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Ahmadzadeh K, Vanoppen M, Rose CD, Matthys P, Wouters CH. Multinucleated Giant Cells: Current Insights in Phenotype, Biological Activities, and Mechanism of Formation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:873226. [PMID: 35478968 PMCID: PMC9035892 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.873226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Monocytes and macrophages are innate immune cells with diverse functions ranging from phagocytosis of microorganisms to forming a bridge with the adaptive immune system. A lesser-known attribute of macrophages is their ability to fuse with each other to form multinucleated giant cells. Based on their morphology and functional characteristics, there are in general three types of multinucleated giant cells including osteoclasts, foreign body giant cells and Langhans giant cells. Osteoclasts are bone resorbing cells and under physiological conditions they participate in bone remodeling. However, under pathological conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis and osteoporosis, osteoclasts are responsible for bone destruction and bone loss. Foreign body giant cells and Langhans giant cells appear only under pathological conditions. While foreign body giant cells are found in immune reactions against foreign material, including implants, Langhans giant cells are associated with granulomas in infectious and non-infectious diseases. The functionality and fusion mechanism of osteoclasts are being elucidated, however, our knowledge on the functions of foreign body giant cells and Langhans giant cells is limited. In this review, we describe and compare the phenotypic aspects, biological and functional activities of the three types of multinucleated giant cells. Furthermore, we provide an overview of the multinucleation process and highlight key molecules in the different phases of macrophage fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kourosh Ahmadzadeh
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, KU Leuven – University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- *Correspondence: Kourosh Ahmadzadeh, ; Carine Helena Wouters,
| | - Margot Vanoppen
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, KU Leuven – University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Carlos D. Rose
- Division of Pediatric Rheumatology Nemours Children’s Hospital, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Patrick Matthys
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, KU Leuven – University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Carine Helena Wouters
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, KU Leuven – University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Division Pediatric Rheumatology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- European Reference Network for Rare Immunodeficiency, Autoinflammatory and Autoimmune Diseases (RITA) at University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- *Correspondence: Kourosh Ahmadzadeh, ; Carine Helena Wouters,
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Zhang J, Jin S, Guo X, Qian W. Targeting the CD47-SIRPα signaling axis: current studies on B-cell lymphoma immunotherapy. J Int Med Res 2018; 46:4418-4426. [PMID: 30226089 PMCID: PMC6259379 DOI: 10.1177/0300060518799612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The function of the immune system in cancer initiation and progression has been widely examined. Notably, immunotherapy has become a promising approach for cancer treatment. CD47, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, plays an important role in the immune regulation of cancer by binding to SIRPα. Multiple studies have detected high CD47 expression on the surface of tumor cells, which indicates poor prognosis. Treatments that block the interaction of CD47 and SIRPα significantly suppress tumor growth and metastasis through diverse mechanisms, such as phagocytosis, antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, and apoptosis. Recently, several studies have reported increased CD47 expression on different types of lymphoma cells, indicating that the CD47-SIRPα pathway can be used as a therapeutic target in lymphoma. This review focuses on the role of CD47-SIRPα in B-cell lymphoma and discusses promising therapeutic strategies targeting the CD47-SIRPα axis, which yield insights into the immunotherapy of B-cell lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhang
- 1 Department of Hematology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Shenhe Jin
- 1 Department of Hematology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojun Guo
- 2 Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, P.R. China
| | - Wenbin Qian
- 3 Institute of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China.,4 Malignant Lymphoma Diagnosis and Therapy Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
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Ye X, Zhang J, Lu R, Zhou G. Signal regulatory protein α associated with the progression of oral leukoplakia and oral squamous cell carcinoma regulates phenotype switch of macrophages. Oncotarget 2018; 7:81305-81321. [PMID: 27793032 PMCID: PMC5348394 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Signal regulatory protein α (SIRPα) is a cell-surface protein expressed on macrophages that are regarded as an important component of the tumor microenvironment. The expression of SIRPα in oral leukoplakia (OLK) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), and further explored the role of SIRPα on the phenotype, phagocytosis ability, migration, and invasion of macrophages in OSCC were investigated. The expression of SIRPα in OLK was higher than in OSCC, correlating with the expression of CD68 and CD163 on macrophages. After cultured with the conditioned media of oral cancer cells, the expression of SIRPα on THP-1 cells was decreased gradually. In co-culture system, macrophages were induced into M2 phenotype by oral cancer cells. Blockade of SIRPα inhibited phagocytosis ability and IL-6, TNF-α productions of macrophages. In addition, the proliferation, migration, and IL-10, TGF-β productions of macrophages were upregulated after blockade of SIRPα. Macrophages upregulated the expression of SIRPα and phagocytosis ability, and inhibited the migration and invasion when the activation of NF-κB was inhibited by pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate ammonium (PDTC). Hence, SIRPα might play an important role in the progression of OLK and oral cancer, and could be a pivotal therapeutic target in OSCC by regulating the phenotype of macrophages via targeting NF-κB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Ye
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Jing Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China.,Department of Oral Medicine, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Rui Lu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China.,Department of Oral Medicine, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Gang Zhou
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China.,Department of Oral Medicine, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China
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Gautam PK, Kumar S, Tomar M, Singh RK, Acharya A, Kumar S, Ram B. Selenium nanoparticles induce suppressed function of tumor associated macrophages and inhibit Dalton's lymphoma proliferation. Biochem Biophys Rep 2017; 12:172-184. [PMID: 29090279 PMCID: PMC5650654 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2017.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Revised: 09/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Selenium Nanoparticle (SeNPs) is reported that it enhances and maintains optimal immune during infection and malignancies. To this end, we examined the role of selenium on TAMS whose anti-tumor function suppressed which favor tumor progression. BALB/c (H2d) strain of mice non-Hodgkin type of Dalton's cell line was used to check the role of carboxlic group induced, synthesized SeNPs on TAMs. Screening of IC50 value was done primarily trypen blue exclusion assay and 50% proliferation of DL cells inhibited 40 ng/ml to 50 ng/. Treatment also decreases ΔΨm, fragmentation of DNA of DL cells and arrest cells cycle in G1/G0 phage. Untreated TAMs cells showing suppressed expression of ROS, adhesion, phagocytosis, fusion and receptor profiling such as ICAM-1, CD47, CD172α. Which was induced more as compare to untreated group. SeNPs have potential to induce the anti-tumor function of TAMs whose anti-tumor function down-regulated pliable shifted towards tumor progression. It decreased the proliferation of DL cell by inducing apoptosis. Therefore, the synthesized SeNPs could be used for imaging diagnosis and cancer therapy which must be cost effective with negligible side effects shifted towards tumor progression. It decreased the proliferation of DL cell by inducing apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pramod Kumar Gautam
- Institute of Science, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
- Department of Drayaguna, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Institute of Science, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - M.S. Tomar
- Institute of Science, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Rishi Kant Singh
- Institute of Science, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - A. Acharya
- Institute of Science, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Department of Drayaguna, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - B. Ram
- Department of Drayaguna, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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Deshpande RP, Chandra Sekhar YBVK, Panigrahi M, Babu PP. SIRP Alpha Protein Downregulates in Human Astrocytoma: Presumptive Involvement of Hsa-miR-520d-5p and Hsa-miR-520d-3p. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:8162-8169. [PMID: 27900675 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-0302-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Astrocytomas are the most common brain tumors with poor survival in malignant forms. Signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRP alpha) is a transmembrane protein expressed on immune cells and macrophages and is reported to modulate tumor cell phagocytosis. In the present study, we investigated the involvement of miR-520d-5p and miR-520d-3p in regulation of SIRP alpha expression. Here, we report mRNA and protein expression profile of SIRP alpha in 39 surgically resected human astrocytoma tissue samples and 14 control brain tissue samples. Transcript expression pattern was studied by real-time PCR while Western blotting and immunohistochemistry were used to evaluate protein expression. Expression profile of miR-520d-5p and miR-520d-3p was studied by real-time PCR. Computational prediction was employed to analyze the binding of miR-520d-5p and miR-520d-3p for SIRP alpha mRNA. It is evident from preliminary investigation that SIRP alpha transcripts are expressed in control brain tissues, increased in low-grade (grade II) tumor tissues, and decreased with further grade progression (P < 0.05). SIRP alpha protein was moderately expressed in control brain tissues but under-expressed in low- and high-grade tissue samples (P < 0.05). Immunohistochemistry results further confirmed Western blot outcomes. Computational prediction supplemented with 3' and 5'UTR targeting analysis and correlation studies reveals that hsa-miR-520d-5p (P = 0.028, R 2 = 0.94) (95 % CI 0.15 to 0.99) and hsa-miR-520d-3p (P = 0.027, R 2 = 0.94) (95% CI 0.17 to 0.99) may be the putative microRNAs involved in regulation of SIRP alpha protein expression. Real-time PCR expression profile depicts that mature form of both miRNAs is significantly overexpressed in low-grade (GII) tumor tissue samples compared to control and high-grade (GIII and GIV) tissue samples. MiR-520d-5p and miR-520d-3p were found with expression pattern similar to SIRP alpha transcripts. We show that SIRP alpha protein is under-expressed in low and high grades of astrocytoma patients' tissue samples. Control brain tissues were found to be positive with SIRP alpha protein expression. Real-time PCR expression analysis confirms that miR-520d-5p and miR-520d-3p expression levels were significantly correlated with SIRP alpha transcripts in control, low-grade, and high-grade tissue samples. Computational prediction further evidenced for binding sites of these miRNAs on 3' and 5'UTR of SIRP alpha transcripts. Taken together, we predict that miR-520d-5p and miR-520d-3p may be having role in the regulation of under-expressed SIRP alpha protein expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravindra Pramod Deshpande
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500046, India
| | | | - Manas Panigrahi
- Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Secunderabad, Telangana, 500003, India
| | - Phanithi Prakash Babu
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500046, India.
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Tanaka M, Shiota M, Nakao T, Uemura R, Nishi S, Ohkawa Y, Matsumoto M, Yamaguchi M, Osada-Oka M, Inagaki A, Takahashi K, Nakayama KI, Gi M, Izumi Y, Miura K, Iwao H. Identification of low-abundance proteins in serum via the isolation of HSP72 complexes. J Proteomics 2016; 136:214-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2016.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Revised: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Interplay between Cellular and Molecular Inflammatory Mediators in Lung Cancer. Mediators Inflamm 2016; 2016:3494608. [PMID: 26941482 PMCID: PMC4749813 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3494608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a component of the tumor microenvironment and represents the 7th hallmark of cancer. Chronic inflammation plays a critical role in tumorigenesis. Tumor infiltrating inflammatory cells mediate processes associated with progression, immune suppression, promotion of neoangiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis, remodeling of extracellular matrix, invasion and metastasis, and, lastly, the inhibition of vaccine-induced antitumor T cell response. Accumulating evidence indicates a critical role of myeloid cells in the pathophysiology of human cancers. In contrast to the well-characterized tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), the significance of granulocytes in cancer has only recently begun to emerge with the characterization of tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs). Recent studies show the importance of CD47 in the interaction with macrophages inhibiting phagocytosis and promoting the migration of neutrophils, increasing inflammation which can lead to recurrence and progression in lung cancer. Currently, therapies are targeted towards blocking CD47 and enhancing macrophage-mediated phagocytosis. However, antibody-based therapies may have adverse effects that limit its use.
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