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Ferreira BL, Ramirez-Moral I, Otto NA, Salomão R, de Vos AF, van der Poll T. The PPAR-γ agonist pioglitazone exerts proinflammatory effects in bronchial epithelial cells during acute Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia. Clin Exp Immunol 2022; 207:370-377. [PMID: 35553637 PMCID: PMC9113127 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxab036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common respiratory pathogen that causes injurious airway inflammation during acute pneumonia. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ is involved in the regulation of metabolic and inflammatory responses in different cell types and synthetic agonists of PPAR-γ exert anti-inflammatory effects on myeloid cells in vitro and in models of inflammation in vivo. We sought to determine the effect of the PPAR-γ agonist pioglitazone on airway inflammation induced by acute P. aeruginosa pneumonia, focusing on bronchial epithelial cells. Mice pretreated with pioglitazone or vehicle (24 and 1 h) were infected with P. aeruginosa via the airways. Pioglitazone treatment was associated with increased expression of chemokine (Cxcl1, Cxcl2, and Ccl20) and cytokine genes (Tnfa, Il6, and Cfs3) in bronchial brushes obtained 6 h after infection. This pro-inflammatory effect was accompanied by increased expression of Hk2 and Pfkfb3 genes encoding rate-limiting enzymes of glycolysis; concurrently, the expression of Sdha, important for maintaining metabolite flux in the tricarboxylic acid cycle, was reduced in bronchial epithelial cells of pioglitazone treated-mice. Pioglitazone inhibited bronchoalveolar inflammatory responses measured in lavage fluid. These results suggest that pioglitazone exerts a selective proinflammatory effect on bronchial epithelial cells during acute P. aeruginosa pneumonia, possibly by enhancing intracellular glycolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca L Ferreira
- Center of Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ivan Ramirez-Moral
- Center of Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Natasja A Otto
- Center of Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Reinaldo Salomão
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alex F de Vos
- Center of Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tom van der Poll
- Center of Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Lin YJ, Flaczyk A, Wolfheimer S, Goretzki A, Jamin A, Wangorsch A, Vieths S, Scheurer S, Schülke S. The Fusion Protein rFlaA:Betv1 Modulates DC Responses by a p38-MAPK and COX2-Dependent Secretion of PGE 2 from Epithelial Cells. Cells 2021; 10:3415. [PMID: 34943923 PMCID: PMC8700022 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Developing new adjuvants/vaccines and better understanding their mode-of-action is an important task. To specifically improve birch pollen allergy treatment, we designed a fusion protein consisting of major birch pollen allergen Betv1 conjugated to the TLR5-ligand flagellin (rFlaA:Betv1). This study investigates the immune-modulatory effects of rFlaA:Betv1 on airway epithelial cells. LA-4 mouse lung epithelial cells were stimulated with rFlaA:Betv1 in the presence/absence of various inhibitors with cytokine- and chemokine secretion quantified by ELISA and activation of intracellular signaling cascades demonstrated by Western blot (WB). Either LA-4 cells or LA-4-derived supernatants were co-cultured with BALB/c bone marrow-derived myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs). Compared to equimolar amounts of flagellin and Betv1 provided as a mixture, rFlaA:Betv1 induced higher secretion of IL-6 and the chemokines CCL2 and CCL20 from LA-4 cells and a pronounced MAPK- and NFκB-activation. Mechanistically, rFlaA:Betv1 was taken up more strongly and the induced cytokine production was inhibited by NFκB-inhibitors, while ERK- and p38-MAPK-inhibitors only suppressed IL-6 and CCL2 secretion. In co-cultures of LA-4 cells with mDCs, rFlaA:Betv1-stimulated LA-4 cells p38-MAPK- and COX2-dependently secreted PGE2, which modulated DC responses by suppressing pro-inflammatory IL-12 and TNF-α secretion. Taken together, these results contribute to our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the strong immune-modulatory effects of flagellin-containing fusion proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Ju Lin
- Molecular Allergology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, 63225 Langen, Germany; (Y.-J.L.); (A.F.); (S.W.); (A.G.); (A.J.); (A.W.); (S.V.); (S.S.)
| | - Adam Flaczyk
- Molecular Allergology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, 63225 Langen, Germany; (Y.-J.L.); (A.F.); (S.W.); (A.G.); (A.J.); (A.W.); (S.V.); (S.S.)
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Sonja Wolfheimer
- Molecular Allergology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, 63225 Langen, Germany; (Y.-J.L.); (A.F.); (S.W.); (A.G.); (A.J.); (A.W.); (S.V.); (S.S.)
| | - Alexandra Goretzki
- Molecular Allergology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, 63225 Langen, Germany; (Y.-J.L.); (A.F.); (S.W.); (A.G.); (A.J.); (A.W.); (S.V.); (S.S.)
| | - Annette Jamin
- Molecular Allergology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, 63225 Langen, Germany; (Y.-J.L.); (A.F.); (S.W.); (A.G.); (A.J.); (A.W.); (S.V.); (S.S.)
| | - Andrea Wangorsch
- Molecular Allergology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, 63225 Langen, Germany; (Y.-J.L.); (A.F.); (S.W.); (A.G.); (A.J.); (A.W.); (S.V.); (S.S.)
| | - Stefan Vieths
- Molecular Allergology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, 63225 Langen, Germany; (Y.-J.L.); (A.F.); (S.W.); (A.G.); (A.J.); (A.W.); (S.V.); (S.S.)
| | - Stephan Scheurer
- Molecular Allergology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, 63225 Langen, Germany; (Y.-J.L.); (A.F.); (S.W.); (A.G.); (A.J.); (A.W.); (S.V.); (S.S.)
| | - Stefan Schülke
- Molecular Allergology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, 63225 Langen, Germany; (Y.-J.L.); (A.F.); (S.W.); (A.G.); (A.J.); (A.W.); (S.V.); (S.S.)
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