (N.L.); (N.D.); (V.C.); (D.F.); (E.N.); (P.-Y.C.)
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Service d’Odontologie, F-63003 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Valérie Collado
- CROC, Université Clermont Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (M.-L.M.-S.); (N.L.); (N.D.); (V.C.); (D.F.); (E.N.); (P.-Y.C.)
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Service d’Odontologie, F-63003 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Denise Faulks
- CROC, Université Clermont Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (M.-L.M.-S.); (N.L.); (N.D.); (V.C.); (D.F.); (E.N.); (P.-Y.C.)
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Service d’Odontologie, F-63003 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Emmanuel Nicolas
- CROC, Université Clermont Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (M.-L.M.-S.); (N.L.); (N.D.); (V.C.); (D.F.); (E.N.); (P.-Y.C.)
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Service d’Odontologie, F-63003 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Martine Hennequin
- CROC, Université Clermont Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (M.-L.M.-S.); (N.L.); (N.D.); (V.C.); (D.F.); (E.N.); (P.-Y.C.)
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Service d’Odontologie, F-63003 Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Correspondence:
| | - Pierre-Yves Cousson
- CROC, Université Clermont Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (M.-L.M.-S.); (N.L.); (N.D.); (V.C.); (D.F.); (E.N.); (P.-Y.C.)
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Service d’Odontologie, F-63003 Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Yusuf ZI, Dongarwar D, Yusuf RA, Udoetuk SC, Salihu HM. The burden of oral health problems in children with mental health disorders in the United States. J Public Health Dent 2020; 82:138-147. [PMID: 33354771 DOI: 10.1111/jphd.12438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Mental health disorders (MHDs) are major public health concerns with increasing risk of morbidity and mortality among children. Oral health problems (OHPs) are receiving attention as associated comorbidities. This study assessed the burden of oral health problems in children aged 3-17 years with MHD in the United States. METHODS Cross sectional analyses was performed using the National Survey of Children's Health database 2016-2017 containing information of 60,655,439 children. Weighted survey binomial logistic regression generating odds ratio for association between MHD and OHP were calculated. Weighted dose-response models captured incremental effects of MHD severity on oral health conditions. Population attributable risk (PAR) to quantify proportions of potentially avertable OHP as a result of intervention targeted at different levels of MHD severity were estimated. RESULTS Prevalence of OHP among those with any MHD was 22.5 percent. Children with MHD were more likely to be non-Hispanic White, living in poorer households, and having private health insurance P < 0.001. Dose-response analyses showed children with mild MHD were 85 percent more likely [OR = 1.85 (95% CI: 1.47-2.32)], and those with moderate/severe MHD 93 percent more likely (OR = 1.93, 95% CI: 1.50-2.49) to experience OHP, compared to children without MHD. Population attributable risk (PAR) revealed that if mild and moderate/severe MHD were improved by 75 percent, OHP would be averted in 152,206 children with mild and 255,851 with moderate/severe MHD, respectively. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that disparities persist among the pediatric population with MHD who suffer OHP in the United States.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zenab I Yusuf
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Houston VA Health Services Research and Development Service Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness and Safety, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA.,VA South Central Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center, USA
| | - Deepa Dongarwar
- Center of Excellence in Health Equity, Training and Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rafeek A Yusuf
- Department of Management, Policy, and Community Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sade C Udoetuk
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hamisu M Salihu
- Center of Excellence in Health Equity, Training and Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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