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Xu C, Yang K, Xu Y, Meng X, Zhou Y, Xu Y, Li X, Qiao W, Shi J, Zhang D, Wang J, Xu W, Yang H, Luo Z, Dong N. Melt-electrowriting-enabled anisotropic scaffolds loaded with valve interstitial cells for heart valve tissue Engineering. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:378. [PMID: 38943185 PMCID: PMC11212200 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02656-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineered heart valves (TEHVs) demonstrates the potential for tissue growth and remodel, offering particular benefit for pediatric patients. A significant challenge in designing functional TEHV lies in replicating the anisotropic mechanical properties of native valve leaflets. To establish a biomimetic TEHV model, we employed melt-electrowriting (MEW) technology to fabricate an anisotropic PCL scaffold. By integrating the anisotropic MEW-PCL scaffold with bioactive hydrogels (GelMA/ChsMA), we successfully crafted an elastic scaffold with tunable mechanical properties closely mirroring the structure and mechanical characteristics of natural heart valves. This scaffold not only supports the growth of valvular interstitial cells (VICs) within a 3D culture but also fosters the remodeling of extracellular matrix of VICs. The in vitro experiments demonstrated that the introduction of ChsMA improved the hemocompatibility and endothelialization of TEHV scaffold. The in vivo experiments revealed that, compared to their non-hydrogel counterparts, the PCL-GelMA/ChsMA scaffold, when implanted into SD rats, significantly suppressed immune reactions and calcification. In comparison with the PCL scaffold, the PCL-GelMA/ChsMA scaffold exhibited higher bioactivity and superior biocompatibility. The amalgamation of MEW technology and biomimetic design approaches provides a new paradigm for manufacturing scaffolds with highly controllable microstructures, biocompatibility, and anisotropic mechanical properties required for the fabrication of TEHVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Xu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technology, Wuhan Textile University, No.1 Sunshine Avenue, Jiangxia District, Wuhan, 430200, China
| | - Kun Yang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yin Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Xiangfu Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Science, Hubei University, 368 Youyi Avenue, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Yanping Xu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Xueyao Li
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Weihua Qiao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Jiawei Shi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Donghui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Science, Hubei University, 368 Youyi Avenue, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Jianglin Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Weilin Xu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technology, Wuhan Textile University, No.1 Sunshine Avenue, Jiangxia District, Wuhan, 430200, China
| | - Hongjun Yang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technology, Wuhan Textile University, No.1 Sunshine Avenue, Jiangxia District, Wuhan, 430200, China.
| | - Zhiqiang Luo
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| | - Nianguo Dong
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430000, China.
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2
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Kabirian F, Mozafari M, Mela P, Heying R. Incorporation of Controlled Release Systems Improves the Functionality of Biodegradable 3D Printed Cardiovascular Implants. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:5953-5967. [PMID: 37856240 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c00559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
New horizons in cardiovascular research are opened by using 3D printing for biodegradable implants. This additive manufacturing approach allows the design and fabrication of complex structures according to the patient's imaging data in an accurate, reproducible, cost-effective, and quick manner. Acellular cardiovascular implants produced from biodegradable materials have the potential to provide enough support for in situ tissue regeneration while gradually being replaced by neo-autologous tissue. Subsequently, they have the potential to prevent long-term complications. In this Review, we discuss the current status of 3D printing applications in the development of biodegradable cardiovascular implants with a focus on design, biomaterial selection, fabrication methods, and advantages of implantable controlled release systems. Moreover, we delve into the intricate challenges that accompany the clinical translation of these groundbreaking innovations, presenting a glimpse of potential solutions poised to enable the realization of these technologies in the realm of cardiovascular medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Kabirian
- Cardiovascular Developmental Biology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Masoud Mozafari
- Research Unit of Health Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu FI-90014, Finland
| | - Petra Mela
- Medical Materials and Implants, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Munich Institute of Biomedical Engineering, and TUM School of Engineering and Design, Technical University of Munich, Munich 80333, Germany
| | - Ruth Heying
- Cardiovascular Developmental Biology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
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3
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Galloway AC, Dorsey MP. Commentary: Incremental improvement is better than no improvement! J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2023:S0022-5223(23)01000-0. [PMID: 37890661 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2023.10.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aubrey C Galloway
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY.
| | - Michael P Dorsey
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY
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4
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Jung SH, Jang BH, Kwon S, Park SJ, Park TE, Kang JH. Nematic Fibrin Fibers Enabling Vascularized Thrombus Implants Facilitate Scarless Cutaneous Wound Healing. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023:e2211149. [PMID: 37052392 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202211149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Autologous implantable scaffolds that induce vasculogenesis have shown great potential in tissue regeneration; however, previous attempts mainly relied on cell-laden hydrogel patches using fat tissues or platelet-rich plasma, which are insufficient for generating a uniform vasculature in a scalable manner. Here, implantable vascularized engineered thrombi (IVETs) are presented using autologous whole blood, which potentiate effective skin wound healing by constructing robust microcapillary vessel networks at the wound site. Microfluidic shear stresses enable the alignment of bundled fibrin fibers along the direction of the blood flow streamlines and the activation of platelets, both of which offer moderate stiffness of the microenvironment optimal for facilitating endothelial cell maturation and vascularization. Rodent dorsal skin wounds patched with IVET present superior wound closure rates (96.08 ± 1.58%), epidermis thickness, collagen deposition, hair follicle numbers, and neutrophil infiltration, which are permitted by enhanced microvascular circulation. Moreover, IVET treatment accelerates wound healing by recruiting M2 phenotype macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Hyun Jung
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), UNIST gil 50, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong Hwan Jang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), UNIST gil 50, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Seyong Kwon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), UNIST gil 50, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Jin Park
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), UNIST gil 50, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Eun Park
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), UNIST gil 50, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo H Kang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), UNIST gil 50, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
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5
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Dittfeld C, Welzel C, König U, Jannasch A, Alexiou K, Blum E, Bronder S, Sperling C, Maitz MF, Tugtekin SM. Hemocompatibility tuning of an innovative glutaraldehyde-free preparation strategy using riboflavin/UV crosslinking and electron irradiation of bovine pericardium for cardiac substitutes. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 147:213328. [PMID: 36764200 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Hemocompatibility tuning was adopted to explore and refine an innovative, GA-free preparation strategy combining decellularization, riboflavin/UV crosslinking, and low-energy electron irradiation (SULEEI) procedure. A SULEEI-protocol was established to avoid GA-dependent deterioration that results in insufficient long-term aortic valve bioprosthesis durability. Final SULEEI-pericardium, intermediate steps and GA-fixed reference pericardium were exposed in vitro to fresh human whole blood to elucidate effects of preparation parameters on coagulation and inflammation activation and tissue histology. The riboflavin/UV crosslinking step showed to be less efficient in inactivating extracellular matrix (ECM) protein activity than the GA fixation, leading to tissue-factor mediated blood clotting. Intensifying the riboflavin/UV crosslinking with elevated riboflavin concentration and dextran caused an enhanced activation of the complement system. Yet activation processes induced by the previous protocol steps were quenched with the final electron beam treatment step. An optimized SULEEI protocol was developed using an intense and extended, trypsin-containing decellularization step to inactivate tissue factor and a dextran-free, low riboflavin, high UV crosslinking step. The innovative and improved GA-free SULEEI-preparation protocol results in low coagulant and low inflammatory bovine pericardium for surgical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Dittfeld
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Carl Gustav Carus Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Heart Centre Dresden, Germany.
| | - Cindy Welzel
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Carl Gustav Carus Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Heart Centre Dresden, Germany
| | - Ulla König
- Fraunhofer Institute for Organic Electronics, Electron Beam and Plasma Technology FEP, Dresden, Germany
| | - Anett Jannasch
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Carl Gustav Carus Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Heart Centre Dresden, Germany
| | - Konstantin Alexiou
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Carl Gustav Carus Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Heart Centre Dresden, Germany
| | - Ekaterina Blum
- Fraunhofer Institute for Organic Electronics, Electron Beam and Plasma Technology FEP, Dresden, Germany
| | - Saskia Bronder
- Fraunhofer Institute for Organic Electronics, Electron Beam and Plasma Technology FEP, Dresden, Germany
| | - Claudia Sperling
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Institute Biofunctional Polymer Materials, Dresden, Germany
| | - Manfred F Maitz
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Institute Biofunctional Polymer Materials, Dresden, Germany
| | - Sems-Malte Tugtekin
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Carl Gustav Carus Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Heart Centre Dresden, Germany
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6
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Kong Y, Liu J, Jiang H, Song L, Kong D, Wang Z, Leng X. Immunogenicity assessment of swim bladder-derived biomaterials. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:2738-2749. [PMID: 36807688 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm01419j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Fish swim bladder-derived biomaterials are prospective cardiovascular materials due to anti-calcification, adequate mechanical properties, and good biocompatibility. However, their immunogenic safety profile, which primarily determines their feasibility as medical devices in clinical practice, remains unknown. Herein, the immunogenicity of glutaraldehyde crosslinked fish swim bladder (Bladder-GA) and un-crosslinked swim bladder (Bladder-UN) samples was examined using in vitro and in vivo assays according to ISO 10993-20. The in vitro splenocyte proliferation assay showed that cell growth was lower in the extract medium of Bladder-UN and Bladder-GA, compared to the LPS-or Con A-treated group. Similar results were obtained in in vivo assays. In the subcutaneous implantation model, the thymus coefficient, spleen coefficient and ratio of immune cell subtypes showed no significant difference between the bladder groups and the sham group. In terms of the humoral immune response, the total IgM concentration was lower in the Bladder-GA and Bladder-UN groups (988 ± 238 μg ml-1 and 1095 ± 296 μg ml-1, respectively) than that in the sham group (1329 ± 132 μg ml-1) at 7 days. The total IgG concentrations were 422 ± 78 μg ml-1 in Bladder-GA and 469 ± 172 μg ml-1 in Bladder-UN at 30 days, which were slightly higher than that in the sham group (276 ± 95 μg ml-1) but there was no significant difference compared with Bovine-GA (468 ± 172 μg ml-1), indicating that these materials did not elicit a strong humoral immune response. Systemic immune response-related cytokines and C-reactive protein were stable during implantation, while IL-4 levels increased with time. The classical foreign body response was not observed around all the implants, and the ratio of CD163+/iNOS macrophages in Bladder-GA and Bladder-UN was higher than that in the Bovine-GA group at the implanted site at 7 and 30 days. Finally, no organ toxicity was observed in any of the groups. Collectively, the swim bladder-derived material did not elicit significant aberrant immune responses in vivo, giving strong confidence for its application in tissue engineering or medical devices. Furthermore, more dedicated research on immunogenic safety assessment in large animal models is encouraged to facilitate the clinical practice of swim bladder-derived materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Kong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China.
| | - Jing Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China.
| | - Honghui Jiang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China.
| | - Lili Song
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China. .,College of Life Sciences, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Deling Kong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China. .,Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhihong Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China.
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7
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Tong Q, Sun A, Wang Z, Li T, He X, Qian Y, Qian Z. Hybrid heart valves with VEGF-loaded zwitterionic hydrogel coating for improved anti-calcification and re-endothelialization. Mater Today Bio 2022; 17:100459. [PMID: 36278142 PMCID: PMC9583583 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
With the aging of the population in worldwide, valvular heart disease has become one of the most prominent life-threatening diseases in human health, and heart valve replacement surgery is one of the therapeutic methods for valvular heart disease. Currently, commercial bioprosthetic heart valves (BHVs) for clinical application are prepared with xenograft heart valves or pericardium crosslinked by glutaraldehyde. Due to the residual cell toxicity from glutaraldehyde, heterologous antigens, and immune response, there are still some drawbacks related to the limited lifespan of bioprosthetic heart valves, such as thrombosis, calcification, degeneration, and defectiveness of re-endothelialization. Therefore, the problems of calcification, defectiveness of re-endothelialization, and poor biocompatibility from the use of bioprosthetic heart valve need to be solved. In this study, hydrogel hybrid heart valves with improved anti-calcification and re-endothelialization were prepared by taking decellularized porcine heart valves as scaffolds following grafting with double bonds. Then, the anti-biofouling zwitterionic monomers 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were utilized to obtain a hydrogel-coated hybrid heart valve (PEGDA-MPC-DHVs@VEGF). The results showed that fewer platelets and thrombi were observed on the surface of the PEGDA-MPC-DHVs@VEGF. Additionally, the PEGDA-MPC-DHVs@VEGF exhibited excellent collagen stability, biocompatibility and re-endothelialization potential. Moreover, less calcification deposition and a lower immune response were observed in the PEGDA-MPC-DHVs@VEGF compared to the glutaraldehyde-crosslinked DHVs (Glu-DHVs) after subcutaneous implantation in rats for 30 days. These studies demonstrated that the strategy of zwitterionic hydrogels loaded with VEGF may be an effective approach to improving the biocompatibility, anti-calcification and re-endothelialization of bioprosthetic heart valves. A new and promising strategy of overcoming defects of bioprosthetic heart valves. The zwitterionic hydrogel with VEGF is utilized to improve anti-calcification and re-endothelialization properties of heart valves. The hybrid heart valves with a VEGF-loaded zwitterionic hydrogel coating exhibits excellent biocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Tong
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Ao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Zhengjie Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Xinye He
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yongjun Qian
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China,Corresponding author. Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China.
| | - Zhiyong Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China,Corresponding author. State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
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8
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The Peptide/Antibody-Based Surface Decoration of Calcium Phosphate Nanoparticles Carrying siRNA Influences the p65 NF-κB Protein Expression in Inflamed Cells In Vitro. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10071571. [PMID: 35884877 PMCID: PMC9313450 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10071571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Earlier studies with nanoparticles carrying siRNA were restricted to investigating the inhibition of target-specific protein expression, while almost ignoring effects related to the nanoparticle composition. Here, we demonstrate how the design and surface decoration of nanoparticles impact the p65 nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) protein expression in inflamed leucocytes and endothelial cells in vitro. We prepared silica-coated calcium phosphate nanoparticles carrying encapsulated siRNA against p65 NF-κB and surface-decorated with peptides or antibodies. We show that RGD-decorated nanoparticles are efficient in down-regulating p65 NF-κB protein expression in endothelial cells as a result of an enhanced specific cellular binding and subsequent uptake of nanoparticles. In contrast, nanoparticles decorated with IgG (whether specific or not for CD69) are efficient in down-regulating p65 NF-κB protein expression in T-cells, but not in B-cells. Thus, an optimized nanoparticle decoration with xenogenic IgG may stimulate a specific cellular uptake. In summary, the composition of siRNA-loaded calcium phosphate nanoparticles can either weaken or stimulate p65 NF-κB protein expression in targeted inflamed leucocytes and endothelial cells. In general, unveiling such interactions may be very useful for the future design of anti-p65 siRNA-based nanomedicines for treatment of inflammation-associated diseases.
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9
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Strategies for development of decellularized heart valve scaffolds for tissue engineering. Biomaterials 2022; 288:121675. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Wu S, Li Y, Zhang C, Tao L, Kuss M, Lim JY, Butcher J, Duan B. Tri-Layered and Gel-Like Nanofibrous Scaffolds with Anisotropic Features for Engineering Heart Valve Leaflets. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2200053. [PMID: 35289986 PMCID: PMC10976923 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202200053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
3D heterogeneous and anisotropic scaffolds that approximate native heart valve tissues are indispensable for the successful construction of tissue engineered heart valves (TEHVs). In this study, novel tri-layered and gel-like nanofibrous scaffolds, consisting of poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) and poly(aspartic acid) (PASP), are fabricated by a combination of positive/negative conjugate electrospinning and bioactive hydrogel post-processing. The nanofibrous PLGA-PASP scaffolds present tri-layered structures, resulting in anisotropic mechanical properties that are comparable with native heart valve leaflets. Biological tests show that nanofibrous PLGA-PASP scaffolds with high PASP ratios significantly promote the proliferation and collagen and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) secretions of human aortic valvular interstitial cells (HAVICs), compared to PLGA scaffolds. Importantly, the nanofibrous PLGA-PASP scaffolds are found to effectively inhibit the osteogenic differentiation of HAVICs. Two types of porcine VICs, from young and adult age groups, are further seeded onto the PLGA-PASP scaffolds. The adult VICs secrete higher amounts of collagens and GAGs and undergo a significantly higher level of osteogenic differentiation than young VICs. RNA sequencing analysis indicates that age has a pivotal effect on the VIC behaviors. This study provides important guidance and a reference for the design and development of 3D tri-layered, gel-like nanofibrous PLGA-PASP scaffolds for TEHV applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaohua Wu
- College of Textiles and Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Mary & Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program and Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Yiran Li
- College of Textiles and Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Caidan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Yarn Materials Forming and Composite Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314001, China
| | - Litao Tao
- Department of Biomedical Science, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, 68178, USA
| | - Mitchell Kuss
- Mary & Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program and Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Jung Yul Lim
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Jonathan Butcher
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14850, USA
| | - Bin Duan
- Mary & Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program and Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
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11
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Bozso SJ, Kang JJH, El-Andari R, Fialka N, Zhu LF, Meyer SR, Freed DH, Nagendran J, Nagendran J. Recellularization of xenograft heart valves reduces the xenoreactive immune response in an in vivo rat model. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2021; 61:427-436. [PMID: 34633028 DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezab439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Our aim was to address the role of autologous mesenchymal stem cell recellularization of xenogenic valves on the activation of the xenoreactive immune response in an in vivo rat model. METHODS Explanted aortic valve constructs from female Hartley guinea pigs were procured and decellularized, followed by recellularization with autologous Sprague-Dawley rat mesenchymal stem cells. Aortic valve xenografts were then implanted into the infrarenal aorta of recipient rats. Grafts were implanted as either autologous grafts, non-decellularized (NGP), decellularized and recellularized xenografts (RGP). Rats were euthanized after 7 and 21 days and exsanguinated and the grafts were explanted. RESULTS The NGP grafts demonstrated significant burden of granulocytes (14.3 cells/HPF) and CD3+ T cells (3.9 cells/HPF) compared to the autologous grafts (2.1 granulocytes/HPF and 0.72 CD3+ T cells/HPF) after 7 days. A lower absolute number of infiltrating granulocytes (NGP vs autologous, 6.4 vs 2.4 cells/HPF) and CD3+ T cells (NGP vs autologous, 2.8 vs 0.8 cells/HPF) was seen after 21 days. Equivalent granulocyte cell infiltration in the RGP grafts (2.4 cells/HPF) compared to the autologous grafts (2.1 cells/HPF) after 7 and 21 days (2.8 vs 2.4 cells/HPF) was observed. Equivalent CD3+ T-cell infiltration in the RGP grafts (0.63 cells/HPF) compared to the autologous grafts (0.72 cells/HPF) after 7 and 21 days (0.7 vs 0.8 cells/HPF) was observed. Immunoglobulin production was significantly greater in the NGP grafts compared to the autologous grafts at 7 (123.3 vs 52.7 mg/mL) and 21 days (93.3 vs 71.6 mg/mL), with a similar decreasing trend in absolute production. Equivalent immunoglobulin production was observed in the RGP grafts compared to the autologous grafts at 7 (40.8 vs 52.7 mg/mL) and 21 days (29.5 vs 71.6 mg/mL). CONCLUSIONS Autologous mesenchymal stem cell recellularization of xenogenic valves reduces the xenoreactive immune response in an in vivo rat model and may be an effective approach to decrease the progression of xenograft valve dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabin J Bozso
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Jimmy J H Kang
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Ryaan El-Andari
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Nicholas Fialka
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Lin Fu Zhu
- Department of Surgery, Surgical Medical Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Steven R Meyer
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Darren H Freed
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Jayan Nagendran
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Jeevan Nagendran
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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